Journal of Biomaterials Applications最新文献

The rapid advancement of 3D printing technology has revolutionized biomedical engineering, enabling the creation of complex and personalized prototypes. Thermal properties play a crucial role in the performance and safety of these biomedical devices. Understanding their thermal behavior is essential for ensuring their effectiveness, reliability, and compatibility with the human body. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the thermal properties of 3D printed biomedical prototypes. It categorizes these prototypes based on thermal characteristics, examines the thermal attributes of various 3D printing materials, explores the thermal considerations for different biomedical devices, and identifies the challenges and future prospects in this dynamic field.

In the repair of large bone defects, loss of the periosteum can result in diminished osteoinductive activity, nonunion, and incomplete regeneration of the bone structure, ultimately compromising the efficiency of bone regeneration. Therefore, the research and development of tissue-engineered periosteum which can replace the periosteum function has become the focus of current research. The functionalized electrospinning periosteum is expected to mimic the natural periosteum and enhance bone repair processes more effectively. This review explores the construction strategies for functionalized electrospun periosteum from the following perspectives: ⅰ) bioactive factor modification (bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) etc.), ⅱ) inorganic compound modification, ⅲ) drug modification, ⅳ) artificial periosteum in response to physical stimuli. Furthermore, the construction of artificial periosteum through electrospinning, in conjunction with other strategies, is also analyzed. Finally, the current challenges and prospects for the development of electrospinning periosteum are also discussed.

This study explores mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) that show promise as advanced therapeutic delivery platforms owing to their tailorable porous properties enabling enhanced drug loading capacity and biomimetic chemistry for localized, sustained release. This work systematically investigates the complex relationship between MBG composition and surfactant templating on structural evolution, in vitro bioactive response, resultant drug loading efficiency and release. A total of 12 samples of sol-gel-derived MBG were synthesized using cationic and non-ionic structure-directing agents (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, Pluronic F127 and P123) while modulating the SiO₂/CaO content, generating MBG with surface areas of 60-695 m²/g. Electron microscopy and nitrogen desorption studies verified the successful synthesis of the 12 ordered MBG formulations. Assessment of hydroxyapatite conversion kinetics via FTIR spectroscopy and SEM demonstrated accelerated deposition for 70-80% SiO₂ formulations, independent of the surfactant used. However, the templating agent had an impact on drug loading as observed in this study where MBG synthesized by the templating agent Pluronic P123 had higher drug loading compared to the other surfactants. To determine the drug release mechanisms, the in vitro kinetic profiles were fitted to various mathematical models including ze-ro. Most compositions exhibited release properties closest to zero-order, indicating a concentration-independent drug elution rate. These results in this study explain the relationship between tailored hierarchical architecture and intrinsic ion release rates to enable advanced functionality.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the atomic layer deposited hydroxyapatite (ALD-HA) coating of the titanium (Ti) surface on human gingival keratinocyte (HGK) cell adhesion, spreading, viability, and hemidesmosome (HD) formation. Grade 2 square-shaped Ti substrates were used (n = 62). Half of the substrates were ALD-HA coated, while the other half were used as non-coated controls (NC). The ALD-HA surface was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The initial cell adhesion and HD formation of HGKs were evaluated after a 24-h cultivation period. The cell proliferation was assessed by cultivating cells for 1, 3, and 7 d. The expression levels of the integrin mediating cell adhesion were detected with the Western Blot method. In addition, cell spreading and expression of the proteins mediating cell adhesion were imaged using a confocal microscope. SEM-EDS analysis demonstrated the formation of HA on the ALD-HA surfaces. The relative cell attachment was significantly higher (p < .05) on the ALD-HA compared to the NC surface after 1 and 3 d of cell culture. No significant difference was found in integrin α6 or β4 expression. The microscope evaluation showed significantly increased cell spreading with peripheral HD expression on ALD-HA compared to the NC surfaces (p = .0001). Moreover, laminin γ2 expression was significantly higher on the ALD-HA than on the NC surfaces (p < .001). Compared to the NC Ti surface, the ALD-HA coating has favorable effects on HGK proliferation, growth, and cell spreading. This indicates that the ALD-HA coating has good potential for improving mucosal attachment on implant surfaces.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from cisplatin (Cs) chemotherapy presents a significant challenge in clinical management. The study aimed to fabricate a novel compound Polyvinylpyrrolidone-catechol-derived chitosan nanoconjugates (PCChi-NC) for targeting Cs-induced AKI. Characterization studies utilizing UV-visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR, XRD, and TEM revealed a spherical morphology with diameters ranging from 20 to 60 nm. In vitro assessments utilizing HEK 293 cell lines demonstrated the biocompatibility of PCChi-NC without eliciting toxic effects. Furthermore, PCChi-NC exhibited a notable reduction in Cs-induced cell death in kidney cells, as evidenced by biomarker analysis. Anti-inflammatory analysis of mouse kidney homogenates revealed a decrease in TNF-α and IL-1β levels, indicative of the therapeutic efficacy of PCChi-NC in mitigating Cs-induced kidney inflammation. Moreover, In vivo, experimental analysis was evidenced by stable body weight and histopathological changes in mice. Our findings highlight the potential of PCChi-NC as a promising candidate for targeted therapy in Cs-induced AKI, owing to its unique renal targeting capacity.

This study aims to investigate the effects of adding nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) to electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes for use in dental root regeneration. Porous membranes containing varying amounts of nHA (0, 1, 1.5, and 2.5 wt%) were fabricated using the electrospinning method. The physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of the membranes were evaluated. The synthesized nHA particles had an average size of 52 nm. Electrospun membranes exhibited uniform fibrous morphology with porosities ranging from 56% to 86%. Cyclic thermal stress (5°C-50°C) improved the mechanical properties of the composite membranes, resulting in a decrease in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for pristine PCL from 3 ± 0.12 MPa to 1.7 ± 0.11 MPa, while the UTS for PCL membranes containing 1.5% nHA increased from 3.3 ± 0.30 MPa to 4.18 ± 0.28 MPa. In vitro bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF) showed enhanced apatite formation, particularly after 21 and 28 days. Cytotoxicity assays with MG-63 osteoblast-like cells demonstrated good biological performance. The incorporation of nHA not only improved the mechanical properties but also enhanced the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of the electrospun PCL membranes, making them promising candidates for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) applications.

This study explores the 3D printing of alginate dialdehyde-gelatin (ADA-GEL) inks incorporating phytotherapeutic agents, such as ferulic acid (FA), and silicate mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) at two different concentrations. 3D scaffolds with bioactive properties suitable for bone tissue engineering (TE) were obtained. The degradation and swelling behaviour of films and 3D printed scaffolds indicated an accelerated trend with increasing MBGN content, while FA appeared to stabilize the samples. Determination of the degree of crosslinking validated the increased stability of hydrogels due to the addition of FA and 0.1% (w/v) MBGNs. The incorporation of MBGNs not only improved the effective moduli and conferred bioactive properties through the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on the surface of ADA-GEL-based samples but also enhanced VEGF-A expression of MC3T3-E1 cells. The beneficial impact of FA and low concentrations of MBGNs in ADA-GEL-based inks for 3D (bio)printing applications was corroborated through various printing experiments, resulting in higher printing resolution, as also confirmed by rheological measurements. Cytocompatibility investigations revealed enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell activity and viability. Furthermore, the presence of mineral phases, as confirmed by an in vitro biomineralization assay, and increased ALP activity after 21 days, attributed to the addition of FA and MBGNs, were demonstrated. Considering the acquired structural and biological properties, along with efficient drug delivery capability, enhanced biological activity, and improved 3D printability, the newly developed inks exhibit promising potential for biofabrication and bone TE.

Background: The hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) composite material is a widely used orthopedic implant due to its excellent biocompatibility and plasticity. Recent advancements in cation doping have expanded its potential biological applications. However, conventional HA/PLGA composites are not visible under X-rays post-implantation and have limited osteogenic induction capabilities. Copper (Cu) is known to regulate osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, while gadolinium (Gd) can significantly enhance the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capabilities of materials. Methods: This study aimed to investigate whether incorporating Cu and Gd into an HA/PLGA composite could enhance the osteogenic properties, in vivo bone defect repair, and MRI characteristics. We prepared a Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite and assessed its performance. Results: Material characterization confirmed that Cu/Gd@HA retained the morphology and crystal structure of HA. The Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite exhibited excellent nuclear magnetic imaging capabilities, porosity, and hydrophilicity, which are conducive to cell adhesion and implant detection. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite enhanced the proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells, and upregulated COL-1 and BMP-2 expression at both gene and protein levels. In vivo studies showed that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite maintained strong T1-weighted MRI signals and significantly improved the bone defect healing rate in rats. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composites significantly enhance T1-weighted MRI capabilities, promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro, and accelerate bone defect healing in vivo.

Diabetic patients develop wounds that exhibit delayed healing, prolonged inflammatory responses, and slower epithelialization kinetics compared to non-diabetic patients. Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs) affect approximately 18.6 million people worldwide. The presence of a high glucose microenvironment in DFUs results in the significant accumulation of bacterial infection and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). To solve this, a self-assemble antibacterial nanofiber(ANF) loaded oriential artificial skin (ANF@OAS) was introduced in this research, which is consisted of L/D-phenylalanine derivatives coupled the natural antimicrobial peptides. The ANF@OAS can effectively reduce AGEs production and suppress multiple resistant bacteria. Additionally, the ANF@OAS can suppress infection and stimulate wound healing in infected diabetic mice.