Journal of Biomaterials Applications最新文献

Inflammatory reaction and neovascularization are crucial physiological processes that occur during postoperative wound healing. However, excessive inflammatory response and uncontrolled angiogenesis lead to scar formation, which severely limits the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. Peptide hydrogels were well-established to possess good biocompatibility, inherent biodegradability, extracellular matrix analog property, and high drug loading efficiency. Herein, we examined the potential of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide hydrogel to inhibit inflammation and angiogenesis in vitro experiments. RGD peptide hydrogel exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the inflammatory response by ELISA and western blot and considerable prohibitive effects on neovascularization via inhibiting the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. In this study, we found a novel biomaterial, RGD peptide hydrogel, which has a certain anti-cell proliferation and anti-scarring effect in vitro experiments.

Since conventional antibiotics are almost ineffective on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, designing their antibacterial alternatives is necessary. Besides, the use of vancomycin is applied for specific detection of the bacteria. Silver-incorporated vancomycin-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs@Van@Ag NPs) were designed for detection and treatment of MRSA bacteria. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized through the template method, modified with vancomycin, and finally incorporated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The MSNs@Van@Ag NPs with a homogenously spherical shape, average size of 50-100 nm, surface area of 955.8 m²/g, and thermal stability up to 200°C were successfully characterized. The amount of Ag incorporated into the MSNs@Van@Ag was calculated at 3.9 ppm and the release amount of Ag was received at 2.92 ppm (75%) after 100 h. The in vitro antibacterial susceptibility test showed the MIC of 100 μg mL^-1 for MSNs@Van and 50 μg mL^-1 for MSNs@Van@Ag, showing in vitro enhanced effect of Ag and vancomycin in the bactericidal process. An in vivo acute pneumonia model was performed and biochemical assays and pathological studies confirmed the nanomedicine's short-term safety for in vivo application. Cytokine assay using ELISA showed that MSN@Van@Ag causes a reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial proliferation leading to alleviation of inflammatory response.

Hydrogel-based wound management systems represent a promising avenue in tissue engineering for restoring and preserving the normal functionality of damaged tissues. Incorporating active components into hydrogel matrices enhances their suitability for biomedical applications. In this study, we investigated the integration of l-proline, a nonessential imino acid with largely unexplored roles in living systems, into alginate dialdehyde-gelatin hydrogel for wound healing purposes. Physicochemical properties of the resulting hydrogel film, termed ADAGLP, were meticulously evaluated, including wound healing efficacy in vitro and anti-biofilm activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis provided insights into the interaction between l-proline and ADAG. Films incorporating 0.5% l-proline were selected for comprehensive investigation. Comparative analysis revealed prolonged gelation time and increased water holding capacity of ADAGLP compared to ADAG films. Moreover, ADAGLP exhibited a significantly higher degradation rate (69.5 ± 3.2%) compared to ADAG (35.2 ± 1.6%). Remarkably, ADAGLP demonstrated cyto-compatibility, non-toxicity, and facilitated migration to the scratch area in vitro conditions. Notably, it exhibited potent anti-biofilm properties. Our findings suggest that ADAGLP hydrogel holds promise as a biomaterial for wound care, offering prolonged drug delivery and maintaining optimal moisture levels in wound areas. The incorporation of l-proline in the wound microenvironment may contribute to enhanced tissue remodeling, by inhibiting biofilm formation, further highlighting the potential of this hydrogel system in wound healing applications.

One of the critical factors that determines the biological properties of scaffolds is their structure. Due to the mechanical and structural discrepancies between the target bone and implants, the poor internal architecture design and difficulty in degradation of conventional bone implants may cause several adverse outcomes. To date, many scaffolds, such as 3-D printed sandwich structures, have been successfully developed for the repair of bone defects; however, the steps of these methods are complex and costly. Hydrogels have emerged as a unique scaffold material for repairing bone defects because of their good biocompatibility and excellent physicochemical properties. However, studies exploring bioinspired hydrogel scaffolds with hierarchical structures are scarce. More efforts are needed to incorporate bioinspired structures into hydrogel scaffolds to achieve optimal osteogenic properties. In this study, we developed a low-cost and easily available hydrogel matrix that mimicked the natural structure of the bone's porous sandwich to promote new bone growth and tissue integration. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the microstructure, swelling rate, and mechanical properties of this hydrogel. Furthermore, a 3D finite element analysis was employed to model the structure-property relationship. The results indicate that the sandwich-structured hydrogel is a promising scaffold material for bone injury repair, exhibiting enhanced compressive stress, elastic modulus, energy storage modulus, and superior force transmission.

Hydroxyapatite as a scaffold is capable of producing good bone regeneration formation. Incorporating secretome into scaffolds optimizes the bone healing process. The increase in proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and growth factors is one of the key factors in bone healing. In this study, we measured the levels of IL-6, IL-10, and FGF-2 to determine the effectiveness of bovine hydroxyapatite with secretome from normoxia and hypoxia on bone healing. This animal study employed a pure experimental research design, utilizing a post-test-only control group design. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from rabbit thigh bones were used to derive secretomes under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Bovine bone-derived hydroxyapatite (BHA) was treated with secretomes under both conditions. Rabbits' radius bones were implanted with BHA alone, BHA with normoxic secretome, and BHA with hypoxic secretome, then observed for 30 and 60 days. Levels of IL-6, IL-10, and FGF-2 were examined on days 30 and 60. On the 30th day, there was a significant increase in the levels of FGF-2, IL-6, and IL-10, with a dominance of strongly positive levels in BHA alone. However, on the 60th day, the levels of FGF-2, IL-6, and IL-10 started to decrease in all groups, with a dominance of moderately positive levels. Statistical tests showed significant results in all groups on days 30 and 60 (p < .05). Among the three groups, the best levels of growth factors and pro-inflammatory factors, and the lowest levels of anti-inflammatory factors were found in the BHA alone group on evaluation day 30.

The skin is a tissue constantly exposed to the risk of damage, such as cuts, burns, and genetic disorders. The standard treatment is autograft, but it can cause pain to the patient being extremely complex in patients suffering from burns on large body surfaces. Considering that there is a need to develop technologies for the repair of skin tissue like 3D bioprinting. Skin is a tissue that is approximately 1/16 of the total body weight and has three main layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Therefore, there are several studies using cells, biomaterials, and bioprinting for skin regeneration. Here, we provide an overview of the structure and function of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, and showed in the recent research in skin regeneration, the main cells used, biomaterials studied that provide initial support for these cells, allowing the growth and formation of the neotissue and general characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each methodology and the landmarks in recent research in the 3D skin bioprinting.

Piezoelectric ceramics are piezoelectric materials with polycrystalline structure and have been widely used in many fields such as medical imaging and sound sensors. As knowledge about this kind of material develops, researchers find piezoelectric ceramics possess favorable piezoelectricity, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, porous structure and antibacterial effect and endeavor to apply piezoelectric ceramics to the field of bone tissue engineering. However, clinically no piezoelectric ceramics have been exercised so far. Therefore, in this paper we present a comprehensive review of the research and development of various piezoelectric ceramics including barium titanate, potassium sodium niobate and zinc oxide ceramics and aims to explore the application of piezoelectric ceramics in bone regeneration by providing a detailed overview of the current knowledge and research of piezoelectric ceramics in bone tissue regeneration.

Skin tissue engineering has become an increasingly popular alternative to conventional treatments for skin injuries. Hydrogels, owing to their advantages have become the ideal option for wound dressing, and they are extensively employed in a mixture of different drugs to accelerate wound healing. Sodium alginate is a readily available natural polymer with advantages such as bio-compatibility and a non-toxicological nature that is commonly used in hydrogel form for medical applications such as wound repair and drug delivery in skin regenerative medicine. Losartan is a medicine called angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that can prevent fibrosis by inhibiting AT₁R (angiotensin II type 1 receptor). In this research, for the first time, three-dimensional scaffolds based on cross-linked alginate hydrogel with CaCl₂ containing different concentrations of losartan for slow drug release and exudate absorption were prepared and characterized as wound dressing. Alginate hydrogel was mixed with 10, 1, 0.1, and 0.01 mg/mL of losartan, and their properties such as morphology, chemical structure, water uptake properties, biodegradability, stability assay, rheology, blood compatibility, and cellular response were evaluated. In addition, the therapeutic efficiency of the developed hydrogels was then assessed in an in vitro wound healing model and with a gene expression. The results revealed that the hydrogel produced was very porous (porosity of 47.37 ± 3.76 µm) with interconnected pores and biodegradable (weight loss percentage of 60.93 ± 4.51% over 14 days). All hydrogel formulations have stability under various conditions. The use of CaCl₂ as a cross-linker led to an increase in the viscosity of alginate hydrogels. An in vitro cell growth study revealed that no cytotoxicity was observed at the suggested dosage of the hydrogel. Increases in Losartan dosage, however, caused hemolysis. In vivo study in adult male rats with a full-thickness model showed greater than 80% improvement of the primary wound region after 2 weeks of treatment with alginate hydrogel containing 0.1 mg/mL Losartan. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis showed a decrease in expression level of TGF-β₁ and VEGF in treatment groups. Histological analysis demonstrated that the alginate hydrogel containing Losartan can be effective in wound repair by decreasing the size of the scar and tissue remodeling, as evidenced by future in vivo studies.

Brucellosis is an intracellular infectious disease that is primarily treated with antibacterial therapy. However, most antibacterial drugs struggle to penetrate the cell membrane and may be excluded or inactivated within the cell. In a recent study, researchers developed a nanogel coated with polydopamine (PDA) that responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has enhanced adhesion properties. This nanogel encapsulates photosensitized zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and an antibacterial drug, and is further modified with folic acid (FA) for active targeting. The resulting ROS-responsive nanogel, termed PDA@PMAA@ZnPc@DH-FA, can reach temperatures up to 50°C under near-infrared light, leading to a 72.1% improvement in drug release through increased ROS production. Cell staining confirmed a cell survival rate above 75%, with a low hemolysis rate of only 4.633%, indicating excellent biocompatibility. Furthermore, the study's results showed that the nanogel exhibited stronger killing effects against Brucella compared to administering the drug alone. Under near-infrared irradiation, the nanogel achieved a bacteriostatic rate of 99.8%. The combined approach of photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy offers valuable insights for treating Brucella.