Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210267
W. Cerroni, F. Callegati, B. Martini, P. Castoldi
This paper presents an analytical model to evaluate the performance of an optical wavelength-routed network for inter- and intra-data center interconnection, designed to work according to the cloud computing paradigm. Such a scenario calls for anycast routing of service requests to find a network path that best suits both connectivity and IT resource requirements. The analytical model is based on conventional queuing theory for loss systems combined with an ad-hoc combinatorial analysis of the anycast service alternatives. The model presented here is meant to provide engineering guidelines for data center interconnection networks supporting the cloud paradigm, in particular in terms of performance and cost of resource distribution.
{"title":"Analytical model for anycast service provisioning in data center interconnections","authors":"W. Cerroni, F. Callegati, B. Martini, P. Castoldi","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210267","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analytical model to evaluate the performance of an optical wavelength-routed network for inter- and intra-data center interconnection, designed to work according to the cloud computing paradigm. Such a scenario calls for anycast routing of service requests to find a network path that best suits both connectivity and IT resource requirements. The analytical model is based on conventional queuing theory for loss systems combined with an ad-hoc combinatorial analysis of the anycast service alternatives. The model presented here is meant to provide engineering guidelines for data center interconnection networks supporting the cloud paradigm, in particular in terms of performance and cost of resource distribution.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114214323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210217
G. Sankaran, K. Sivalingam
In this work, we consider a passive optical network (PON) with reduced buffer capacity at the Optical Network Unit (ONU). The objective is to reduce the ONU power consumption by having smaller buffers. This requires that some of the end-nodes packets be buffered at the end-node itself (EN) and some buffered at the ONU. These packets will be used to fill the upstream transmission time slot allotted to the ONU by the optical line terminal (OLT). Thus, the REPORT duration intimated by the ONU to the OLT should consider the EN buffer backlogs. This problem is similar to Minimum Makespan scheduling (MMS) with multiple processors. Since this problem is NP-Hard, we have considered three heuristics for computing the transit queue lengths and three sequencing strategies for filling the buffers at the ONU. With the help of simulation based performance studied, it is observed that the choice of sequencing strategy dominates the network performance followed by the choice of heuristics. The sequencing strategies that aggressively buffer packets at the ONU result in higher packet delay.
{"title":"Reporting in ONUs with reduced buffers","authors":"G. Sankaran, K. Sivalingam","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210217","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we consider a passive optical network (PON) with reduced buffer capacity at the Optical Network Unit (ONU). The objective is to reduce the ONU power consumption by having smaller buffers. This requires that some of the end-nodes packets be buffered at the end-node itself (EN) and some buffered at the ONU. These packets will be used to fill the upstream transmission time slot allotted to the ONU by the optical line terminal (OLT). Thus, the REPORT duration intimated by the ONU to the OLT should consider the EN buffer backlogs. This problem is similar to Minimum Makespan scheduling (MMS) with multiple processors. Since this problem is NP-Hard, we have considered three heuristics for computing the transit queue lengths and three sequencing strategies for filling the buffers at the ONU. With the help of simulation based performance studied, it is observed that the choice of sequencing strategy dominates the network performance followed by the choice of heuristics. The sequencing strategies that aggressively buffer packets at the ONU result in higher packet delay.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115658950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210191
Yan Shi, C. Okonkwo, A. Koonen, E. Tangdiongga
In this paper we present an in-home optical network infrastructure based on 1-mm core diameter plastic optical fibre. Both bus and star topologies based point-to-multipoint (P2MP) infrastructures to deliver ultra wideband (UWB) radio signals are presented. The system complexity and cost are compared and discussed considering real application environments. A detailed experimental study on the performance of the two infrastructures using ultra-wide band signal delivery is carried out, indicating the feasibility of plastic optical fibre solutions for low-cost in-home optical networks.
{"title":"Large-core plastic optical fibre based in-home optical networks","authors":"Yan Shi, C. Okonkwo, A. Koonen, E. Tangdiongga","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210191","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present an in-home optical network infrastructure based on 1-mm core diameter plastic optical fibre. Both bus and star topologies based point-to-multipoint (P2MP) infrastructures to deliver ultra wideband (UWB) radio signals are presented. The system complexity and cost are compared and discussed considering real application environments. A detailed experimental study on the performance of the two infrastructures using ultra-wide band signal delivery is carried out, indicating the feasibility of plastic optical fibre solutions for low-cost in-home optical networks.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116685731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210196
Xiao-Sheng Dong, A. Lawey, T. El-Gorashi, J. Elmirghani
In this paper, we optimize core networks to minimize the embodied energy and the operational energy and introduce two measures for energy minimization in core content distribution networks: data compression in optical networks and locality in P2P networks. We investigate the impact of taking the embodied energy of network devices into account in the physical topology optimization and compare it to optimizing the physical topology considering operational energy only. The results show significant embodied energy savings up to 59%, resulting in a total energy saving of 47%. We also investigate energy-efficient data compression for optical networks and how to achieve a trade-off between the power consumption of computational resources and memory required to compress and decompress data and the network power savings. The results show that optimizing the data compression ratios in IP over WDM networks considering the non-bypass approach has saved up to 55% of the network's power consumption. Furthermore, we evaluate the power consumption of BitTorrent, the most popular P2P content distribution protocol, over IP over WDM networks and compare it to client/server (C/S) systems. The results reveal that the power-minimized BitTorrent converges to locality in order to achieve lower power consumption, resulting in 36% power savings compared to the C/S model.
本文通过对核心网络进行优化，使核心内容分发网络的隐含能量和运行能量最小化，并引入光网络中的数据压缩和P2P网络中的局部性两种能量最小化措施。我们研究了在物理拓扑优化中考虑网络设备的隐含能量的影响，并将其与仅考虑运行能量的物理拓扑优化进行了比较。结果显示显著节能高达59%，导致总节能47%。我们还研究了光网络的节能数据压缩，以及如何在压缩和解压缩数据所需的计算资源和内存功耗与网络功耗之间实现权衡。结果表明，考虑非旁路方法优化IP over WDM网络的数据压缩比可节省高达55%的网络功耗。此外，我们评估了最流行的P2P内容分发协议BitTorrent在IP over WDM网络上的功耗，并将其与客户端/服务器(C/S)系统进行比较。结果表明，功率最小化的BitTorrent收敛于局域性，以实现更低的功耗，与C/S模型相比节省了36%的功耗。
{"title":"Energy-efficient core networks","authors":"Xiao-Sheng Dong, A. Lawey, T. El-Gorashi, J. Elmirghani","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210196","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we optimize core networks to minimize the embodied energy and the operational energy and introduce two measures for energy minimization in core content distribution networks: data compression in optical networks and locality in P2P networks. We investigate the impact of taking the embodied energy of network devices into account in the physical topology optimization and compare it to optimizing the physical topology considering operational energy only. The results show significant embodied energy savings up to 59%, resulting in a total energy saving of 47%. We also investigate energy-efficient data compression for optical networks and how to achieve a trade-off between the power consumption of computational resources and memory required to compress and decompress data and the network power savings. The results show that optimizing the data compression ratios in IP over WDM networks considering the non-bypass approach has saved up to 55% of the network's power consumption. Furthermore, we evaluate the power consumption of BitTorrent, the most popular P2P content distribution protocol, over IP over WDM networks and compare it to client/server (C/S) systems. The results reveal that the power-minimized BitTorrent converges to locality in order to achieve lower power consumption, resulting in 36% power savings compared to the C/S model.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122320072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210178
M. Savi, H. Øverby, N. Stol, C. Raffaelli
This paper presents a new wavelength converter sharing scheme for buffer-less switching fabrics, named Shared-Per-Wavelength-Pair (SPWP). In SPWP fixed wavelength converters are organized into different pools, each characterized by a fixed input and output wavelength pair. Packet contention is solved by assigning incoming packets to wavelength converter pools with proper wavelength pair. The SPWP scheme is evaluated and compared to the well-known Shared-Per-Node scheme, which employs tunable wavelength converters. A simple cost model which includes also time analysis in relation to the maturity stage of the optical components has been applied. Packet loss, complexity, and overall cost have been evaluated highlighting how the SPWP can be less expensive than or comparable to SPN in many configurations, while providing the same performance.
本文提出了一种新的无缓冲交换结构的波长转换器共享方案，称为每波长对共享(shared - per wavelength - pair, SPWP)。在SPWP中，固定波长转换器被组织成不同的池，每个池具有固定的输入和输出波长对。通过将入站数据包分配到具有适当波长对的波长转换池中来解决分组争用问题。对SPWP方案进行了评估，并与众所周知的采用可调谐波长转换器的每节点共享方案进行了比较。采用了一个简单的成本模型，其中还包括与光学元件成熟阶段有关的时间分析。对丢包、复杂性和总体成本进行了评估，强调了SPWP在许多配置中如何比SPN更便宜或与之相当，同时提供相同的性能。
{"title":"Loss, complexity and cost analysis of an optical switching fabric using fixed converters","authors":"M. Savi, H. Øverby, N. Stol, C. Raffaelli","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210178","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new wavelength converter sharing scheme for buffer-less switching fabrics, named Shared-Per-Wavelength-Pair (SPWP). In SPWP fixed wavelength converters are organized into different pools, each characterized by a fixed input and output wavelength pair. Packet contention is solved by assigning incoming packets to wavelength converter pools with proper wavelength pair. The SPWP scheme is evaluated and compared to the well-known Shared-Per-Node scheme, which employs tunable wavelength converters. A simple cost model which includes also time analysis in relation to the maturity stage of the optical components has been applied. Packet loss, complexity, and overall cost have been evaluated highlighting how the SPWP can be less expensive than or comparable to SPN in many configurations, while providing the same performance.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122678039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210281
A. Muhammad, C. Cavdar, P. Monti
Emerging, on-demand applications (e.g., Interactive video, ultra-high definition TV, backup storage and grid computing) are gaining momentum and are becoming increasingly important. Given the high bandwidth required by these applications, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks are seen as the natural choice for their transport technology. Among the various on-line strategies proposed to provision such services, the ones based on service level agreement (SLA) metrics such as setup delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness showed a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. However, in a scenario where connection requests are grouped in different service classes, the provisioning success rate might be unbalanced towards those connection requests with less stringent requirements, i.e., not all the connection requests are treated in a fair way. This paper addresses the problem of how to guarantee the signal quality and the fair provisioning of different service classes, where each class corresponds to a specified target of quality of transmission (QoT). With this objective in mind three fair scheduling algorithms are proposed in a dynamic traffic scenario, each one combining in a different way the concept of both set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness. Proposed solutions are specifically taylored to facilitate the provisioning of the most stringent service class so as to balance the success rate among the different classes. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approaches are able to guarantee a fair treatment reaching up to 99% in terms of Jain's fairness index, considering the per-class success ratio, without compromising the improvements in terms of overall network blocking probability.
{"title":"Fair scheduling of dynamically provisioned WDM connections with differentiated signal quality","authors":"A. Muhammad, C. Cavdar, P. Monti","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210281","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging, on-demand applications (e.g., Interactive video, ultra-high definition TV, backup storage and grid computing) are gaining momentum and are becoming increasingly important. Given the high bandwidth required by these applications, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks are seen as the natural choice for their transport technology. Among the various on-line strategies proposed to provision such services, the ones based on service level agreement (SLA) metrics such as setup delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness showed a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. However, in a scenario where connection requests are grouped in different service classes, the provisioning success rate might be unbalanced towards those connection requests with less stringent requirements, i.e., not all the connection requests are treated in a fair way. This paper addresses the problem of how to guarantee the signal quality and the fair provisioning of different service classes, where each class corresponds to a specified target of quality of transmission (QoT). With this objective in mind three fair scheduling algorithms are proposed in a dynamic traffic scenario, each one combining in a different way the concept of both set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness. Proposed solutions are specifically taylored to facilitate the provisioning of the most stringent service class so as to balance the success rate among the different classes. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approaches are able to guarantee a fair treatment reaching up to 99% in terms of Jain's fairness index, considering the per-class success ratio, without compromising the improvements in terms of overall network blocking probability.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114515145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210201
O. Ntofon, D. Simeonidou, D. Hunter
A key driver for the evolution of Future Media Networks (FMNs) is the emergence of beyond High Definition (HD) media formats. These formats impose far greater demands on networks for high-capacity, low latency and stringent Quality-of-Service (QoS) compared to other existing formats. In addition, their data-intensiveness will require real-time interconnection of multiple, possibly distributed, high performance media processing and storage resources. To cater to this, novel networked architectures are required. In this paper, we propose a cloud-based architecture for the deployment of FMNs over intelligent optical networks. The key requirements of FMNs are identified and we discuss the features of our proposed architecture which meet these requirements. We formulate Integer Linear Programs (ILP) which model Non-adaptive and Adaptive Media- and Network-aware schedulers for the implementation of media streaming applications over our architecture. These models aim to maximize the number of jobs provisioned while ensuring the serving network is never overloaded. Results obtained from evaluations show the adaptive service implementation outperforms its non-adaptive counterpart in terms of number of jobs provisioned and overall Quality-of-Experience (QoE) offered by the infrastructure.
{"title":"Cloud-based architecture for deploying ultra-high-definition media over intelligent optical networks","authors":"O. Ntofon, D. Simeonidou, D. Hunter","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210201","url":null,"abstract":"A key driver for the evolution of Future Media Networks (FMNs) is the emergence of beyond High Definition (HD) media formats. These formats impose far greater demands on networks for high-capacity, low latency and stringent Quality-of-Service (QoS) compared to other existing formats. In addition, their data-intensiveness will require real-time interconnection of multiple, possibly distributed, high performance media processing and storage resources. To cater to this, novel networked architectures are required. In this paper, we propose a cloud-based architecture for the deployment of FMNs over intelligent optical networks. The key requirements of FMNs are identified and we discuss the features of our proposed architecture which meet these requirements. We formulate Integer Linear Programs (ILP) which model Non-adaptive and Adaptive Media- and Network-aware schedulers for the implementation of media streaming applications over our architecture. These models aim to maximize the number of jobs provisioned while ensuring the serving network is never overloaded. Results obtained from evaluations show the adaptive service implementation outperforms its non-adaptive counterpart in terms of number of jobs provisioned and overall Quality-of-Experience (QoE) offered by the infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125995317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210265
Xiaomin Chen, A. Jukan, A. Gumaste
Parallel transmission in the optical layer can enable a scalable network migration from low speed interfaces to high speed serial interfaces, such as 100Gbps Ethernet, as they become available. It is based on the principle of inverse-multiplexing which distributes high speed data stream into multiple low rate optical paths. The main challenge in parallel transmission is the differential delay experienced by different paths. Thus so far, electronic buffering has been widely used to compensate for differential delay. However, at very high speed line rates, such as 40Gbps or even 100Gbps, electronic buffering maybe a challenge. In this paper, we study the usage of Fiber Delay Lines (FDLs) for compensation of differential delay in optical parallel transmission in support of high speed Ethernet services. To this end, we formulate the problem of optimal usage of FDLs in optical networks an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem. The results are encouraging as they show that discrete nature of delay provided by FDL buffers is not as limiting as expected, and that FDLs carry potential to enable optical parallel transmission without the need to provide large electronic buffers.
{"title":"On the usage of FDLs in optical parallel transmission to support high speed Ethernet","authors":"Xiaomin Chen, A. Jukan, A. Gumaste","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210265","url":null,"abstract":"Parallel transmission in the optical layer can enable a scalable network migration from low speed interfaces to high speed serial interfaces, such as 100Gbps Ethernet, as they become available. It is based on the principle of inverse-multiplexing which distributes high speed data stream into multiple low rate optical paths. The main challenge in parallel transmission is the differential delay experienced by different paths. Thus so far, electronic buffering has been widely used to compensate for differential delay. However, at very high speed line rates, such as 40Gbps or even 100Gbps, electronic buffering maybe a challenge. In this paper, we study the usage of Fiber Delay Lines (FDLs) for compensation of differential delay in optical parallel transmission in support of high speed Ethernet services. To this end, we formulate the problem of optimal usage of FDLs in optical networks an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem. The results are encouraging as they show that discrete nature of delay provided by FDL buffers is not as limiting as expected, and that FDLs carry potential to enable optical parallel transmission without the need to provide large electronic buffers.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131774909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210213
A. Giorgetti, F. Cugini, F. Paolucci, P. Castoldi
The GMPLS protocol suite, originally designed to fully operate in a distributed fashion, is currently the reference control plane for WSONs. Recently, the requirement of effective traffic engineering solutions has lead to the standardization of the PCE architecture, thus joining the distributed GMPLS control plane with a centralized network element devoted to path computation. However, the common need of network carriers to keep the network under a centralized control in strict relationship with the NMS has prevented the wide deployment of GMPLS in currently working optical networks. OpenFlow proposal has been recently designed for controlling Ethernet-based access/metro networks. However, thanks to its potential ability of configuring the flow table of generic switching nodes, the OpenFlow extension for enabling the control of WSONs is currently a hot research topic. In this work, OpenFlow is seen as a promising alternative for controlling WSONs. In particular, two OpenFlow-based solutions are considered and compared against GMPLS. The first solution comprises direct configuration of the optical nodes and extends OpenFlow protocol to improve the lightpath reservation. The second solution integrates OpenFlow with GMPLS protocols exploiting communication between the OpenFlow controller and the GMPLS controller of optical nodes. Simulations results show the ability of the OpenFlow-based solutions to enable traffic engineering while providing fast lightpath setup and assuring control plane scalability.
{"title":"OpenFlow and PCE architectures in Wavelength Switched Optical Networks","authors":"A. Giorgetti, F. Cugini, F. Paolucci, P. Castoldi","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210213","url":null,"abstract":"The GMPLS protocol suite, originally designed to fully operate in a distributed fashion, is currently the reference control plane for WSONs. Recently, the requirement of effective traffic engineering solutions has lead to the standardization of the PCE architecture, thus joining the distributed GMPLS control plane with a centralized network element devoted to path computation. However, the common need of network carriers to keep the network under a centralized control in strict relationship with the NMS has prevented the wide deployment of GMPLS in currently working optical networks. OpenFlow proposal has been recently designed for controlling Ethernet-based access/metro networks. However, thanks to its potential ability of configuring the flow table of generic switching nodes, the OpenFlow extension for enabling the control of WSONs is currently a hot research topic. In this work, OpenFlow is seen as a promising alternative for controlling WSONs. In particular, two OpenFlow-based solutions are considered and compared against GMPLS. The first solution comprises direct configuration of the optical nodes and extends OpenFlow protocol to improve the lightpath reservation. The second solution integrates OpenFlow with GMPLS protocols exploiting communication between the OpenFlow controller and the GMPLS controller of optical nodes. Simulations results show the ability of the OpenFlow-based solutions to enable traffic engineering while providing fast lightpath setup and assuring control plane scalability.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124397830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-17DOI: 10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210199
C. Politi, V. Anagnostopoulos, C. Matrakidis, A. Stavdas
Routing in dynamic future optical networks will depend on the underlying technology and more specifically on whether standard grid or flexi-grid technology will be used. In particular for dynamic flexi-grid networks resource allocation and routing concerns both path establishment and allocation of specific spectrum which in turn relates to the modulation format of the transmitted signals. Moreover if variable bandwidth transponders are utilized simultaneous optimization of allocated spectrum and transponder reach should be performed. In this paper we investigate the benefits of flexi-grid technology with variable bandwidth transponders regarding blocking performance and spectral efficiency when compared to the standard-grid counterpart.
{"title":"Routing in dynamic future flexi-grid optical networks","authors":"C. Politi, V. Anagnostopoulos, C. Matrakidis, A. Stavdas","doi":"10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210199","url":null,"abstract":"Routing in dynamic future optical networks will depend on the underlying technology and more specifically on whether standard grid or flexi-grid technology will be used. In particular for dynamic flexi-grid networks resource allocation and routing concerns both path establishment and allocation of specific spectrum which in turn relates to the modulation format of the transmitted signals. Moreover if variable bandwidth transponders are utilized simultaneous optimization of allocated spectrum and transponder reach should be performed. In this paper we investigate the benefits of flexi-grid technology with variable bandwidth transponders regarding blocking performance and spectral efficiency when compared to the standard-grid counterpart.","PeriodicalId":151401,"journal":{"name":"2012 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling (ONDM)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114416745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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