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Effects of a 6-week Hike on Physical Activity Levels, Psycholog ical Wellbeing and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors 6周徒步旅行对乳腺癌幸存者身体活动水平、心理健康和生活质量的影响
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000538
F. Baumann, O. Bieck, M. Strunk, N. Reimer, E. Zopf, W. Bloch, S. Han
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引用次数: 0
MicroRNAs as a Potential Target for Cancer Therapy MicroRNAs作为癌症治疗的潜在靶点
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000535
A. Mekuria, Abraham Degaga Abdi, K. M. Mishore
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by several mechanisms. Deregulation in expression of miRNAs has been reported in the pathogenesis of cancer. Accordingly, studies identified down regulation in the expression of miRNAs having tumor suppressor role and up-regulation in the expression of oncogenic miRNAs in different types of cancer. In response to these observations currently there are ongoing efforts to develop safe and effective miRNA-based therapeutics in the hope of fighting against cancer. This paper aimed at reviewing the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis, and strategies for therapeutic targeting of miRNAs in cancer.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs)是进化保守的小非编码rna,通过多种机制负调控基因表达。在癌症的发病机制中已经报道了mirna表达的失调。因此,研究发现,在不同类型的癌症中,具有抑瘤作用的mirna表达下调,致癌mirna表达上调。针对这些观察结果,目前正在努力开发安全有效的基于mirna的治疗方法,以期与癌症作斗争。本文旨在综述mirna在肿瘤发生中的作用,以及mirna在肿瘤治疗中的靶向策略。
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引用次数: 3
Impact of a Screening Program in the Diagnosis, Surgical Treatm ent and Management of Breast Cancer 筛查项目对乳腺癌诊断、手术治疗和管理的影响
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000537
I. Lete, M. Aguiar, Arguine Andonegui, Nagore Zeberio, M. Cuadra, J. Mendizabal, J. Gorostiaga
Introduction: The effects of early detection on treatment need to be evaluated. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the Basque breast cancer early detection program (BCEDP) on breast cancer surgery in our hospital. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of women who underwent surgery for breast cancer between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016. Participants were classified into: Group A, those referred from the screening program after routine mammography; or group B, those referred from primary care or other gynecological clinics within our health region. Results: In the study period, 630 women were diagnosed with and treated for breast cancer. Their mean age was 60.2 years (standard deviation 5.4). Out of these, 220 (35%) referred from the BCEDP formed group A, the other 410 women (65%) forming group B. Invasive cancer was diagnosed in 185 women in group A (84%) and in 370 (90.2%) in group B (p=0.02). Regarding treatment, mastectomies were carried out in 47 women (21.4%) in Group A and 225 (54.9%) in group B (p<0.001); axillary lymphadenectomies were performed in 31 women (14.1%) in Group A and 83 (20.2%) in Group B, (p=0.02); and adjuvant chemotherapy was given in 66 women (30%) in Group A and 148 (36.1%) in Group B (p<0.001). Conclusion: In our setting, breast cancer patients referred through the BCEDP have earlier stage cancer, can be expected to benefit from less radical surgery, have lower proportion of axillary lymph node involvement and require less adjuvant chemotherapy.
引言:早期发现对治疗的影响有待评估。本研究的目的是评估巴斯克乳腺癌早期检测项目(BCEDP)对我院乳腺癌手术的影响。材料和方法:对2015年1月1日至2016年12月31日期间接受乳腺癌手术的女性进行回顾性研究。参与者分为:A组,在常规乳房x光检查后从筛查项目转介的患者;或B组,从我们卫生区域内的初级保健或其他妇科诊所转诊的患者。结果:在研究期间,有630名女性被诊断患有乳腺癌并接受了治疗。平均年龄60.2岁(标准差5.4)。其中,来自BCEDP的220人(35%)组成了A组,其他410名女性(65%)组成了B组。A组中有185名女性(84%)被诊断为浸润性癌症,B组中有370名(90.2%)被诊断为浸润性癌症(p=0.02)。治疗方面,A组47例(21.4%)行乳房切除术,B组225例(54.9%)行乳房切除术(p<0.001);A组行腋窝淋巴结切除术31例(14.1%),B组行腋窝淋巴结切除术83例(20.2%),差异有统计学意义(p=0.02);A组66例(30%),B组148例(36.1%)接受辅助化疗(p<0.001)。结论:在我们的情况下,通过BCEDP转诊的乳腺癌患者是早期癌症,可以预期从较少的根治性手术中获益,腋窝淋巴结受累率较低,需要较少的辅助化疗。
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引用次数: 0
Current and Future Developments of PARP Inhibitors in the Treat ment of Breast and Ovarian Cancer PARP抑制剂治疗乳腺癌和卵巢癌的现状和未来发展
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000542
Dieuwke Luijten, M. Vreeswijk, Ingrid Boere, J. Kroep
The use of Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors has recently been expanded. PARP inhibitors were initially only registered for patients with BRCA mutated high-grade serous epithelial ovarian, including primary peritoneal and fallopian tube cancer (EOC). Currently, PARP inhibitors are also registered for patients with recurrent EOC who are in a complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy, irrespective of their BRCA status. Current findings indicate that patients with BRCA mutations and/or a BRCA like tumour defined by a BRCAness profile, benefit the most. Combination therapies of PARP inhibitors with immunotherapy and/or angiogenesis inhibitors are fast evolving and studied from first line therapy to recurrent disease. This review summarizes the current findings, obstacles and future developments of PARP inhibitor with a focus on female cancer.
聚adp核糖聚合酶(PARP)抑制剂的使用最近得到了扩展。PARP抑制剂最初仅用于BRCA突变的高级别浆液上皮性卵巢癌患者,包括原发性腹膜和输卵管癌(EOC)。目前,PARP抑制剂也被注册用于复发性EOC患者,这些患者对铂类化疗有完全或部分反应,无论其BRCA状态如何。目前的研究结果表明,BRCA突变和/或BRCA样肿瘤的患者受益最大。PARP抑制剂与免疫疗法和/或血管生成抑制剂的联合治疗正在快速发展,并从一线治疗到复发性疾病的研究。本文就PARP抑制剂的研究现状、存在的障碍及未来发展进行综述,并以女性肿瘤为重点。
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引用次数: 0
RNA Expression of Cytochrome P450 and its Clinical Impact in Breast Cancer Patients 细胞色素P450在乳腺癌患者中的RNA表达及其临床意义
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000557
Kanakaiah Thota, K. Prasad, M. Rao
Objectives: The expression pattern of cytochrome P450 genes (CYPs) affected by tumorigenesis may have an important role in the progression of cancer and in the metabolism of anticancer drugs. The aim of the present study was to determine the mRNA expression pattern of two cytochrome P450 genes (CYP3A4, and CYP3A5) in breast cancer patients. Methods: Tumor samples were collected from 38 patients recently diagnosed with breast cancer along with corresponding non-malignant tissues. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify the levels of gene expression in all the samples. The association between CYPs expression and clinico-pathological parameters was also analyzed. Results: In the present study, our results showed that CYP3A5 gene expression was not significantly associated with breast cancer (p=0.14). Significant differences in CYP3A4 mRNA expression were observed between tumor tissue and the corresponding normal tissue (p<0.003). There was no statistical difference between CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 expression and clinical and pathological features. Conclusion: CYP3A4 expression has a potential role as a breast cancer prognosis marker. We conclude that increased expression levels of the examined CYP3A4 may promote breast cancer progression and also may associate with resistance to drug treatment by inactivation of anticancer drugs. Moreover, one potential therapeutic approach may be to block CYP3A4 function.
目的:细胞色素P450基因(CYPs)的表达模式受肿瘤发生的影响,可能在肿瘤的进展和抗癌药物的代谢中起重要作用。本研究的目的是确定两种细胞色素P450基因(CYP3A4和CYP3A5)在乳腺癌患者中的mRNA表达模式。方法:选取38例新近确诊的乳腺癌患者的肿瘤标本及相应的非恶性组织。采用定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)定量分析各样本基因表达水平。我们还分析了CYPs表达与临床病理参数的关系。结果:在本研究中,我们的研究结果显示CYP3A5基因表达与乳腺癌无显著相关性(p=0.14)。肿瘤组织与正常组织CYP3A4 mRNA表达差异有统计学意义(p<0.003)。CYP3A4与CYP3A5表达及临床病理特征差异无统计学意义。结论:CYP3A4表达可能是乳腺癌预后指标。我们得出结论,CYP3A4表达水平的增加可能促进乳腺癌的进展,也可能与抗癌药物失活对药物治疗的耐药性有关。此外,一种潜在的治疗方法可能是阻断CYP3A4功能。
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引用次数: 0
Tumor Immunology: Uncovering Relationship Between Cancer and Immune System 肿瘤免疫学:揭示肿瘤与免疫系统的关系
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000568
Y. H. A. Montenegro, A. D. Ramos, G. C. L. Silva
Yorran Hardman Araújo Montenegro1*, Anderson dos Santos Ramos2 and Geilza Carla de Lima Silva3 1Department of Biological Sciences at the State University of Paraíba, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology (LGBM), Brazil 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba, Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Brazil 3Department of Applied Biology to Health, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil
Yorran Hardman Araújo黑山1*,Anderson dos Santos Ramos2和Geilza Carla de Lima Silva3 1巴西国立大学生物科学系Paraíba,巴西遗传与分子生物学实验室(LGBM) 2巴西联邦大学细胞与分子生物学学系Paraíba,巴西分子生物学应用于健康实验室3巴西伯南布哥联邦大学(UFPE)应用生物学应用于健康学系,免疫病理学实验室Keizo Asami (LIKA)巴西
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引用次数: 0
Cetuximab Induced Aseptic Meningitis: A Rare Side Effect 西妥昔单抗诱发无菌性脑膜炎:一种罕见的副作用
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000546
S. Kaur, H. Khatun, Abhishek Kumar, M. Ellis, D. Mehta, G. Guron
A 65-year-old African American female was diagnosed with laryngeal cancer (T1N2M0) in August 2015. She received platinum-based chemotherapy initially. After an initial remission patient had a systemic recurrence which was treated with Cetuximab. The patient presented to ER six hours after receiving the first dose of cetuximab with high grade fever and signs of meningeal irritation. CSF analysis showed neutrophil predominant pleocytosis with negative gram stain and culture. It was concluded that the patient had cetuximab induced aseptic meningitis. The patient was re-challenged with lower dose of cetuximab which was tolerated well. Cetuximab induced aseptic meningitis is a rare side effect reported in handful of cases.
一名65岁非裔美国女性于2015年8月被诊断为喉癌(T1N2M0)。她最初接受了铂类化疗。最初缓解后,患者出现全身复发,用西妥昔单抗治疗。患者在接受第一剂西妥昔单抗6小时后出现高热和脑膜刺激迹象。脑脊液分析显示中性粒细胞为主,革兰氏染色及培养阴性。结论为西妥昔单抗所致无菌性脑膜炎。患者再次接受低剂量西妥昔单抗,耐受性良好。西妥昔单抗引起的无菌性脑膜炎是一种罕见的副作用报道在少数情况下。
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引用次数: 1
EGFR Primary T790M and L858R Double Mutation Confers Clinical Benefit to Erlotinib and Resistance to Osimertinib in One Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient: A Case Report 1例肺腺癌患者EGFR原发性T790M和L858R双突变对厄洛替尼和奥西替尼耐药有临床益处
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000569
Xiao-ying Zhao
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引用次数: 2
Assessment of Minimal Residual Disease by Flow Cytometry in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and its Correlation with Treatment Outcome 流式细胞术评估急性髓系白血病微小残留病变及其与治疗结果的相关性
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000545
Elsalakawy Wa, Abdelbary Hm, Youssef, Abdelmohsen Ea
Copyright: © 2018 Elsalakawy WA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Assessment of Minimal Residual Disease by Flow Cytometry in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and its Correlation with Treatment Outcome
版权所有:©2018 Elsalakawy WA, et al。这是一篇根据知识共享署名许可协议发布的开放获取文章,该协议允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制,前提是要注明原作者和来源。流式细胞术评估急性髓系白血病微小残留病变及其与治疗结果的相关性
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引用次数: 0
Identifying Lynch Syndrome in Two Families with Classical Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome Phenotype: A Case Report 两个经典遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌综合征表型家族的Lynch综合征鉴定:1例报告
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000550
S. Bujassoum, R. Alsulaiman, H. Elmalik, Kulssom Junejo, A. Mahfouz, H. Farghaly
Introduction: Although the consideration of breast cancer as spectrum of Lynch syndrome has not been clearly delineated, multigene panel studies suggest that individuals with Lynch syndrome may have an increased risk for breast cancer and may present with a Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (HBOC) phenotype. In this case report, we present two cases who presented to the genetics clinic with classical HBOC phenotype and who didn’t meet Lynch syndrome testing criteria and were later found to be negative for BRCA mutations but positive for Lynch syndrome through multigene panel testing. Case 1: A 57-years-old French-Canadian female with high grade serous ovarian cancer with intact MMR nuclear expression and family history of young onset breast cancer was referred to the genetics clinic to be evaluated for HBOC. The patient was later found to be negative for BRCA mutations but positive for a pathogenic mutation in the MSH2 gene through multigene panel. Case 2: A 59-years-old unaffected patient of Ashkenazi Jewish descent with bilateral fibrocystic breast who presented to our clinic with family history of young onset breast and gastric cancers. Through multi-gene panel, the patient was found to be negative for BRCA genes mutations but positive for a pathogenic mutation in the PMS2 gene. Discussion and Conclusion: This report draws the attention on the importance of multigene panels in identifying individuals with Lynch syndrome who present with HBOC like phenotype. In addition, it suggests that the current Lynch syndrome diagnostic criteria’s may not be sufficiently sensitive in identifying MMR mutations in HBOC like families who might miss the opportunity from being identified and benefit from risk reducing strategies, targeted therapies and reproductive options. We therefore suggest a re-consideration of the available Lynch syndrome testing criteria’s and we suggest that MMR testing to be considered in families with breast and ovarian cancer and HBOC like phenotype.
虽然乳腺癌作为Lynch综合征谱系的考虑尚未明确界定,但多基因小组研究表明,Lynch综合征患者患乳腺癌的风险可能增加,并可能表现为遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌综合征(HBOC)表型。在本病例报告中,我们报告了两例以经典HBOC表型就诊的遗传学诊所患者,他们不符合Lynch综合征检测标准,后来通过多基因小组检测发现BRCA突变为阴性,但Lynch综合征为阳性。病例1:一名57岁法裔加拿大女性,患有高级别浆液性卵巢癌,MMR核表达完整,有年轻发病乳腺癌家族史,被转介到遗传学诊所进行HBOC评估。该患者后来通过多基因面板发现BRCA突变呈阴性,但MSH2基因致病性突变呈阳性。病例2:一名未受影响的59岁德系犹太血统双侧纤维囊性乳腺癌患者,其家族史为年轻发病的乳腺癌和胃癌。通过多基因面板,发现患者BRCA基因突变为阴性,PMS2基因致病性突变为阳性。讨论与结论:本报告强调了多基因面板在识别具有HBOC样表型的Lynch综合征患者中的重要性。此外,这表明目前的Lynch综合征诊断标准在识别HBOC中MMR突变方面可能不够敏感,这些家庭可能会错过被识别的机会,并从降低风险的策略、靶向治疗和生殖选择中获益。因此,我们建议重新考虑现有的Lynch综合征检测标准,并建议在患有乳腺癌、卵巢癌和HBOC样表型的家庭中考虑MMR检测。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy
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