Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000544
G. Nam, Seung Je Lee, G. Kim, M. Jeon, Kyung-Jo Jo, Y. Park, Sang-Yong Kim, Young-Min Kim
Allium hookeri is a traditional plant to treat inflammatory diseases in India and Myanmar. Allium hookeri has anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties. However, till date, apoptotic mechanisms of Allium hookeri extract (AHE) were not investigated yet. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the apoptotic effects of AHE in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells. We confirmed the anti-proliferative activity and apoptotic effects of AHE by MTT assay and Annexin-V staining. In addition, treatment with AHE reduced the expression level of p-Akt. Akt plays an important role in cancer cell survival, growth, and division. Akt down-regulates apoptosis-mediated proteins, such as antiapoptotic proteins. Moreover, AHE increases expression level of tumor suppressor p53 and pro-apoptotic proteins. We treated LY294002 (inhibitor of Akt) and rapamycin (inhibitor of mTOR), pifitrin-α (p53 inhibitor) to determine the relationship between signal transduction of proteins associated with apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicate that AHE could induce apoptosis in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells.
{"title":"The Extracts from Allium hookeri induces p53-independent Apoptosis through Mitochondrial Intrinsic Pathways in AGS Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells","authors":"G. Nam, Seung Je Lee, G. Kim, M. Jeon, Kyung-Jo Jo, Y. Park, Sang-Yong Kim, Young-Min Kim","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000544","url":null,"abstract":"Allium hookeri is a traditional plant to treat inflammatory diseases in India and Myanmar. Allium hookeri has anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties. However, till date, apoptotic mechanisms of Allium hookeri extract (AHE) were not investigated yet. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the apoptotic effects of AHE in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells. We confirmed the anti-proliferative activity and apoptotic effects of AHE by MTT assay and Annexin-V staining. In addition, treatment with AHE reduced the expression level of p-Akt. Akt plays an important role in cancer cell survival, growth, and division. Akt down-regulates apoptosis-mediated proteins, such as antiapoptotic proteins. Moreover, AHE increases expression level of tumor suppressor p53 and pro-apoptotic proteins. We treated LY294002 (inhibitor of Akt) and rapamycin (inhibitor of mTOR), pifitrin-α (p53 inhibitor) to determine the relationship between signal transduction of proteins associated with apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicate that AHE could induce apoptosis in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88768229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000549
Suganthi Jeyasingh, Malathy Veluchamy
{"title":"Polytomous Logistic Regression Based Random Forest Classifier for Diagnosing Cancer Disease","authors":"Suganthi Jeyasingh, Malathy Veluchamy","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82627547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000573
A. Visser, A. Vennix, M. Doef
1.1 Objective: To study the impact of changes in national healthcare legislation and financial cuts by insurance companies on inflow of clients and their evaluation in psycho-oncological aftercare. These legislation changes and financial cuts did lead to a more complex in-take processes and less free-of-charge psycho-oncological care against higher costs. The psychosocial care concerns individual, cognitive behavioural, and art therapy. 1.2 Method: Two groups of clients were formed, based on financial policy cuts in 2012/2013 (N=334) and 2014/2015 (N=360). Data was part of the annual evaluation by De Vruchtenburg (Psycho-oncological Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands). The questionnaire was filled at home after the therapy, returned postage free. Analyses applied ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and MANOVA tests. 1.3 Results: Results showed that due legislation changes and financial cuts fewer cancer clients visited the centre in 2014/2015 as compared to 2012/2013. In 2014/2015, clients were more frequently women, relatives and older patients, got therapy longer time after medical diagnoses, with more unknown prognosis. The measures led to delay in seeking psycho-oncological care. Clients in 2014/2015 evaluated more negatively their treatment compared to 2012/2013, regarding information about therapy, participation in choosing fitting therapy, and the counselling in general. Separately evaluation of the individual, cognitive behavioural and therapy gave identical results. 1.4 Conclusions: Psycho-oncological care became less accessible due to higher cost, as a result of national legislation policy and financial cuts in healthcare insurance. European studies should be promoted to increase insight into changing national financially thresholds for seeking psycho-oncological care.
{"title":"Impact of Changes in National Healthcare Legislation and Financial Cuts by Insurance Companies on use and Evaluation of Psycho-Oncological Care","authors":"A. Visser, A. Vennix, M. Doef","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000573","url":null,"abstract":"1.1 Objective: To study the impact of changes in national healthcare legislation and financial cuts by insurance companies on inflow of clients and their evaluation in psycho-oncological aftercare. These legislation changes and financial cuts did lead to a more complex in-take processes and less free-of-charge psycho-oncological care against higher costs. The psychosocial care concerns individual, cognitive behavioural, and art therapy. 1.2 Method: Two groups of clients were formed, based on financial policy cuts in 2012/2013 (N=334) and 2014/2015 (N=360). Data was part of the annual evaluation by De Vruchtenburg (Psycho-oncological Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands). The questionnaire was filled at home after the therapy, returned postage free. Analyses applied ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and MANOVA tests. 1.3 Results: Results showed that due legislation changes and financial cuts fewer cancer clients visited the centre in 2014/2015 as compared to 2012/2013. In 2014/2015, clients were more frequently women, relatives and older patients, got therapy longer time after medical diagnoses, with more unknown prognosis. The measures led to delay in seeking psycho-oncological care. Clients in 2014/2015 evaluated more negatively their treatment compared to 2012/2013, regarding information about therapy, participation in choosing fitting therapy, and the counselling in general. Separately evaluation of the individual, cognitive behavioural and therapy gave identical results. 1.4 Conclusions: Psycho-oncological care became less accessible due to higher cost, as a result of national legislation policy and financial cuts in healthcare insurance. European studies should be promoted to increase insight into changing national financially thresholds for seeking psycho-oncological care.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"124 1","pages":"392-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80084608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000553
Z. Cohen, Y. Maimon, N. Samuels, R. Berger
Many oncology patients report using botanicals while undergoing chemotherapy. There are relatively few studies on the interactions between “natural” products and chemotherapy agents, with implications regarding safety and efficacy of the conventional treatment. LCS101 is a botanical formula which has been shown to reduce the incidence of severe anemia and neutropenia, as well adverse events resulting from chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. The formula has also been shown to increase the anti-cancer effects of doxorubicin and fluorouracil (5-FU) on breast cancer cell lines, while protecting non-tumorigenic breast cells from cell death. The present study set out to further examine the effects of LCS101 on chemotherapy, this time with gemcitabine, cisplatin, paclitaxel and etoposide. For this purpose, lung (A549), breast (MCF7), pancreatic (PANC-1) and bladder (T24) cancer cell lines were exposed to incremental concentrations of each of the four chemotherapy agents, with and without the addition of fixed dose of LCS101. A sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used to assess cell viability. The addition of the botanical formula was found to significantly augment the cytotoxic effects of each of the chemotherapy agents, this in all four cancer cell lines. These findings further support those of previous research on potential interactions between LCS101 with chemotherapy. Additional research is underway to examine the implications of this and other botanical formulas as an adjunct to conventional oncology treatments.
{"title":"Effect of the Botanical Compound LCS101 on Cytotoxicity of Chemotherapy","authors":"Z. Cohen, Y. Maimon, N. Samuels, R. Berger","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000553","url":null,"abstract":"Many oncology patients report using botanicals while undergoing chemotherapy. There are relatively few studies on the interactions between “natural” products and chemotherapy agents, with implications regarding safety and efficacy of the conventional treatment. LCS101 is a botanical formula which has been shown to reduce the incidence of severe anemia and neutropenia, as well adverse events resulting from chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. The formula has also been shown to increase the anti-cancer effects of doxorubicin and fluorouracil (5-FU) on breast cancer cell lines, while protecting non-tumorigenic breast cells from cell death. The present study set out to further examine the effects of LCS101 on chemotherapy, this time with gemcitabine, cisplatin, paclitaxel and etoposide. For this purpose, lung (A549), breast (MCF7), pancreatic (PANC-1) and bladder (T24) cancer cell lines were exposed to incremental concentrations of each of the four chemotherapy agents, with and without the addition of fixed dose of LCS101. A sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used to assess cell viability. The addition of the botanical formula was found to significantly augment the cytotoxic effects of each of the chemotherapy agents, this in all four cancer cell lines. These findings further support those of previous research on potential interactions between LCS101 with chemotherapy. Additional research is underway to examine the implications of this and other botanical formulas as an adjunct to conventional oncology treatments.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"A1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85207652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000562
I. Rivas, Jose A. Silva, Gagmar Alfonso, Helga Candanedo, Y. Cuervo, Braulio F. Mestre, J. R. M. Cabello, J. Lence, Martha Lugoyo, E. Sanz
Objective: Antioxidant supplements seem to reduce toxicity associated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) in patients with head and neck (H&N) cancers. Ocoxin-Viusid (OV) has recognized antioxidant, immunostimulant, and anti-tumor effects. Our study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OV in patients with H&N tumors during treatment with RT and CT. Methods: A total of 60 patients with a diagnosis of H&N carcinoma and indication of radiotherapy concurrent with chemotherapy were included in a phase II, randomized, prospective, controlled, double-blind study with two treatment arms: RT+CT+Placebo (n=30) and RT+CT+OV (n=30) during one year at a tertiary referral academic center (National Institute of Oncology from Havana, Cuba) from January 2015 to January 2016, with the objective of evaluating RT-CT toxicity reduction and improving patient quality of life. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in regard to male predominance; median age of 60, histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx in locally-advanced stages. The experimental OV group obtained better results insofar as a lower number and duration of interruptions in RT and lower severity of RT-CT toxicity levels, with acceptable local tumor control and overall survival in accordance with the clinical stage of the disease. No adverse effects were recorded in relation to the OV supplement. Conclusion: Our results suggest that administration of ocoxin-viusid during radiotherapy and chemotherapy improves patient quality of life by decreasing the number and level of toxicities from these treatments without interfering with their mechanism of action.
{"title":"Oncoxin-Viusid with Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: Results from a Phase II, Randomised, Double-Blind Study","authors":"I. Rivas, Jose A. Silva, Gagmar Alfonso, Helga Candanedo, Y. Cuervo, Braulio F. Mestre, J. R. M. Cabello, J. Lence, Martha Lugoyo, E. Sanz","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000562","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Antioxidant supplements seem to reduce toxicity associated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) in patients with head and neck (H&N) cancers. Ocoxin-Viusid (OV) has recognized antioxidant, immunostimulant, and anti-tumor effects. Our study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OV in patients with H&N tumors during treatment with RT and CT. Methods: A total of 60 patients with a diagnosis of H&N carcinoma and indication of radiotherapy concurrent with chemotherapy were included in a phase II, randomized, prospective, controlled, double-blind study with two treatment arms: RT+CT+Placebo (n=30) and RT+CT+OV (n=30) during one year at a tertiary referral academic center (National Institute of Oncology from Havana, Cuba) from January 2015 to January 2016, with the objective of evaluating RT-CT toxicity reduction and improving patient quality of life. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in regard to male predominance; median age of 60, histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx in locally-advanced stages. The experimental OV group obtained better results insofar as a lower number and duration of interruptions in RT and lower severity of RT-CT toxicity levels, with acceptable local tumor control and overall survival in accordance with the clinical stage of the disease. No adverse effects were recorded in relation to the OV supplement. Conclusion: Our results suggest that administration of ocoxin-viusid during radiotherapy and chemotherapy improves patient quality of life by decreasing the number and level of toxicities from these treatments without interfering with their mechanism of action.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86458855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000511
L. Graziosi, Marino Elisabetta, A. Rebonato, A. Donini
Aim: Demonstrate that preoperative tumor markers are prognostic factor in colon rectal cancer and their high levels are correlated with bad prognosis.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed two hundred and thirty-one patients affected by colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery between January 2012 and August 2016 from a prospectively collected database. The study group consisted of 224 patients: 132 men and 92 women. Demographic details, surgical procedure, histopathologic diagnosis, and survival data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for this study. Normal cut off values for Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate Antigen 19.9 (CA 19.9) were respectively 5 ng/ml and 35 UI/ml. A P-value<0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant.Results: Tumor location was 94 times on ascending colon (42%), 13 on transverse colon (5.8%), 77 on descending colon (34.4%) and 40 on rectum (17.8%). All tumors were histologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the colon-rectum and staged according to the TNM staging system. Preoperative serum CEA level was significantly associated only with T stage and serum albumin level; whereas there were no statistically significant differences between preoperative serum CA19.9 and patients’ clinical pathologic characteristics. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) showed a statistically significant difference in the two groups of patients who are dichotomized according to the normal cut-off value of CEA and Ca 19.9. At the multivariate analysis both preoperative CEA and Ca 19.9 resulted as independent prognostic factor for survival with a p<0.05.Conclusion: These two tumor markers could have a role as prognostic factors leading to a stricter postsurgical follow up in those patients with elevated preoperative values.Core tip: Preoprative measurement of Cea and Ca19.9 is a cheap and routine exam. Their role could help to identify patients with poor prognosis in the preoperative period and to strictly follow up them in the post-surgical setting.
目的:论证术前肿瘤标志物是结直肠癌的预后因素，其水平高与预后不良相关。方法:我们回顾性分析了2012年1月至2016年8月期间接受根治性手术的231例结直肠癌患者。研究小组包括224名患者:132名男性和92名女性。本研究前瞻性地收集了人口统计学细节、外科手术、组织病理学诊断和生存数据，并对其进行了回顾性分析。癌胚抗原(CEA)和碳水化合物抗原19.9 (CA 19.9)的正常临界值分别为5 ng/ml和35 UI/ml。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果:升结肠94例(42%)，横结肠13例(5.8%)，降结肠77例(34.4%)，直肠40例(17.8%)。所有肿瘤均经组织学诊断为结直肠腺癌，并按TNM分期系统进行分期。术前血清CEA水平仅与T分期和血清白蛋白水平显著相关;术前血清CA19.9与患者临床病理特征无统计学差异。根据CEA和Ca的正常临界值19.9进行二分类的两组患者的总生存期(OS)和无病生存期(DFS)差异有统计学意义。在多因素分析中，术前CEA和ca19.9是影响患者生存的独立预后因素，p<0.05。结论:这两种肿瘤标志物可作为预后因素，对术前升高的患者进行更严格的术后随访。核心提示:术前测定Cea和Ca19.9是一种廉价的常规检查。他们的作用有助于在术前识别预后不良的患者，并在术后严格随访。
{"title":"Preoperative Serum Markers Prognostic Evaluation in Colon Cancer Patients","authors":"L. Graziosi, Marino Elisabetta, A. Rebonato, A. Donini","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000511","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Demonstrate that preoperative tumor markers are prognostic factor in colon rectal cancer and their high levels are correlated with bad prognosis.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed two hundred and thirty-one patients affected by colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery between January 2012 and August 2016 from a prospectively collected database. The study group consisted of 224 patients: 132 men and 92 women. Demographic details, surgical procedure, histopathologic diagnosis, and survival data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for this study. Normal cut off values for Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate Antigen 19.9 (CA 19.9) were respectively 5 ng/ml and 35 UI/ml. A P-value<0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant.Results: Tumor location was 94 times on ascending colon (42%), 13 on transverse colon (5.8%), 77 on descending colon (34.4%) and 40 on rectum (17.8%). All tumors were histologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the colon-rectum and staged according to the TNM staging system. Preoperative serum CEA level was significantly associated only with T stage and serum albumin level; whereas there were no statistically significant differences between preoperative serum CA19.9 and patients’ clinical pathologic characteristics. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) showed a statistically significant difference in the two groups of patients who are dichotomized according to the normal cut-off value of CEA and Ca 19.9. At the multivariate analysis both preoperative CEA and Ca 19.9 resulted as independent prognostic factor for survival with a p<0.05.Conclusion: These two tumor markers could have a role as prognostic factors leading to a stricter postsurgical follow up in those patients with elevated preoperative values.Core tip: Preoprative measurement of Cea and Ca19.9 is a cheap and routine exam. Their role could help to identify patients with poor prognosis in the preoperative period and to strictly follow up them in the post-surgical setting.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86711209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000556
S. Carnio, D. Galetta, S. Pilotto, Scotti, D. Cortinovis, A. Antonuzzo, S. Pisconti, A. Rossi, O. Martelli, F. Cecere, A. Lunghi, A. DelConte, M. Montrone, J. Topulli, S. Canova, S. Rapetti, M. Gianetta, M. V. Pacchiana, E. Capelletto, Pegoraro, N. Cataldo, E. Bria, S. Novello
Background: Lung cancer (LC) patients report simultaneous incidence of physical and psychosocial symptoms defined cluster symptoms (CS). As among chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) predictors, anxiety is a modifiable factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between anxiety development and CS in stage IV LC patients during first-line chemotherapy. Methods: This is an additional analysis using data from previously published WALCE survey. Several items (anxiety, lack of self-confidence, fatigue, lack of appetite, pain, somnolence, dyspnea, general status, lack of trust in treatments) were investigated at four timepoints (T0-T3) using a Numerical Rating Scale. Factor analyses were run and factor scores included (together with sex, age class and chemotherapy scheme) in multivariate logistic ordinal models at each time points in order to evaluate risk factors for anxiety. Results: Factor analyses showed two latent factors composed by the same items at each evaluation: physical CS (fatigue, somnolence, dyspnea, lack of self-confidence) and psychological CS (lack of trust in treatments, general status, lack of appetite). Physical CS was associated with an increased pre-chemotherapy anxiety risk, while during chemotherapy, both physical and psychological CS seemed to exert an influence on anxiety development. Conclusions: A close link between anxiety and CS in LC patients is evident. More attention should be paid to the detection of CS and anxiety in LC patients during first-line chemotherapy, in order to early detect high-risk patients and implement preventive actions.
{"title":"The Close Link between Anxiety and Cluster Symptoms in Lung Cancer Patients during First-Line Chemotherapy","authors":"S. Carnio, D. Galetta, S. Pilotto, Scotti, D. Cortinovis, A. Antonuzzo, S. Pisconti, A. Rossi, O. Martelli, F. Cecere, A. Lunghi, A. DelConte, M. Montrone, J. Topulli, S. Canova, S. Rapetti, M. Gianetta, M. V. Pacchiana, E. Capelletto, Pegoraro, N. Cataldo, E. Bria, S. Novello","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000556","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer (LC) patients report simultaneous incidence of physical and psychosocial symptoms defined cluster symptoms (CS). As among chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) predictors, anxiety is a modifiable factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between anxiety development and CS in stage IV LC patients during first-line chemotherapy. Methods: This is an additional analysis using data from previously published WALCE survey. Several items (anxiety, lack of self-confidence, fatigue, lack of appetite, pain, somnolence, dyspnea, general status, lack of trust in treatments) were investigated at four timepoints (T0-T3) using a Numerical Rating Scale. Factor analyses were run and factor scores included (together with sex, age class and chemotherapy scheme) in multivariate logistic ordinal models at each time points in order to evaluate risk factors for anxiety. Results: Factor analyses showed two latent factors composed by the same items at each evaluation: physical CS (fatigue, somnolence, dyspnea, lack of self-confidence) and psychological CS (lack of trust in treatments, general status, lack of appetite). Physical CS was associated with an increased pre-chemotherapy anxiety risk, while during chemotherapy, both physical and psychological CS seemed to exert an influence on anxiety development. Conclusions: A close link between anxiety and CS in LC patients is evident. More attention should be paid to the detection of CS and anxiety in LC patients during first-line chemotherapy, in order to early detect high-risk patients and implement preventive actions.","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89907873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000567
P. Raghavan
The Greek goddess whose name is associated with Klotho protein spins life’s thread and is associated with reversing aging in mammals. In Greek Mythology, Klotho has two siblings, Lachesis and Atropos, and one determines the length of the thread of life and the other cuts the thread. Klotho (KL), which was named after one of the three goddesses of fate who controlled aging in Greek mythology, was initially identified in 1997 as the gene responsible for early aging-like symptoms in mice [1], and in several other tissues [2]. It acts as a coreceptor with fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1)to bind fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and mediate phosphaturia to correct the hyperphosphatemia arising from 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (calcitriol or 1,25D) Stimulation of intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption.1,25D regulates the expression of both membrane and soluble klotho forms in multiple kidney cell types to support FGF23 phosphaturic and vitamin D counter-regulatory actions at the kidney, possibly exerting antiaging effects [3].
{"title":"Metadichol® a Novel Agonist of the Anti-aging Klotho Gene in Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"P. Raghavan","doi":"10.4172/1948-5956.1000567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5956.1000567","url":null,"abstract":"The Greek goddess whose name is associated with Klotho protein spins life’s thread and is associated with reversing aging in mammals. In Greek Mythology, Klotho has two siblings, Lachesis and Atropos, and one determines the length of the thread of life and the other cuts the thread. Klotho (KL), which was named after one of the three goddesses of fate who controlled aging in Greek mythology, was initially identified in 1997 as the gene responsible for early aging-like symptoms in mice [1], and in several other tissues [2]. It acts as a coreceptor with fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1)to bind fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and mediate phosphaturia to correct the hyperphosphatemia arising from 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (calcitriol or 1,25D) Stimulation of intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption.1,25D regulates the expression of both membrane and soluble klotho forms in multiple kidney cell types to support FGF23 phosphaturic and vitamin D counter-regulatory actions at the kidney, possibly exerting antiaging effects [3].","PeriodicalId":15170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84683505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000514
A. Mohamed, I. Emam, A. Mohamed
Treatment planning is one of the main steps in radiotherapy. It includes dose, isodose and monitor units (MUs) calculations. The dose calculation is based on algorithms implemented in the treatment planning system (TPS). For a suitable clinical use, these algorithms must calculate the dose as accurately as possible. The aim of this work is the assessment of treatment planning system installed in Aswan Oncology Institute to perform dosimetric validation of various parameters. Measurements have been performed using existing Elekta linear accelerator, (scanditronix-wellhofer dosimetry) system, and water phantom. A variety of 3D conformal fields were created in Xio TPS on a combined Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom and validated against measurements with a calibrated ion chamber. Some of the parameters such as (Tissue phantom ratio (TPR), surface dose, buildup, flatness, symmetry, penumbra, contamination dose) varied including source to surface distance, field size, gantry angle, and depth for all photon and electron energies. The difference between measurements and calculation of flatness and symmetry values at different electron energies were between -0.4% to 1.7% and 6 MV didn’t exceed ± 0.8%. The mean difference in value of penumbra of electron beams was -4.97% and 6 MV was ± 5%. TPR and surface dose at 6 MV increased with the field size (FS) increasing. All the resulted difference of measurements and calculation were in agreement with IAEA-TRS430 and Venselaar et al. which didn’t exceed ± 2% at flatness, symmetry and ±15% at penumbra. This investigation on dosimetric validation ensures accuracy of Xio TPS thereby improving patient safety.
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