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Expository Guided Writing for Learners at Elementary Levels 针对小学阶段学生的说明性指导写作
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol12n1922
O. S. Ajayi
Writing skill is a complex skill that poses challenges to its teaching and mastery by teachers and pupils. This study is an expository one that focuses elementary learners who are regarded as emergent writers and struggling writers who have passed emergent stages of writing but are still experiencing writing difficulties. English teachers are expected to have explicit knowledge in language skills particularly writing and adequate instructional strategies to provide timely instructional assistance that can position writing as not a difficult and complex skill. This study provides an academic window that both teachers and learners can access for better cognitive development in writing. The study exemplifies guided writing as a strategy to serve as an intervention to prompt teachers in assisting learners to grasp writing skills with ease. It is the conclusion of the study that guided writing assists both teachers and learners in ameliorating writing problems.
写作技能是一项复杂的技能,对教师和学生的教学和掌握都提出了挑战。本研究是一项论述性研究,重点关注被视为初学写作者的小学学习者,以及已经过了初学写作阶段但仍面临写作困难的写作挣扎者。英语教师应具备明确的语言技能知识,尤其是写作知识,并掌握适当的教学策略,及时提供教学帮助,使写作不再是一项困难而复杂的技能。本研究为教师和学习者提供了一个学术窗口,使他们能够更好地发展写作认知。本研究将指导性写作作为一种干预策略,促使教师协助学习者轻松掌握写作技巧。本研究的结论是,指导性写作有助于教师和学习者改善写作问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Critical Stylistic Study of Peter Obi’s Campaign Speech Delivered at Chatham House 彼得-奥比在查塔姆大厦发表竞选演讲的文体批评研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol12n15264
S. A. Omotunde
This paper is a critical stylistic analysis of Peter Obi’s presidential campaign speech that he delivered at Chatham House in the United Kingdom on January 26, 2023. Critical stylistics provides the reader or listener with ten analytical tools to make use of in carrying out critical analysis of texts for the main purpose of identifying the meanings and ideologies inherent in such texts. The aim of this work then is to investigate some of the meanings and ideologies which Peter Obi passes on to his listeners through lexical choice as well as sentence pattern and construction using three of the ten tools put forward by Jeffries (2010) for investigating the various meanings in texts. The three tools selected are: naming and describing, prioritising and equating and contrasting. Findings reveal that though all the excerpts bring out different meanings that are relevant to the text, however, the ideology behind them that serves as the foundation for all the interpretations is that of positive self presentation and negative “Other” presentation.
本文对彼得-奥比于 2023 年 1 月 26 日在英国查塔姆大厦发表的总统竞选演讲进行了文体批判分析。批判文体学为读者或听众提供了十种分析工具,用于对文本进行批判性分析,主要目的是识别这些文本的内在含义和意识形态。因此,本作品旨在利用杰弗里斯(2010 年)为研究文本中的各种意义而提出的十种工具中的三种工具,研究彼得-奥比通过词汇选择以及句型和结构向听众传递的一些意义和意识形态。所选的三种工具是:命名和描述、优先排序以及等同和对比。研究结果表明,尽管所有节选都揭示了与文本相关的不同含义,但作为所有解释的基础,其背后的意识形态是积极的自我表述和消极的 "他者 "表述。
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引用次数: 0
Practs of Violence in Ola Rotimi’s OurHusband has gone Mad Again 奥拉-罗蒂米《我们的丈夫》中的暴力练习者又疯了
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol12n13951
M. Aremu
Existing literature on Ola Rotimi’s Our Husband has gone mad again reveals that the study of the text has been largely focused on the literary rather than linguistic analysis. This paper therefore focuses on the study of the practs of violence in participants’ interaction in the text. The study revealed that there are two types of violence in the text: matrimonial and political. Participants hinge on the cognitive, Sociocultural, situational and linguistic common grounds to pract rebuking, boasting, regretting, deceiving, revolting and attacking. Besides, dysphemisms in the text are used as the linguistic toolof ridiculing the protagonist The play sanitises corruption polygamous life of political actors in independent African nations.
有关奥拉-罗蒂米的《我们的丈夫又发疯了》的现有文献显示,对该文本的研究主要集中在文学而非语言分析上。因此,本文重点研究文本中参与者互动中的暴力实践。研究显示,文本中有两种类型的暴力:婚姻暴力和政治暴力。参与者从认知、社会文化、情境和语言的共同点出发,使用了斥责、夸耀、后悔、欺骗、谩骂和攻击等方式。此外,文本中的语病被用作嘲弄主人公的语言工具。该剧净化了非洲独立国家政治人物一夫多妻的腐败生活。
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引用次数: 0
Congratulation Strategies: Pragmatic Study 祝贺策略:实用研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol12n118
Rana Naji Aziz
There are different ways to express positive emotions and feelings when people come across happy occasions. The present study investigates how people pragmatically express congratulations. One hundred and sixteen participants were recruited to answer a DCT which was used as a tool for uncovering the strategies of congratulations and answering the questions: (1) what are the main pragmatic strategies for congratulations? (2) what are the differences in using these strategies when it comes to males and females? (3) pragmatically, what are the positive politeness strategies used in expressing congratulations? And (4) are there any differences between males and females in using these positive politeness strategies? Among the findings revealed seven pragmatic strategies of congratulations saying congratulations, giving good wishes, expressing happiness, using jokes, mentioning the reason, asking for information or details, and giving compliments and encouragement.
当人们遇到高兴的事情时,有不同的方式来表达积极的情绪和情感。本研究调查了人们如何以实用方式表达祝贺。本研究招募了 116 名参与者,让他们回答一个 DCT 问卷,作为揭示祝贺策略的工具,并回答以下问题:(1) 祝贺的主要实用策略是什么?(2)男性和女性在使用这些策略时有什么不同?(3) 在表达祝贺时,有哪些积极的礼貌策略?(4) 男性和女性在使用这些积极的礼貌策略时是否存在差异?研究结果显示了七种祝贺的实用策略:表示祝贺、给予良好祝愿、表达快乐、使用笑话、提及原因、询问信息或细节,以及给予赞美和鼓励。
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引用次数: 0
Motherese in Omani Arabic 阿曼阿拉伯语的母亲语
Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol11n2131
Said al Jahdhami
Motherese, alternatively known as parentese, infant directed speech, or baby talk, is the spontaneous emotive manner in which mothers converse with their newborns and young children to establish mother-child communication. The occurrence of motherese in mother-child communication is attested cross-linguistically with variant extent and frequency in languages and cultures of the globe. Due to its distinct linguistic features that tease it out from adult directed speech, it is believed to have a positive role in facilitating and accelerating children’s acquisition of their mother tongue. Prominent linguistic features that characterize motherese are often the use of simplified constructions, specific lexical items intentionally meant for children, higher pitch, slower tempo, and prolonged pronunciation, among several other ones. The role these features play in enhancing children’s exposure to and comprehension of their mother tongue as well as the establishment of a compassionate mother-child relationship stand as the driving force behind its use by mothers from different walks of life cross-culturally. The Arab culture is not an exception to this tendency since motherese is attested in several varieties of Arabic. Omani Arabic as one member of these varieties does have motherese in its daily use; yet, it is not brought to light. In an attempt to sightsee such untraversed area and bring it to light, this paper is, thus, a humble endeavor to investigate the practice of using motherese among Omani mothers and children to establish mother-child communication. Results show that several features characterize Omani Arabic motherese, those that may conform to or differ from features that characterize baby talk in other languages and cultures.
母亲语,也被称为父母语、婴儿定向语或婴儿语,是母亲与新生儿和幼儿交谈时自发的情感方式,以建立母子沟通。母语在母子交流中的出现是跨语言的,在全球不同的语言和文化中,其程度和频率各不相同。由于其独特的语言特征将其与成人的直接言语区分开来,它被认为对促进和加速儿童的母语习得具有积极作用。母亲语的突出语言特征通常是使用简化的结构、专门为儿童设计的特定词汇、较高的音调、较慢的节奏和较长的发音,以及其他一些特征。这些特点在提高儿童对母语的接触和理解以及建立富有同情心的母子关系方面所起的作用,是来自不同文化背景的母亲使用母语的动力。阿拉伯文化也不例外,因为母亲语在阿拉伯语的几个变种中得到证实。阿曼阿拉伯语作为这些变体的一个成员,在日常使用中确实有母语;然而,它并没有被曝光。因此,为了了解这一未被涉足的领域并将其公之于众,本文试图对阿曼母亲和儿童之间使用母亲语的做法进行调查,以建立母子之间的沟通。结果表明阿曼阿拉伯语母亲语有几个特征,这些特征可能符合或不同于其他语言和文化中婴儿语的特征。
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引用次数: 0
Acquisition of Negation in The Anaañ Child Language Anaañ儿童语言中否定的习得
Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol11n26878
V. Etim, Emmanuel Okon
The study on the acquisition of negation in the Anaañ child language aimed at examining how an Anaañ child acquires negation. It also identifies the negative forms used by the Anaañ child. Ten children from Afaha Esang, Abak Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State were studied between the ages of one and a half and four years. The children’s conversations with peers at play- the ground, with siblings and parents as well as interactive questionings by the researchers which were recorded formed the instrument for the collection of data for the study. The framework of principles and parameters (P&P) was adopted for the analysis of the data. The basic assumption for its adoption is the claim that children simply need to learn the values of relevant parameters to acquire the grammar of their native language. The study concluded that the Anaañ child makes use of the pre-verbal negation ‘kú’ – “don’t” and the one-word negation, ‘ìyó’ – “no” to communicate rejection, denial, and disagreement. I, therefore,e recommends that more studies on different aspects of linguistic analysis be carried out on the Anaañ child language acquisition.
对Anaañ儿童语言否定习得的研究旨在探讨Anaañ儿童如何习得否定。它还识别Anaañ子节点使用的否定形式。研究对象是来自阿夸伊博姆州阿巴克地方政府地区Afaha Esang的10名年龄在1岁半至4岁之间的儿童。孩子们在操场上与同伴的对话,与兄弟姐妹和父母的对话,以及研究人员的互动提问,这些都被记录下来,形成了研究数据收集的工具。采用原则与参数框架(P&P)对数据进行分析。采用这种方法的基本假设是,儿童只需要学习相关参数的值就可以获得母语的语法。研究得出结论,Anaañ孩子使用言语前否定“kú”——“不”和一个词否定“ìyó”——“不”来表达拒绝、否认和不同意。因此,我建议对Anaañ儿童语言习得进行更多不同方面的语言分析研究。
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引用次数: 0
A Contrastive Critical Analysis of George Floyd’s Death in China Daily and The New York Times 《中国日报》与《纽约时报》对弗洛伊德之死的对比分析
Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol11n27994
Yin-guan Qiu, Jiayun Li
Based on Fairclough’s three-dimensional model, the paper conducts a critical contrastive analysis of the reports related to George Floyd’s death in China Daily and The New York Times to reveal the hidden positions and ideologies of the Chinese and American media. It is found that at the description stage, China Daily objectively presents the main participants and holds a critical attitude towards the violent law enforcement, while The New York Times portrays George Floyd and the protesters as negative images and affirms the actions of the US police. In the interpretation level, specified sources and direct speeches are used more frequently in both media reports. But China Daily had a wide range of news sources, and a higher percentage of direct speeches than The New York Times. Regarding explanation, social factors and institutional factors contribute to the similarities and differences in constructing images of key players in the two media.
本文以费尔克劳的三维模型为基础,对《中国日报》和《纽约时报》关于弗洛伊德去世的报道进行批判性对比分析,揭示中美两国媒体隐藏的立场和意识形态。我们发现,在描述阶段,《中国日报》客观地呈现了主要参与者,对暴力执法持批判态度,而《纽约时报》则将乔治·弗洛伊德和抗议者描绘为负面形象,肯定了美国警方的行为。在口译层面,指明来源和直接引语在两种媒体报道中使用的频率更高。但《中国日报》拥有广泛的新闻来源,其直接发言的比例也高于《纽约时报》。在解释上,社会因素和制度因素导致了两种媒体在塑造关键人物形象方面的异同。
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引用次数: 0
The Language of Defining Synonyms in LDOCE and OALD between Consistency and Contradiction: A Source of Help or Confusion? LDOCE与OALD在一致性与矛盾性之间的同义词定义语言:帮助还是困惑?
Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol11n23244
Hussein Abushaaban, Rashad Faleh Alhasan, Khatra Amar
This paper examines the language of definition in explaining a set of synonyms in two dictionaries: LDOCE and OALD. The selected set of synonyms is: ‘shake, tremble, quiver, and shiver’. The procedure of analysis was to decompose the definitions and the examples into meaning conditions and compare them to each other. The results suggested that the dictionary language that was adopted in both dictionaries followed a contradictory style of defining in terms of using restrictive and non-restrictive elements in the language of defining. This result suggests immediate revision in order to enable language learners to make better use of these dictionaries in terms of synonym comprehension.
本文研究了在LDOCE和OALD两本词典中解释一组同义词时的定义语言。所选的一组同义词是:“颤抖,颤抖,颤抖,颤抖”。分析的过程是将定义和实例分解为意义条件,并相互比较。结果表明,两本词典采用的词典语言遵循了一种矛盾的定义风格,即在定义语言中使用限制性和非限制性元素。这一结果建议立即修订,以使语言学习者在同义词理解方面更好地利用这些词典。
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引用次数: 0
Discursive constructions of Gay(s), Homosexual(s) and Homosexuality in selected Nigerian and South African Newspapers: A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis 尼日利亚和南非报纸中同性恋、同性恋和同性恋的话语结构:语料库辅助批评话语分析
Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol11n24567
Olubunmi Funmi Oyebanji
Same-sex relationship is a critical topic globally, especially as non-heterosexuals often get marginalized both overtly and covertly. Previous studies on same-sex sexualities in the African context have examined the discursive construction of non-heterosexuals, with little attention paid to the comparative reading of how gay people are discursively constructed in two contextually different African countries. Therefore, this study examines the usage patterns of three labels, gay, homosexual, homosexuality, that are commonly used to denote same-sex sexualities in selected Nigerian and South African newspapers. To do so, corpus-based critical discourse analysis is conducted to detect convergence and divergence of such usages since the countries have opposing laws on same-sex relationships. Similar semantic prosodies were found. However, differing prosodic features show that heteronomativity is mainly emphasized in the Nigerian corpus, while this is sometimes challenged in the South African corpus. The overall conclusion is that there could still be some homophobic tendencies in both the Nigerian and South African contexts as shown by the media representations.
同性关系是一个全球性的重要话题,尤其是在非异性恋者经常被公开或暗中边缘化的情况下。先前关于非洲背景下的同性性行为的研究考察了非异性恋者的话语建构,很少注意到同性恋者在两个不同背景的非洲国家是如何话语建构的比较阅读。因此,本研究考察了三种标签的使用模式,同性恋,同性恋,同性恋,通常用于在尼日利亚和南非的报纸表示同性性行为。为此,我们进行了基于语料库的批评话语分析,以发现这些用法的趋同和分歧,因为这些国家在同性关系方面有不同的法律。相似的语义韵律被发现。然而,不同的韵律特征表明,尼日利亚语料库主要强调异位性,而南非语料库有时会受到挑战。总的结论是,正如媒体报道所显示的那样,尼日利亚和南非仍可能存在一些恐同倾向。
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引用次数: 0
Preparing Teacher and Student for Twenty-First-Century Learning Practices: A Framework for Enhancing Collaborative Problem-Solving and Strategic Learning Skills 为21世纪的学习实践准备教师和学生:提高协作解决问题和策略学习技能的框架
Pub Date : 2023-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjel.2013/vol11n1111
Mohammed Elsawi Elsafi Ibrahim, Subahi Abdelgadir Elimam Ahmed
Regarding the growing interest in developing teacher education to match the twenty-first-century skills, while many assumptions have been made, there has been less theoretical elaboration and empirical research on this topic. The aim of this article is to present our pedagogical framework for the twenty-first-century learning practices in teacher education. We will first review the current status of policy frameworks for the twenty-first-century learning skills. Based on our previous work and current understanding in the field of learning sciences, we will next elaborate the processes and strategies for collaborative problem-solving skills and strategic learning skills to specify current, rather general claims presented regarding the discussion on twenty-first-century skills. We will also provide concrete case examples facilitating strategic learning skills, collaborative problem-solving skills, and the skills to use information and communication technologies in contexts of our previous studies.
关于发展教师教育以匹配21世纪技能的日益增长的兴趣,虽然已经做出了许多假设,但关于这一主题的理论阐述和实证研究较少。本文的目的是为21世纪教师教育的学习实践提出我们的教学框架。我们将首先回顾21世纪学习技能政策框架的现状。基于我们之前的工作和当前对学习科学领域的理解,我们接下来将详细阐述协作解决问题技能和战略学习技能的过程和策略,以明确当前关于21世纪技能讨论的一般主张。我们还将提供具体的案例,在我们之前的研究背景下,促进战略学习技能,协作解决问题的技能,以及使用信息和通信技术的技能。
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引用次数: 0
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British Journal of English Language Linguistics
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