Rohullah Qaderi, Luca Mazzoni, Virginia Tonanni, Francesco Gagliardi, Luca Capriotti, Valeria Pergolotti, Yasmany Armas Diaz, Franco Capocasa, Bruno Mezzetti
BACKGROUND: Strawberries are a delicate, high nutritional value fruit with an extremely short shelf life and high susceptibility to tissue infection, mainly by Botrytis cinerea. Control of the disease requires an extensive amount of fungicide that is applied in varying complexes because the pathogen easily develops resistance against the active compounds. Planting tolerant cultivars seems to be a promising alternative for fruit growers, but there are currently no cultivars available combining tolerance to B. cinerea with attractive horticultural traits. OBJECTIVE: In this study, four well-defined strawberry cultivars (‘Romina’, ‘Cristina’, ‘Silvia’, and ‘Sibilla’) were selected and tested under treatment with Botrytis cinerea to determine the tolerance of each cultivar and its association with fruit quality. METHODS: Fruits were harvested and then stored for four days after inoculation (treatment) or not (control) with spores of B. cinerea; then, every day the level of decay was detected, and fruits were frozen for successive evaluation of fruit quality. RESULTS: The ‘Silvia’ cultivar is the one that demonstrated a higher level of tolerance to Botrytis infection during the treatment, and the ‘Romina’ cultivar was the cultivar most susceptible to the treatment. The results of the study also highlighted qualitative changes in all strawberry cultivars infected with Botrytis cinerea, by a decrease in the soluble solids content and an increase of acids. Generally, in all cultivars, phenolic acids, and vitamin C decreased in both control and infected but there was a strong decrease in infected fruit compared to control. Anthocyanin content increased in control fruits but strongly decreased in infected. CONCLUSION: As a preliminary outcome, a positive correlation was obtained between fruit nutritional quality and tolerance to decay, as a high amount of nutritional compound content provides lower susceptibility of fruits to Botrytis cinerea. To confirm this result more studies need to be done.
背景：草莓是一种娇嫩、营养价值高的水果，保质期极短，极易受到组织感染，主要是灰霉病。由于病原菌很容易对活性化合物产生抗药性，因此控制这种病害需要大量使用不同复配的杀菌剂。对于水果种植者来说，种植抗病栽培品种似乎是一个很有前景的选择，但目前还没有兼具对灰葡萄孢菌的抗病性和诱人的园艺特性的栽培品种。目的：在这项研究中，我们选择了四个明确的草莓栽培品种（'Romina'、'Cristina'、'Silvia'和'Sibilla'），并对其进行了灰葡萄孢菌处理试验，以确定每个栽培品种的耐受性及其与果实品质的关系。方法：在接种（处理）或未接种（对照）灰葡萄孢孢子后，采收果实并贮藏四天；然后每天检测腐烂程度，并冷冻果实以连续评估果实质量。结果：在处理过程中，"Silvia "栽培品种对霜霉病感染的耐受性较高，而 "Romina "栽培品种对处理最易感。研究结果还显示，所有感染了灰葡萄孢菌的草莓品种都发生了质的变化，可溶性固形物含量降低，酸含量增加。一般来说，在所有栽培品种中，对照品种和感染品种的酚酸和维生素 C 都减少了，但与对照品种相比，感染品种的酚酸和维生素 C 明显减少。对照果实中的花青素含量有所增加，但感染果实中的花青素含量大幅减少。结论：初步结果表明，果实营养质量和耐腐性之间存在正相关，因为营养化合物含量高的果实对灰霉病菌的易感性较低。要证实这一结果，还需要进行更多的研究。
{"title":"Investigating the tolerance of different strawberry cultivars to Botrytis cinerea infection and its relation with fruit quality","authors":"Rohullah Qaderi, Luca Mazzoni, Virginia Tonanni, Francesco Gagliardi, Luca Capriotti, Valeria Pergolotti, Yasmany Armas Diaz, Franco Capocasa, Bruno Mezzetti","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230050","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:\u0000Strawberries are a delicate, high nutritional value fruit with an extremely short shelf life and high susceptibility to tissue infection, mainly by Botrytis cinerea. Control of the disease requires an extensive amount of fungicide that is applied in varying complexes because the pathogen easily develops resistance against the active compounds. Planting tolerant cultivars seems to be a promising alternative for fruit growers, but there are currently no cultivars available combining tolerance to B. cinerea with attractive horticultural traits. OBJECTIVE:\u0000In this study, four well-defined strawberry cultivars (‘Romina’, ‘Cristina’, ‘Silvia’, and ‘Sibilla’) were selected and tested under treatment with Botrytis cinerea to determine the tolerance of each cultivar and its association with fruit quality. METHODS:\u0000Fruits were harvested and then stored for four days after inoculation (treatment) or not (control) with spores of B. cinerea; then, every day the level of decay was detected, and fruits were frozen for successive evaluation of fruit quality. RESULTS:\u0000The ‘Silvia’ cultivar is the one that demonstrated a higher level of tolerance to Botrytis infection during the treatment, and the ‘Romina’ cultivar was the cultivar most susceptible to the treatment. The results of the study also highlighted qualitative changes in all strawberry cultivars infected with Botrytis cinerea, by a decrease in the soluble solids content and an increase of acids. Generally, in all cultivars, phenolic acids, and vitamin C decreased in both control and infected but there was a strong decrease in infected fruit compared to control. Anthocyanin content increased in control fruits but strongly decreased in infected. CONCLUSION:\u0000As a preliminary outcome, a positive correlation was obtained between fruit nutritional quality and tolerance to decay, as a high amount of nutritional compound content provides lower susceptibility of fruits to Botrytis cinerea. To confirm this result more studies need to be done.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"271 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140045506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tijana Ilić, Nemanja Krgović, Dragana D. Božić, Stevan Samardžić, Mirjana Marčetić, Gordana Zdunić, Bojana B. Vidović
BACKGROUND: Due to the presence of wide-range phytochemicals, particularly anthocyanins, and their health-promoting activities, black goji fruits (Lycium ruthenicum Murr., LRf) gained attention as functional foods or nutraceuticals. However, data on the phytochemical composition and bioactivities of LRf from outside Asian countries are very limited. OBJECTIVE: This study reports the polyphenols profile and in vitro biological activities of LRf cultivated in the southern part of Serbia. METHODS: The total content of polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins of LRf was determined spectrophotometrically, while the polyphenol profile was evaluated by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. Antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory potentials against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and 15-lipoxygenase properties were determined spectrophotometrically. The prebiotic potential was assessed by the broth microdilution method. RESULTS: Chromatographic analysis confirmed that hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and acylated anthocyanins were the predominant polyphenols of LRf. In addition to antioxidative activities, Lycium ruthenicum methanol extract (LRe) showed inhibitory effects against all tested enzymes (IC50 = 5.28–7.28 mg/mL). Prebiotic potential on the growth of various microorganisms’ species was observed, with a marked effect on the growth of yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. CONCLUSIONS: The polyphenol pattern of LRf cultivated in Serbia corresponds with the literature data. Observed bioactivities support further phytochemical characterizations of LRf and investigations of their health-promoting effects, especially prebiotic properties.
{"title":"Polyphenols profile and in vitro biological activities of black goji berries ( Lycium ruthenicum Murr.)","authors":"Tijana Ilić, Nemanja Krgović, Dragana D. Božić, Stevan Samardžić, Mirjana Marčetić, Gordana Zdunić, Bojana B. Vidović","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230029","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:\u0000Due to the presence of wide-range phytochemicals, particularly anthocyanins, and their health-promoting activities, black goji fruits (Lycium ruthenicum Murr., LRf) gained attention as functional foods or nutraceuticals. However, data on the phytochemical composition and bioactivities of LRf from outside Asian countries are very limited. OBJECTIVE:\u0000This study reports the polyphenols profile and in vitro biological activities of LRf cultivated in the southern part of Serbia. METHODS:\u0000The total content of polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins of LRf was determined spectrophotometrically, while the polyphenol profile was evaluated by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. Antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory potentials against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and 15-lipoxygenase properties were determined spectrophotometrically. The prebiotic potential was assessed by the broth microdilution method. RESULTS:\u0000Chromatographic analysis confirmed that hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and acylated anthocyanins were the predominant polyphenols of LRf. In addition to antioxidative activities, Lycium ruthenicum methanol extract (LRe) showed inhibitory effects against all tested enzymes (IC50 = 5.28–7.28 mg/mL). Prebiotic potential on the growth of various microorganisms’ species was observed, with a marked effect on the growth of yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. CONCLUSIONS:\u0000The polyphenol pattern of LRf cultivated in Serbia corresponds with the literature data. Observed bioactivities support further phytochemical characterizations of LRf and investigations of their health-promoting effects, especially prebiotic properties.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139104739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Castejón-Vega, Nikolaos C. Kyriakidis, Elizabet Alcócer-Gómez, Francesca Giampieri, Ana M. González-Paramás, Mario D. Cordero, José M. Alvarez-Suarez
BACKGROUND: The Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) is one of Ecuador’s most iconic Andean berries for which a high anthocyanin content has been described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory potential of the Andean blackberryfrom Ecuador, with an emphasis on its effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy processes. RESULTS: Andean blackberry extracts were rich in hydroxycinnamates (coumaric acid and derivates), in addition to quercetin and kaempferol as principal flavonols. Cyanidin and its glycosides were identified as the main anthocyanins present. Andean blackberry extracts efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The extracts also caused a moderate decrease in the expression of the pro-inflammatory and antioxidant genes NFκB1, TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, and NOS2 expression, while they significantly increased the mRNA levels of both SOD1 and NFE2L2 genes. Andean blackberry extracts significantly decreased the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, as well as p62 levels, and the LC3I/LC3II ratio increased, suggesting a direct action of Andean blackberry compounds on the inflammatory response and restoration of the autophagy process. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that Andean blackberries potentially have an anti-inflammatory effect through their ability to regulate genes related to the inflammatory and antioxidant response, as well as modulate the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and autophagy processes.
{"title":"Modulatory effect of Andean blackberry polyphenols on genes related to antioxidant and inflammatory responses, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and autophagy","authors":"Beatriz Castejón-Vega, Nikolaos C. Kyriakidis, Elizabet Alcócer-Gómez, Francesca Giampieri, Ana M. González-Paramás, Mario D. Cordero, José M. Alvarez-Suarez","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230058","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:\u0000The Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) is one of Ecuador’s most iconic Andean berries for which a high anthocyanin content has been described. OBJECTIVE:\u0000The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory potential of the Andean blackberryfrom Ecuador, with an emphasis on its effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy processes. RESULTS:\u0000Andean blackberry extracts were rich in hydroxycinnamates (coumaric acid and derivates), in addition to quercetin and kaempferol as principal flavonols. Cyanidin and its glycosides were identified as the main anthocyanins present. Andean blackberry extracts efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The extracts also caused a moderate decrease in the expression of the pro-inflammatory and antioxidant genes NFκB1, TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, and NOS2 expression, while they significantly increased the mRNA levels of both SOD1 and NFE2L2 genes. Andean blackberry extracts significantly decreased the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, as well as p62 levels, and the LC3I/LC3II ratio increased, suggesting a direct action of Andean blackberry compounds on the inflammatory response and restoration of the autophagy process. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that Andean blackberries potentially have an anti-inflammatory effect through their ability to regulate genes related to the inflammatory and antioxidant response, as well as modulate the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and autophagy processes.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139104697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Salt stress has recently emerged as one of the most significant abiotic stresses with negative impact on crop production. Photosynthesis is a vital biochemical process in plants, very sensitive to environmental constraints, including salt stress. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was toevaluate the impact of salt stress on photosystem II in the leaves of blackberry cultivars (Rubus fructicosus L.). METHODS: Two blackberry cultivars (Thornfree and Boysen) were exposed to salt stress (20, 40, and 60 mM NaCl) for 28 days in in vitro culture. The photosynthetic activity was evaluated by probing chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) and photosynthetic pigments. RESULTS: The maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), performance indexes (PIABS and PItotal), and photosynthetic driving force (DFABS) were greatly affected by salt stress in the leaves of Boysen cultivar. Lower photosynthetic efficiency was confirmed by the increased values of absorption flux per RC (ABS/RC), trapping flux per PSII RC (TR0/RC), dissipation flux per RC (DI0/RC), decreased values of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, disruption in the interaction between the light-harvesting complex and the core proteins of PSII, as well as disruption of the oxygen-evolving complex. CONCLUSIONS: The provided informations suggest that the photosynthetic apparatus of Thornfree cultivar was found to be more tolerant to salt stress compared to Boysen.
背景：最近，盐胁迫已成为对作物生产产生负面影响的最重要非生物胁迫之一。光合作用是植物的一个重要生化过程，对包括盐胁迫在内的环境限制非常敏感。目的：本研究旨在评估盐胁迫对黑莓（Rubus fructicosus L.）叶片光系统 II 的影响。方法：将两个黑莓栽培品种（Thornfree 和 Boysen）置于盐胁迫（20、40 和 60 mM NaCl）下进行 28 天的离体培养。通过检测叶绿素 a 荧光（JIP 试验）和光合色素来评估光合作用活性。结果：盐胁迫对博伊森（Boysen）栽培品种叶片的 PSII 最大量子产率（Fv/Fm）、性能指标（PIABS 和 PItotal）和光合驱动力（DFABS）有很大影响。每 RC 吸收通量（ABS/RC）、每 PSII RC 捕获通量（TR0/RC）、每 RC 耗散通量（DI0/RC）的增加值、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量的降低值、光收集复合物与 PSII 核心蛋白之间相互作用的破坏以及氧发生复合物的破坏都证实了光合效率的降低。结论：所提供的信息表明，与博伊森相比，Thornfree 栽培品种的光合装置对盐胁迫的耐受性更强。
{"title":"Assessment of photosynthetic capacity of two blackberry cultivars subjected to salt stress by the JIP fluorescence test","authors":"Ines Mihaljević, Marija Viljevac Vuletić, Vesna Tomaš, Zvonimir Zdunić, Dominik Vuković, Krunoslav Dugalić","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230026","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:\u0000Salt stress has recently emerged as one of the most significant abiotic stresses with negative impact on crop production. Photosynthesis is a vital biochemical process in plants, very sensitive to environmental constraints, including salt stress. OBJECTIVE:\u0000The aim of this study was toevaluate the impact of salt stress on photosystem II in the leaves of blackberry cultivars (Rubus fructicosus L.). METHODS:\u0000Two blackberry cultivars (Thornfree and Boysen) were exposed to salt stress (20, 40, and 60 mM NaCl) for 28 days in in vitro culture. The photosynthetic activity was evaluated by probing chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) and photosynthetic pigments. RESULTS:\u0000The maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), performance indexes (PIABS and PItotal), and photosynthetic driving force (DFABS) were greatly affected by salt stress in the leaves of Boysen cultivar. Lower photosynthetic efficiency was confirmed by the increased values of absorption flux per RC (ABS/RC), trapping flux per PSII RC (TR0/RC), dissipation flux per RC (DI0/RC), decreased values of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, disruption in the interaction between the light-harvesting complex and the core proteins of PSII, as well as disruption of the oxygen-evolving complex. CONCLUSIONS:\u0000The provided informations suggest that the photosynthetic apparatus of Thornfree cultivar was found to be more tolerant to salt stress compared to Boysen.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138680530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barberries are versatile shrubs with diverse applications, including ornamental, medicinal, and edible purposes. In this study, we employed molecular markers to assess the genetic diversity and genetic base of superior barberry genotypes selected from an F1 population obtained through Shahrood University Barberry Breeding Program (SUBBP), alongside their parents. We utilized nine ISSR markers and 10 RAPD markers to analyze the population’s genetic diversity. From these markers, we obtained 98 polymorphic bands using ISSR markers and 112 polymorphic bands using RAPD markers. The average PIC value was 0.16 for ISSR markers and RAPD markers, while the average genetic resolution power was 3.93 for ISSR markers and 2.11 for RAPD markers. Furthermore, we calculated the genetic dissimilarity coefficient (GDC) based on ISSR and RAPD markers, which ranged from 0.23 to 0.86 (average 0.62) and 0.21 to 0.85 (average 0.60), respectively. The ISSR data analysis classified the genotypes into three main clusters, with genotypes 0515, R5N1, ‘Bth’, ‘Seedless (BD)’, and R2N1 being genetically distant from the others. Similarly, the analysis of 10 RAPD primers resulted in the classification of genotypes into three main groups. Notably, genotype 0609 exhibited greater genetic distance from other genotypes in this subgroup. The Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) using both ISSR and RAPD marker data further supported the grouping of genotypes into three distinct clusters. These results provide valuable insights into the genetic composition of the F1 population and contribute to the advancement of barberry breeding strategies.
枸杞是用途广泛的灌木，有多种用途，包括观赏、药用和食用用途。本研究利用分子标记技术，对通过Shahrood University barberry Breeding Program (SUBBP)获得的一个F1群体及其亲本的优越基因型的遗传多样性和遗传基础进行了评价。利用9个ISSR标记和10个RAPD标记分析了该群体的遗传多样性。利用ISSR标记获得98个多态性条带，RAPD标记获得112个多态性条带。ISSR标记和RAPD标记的平均PIC值为0.16,ISSR标记和RAPD标记的平均遗传分辨能力分别为3.93和2.11。基于ISSR和RAPD的遗传不相似系数(GDC)分别为0.23 ~ 0.86(平均0.62)和0.21 ~ 0.85(平均0.60)。ISSR数据分析将基因型分为3个主要集群，其中基因型0515、R5N1、' Bth '、'无籽(BD) '和R2N1在遗传上与其他基因型相距较远。同样，对10个RAPD引物的分析结果将基因型分为三大类。值得注意的是，基因型0609与该亚群中其他基因型的遗传距离更大。利用ISSR和RAPD标记数据的主坐标分析(PCoA)进一步支持将基因型分为三个不同的簇。这些结果为了解F1群体的遗传组成提供了有价值的见解，并有助于提高小檗育种策略。
{"title":"Assessing genetic diversity of berberis genotypes selected from an F1 population using molecular markers","authors":"Amir Safari, Mehdi Rezaei","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230044","url":null,"abstract":"Barberries are versatile shrubs with diverse applications, including ornamental, medicinal, and edible purposes. In this study, we employed molecular markers to assess the genetic diversity and genetic base of superior barberry genotypes selected from an F1 population obtained through Shahrood University Barberry Breeding Program (SUBBP), alongside their parents. We utilized nine ISSR markers and 10 RAPD markers to analyze the population’s genetic diversity. From these markers, we obtained 98 polymorphic bands using ISSR markers and 112 polymorphic bands using RAPD markers. The average PIC value was 0.16 for ISSR markers and RAPD markers, while the average genetic resolution power was 3.93 for ISSR markers and 2.11 for RAPD markers. Furthermore, we calculated the genetic dissimilarity coefficient (GDC) based on ISSR and RAPD markers, which ranged from 0.23 to 0.86 (average 0.62) and 0.21 to 0.85 (average 0.60), respectively. The ISSR data analysis classified the genotypes into three main clusters, with genotypes 0515, R5N1, ‘Bth’, ‘Seedless (BD)’, and R2N1 being genetically distant from the others. Similarly, the analysis of 10 RAPD primers resulted in the classification of genotypes into three main groups. Notably, genotype 0609 exhibited greater genetic distance from other genotypes in this subgroup. The Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) using both ISSR and RAPD marker data further supported the grouping of genotypes into three distinct clusters. These results provide valuable insights into the genetic composition of the F1 population and contribute to the advancement of barberry breeding strategies.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138539078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asma Saeed, Shabana Kauser, Adil Hussain, Abad Ali Nadeem
BACKGROUND:Mulberry (Morus) from the Moraceae family is distributed widely in tropical to temperate regions of the world having economic and medicinal significance with exceptional nutritional characteristics. OBJECTIVES:Assessment of variations in sugars, acidity, minerals, total phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant potentials of three black mulberry (Morrus serrata, M. nigra and M. macroura black) and two white mulberry cultivars (M. alba and M. macroura white) during development stages. METHODS:Total sugars and acidity were evaluated with AOAC methods and total phenolic content was estimated with folin-ciocalteau method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated with DPPH assay, minerals were quantified with atomic absorption spectroscopy and anthocyanins were assessed and identified with high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. RESULTS:Over all, M. alba (white cultivar) displayed maximum sugar (1.35%) at fruit development stage 3 (FDS-3) following M. serrata (black cultivar) at FDS-5 (1.1%) and M. macroura white (white cultivar) at FDS-4 (0.9%). Acidity decreased in M. alba (0.8–0.09%), M. nigra (0.8–0.03%) and M. macroura white (0.6–0.04%) during development. Total phenolic content was maximum (590 GAE/100 g) in M. nigra at FDS-6 and M. serrata (450 GAE/100 g) at FDS-7. Two black cultivars (M. serrata and M. nigra) showed significant increase in total anthocyanins (14.57–100.06 and 14.13–201.87 CGE/100 g FW) from FDS-1 to FDS-7 while decrease in M. macroura black and M. macroura white (17.07–11.79 and 9.03–2.68) from FDS-1 to FDS-7. The DPPH inhibition of black mulberries was pointedly greater with significant levels of iron, copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium than white cultivars during maturity. HPLC and LC-MS procedures identified various anthocyanins in all cultivars including cyanidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin. CONCLUSIONS:Mulberries with improved nutrition, acceptable range of metals, bioactive compounds and higher antioxidant potentials could be significant against various diseases like cancer, cardiovascular problems, neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes.
{"title":"Comparative variability of nutrients, minerals, phenolics and anthocyanins with antioxidant potentials during fruit development stages in five Mulberry ( Morus) cultivars","authors":"Asma Saeed, Shabana Kauser, Adil Hussain, Abad Ali Nadeem","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230053","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Mulberry (Morus) from the Moraceae family is distributed widely in tropical to temperate regions of the world having economic and medicinal significance with exceptional nutritional characteristics. OBJECTIVES:Assessment of variations in sugars, acidity, minerals, total phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant potentials of three black mulberry (Morrus serrata, M. nigra and M. macroura black) and two white mulberry cultivars (M. alba and M. macroura white) during development stages. METHODS:Total sugars and acidity were evaluated with AOAC methods and total phenolic content was estimated with folin-ciocalteau method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated with DPPH assay, minerals were quantified with atomic absorption spectroscopy and anthocyanins were assessed and identified with high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. RESULTS:Over all, M. alba (white cultivar) displayed maximum sugar (1.35%) at fruit development stage 3 (FDS-3) following M. serrata (black cultivar) at FDS-5 (1.1%) and M. macroura white (white cultivar) at FDS-4 (0.9%). Acidity decreased in M. alba (0.8–0.09%), M. nigra (0.8–0.03%) and M. macroura white (0.6–0.04%) during development. Total phenolic content was maximum (590 GAE/100 g) in M. nigra at FDS-6 and M. serrata (450 GAE/100 g) at FDS-7. Two black cultivars (M. serrata and M. nigra) showed significant increase in total anthocyanins (14.57–100.06 and 14.13–201.87 CGE/100 g FW) from FDS-1 to FDS-7 while decrease in M. macroura black and M. macroura white (17.07–11.79 and 9.03–2.68) from FDS-1 to FDS-7. The DPPH inhibition of black mulberries was pointedly greater with significant levels of iron, copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium than white cultivars during maturity. HPLC and LC-MS procedures identified various anthocyanins in all cultivars including cyanidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin. CONCLUSIONS:Mulberries with improved nutrition, acceptable range of metals, bioactive compounds and higher antioxidant potentials could be significant against various diseases like cancer, cardiovascular problems, neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138539070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Grapes, which have gained prominence in recent years due to their positive contributions to human health, are considered a functional food due to the oil content in their seeds. Although the oil content and fatty acid composition of commonly grown grape varieties have been the subject of many studies, these characteristics of local varieties haven’t been sufficiently examined. OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to determine the usability of grape varieties grown in Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) in grape seed oil production and identify potential parent candidates that could be used in the breeding of grape varieties with high-quality seed oil. METHODS: The effects of genotypes, berry skin color, ripening time, and the climatic characteristics of the cultivation season on the oil content and fatty acid composition of seeds from 16 different grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties were investigated. Grape seed oils were extracted by soxhlet device and major, minor, and essential fatty acid compositions were determined by gas chromatography. RESULTS: According to the findings, the oil content of the grape seeds varied only depending on the genotype and ranged from 9.78% to 18.50% w/w. Moreover, 13–15 fatty acids were detected in the grape seed oils, with linoleic acid (56.13% –69.36%) and oleic acid (15.99% –30.97%) being the most common in all varieties. Only palmitic acid and stearic acid showed variation depending on the skin color; the other fatty acids weren’t affected. Cultivation season didn’t affect the fatty acid composition, but the major and minor fatty acid composition varied depending on ripening time. CONCLUSIONS: In cases where it isn’t possible to separate the seeds of grape varieties on a variety basis, classifying them according to the ripening time of the berries may be helpful in predicting the amounts of major, minor fatty acids and partially essential fatty acids in the seeds.
{"title":"Total oil and fatty acid composition of the seed of 16 grape genotypes with different skin colors and ripening times","authors":"Mehmet İlhan Odabaşioğlu","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230024","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Grapes, which have gained prominence in recent years due to their positive contributions to human health, are considered a functional food due to the oil content in their seeds. Although the oil content and fatty acid composition of commonly grown grape varieties have been the subject of many studies, these characteristics of local varieties haven’t been sufficiently examined. OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to determine the usability of grape varieties grown in Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) in grape seed oil production and identify potential parent candidates that could be used in the breeding of grape varieties with high-quality seed oil. METHODS: The effects of genotypes, berry skin color, ripening time, and the climatic characteristics of the cultivation season on the oil content and fatty acid composition of seeds from 16 different grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties were investigated. Grape seed oils were extracted by soxhlet device and major, minor, and essential fatty acid compositions were determined by gas chromatography. RESULTS: According to the findings, the oil content of the grape seeds varied only depending on the genotype and ranged from 9.78% to 18.50% w/w. Moreover, 13–15 fatty acids were detected in the grape seed oils, with linoleic acid (56.13% –69.36%) and oleic acid (15.99% –30.97%) being the most common in all varieties. Only palmitic acid and stearic acid showed variation depending on the skin color; the other fatty acids weren’t affected. Cultivation season didn’t affect the fatty acid composition, but the major and minor fatty acid composition varied depending on ripening time. CONCLUSIONS: In cases where it isn’t possible to separate the seeds of grape varieties on a variety basis, classifying them according to the ripening time of the berries may be helpful in predicting the amounts of major, minor fatty acids and partially essential fatty acids in the seeds.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136214016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Cranberries, black and red currants, strawberries, chokeberries, raspberries, blueberries and blackberries, due to the high content of polyphenolic compounds, become an excellent matrix for the production of preparations that can be used as nutraceuticals. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the content of bioactive compounds and health-promoting activity of preparations from polyphenolic fractions isolated from eight types of berries. METHODS: The preparations were obtained by lyophilization of the polyphenolic fraction of fruit extracts, and then they were evaluated in terms of physicochemical properties, content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiobesity and anticancer activity. RESULTS: The analyzes showed a very diverse content of bioactive compounds and a high health-promoting potential significantly depending on the type of fruit. In total, 61 polyphenolic compounds were identified, with anthocyanins being the dominant group. A positive correlation was found between the content of polyphenolic compounds and high antioxidant activity. A cytotoxic effect on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) was also found. In addition, all the obtained preparations turned out to be effective inhibitors of enzymes promoting diabetes and obesity. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained preparations can be used in the production of nutraceuticals or functional food additives, applicable in the prevention and treatment of lifestyle diseases.
{"title":"Obtaining preparations with increased content of bioactive compounds from eight types of berries","authors":"Natalia Żurek, Agata Pawłowska, I. Kapusta","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230020","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Cranberries, black and red currants, strawberries, chokeberries, raspberries, blueberries and blackberries, due to the high content of polyphenolic compounds, become an excellent matrix for the production of preparations that can be used as nutraceuticals. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the content of bioactive compounds and health-promoting activity of preparations from polyphenolic fractions isolated from eight types of berries. METHODS: The preparations were obtained by lyophilization of the polyphenolic fraction of fruit extracts, and then they were evaluated in terms of physicochemical properties, content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiobesity and anticancer activity. RESULTS: The analyzes showed a very diverse content of bioactive compounds and a high health-promoting potential significantly depending on the type of fruit. In total, 61 polyphenolic compounds were identified, with anthocyanins being the dominant group. A positive correlation was found between the content of polyphenolic compounds and high antioxidant activity. A cytotoxic effect on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) was also found. In addition, all the obtained preparations turned out to be effective inhibitors of enzymes promoting diabetes and obesity. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained preparations can be used in the production of nutraceuticals or functional food additives, applicable in the prevention and treatment of lifestyle diseases.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48275019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) is a South American berry with a sweet flavor and is rich in bioactive compounds and antioxidants. However, its high water and sugar content, susceptibility to spoilage, and bruising limit its shelf life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the physical and chemical changes of pitanga during storage and to identify the optimal harvest time and storage conditions. METHODS: Pitangas were harvested at mid or full-ripeness stages, stored at 2°C, 10°C, or 20°C, and analyzed for physical and chemical quality attributes using a kinetic approach. RESULTS: The storage temperature of pitanga significantly affected the kinetics of various quality attributes, including weight loss, percentage of damaged and decayed fruit, fruit hardness, total soluble solid content, and color change. However, the ripening stage during harvest only influenced the initial values of a few quality attributes. The bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity of pitanga were not significantly affected by either storage temperature or ripening stage, except for vitamin C. CONCLUSIONS: Pitanga can be preserved at 2°C for 20 days, resulting in a four-fold increase in shelf life compared to current postharvest practices. This finding offers valuable insights into optimizing the postharvest technology of pitanga, thereby increasing its utilization and promoting sustainable production practices.
{"title":"Quality attributes of Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) during postharvest storage as affected by ripening stage and storage temperature","authors":"Damian C. Castro, A. Piagentini, M. Pirovani","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230008","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) is a South American berry with a sweet flavor and is rich in bioactive compounds and antioxidants. However, its high water and sugar content, susceptibility to spoilage, and bruising limit its shelf life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the physical and chemical changes of pitanga during storage and to identify the optimal harvest time and storage conditions. METHODS: Pitangas were harvested at mid or full-ripeness stages, stored at 2°C, 10°C, or 20°C, and analyzed for physical and chemical quality attributes using a kinetic approach. RESULTS: The storage temperature of pitanga significantly affected the kinetics of various quality attributes, including weight loss, percentage of damaged and decayed fruit, fruit hardness, total soluble solid content, and color change. However, the ripening stage during harvest only influenced the initial values of a few quality attributes. The bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity of pitanga were not significantly affected by either storage temperature or ripening stage, except for vitamin C. CONCLUSIONS: Pitanga can be preserved at 2°C for 20 days, resulting in a four-fold increase in shelf life compared to current postharvest practices. This finding offers valuable insights into optimizing the postharvest technology of pitanga, thereby increasing its utilization and promoting sustainable production practices.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44478026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. fruit (Ouli) is rich in polyphenols and has a potential anti-tumor effect. However, its anti-tumor functional compositions and mechanism remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the antitumor activity and chemical composition of polyphenols from Ouli, and to identify the critical antitumor substances and potential mechanisms METHODS: Polyphenols of 14 germplasms were extracted and purified; the inhibitory effects of Ouli polyphenols on the proliferation of liver cancer HepG2 cells, colon cancer HCT116 cells, and gastric cancer BGC823 cells were evaluated by MTT assay; polyphenol compounds were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; partial least squares were utilized to build chemometrics models for selecting anti-tumor compounds; the key targets and pathways of antitumor effects of Ouli were predicted by network pharmacology. RESULTS: The total polyphenol content ranged from 275.9 to 598.2 mg/100 g fresh weight, with an average of 381.2 mg/100 g FW; Ouli polyphenols has potent inhibitory effects on liver, colon, and gastric cancer cells; twenty-three polyphenols were identified; a total of 12, 17, and 18 components were anti-liver cancer, anti-colon cancer, and anti-gastric cancer active polyphenols, respectively; TP53, MAPK3, MAPK1, RELA, AKT1, PIK3R1 and other 16 genes are the key anti-tumor targets; pathway in cancer, lipid and atherosclerosis, colorectal cancer, microRNAs in caner, HIF-1 signaling pathway and other pathways are the key pathways for anti-tumor effects of Ouli. CONCLUSIONS: Ouli polyphenols can be developed as a functional natural product to intervene in liver, stomach, and colon cancers.
背景:矮樱桃(Cerasus humilis)目前。枸杞富含多酚类物质，具有潜在的抗肿瘤作用。然而，其抗肿瘤功能成分和机制尚不清楚。目的:研究瓯丽多酚的抗肿瘤活性和化学成分，确定其抗肿瘤的关键物质及其作用机制。方法:对14份瓯丽种质的多酚进行提取纯化;MTT法观察藿香多酚对肝癌HepG2细胞、结肠癌HCT116细胞、胃癌BGC823细胞增殖的抑制作用;采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法鉴定多酚类化合物;利用偏最小二乘法建立抗肿瘤化合物的化学计量模型;运用网络药理学方法预测了乌力抗肿瘤作用的关键靶点和通路。结果:总多酚含量范围为275.9 ~ 598.2 mg/100 g鲜重，平均为381.2 mg/100 g FW;藿香多酚对肝癌、结肠癌、胃癌细胞有较强的抑制作用;共鉴定出23种多酚;抗肝癌活性多酚12个、抗结肠癌活性多酚17个、抗胃癌活性多酚18个;TP53、MAPK3、MAPK1、RELA、AKT1、PIK3R1等16个基因是抗肿瘤的关键靶点;癌症、脂质和动脉粥样硬化、结直肠癌、癌症中的microrna、HIF-1信号通路等途径是奥立抗肿瘤作用的关键途径。结论:藿香多酚可作为一种功能性天然产物开发用于干预肝癌、胃癌和结肠癌。
{"title":"The anti-tumor activity and critical active compounds of polyphenols from Chinese dwarf cherry (Cerasus humilis)","authors":"Yushi Zhang, Jin-Rui Gu, Yu Wang, Zihan Zhao, Zhanjun Wang, Weidong Li","doi":"10.3233/jbr-230005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jbr-230005","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. fruit (Ouli) is rich in polyphenols and has a potential anti-tumor effect. However, its anti-tumor functional compositions and mechanism remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the antitumor activity and chemical composition of polyphenols from Ouli, and to identify the critical antitumor substances and potential mechanisms METHODS: Polyphenols of 14 germplasms were extracted and purified; the inhibitory effects of Ouli polyphenols on the proliferation of liver cancer HepG2 cells, colon cancer HCT116 cells, and gastric cancer BGC823 cells were evaluated by MTT assay; polyphenol compounds were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; partial least squares were utilized to build chemometrics models for selecting anti-tumor compounds; the key targets and pathways of antitumor effects of Ouli were predicted by network pharmacology. RESULTS: The total polyphenol content ranged from 275.9 to 598.2 mg/100 g fresh weight, with an average of 381.2 mg/100 g FW; Ouli polyphenols has potent inhibitory effects on liver, colon, and gastric cancer cells; twenty-three polyphenols were identified; a total of 12, 17, and 18 components were anti-liver cancer, anti-colon cancer, and anti-gastric cancer active polyphenols, respectively; TP53, MAPK3, MAPK1, RELA, AKT1, PIK3R1 and other 16 genes are the key anti-tumor targets; pathway in cancer, lipid and atherosclerosis, colorectal cancer, microRNAs in caner, HIF-1 signaling pathway and other pathways are the key pathways for anti-tumor effects of Ouli. CONCLUSIONS: Ouli polyphenols can be developed as a functional natural product to intervene in liver, stomach, and colon cancers.","PeriodicalId":15194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Berry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43802545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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