Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.20.10.580
Panagiotaki Panagiota, N. Olga, Karatzinos Theodoros, A. Zoe, Fleris Georgios
The potential of three essential oils, Origanum vulgare, Eugenia aromatica and Cinnamomum zeylanicum as slaughter anaesthetic agents, is presently assessed. Commercial stunning methods inducing rapid unconsciousness in fish before slaughtering, is urgently required. For now there is no acceptable method that can ensure kill fish humanely and all the commercially used methods of slaughter for farmed fish include a prolonged period of consciousness. Four slaughtering methods were applied, over-dose of four anaesthetics (three essential oils Origanum vulgare, Eugenia aromatica, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and 2-phenoxyethanol), asphyxia, bleeding and immersion in ice-water, in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Asphyxia, considered inhumane, but solely used in all wild fish, is also being assessed in Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus L.). Plasma cortisol and DNA fragmentation were measured as indicators, to assess stress response and genotoxicity of essential oils. Overdose of all examined essential oils, proved to induce less stress in comparison to asphyxia, bleeding and immersion in ice-water. O. vulgare, E. aromatica and C. zeylanicum demonstrated higher efficiency in blocking plasma cortisol response to stress in gilthead seabream and lower genotoxic effect, compared to other slaughtering techniques. Asphyxia was confirmed as very stressful slaughtering method in both experimental and wild fish.
{"title":"Effect of Origanum vulgare, Eugenia aromatica and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Essential Oils as Welfare Promoters in Gilthead Seabream during Slaughter","authors":"Panagiotaki Panagiota, N. Olga, Karatzinos Theodoros, A. Zoe, Fleris Georgios","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.20.10.580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.20.10.580","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of three essential oils, Origanum vulgare, Eugenia aromatica and Cinnamomum zeylanicum as slaughter anaesthetic agents, is presently assessed. Commercial stunning methods inducing rapid unconsciousness in fish before slaughtering, is urgently required. For now there is no acceptable method that can ensure kill fish humanely and all the commercially used methods of slaughter for farmed fish include a prolonged period of consciousness. Four slaughtering methods were applied, over-dose of four anaesthetics (three essential oils Origanum vulgare, Eugenia aromatica, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and 2-phenoxyethanol), asphyxia, bleeding and immersion in ice-water, in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Asphyxia, considered inhumane, but solely used in all wild fish, is also being assessed in Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus L.). Plasma cortisol and DNA fragmentation were measured as indicators, to assess stress response and genotoxicity of essential oils. Overdose of all examined essential oils, proved to induce less stress in comparison to asphyxia, bleeding and immersion in ice-water. O. vulgare, E. aromatica and C. zeylanicum demonstrated higher efficiency in blocking plasma cortisol response to stress in gilthead seabream and lower genotoxic effect, compared to other slaughtering techniques. Asphyxia was confirmed as very stressful slaughtering method in both experimental and wild fish.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"139 3-4","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72579505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.608
Holeh Gm, Ochiewo Jo, S. Tsuma, Mi-Sook Do
Mariculture interventions in Kenya have been introduced with limited training provided to the farmers. For sustainable aquaculture development under KCDP, farmer’s trainings are prioritized. The study was conducted to investigate the awareness level of aquaculture and impact of trainings to the local communities from Kilifi and Kwale in coastal Kenya. A questionnaire was used to collect information and a sample size of 30 communities randomly selected from each of the two counties. Data analysis was carried out using MS Excel and Minitab where the respondent’s views in the pre and post training period were tabulated and displayed in form of percentages. Using correspondence analysis technique, participants’ views were characterized on knowledge capacity of questions displayed in an asymmetric row plot against the selected ranks in form of a Likert scale where farmers indicates Yes, Little or No as per their understanding of the question. 81.4% of the new farmers had no idea about fish farming, 9.30% had little idea and 9.30% had idea on fish farming. On practicing farmers, 61.23% had no idea on fish farming, 14.28% got a little idea and 24.49% agreed to have ideas on fish farming. Farmers confessed to know different culture facilities after the trainings, this study concludes that information is vital and there is still difficulty in sharing it to create a platform for more production and meaningful jobs for communities. It is recommended that extension agents should reach out to communities and pass useful information for farming profitability.
{"title":"Impact of Aquaculture and Mariculture Information Dissemination to the Local Coastal Communities in Kenya","authors":"Holeh Gm, Ochiewo Jo, S. Tsuma, Mi-Sook Do","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.608","url":null,"abstract":"Mariculture interventions in Kenya have been introduced with limited training provided to the farmers. For sustainable aquaculture development under KCDP, farmer’s trainings are prioritized. The study was conducted to investigate the awareness level of aquaculture and impact of trainings to the local communities from Kilifi and Kwale in coastal Kenya. A questionnaire was used to collect information and a sample size of 30 communities randomly selected from each of the two counties. Data analysis was carried out using MS Excel and Minitab where the respondent’s views in the pre and post training period were tabulated and displayed in form of percentages. Using correspondence analysis technique, participants’ views were characterized on knowledge capacity of questions displayed in an asymmetric row plot against the selected ranks in form of a Likert scale where farmers indicates Yes, Little or No as per their understanding of the question. 81.4% of the new farmers had no idea about fish farming, 9.30% had little idea and 9.30% had idea on fish farming. On practicing farmers, 61.23% had no idea on fish farming, 14.28% got a little idea and 24.49% agreed to have ideas on fish farming. Farmers confessed to know different culture facilities after the trainings, this study concludes that information is vital and there is still difficulty in sharing it to create a platform for more production and meaningful jobs for communities. It is recommended that extension agents should reach out to communities and pass useful information for farming profitability.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"81 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74843140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.19.11.585
Ajan Chellappan, Praba Thangamani, Shyni Markose, Selvaraj Thangaswamy, Uma Ganapathi, Citarasu Thavasimuthu, Michaelbabu Mariavincent
Maintenance of algal culture faces several problems associated with climate change, contaminations, equipment failures, power failures, unexplained crashes, poor lab facilities. Microalgae are traditionally preserved by serial subculture methods that are laborious, costly, and high risk of culture contamination. While unique characteristics may not be durably maintained with general subculture, cryopreservation methods better prevent alterations from desired characteristics. Because of the cost-effective in replacing of liquid nitrogen at every interval of time and technical person needed for the preservation. The objective is to find out an alternative and a low-cost technology for the preservation of microalgae Stock culture. The microalgae Nannochloropsis salina, Chlorella volutis, Cheatoceros gracilis, Dunaliella sp. and Amphora sp., were preserved using common cryoprotectants (methanol, DMSO, ethylene glycol and glycerol) for 6 months at –196°C and –20°C. The viabilities of the microalgae were assessed after thawing, and cell counts were measured. The preserved algae Nannochloropsis salina, Chlorella volutis, Dunaliella sp. and Amphora sp. evoked good responses with negligible changes in their survivability in 6 months incubation period when preserved at –20°C and – 196°C, while the Cheatoceros gracilis regenerate only in –196°C but not restored in –20°C. In this study, an alternative method for liquid nitrogen preservation has been standardized and this new method can be a boon for small level fish hatcheries and microalgal stock holders.
{"title":"Development of Alternative Technology for the Long-term Storage of Microalgal Stock Culture in Fish Hatcheries","authors":"Ajan Chellappan, Praba Thangamani, Shyni Markose, Selvaraj Thangaswamy, Uma Ganapathi, Citarasu Thavasimuthu, Michaelbabu Mariavincent","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.19.11.585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.19.11.585","url":null,"abstract":"Maintenance of algal culture faces several problems associated with climate change, contaminations, equipment failures, power failures, unexplained crashes, poor lab facilities. Microalgae are traditionally preserved by serial subculture methods that are laborious, costly, and high risk of culture contamination. While unique characteristics may not be durably maintained with general subculture, cryopreservation methods better prevent alterations from desired characteristics. Because of the cost-effective in replacing of liquid nitrogen at every interval of time and technical person needed for the preservation. The objective is to find out an alternative and a low-cost technology for the preservation of microalgae Stock culture. The microalgae Nannochloropsis salina, Chlorella volutis, Cheatoceros gracilis, Dunaliella sp. and Amphora sp., were preserved using common cryoprotectants (methanol, DMSO, ethylene glycol and glycerol) for 6 months at –196°C and –20°C. The viabilities of the microalgae were assessed after thawing, and cell counts were measured. The preserved algae Nannochloropsis salina, Chlorella volutis, Dunaliella sp. and Amphora sp. evoked good responses with negligible changes in their survivability in 6 months incubation period when preserved at –20°C and – 196°C, while the Cheatoceros gracilis regenerate only in –196°C but not restored in –20°C. In this study, an alternative method for liquid nitrogen preservation has been standardized and this new method can be a boon for small level fish hatcheries and microalgal stock holders.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85401290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nile Tilapia a freshwater cichlid that is indigenous to the Nile basin and one of the world’s most important food fishes. Owing to its hardy nature and its wide range of trophic and ecological adaptations and the second most i mportant cultured species. Even though, it is susceptible to the parasite. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to April 2018 to determine the prevalence of internal nematode parasites of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish in a southwestern part of Lake Tana, Central Gondar, Ethiopia. The study was performed on a total of 384 Oreochromis niloticus fish species which were purposively selected from local fisherman caught using different mesh sized gill nets. Results: The overall prevalence of internal nematode parasites in this study was 57.3% (220/384). The genera of nematode identified in the body of Oreochromis niloticus were Contracaecum the most prevalent 209 (54.4%), the second genus was Eustrongylides 7 (1.8%) and the list prevalent was Camallanus 4 (1%). The prevalence of nematode was slightly higher in female 196 (58.2%) than male 188 (56.4%) fishes. Similarly, the infection rate in adult and young and in larger and medium fish was higher. Conclusion: This higher prevalence observed was predominantly related to the distribution of piscivorous birds which are more abundant in an area, where there are high fishing activities and increase the number of discarded filleted wastes. Peoples who have developed the habit of consuming raw fish are at higher risk of becoming infected by the zoonotic nematode parasites. Therefore, awareness creation activities and control of fish parasites should be conducted in the study Lake.
{"title":"Prevalence of Internal Nematode Parasites of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fish Species caught from Southwestern Part of Lake Tana, Central Gondar, Ethiopia","authors":"Muluken Abiyu, Gebrekrustos Mekonnen, Kidanu Hailay","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.582","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nile Tilapia a freshwater cichlid that is indigenous to the Nile basin and one of the world’s most important food fishes. Owing to its hardy nature and its wide range of trophic and ecological adaptations and the second most i mportant cultured species. Even though, it is susceptible to the parasite. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to April 2018 to determine the prevalence of internal nematode parasites of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish in a southwestern part of Lake Tana, Central Gondar, Ethiopia. The study was performed on a total of 384 Oreochromis niloticus fish species which were purposively selected from local fisherman caught using different mesh sized gill nets. Results: The overall prevalence of internal nematode parasites in this study was 57.3% (220/384). The genera of nematode identified in the body of Oreochromis niloticus were Contracaecum the most prevalent 209 (54.4%), the second genus was Eustrongylides 7 (1.8%) and the list prevalent was Camallanus 4 (1%). The prevalence of nematode was slightly higher in female 196 (58.2%) than male 188 (56.4%) fishes. Similarly, the infection rate in adult and young and in larger and medium fish was higher. Conclusion: This higher prevalence observed was predominantly related to the distribution of piscivorous birds which are more abundant in an area, where there are high fishing activities and increase the number of discarded filleted wastes. Peoples who have developed the habit of consuming raw fish are at higher risk of becoming infected by the zoonotic nematode parasites. Therefore, awareness creation activities and control of fish parasites should be conducted in the study Lake.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"180 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78568285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.596
Lameck Deomedes
The study was conducted in Coast region specifically in Kibaha, Kisarawe and Bagamoyo Districts. study aimed to determine water quality dynamics, pond characteristics and productivity; and nutritive values of feeds used in catfish farm. Water quality parameters was measured by water proof portable logging multi-parameter meter HANNA MODEL (H198194), feed samples were collected from catfish farmers and proximate analysis was conducted according to standard procedures given in Association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC,1980), pond characteristics and productivity data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Results indicated that Bagamoyo had highest temperature (29.94°C±1.70), pH (7.58±0.86) and DO (6.16ppm±0.76). Kisarawe showed highest TDS (1536.12ppm±2236.183) and Salinity (0.74±0.03), Kibaha indicated highest conductivity (1832/Ω/cm±60.69). The CP content was highest in feed sample A (32.96%) and lowest for feed sample E ( 16.85%), Feed C had highest crude fibre CF (11.04%) and sample A had lowest CF (0.36%). Feed A C had lowest EE (3.23%) and highest EE (9.76%) respectively. Highest and lowest fish yield, revenue and profit were recorded in Bagomoyo and Kibaha respectively, highest and lowest FCR were recorded in Kibaha (1.119) and Bagomoyo (0.794) respectively. The highest TDS was recorded in Kisarawe. Government should identify aquaculture zones, give subsidies to seed and feed manufactures so that farmers can incur little cost of production and impose inspections to feeds which are being manufactured.
这项研究是在沿海地区进行的，特别是在基巴哈、基萨拉维和巴加莫约地区。研究旨在确定水质动态、池塘特征和生产力;以及鲶鱼养殖场饲料的营养价值。水质参数采用防水便携式测井多参数仪HANNA MODEL (H198194)测量，饲料样品采集自鲶鱼养殖户，并根据官方分析化学家协会(AOAC,1980)给出的标准程序进行近似分析，池塘特征和生产力数据通过自我填写的问卷收集。结果表明，巴加莫约的最高温度为29.94°C±1.70,pH为7.58±0.86,DO为6.16ppm±0.76。Kisarawe的TDS (1536.12ppm±2236.183)和盐度(0.74±0.03)最高，Kibaha的电导率(1832/Ω/cm±60.69)最高。粗纤维含量以饲料A最高(32.96%)，饲料E最低(16.85%)，饲料C粗纤维CF最高(11.04%)，饲料A最低(0.36%)。饲料A C的EE最低(3.23%)，EE最高(9.76%)。产量、收入和利润最高和最低的分别是巴戈莫约和吉巴哈，渔获率最高和最低的分别是吉巴哈(1.119)和巴戈莫约(0.794)。最高的TDS记录在基萨拉维。政府应确定水产养殖区，向种子和饲料生产商提供补贴，使农民可以承担很少的生产成本，并对正在生产的饲料进行检查。
{"title":"Assessment of Pond Productivity in African Catfish Farms","authors":"Lameck Deomedes","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.596","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Coast region specifically in Kibaha, Kisarawe and Bagamoyo Districts. study aimed to determine water quality dynamics, pond characteristics and productivity; and nutritive values of feeds used in catfish farm. Water quality parameters was measured by water proof portable logging multi-parameter meter HANNA MODEL (H198194), feed samples were collected from catfish farmers and proximate analysis was conducted according to standard procedures given in Association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC,1980), pond characteristics and productivity data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Results indicated that Bagamoyo had highest temperature (29.94°C±1.70), pH (7.58±0.86) and DO (6.16ppm±0.76). Kisarawe showed highest TDS (1536.12ppm±2236.183) and Salinity (0.74±0.03), Kibaha indicated highest conductivity (1832/Ω/cm±60.69). The CP content was highest in feed sample A (32.96%) and lowest for feed sample E ( 16.85%), Feed C had highest crude fibre CF (11.04%) and sample A had lowest CF (0.36%). Feed A C had lowest EE (3.23%) and highest EE (9.76%) respectively. Highest and lowest fish yield, revenue and profit were recorded in Bagomoyo and Kibaha respectively, highest and lowest FCR were recorded in Kibaha (1.119) and Bagomoyo (0.794) respectively. The highest TDS was recorded in Kisarawe. Government should identify aquaculture zones, give subsidies to seed and feed manufactures so that farmers can incur little cost of production and impose inspections to feeds which are being manufactured.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78795531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.591
Zia Hoseini
The environment has always aroused significant concerns regarding urban development and population increase. Whereas the economy is based upon local resources, it implies to local pollution. The complex would illuminate the functions of ecological and eco-political modernization towards the shrimp farming in Ecuador. The review continues the controversy on flows, development and practices as a case simulation with locals to examine the social conflicts in this regards. The paper is in favour of an eco-labelling strategy and discusses the main obstacles and barriers in shrimp mariculture. The technical approaches have been specified in this case. Finally, the discussion will conclude the responsibility of stakeholders and decision-makers to achieve a sustainably developed aquaculture and improving seafood industry.
{"title":"Shrimp Aquacultureandrsquo;s Development Perspectives Reviewing on Improving Strategies and Management Plans in Ecuadorian Shrimp Industry","authors":"Zia Hoseini","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.591","url":null,"abstract":"The environment has always aroused significant concerns regarding urban development and population increase. Whereas the economy is based upon local resources, it implies to local pollution. The complex would illuminate the functions of ecological and eco-political modernization towards the shrimp farming in Ecuador. The review continues the controversy on flows, development and practices as a case simulation with locals to examine the social conflicts in this regards. The paper is in favour of an eco-labelling strategy and discusses the main obstacles and barriers in shrimp mariculture. The technical approaches have been specified in this case. Finally, the discussion will conclude the responsibility of stakeholders and decision-makers to achieve a sustainably developed aquaculture and improving seafood industry.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76259562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.19.11.586
Sauti Kalima, Jere Wl, Alex, er Shula Kefi
The current study evaluates the growth performance of mono and mixed sex O. tanganicae under semi concreate pond culture conditions. Monosex O. tanganicae were produced on a 60mgMT/kg (17α Methyl- Testosterone) hormone incorporated diet while the mixed sex was raised on same feed but devoid of the hormone for a period of 28 days. The experiment was replicated three times and in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Five hundred fry were stocked in each hapa and fed with commercial Novatek feed containing 45% protein @ 10% of their body weight per day for 30 days. A day after post exposure of the hormone for the monosex, the growth (Length and weight) and SGR was compared among both the groups. The highest mean weight gain of 2.184 ± 0.184 g and SGR 6.506 ± 0.242 was noticed for monosex O. tanganicae. These growth parameters were statistically significant as compared to mixed sex. The study therefore, revealed that on the basis of better growth performance, monosex O. tanganicae it is recommend farming technique for better returns.
{"title":"Growth Performance of Monosex and Mixed Sex of Oreochromis tanganicae (Ganduuml;nther, 1894) Raised in Semi Concreate Ponds","authors":"Sauti Kalima, Jere Wl, Alex, er Shula Kefi","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.19.11.586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.19.11.586","url":null,"abstract":"The current study evaluates the growth performance of mono and mixed sex O. tanganicae under semi concreate pond culture conditions. Monosex O. tanganicae were produced on a 60mgMT/kg (17α Methyl- Testosterone) hormone incorporated diet while the mixed sex was raised on same feed but devoid of the hormone for a period of 28 days. The experiment was replicated three times and in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Five hundred fry were stocked in each hapa and fed with commercial Novatek feed containing 45% protein @ 10% of their body weight per day for 30 days. A day after post exposure of the hormone for the monosex, the growth (Length and weight) and SGR was compared among both the groups. The highest mean weight gain of 2.184 ± 0.184 g and SGR 6.506 ± 0.242 was noticed for monosex O. tanganicae. These growth parameters were statistically significant as compared to mixed sex. The study therefore, revealed that on the basis of better growth performance, monosex O. tanganicae it is recommend farming technique for better returns.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87250166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.606
Arowolo Oo, Adeosun Fi, Omoniyi It, Abdul Wo, A. O. Bashir, Amosu Oa, O. Egunjobi
This study was conducted to determine the Length-weight relationship, Condition factor and Feeding habit of two commercial fish species Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis and Brycinus macrolepidotus in Ikere Gorge. A total of 561 samples (276 Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis and 285 Brycinus macrolepidotus) were caught from experimental gill net between October 2015 to November 2016 across five fishing site. Sex ratio show significant different p <0.05 across all location in favor of females in Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis. Male dominancy was recorded for Brycinus macrolepidotus in most fishing site with chi square value of 18.33. Growth pattern for Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis showed positive allometric in three of the sampling locations (Oyo junction, Apata and Spillway) with b value >3 and poor environmental condition less than 1 in all the locations. Brycinus macrolepidotus observed negative allometric growth pattern in all the sampling location with better ecological condition (K values >1). Stomach index expressed as percentage indicate that Brycinus macrolepidotus had the highest percentage of empty stomach (35.44%) while Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis recorded low value of empty stomach (0.36%). Size class food composition by Brycinus macrolepidotus and Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis showed a wide spectrum of items ingested at the various stages of life. Broad classification showed that Juveniles fed on Desmidiaceae as dominant item (34.91% and 32.03%), followed by Chlorophyceae (31.10% and 33.95%); Sub-adult fed on Chlorophyceae (28.38% and 39.80%), followed by Protozoans (18.96% and 19.68%), while Adult fed on Rotifers (28.91% and 13.17%) followed by Bacillarophyceae, (17.07% and 18.63%). The present of Sub adult and adult was notice in Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis, Green algae (19.96% and 17.92%) follow by Diatoms (17.50% and 24.37%); while in Adult Green algae (19.89% and 19.23%) follow by Diatoms (18.21% and 21.41%). This shows that as the fish species increases in size food item ingested also increase. Base on the identify food items in the stomach of both species Brycinus macrolepidotus is classified as Omnivore while Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis indicate Herbivore nature.
{"title":"Length-Weight Relationship, Condition Factor and Natural Diet of Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis and Brycinus macrolepidotus in Ikere Gorge, South-West, Nigeria","authors":"Arowolo Oo, Adeosun Fi, Omoniyi It, Abdul Wo, A. O. Bashir, Amosu Oa, O. Egunjobi","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.20.11.606","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the Length-weight relationship, Condition factor and Feeding habit of two commercial fish species Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis and Brycinus macrolepidotus in Ikere Gorge. A total of 561 samples (276 Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis and 285 Brycinus macrolepidotus) were caught from experimental gill net between October 2015 to November 2016 across five fishing site. Sex ratio show significant different p <0.05 across all location in favor of females in Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis. Male dominancy was recorded for Brycinus macrolepidotus in most fishing site with chi square value of 18.33. Growth pattern for Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis showed positive allometric in three of the sampling locations (Oyo junction, Apata and Spillway) with b value >3 and poor environmental condition less than 1 in all the locations. Brycinus macrolepidotus observed negative allometric growth pattern in all the sampling location with better ecological condition (K values >1). Stomach index expressed as percentage indicate that Brycinus macrolepidotus had the highest percentage of empty stomach (35.44%) while Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis recorded low value of empty stomach (0.36%). Size class food composition by Brycinus macrolepidotus and Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis showed a wide spectrum of items ingested at the various stages of life. Broad classification showed that Juveniles fed on Desmidiaceae as dominant item (34.91% and 32.03%), followed by Chlorophyceae (31.10% and 33.95%); Sub-adult fed on Chlorophyceae (28.38% and 39.80%), followed by Protozoans (18.96% and 19.68%), while Adult fed on Rotifers (28.91% and 13.17%) followed by Bacillarophyceae, (17.07% and 18.63%). The present of Sub adult and adult was notice in Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis, Green algae (19.96% and 17.92%) follow by Diatoms (17.50% and 24.37%); while in Adult Green algae (19.89% and 19.23%) follow by Diatoms (18.21% and 21.41%). This shows that as the fish species increases in size food item ingested also increase. Base on the identify food items in the stomach of both species Brycinus macrolepidotus is classified as Omnivore while Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis indicate Herbivore nature.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75440539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.587
Nir Tzohari
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of partial or total replacement of fish meal by plant protein (PP) sources (0%, 50% and 100% PP) with not amino acids were added in diets on growth performance, survival rate, feed utilization and fish body chemical composition of gilthead Sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) fry under the water environment of Qaroun Lake. Survival rate was within the range 65–83.75%. The results cleared that the partial or total replacement of fish meal protein by plant protein had significant effects (P0.05) on the growth performance parameters such as final weight, total weight gain, daily gain and specific growth rate. The highest growth performance parameters were obtained with the diet contained 0% of plant protein (100% fish meal protein (FM)) compared with the other diets (50 and 100% PP). Feed intake values were highest with diet containing (100% FM). Also, the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded with diet containing (100% FM). While, the worst FCR was recorded with diet containing (100% PP). The lowest crude protein and ether extract body content were with diet contained (100% PP). But, the highest body content of crude protein and ether extract were with diet (100% FM), however moisture body content value was highest with diet (100% PP). Accordingly, the improvement of all growth performance parameters in diets containing higher levels of fish meal in Sea bream. And growth performance parameters were decreased with increasing plant protein in diets without not amino acids were added under the experimental conditions.
{"title":"Effect of Partial or Total Replacement of Fish Meal by Plant Protein Sources on Productive Performance of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) Fry under the Water Environment of Qaroun Lake","authors":"Nir Tzohari","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.19.10.587","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of partial or total replacement of fish meal by plant protein (PP) sources (0%, 50% and 100% PP) with not amino acids were added in diets on growth performance, survival rate, feed utilization and fish body chemical composition of gilthead Sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) fry under the water environment of Qaroun Lake. Survival rate was within the range 65–83.75%. The results cleared that the partial or total replacement of fish meal protein by plant protein had significant effects (P0.05) on the growth performance parameters such as final weight, total weight gain, daily gain and specific growth rate. The highest growth performance parameters were obtained with the diet contained 0% of plant protein (100% fish meal protein (FM)) compared with the other diets (50 and 100% PP). Feed intake values were highest with diet containing (100% FM). Also, the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded with diet containing (100% FM). While, the worst FCR was recorded with diet containing (100% PP). The lowest crude protein and ether extract body content were with diet contained (100% PP). But, the highest body content of crude protein and ether extract were with diet (100% FM), however moisture body content value was highest with diet (100% PP). Accordingly, the improvement of all growth performance parameters in diets containing higher levels of fish meal in Sea bream. And growth performance parameters were decreased with increasing plant protein in diets without not amino acids were added under the experimental conditions.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"830 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77547508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9546.20.10.590
S. Hirayama, S. Tashiro, Kohei Inoue, Kazuya Urata, M. Iima, Y. Ikegami
Sterile mutants of green algae in the genus Ulva have the potential to grow stably and are expected to be a suitable food or feed resource containing various nutrients, such as proteins and minerals. In this study, we isolated U. lactuca and U. pertusa from Tokyo Bay and Imari Bay, respectively, in Japan and evaluated their growth rates using a model reactor at Imari. The newly isolated U. lactuca had a growth rate of approximately 11.4 g-dry·m−2·d−1, which is estimated to be seven times greater than the rice yield in paddy fields, while repeatedly cultured U. lactuca had a growth rate of 8.1 g-dry·m−2·d−1. We also demonstrated that this species could be produced in subculture. Heavy metal analysis showed that after culture production, As, Cr, Pb, and Zn were present at concentrations of 0.1 ppm or less and Cd and Hg were below the detection limit for both Ulva species, indicating that long-term cultured sterile Ulva species have almost no accumulation of heavy metals and so would meet safety requirements for use in foods and feeds. Based on these findings, we designed a new type of efficient production system for sterile mutant Ulva spp. using enriched seawater.
{"title":"Long-term Culture Characteristics of Sterile Ulva spp. (Chlorophyta)","authors":"S. Hirayama, S. Tashiro, Kohei Inoue, Kazuya Urata, M. Iima, Y. Ikegami","doi":"10.35248/2155-9546.20.10.590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9546.20.10.590","url":null,"abstract":"Sterile mutants of green algae in the genus Ulva have the potential to grow stably and are expected to be a suitable food or feed resource containing various nutrients, such as proteins and minerals. In this study, we isolated U. lactuca and U. pertusa from Tokyo Bay and Imari Bay, respectively, in Japan and evaluated their growth rates using a model reactor at Imari. The newly isolated U. lactuca had a growth rate of approximately 11.4 g-dry·m−2·d−1, which is estimated to be seven times greater than the rice yield in paddy fields, while repeatedly cultured U. lactuca had a growth rate of 8.1 g-dry·m−2·d−1. We also demonstrated that this species could be produced in subculture. Heavy metal analysis showed that after culture production, As, Cr, Pb, and Zn were present at concentrations of 0.1 ppm or less and Cd and Hg were below the detection limit for both Ulva species, indicating that long-term cultured sterile Ulva species have almost no accumulation of heavy metals and so would meet safety requirements for use in foods and feeds. Based on these findings, we designed a new type of efficient production system for sterile mutant Ulva spp. using enriched seawater.","PeriodicalId":15243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80129635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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