Alda Titania Dewanti, M. Fitrah, Budi Setiawan, A. Suryanto, Rismawati Rasyid
Biodiesel merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif. Biodiesel dapat dibuat dari minyak sawit dan bahan baku lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh katalis (NaOH/Ni/γ-Al2O3) pada reaksi transesterfikasi minyak kelapa sawit terhadap persentase rendemen biodiesel, densitas, persentase etil ester, serta konversi asam lemak bebas dari produk biodiesel dari minyak kelapa sawit. Proses pembuatan biodiesel melalui transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan pereaksi etanol pada suhu 60oC dengan penambahan katalis NaOH/Ni/γ-Al2O3 . Setelah waktu reaksi yang ditentukan, produk biodiesel didiamkan selama 24 jam ini bertujuan agar terjadi pemisahan antara sisa etanol, dan gliserol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan, produk biodiesel terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah produk dengan persentase katalis 4% dan waktu reaksi 3 jam. Produk biodiesel ini, menghasilkan persentase rendemen sebesar 94,26% dan persentase etil ester sebesar 89,21% dan nilai konversi FFA sebesar 85,28%.
生物柴油是一种替代燃料。生物柴油可以由棕榈油和其他原料制成。这项研究旨在研究催化剂的影响(NaOH - Ni -γ-Al2O3)在transesterfikasi棕榈油反应百分比rendemen生物柴油,密度脂肪酸自由转换、乙醇以斯帖的百分比从棕榈油生物柴油产品。通过transesterifikasi棕榈油生产生物柴油的过程与温度的乙醇60oC试剂添加催化剂NaOH / Ni /γ-Al2O3。在确定的反应时间后，生物柴油产品静音24小时，目的是将乙醇和甘油的剩余部分分开。根据所作的研究和数据处理，本研究中使用的最好的生物柴油产品为4%的催化剂百分比和3小时的反应时间。这种生物柴油产品产生了94.26%的表现率和etil ester的百分比为89.21%，反皈依率为85.28%。
{"title":"Uji Aktifitas Katalis NaOH/Ni/gamma Al2O3 pada Proses Transesterifikasi Minyak Kelapa Sawit","authors":"Alda Titania Dewanti, M. Fitrah, Budi Setiawan, A. Suryanto, Rismawati Rasyid","doi":"10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.899","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif. Biodiesel dapat dibuat dari minyak sawit dan bahan baku lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh katalis (NaOH/Ni/γ-Al2O3) pada reaksi transesterfikasi minyak kelapa sawit terhadap persentase rendemen biodiesel, densitas, persentase etil ester, serta konversi asam lemak bebas dari produk biodiesel dari minyak kelapa sawit. Proses pembuatan biodiesel melalui transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan pereaksi etanol pada suhu 60oC dengan penambahan katalis NaOH/Ni/γ-Al2O3 . Setelah waktu reaksi yang ditentukan, produk biodiesel didiamkan selama 24 jam ini bertujuan agar terjadi pemisahan antara sisa etanol, dan gliserol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan, produk biodiesel terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah produk dengan persentase katalis 4% dan waktu reaksi 3 jam. Produk biodiesel ini, menghasilkan persentase rendemen sebesar 94,26% dan persentase etil ester sebesar 89,21% dan nilai konversi FFA sebesar 85,28%.","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74495132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy conservation has recently become one of the most important considerations in industries, especially in petrochemical industries. This is due to the limited availability of fuel which affects the price of energy sources, as well as the tightening of the regulations concerning environmental and social issues related to pollutant emissions produced by industries. The successful energy-saving efforts made by industries impact on not only lowering production costs but also indirectly preserving natural resources as well as reducing the pollution of CO2 which is one of the gases contributing to global warming. Pinch analysis has been widely known for process integration, especially in heat integration, in order to gain energy efficiency and cost efficiency in many industries for decade. The analysis allows selection of efficient heat exchanger network with minimum hot and cold energy requirement. By using pinch analysis, the number of heat exchanger units required could also be minimized which leads to the optimum cost of operational and investment. Pinch analysis is also allowing for the investigation of any pinch problems, such as pinch threshold problems, cross pinch problems, and problems related to incorrect placement of utilities which impacted to the wastefulness of energy consumption. Despite many success studies of highly potential saving of heat integration through pinch analysis, the real implementation of efficient and effective heat exchanger network (HEN) based on pinch analysis is still facing difficulties, for example in term of flexibility and controllability of operation. This paper provides preliminary information in increasing energy efficiency or energy savings when utilizing pinch technology considering operability and flexibility of its operation for retrofitting units for chemical industrial plants.
{"title":"Operability and Flexibility of Pinch Applications on Heat Exchanger Network in Chemical Industry – A Review","authors":"Levina Mandalagiri, A. Irawan, S. Yani","doi":"10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.897","url":null,"abstract":"Energy conservation has recently become one of the most important considerations in industries, especially in petrochemical industries. This is due to the limited availability of fuel which affects the price of energy sources, as well as the tightening of the regulations concerning environmental and social issues related to pollutant emissions produced by industries. The successful energy-saving efforts made by industries impact on not only lowering production costs but also indirectly preserving natural resources as well as reducing the pollution of CO2 which is one of the gases contributing to global warming. Pinch analysis has been widely known for process integration, especially in heat integration, in order to gain energy efficiency and cost efficiency in many industries for decade. The analysis allows selection of efficient heat exchanger network with minimum hot and cold energy requirement. By using pinch analysis, the number of heat exchanger units required could also be minimized which leads to the optimum cost of operational and investment. Pinch analysis is also allowing for the investigation of any pinch problems, such as pinch threshold problems, cross pinch problems, and problems related to incorrect placement of utilities which impacted to the wastefulness of energy consumption. Despite many success studies of highly potential saving of heat integration through pinch analysis, the real implementation of efficient and effective heat exchanger network (HEN) based on pinch analysis is still facing difficulties, for example in term of flexibility and controllability of operation. This paper provides preliminary information in increasing energy efficiency or energy savings when utilizing pinch technology considering operability and flexibility of its operation for retrofitting units for chemical industrial plants.","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85670418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Produksi Bahan Bakar Cair Dari Limbah Plastik Polypropylene (PP) Metode Pirolisis","authors":"H. Azis, Hanizah Batu Rante","doi":"10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80187723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.423
R. Vijayaram
Energy is the key source of input to drive and improve the life cycle. The finiteness of fossil fuel has increased the demand for other sources. Biodiesels are promising alternative fuel and they are renewable. It has gained attention due to the smallness of fuels and environmental concern. The usage of liquid fuels prepared from used edible oil by transesterification process is one of the alternate methods for the use of fossil fuels. The recent focus relies on using used edible oil for producing biodiesel.
{"title":"Production of Biodiesel from Edible Oils","authors":"R. Vijayaram","doi":"10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.423","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is the key source of input to drive and improve the life cycle. The finiteness of fossil fuel has increased the demand for other sources. Biodiesels are promising alternative fuel and they are renewable. It has gained attention due to the smallness of fuels and environmental concern. The usage of liquid fuels prepared from used edible oil by transesterification process is one of the alternate methods for the use of fossil fuels. The recent focus relies on using used edible oil for producing biodiesel.","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"67 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72903914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.419
U. Tuzun
Industrial case studies play an increasingly important role in the teaching of systems engineering and sustainability within an industrial ecological framework utilising metacognitive and experiential learning principles. The principal classroom teaching tool of the experiential learning combines the student’s development of self-awareness and selfevaluation skills whilst they focus on providing optimal solutions to challenges provided by industrial case study examples. The learning process here relies on developmental and experiential learning with students attempting at iterative improvements to the industrial processes and plant operations being studied with a view to create a “best fit” to the efficiency of use of the resources at hand, specific ecological setting and circular economy constraints regarding recycle, re-use and regeneration of resources. Two alternative approaches of iterative case study evaluations are presented and compared here; one relying on the “bottom-up” approach to systems identification and development to enable the use of new material and energy resources and the other on a “top-down” approach to evaluate and improve an existing system of complex and integrated process plant operations. In each case, the student is challenged in an increasing order of complexity of issues through a self-learning and evaluation process which also requires the necessary deepening of engagement with the normative knowledge base comprising of core engineering and applied science teaching curricula. The additional benefit of the student-centered teaching and learning (see also Tuzun 2020 [8]) is the ability to draw upon core scientific and engineering science “hands-on”; as opposed to classic passive learning by lectures and tutorials in advance of any case study applications to real-life challenges.
{"title":"Self-Evaluation of Industrial Case Studies with Iterative Improvements to Support Chemical and Biological Systems Engineering and Sustainability Teaching and Learning","authors":"U. Tuzun","doi":"10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.419","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial case studies play an increasingly important role in the teaching of systems engineering and sustainability within an industrial ecological framework utilising metacognitive and experiential learning principles. The principal classroom teaching tool of the experiential learning combines the student’s development of self-awareness and selfevaluation skills whilst they focus on providing optimal solutions to challenges provided by industrial case study examples. The learning process here relies on developmental and experiential learning with students attempting at iterative improvements to the industrial processes and plant operations being studied with a view to create a “best fit” to the efficiency of use of the resources at hand, specific ecological setting and circular economy constraints regarding recycle, re-use and regeneration of resources. Two alternative approaches of iterative case study evaluations are presented and compared here; one relying on the “bottom-up” approach to systems identification and development to enable the use of new material and energy resources and the other on a “top-down” approach to evaluate and improve an existing system of complex and integrated process plant operations. In each case, the student is challenged in an increasing order of complexity of issues through a self-learning and evaluation process which also requires the necessary deepening of engagement with the normative knowledge base comprising of core engineering and applied science teaching curricula. The additional benefit of the student-centered teaching and learning (see also Tuzun 2020 [8]) is the ability to draw upon core scientific and engineering science “hands-on”; as opposed to classic passive learning by lectures and tutorials in advance of any case study applications to real-life challenges.","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73928167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.420
D. F. Ahmed, Safa Khalaf Ateya
In this paper a novel ratio control scheme is proposed for fluid catalytic cracking unit. Based on a developed mathematical model, the dynamic simulator of a fluid catalytic unit is used to implement two schemes of ratio controller. The performance of the control scheme proposed here is tested using integral Absolut error. The results of simulation are successfully compared with the plant data. Comparison with PI controller, the ratio controller scheme one in maintaining controlled variables is very close to their set points. Here, with an application to a FCC unit of ratio control scheme one results obtained is found to be acceptable and it would be effectively used for improved process control of FCC in refinery process industry.
{"title":"Simulation and Ratio Control of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit","authors":"D. F. Ahmed, Safa Khalaf Ateya","doi":"10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.420","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel ratio control scheme is proposed for fluid catalytic cracking unit. Based on a developed mathematical model, the dynamic simulator of a fluid catalytic unit is used to implement two schemes of ratio controller. The performance of the control scheme proposed here is tested using integral Absolut error. The results of simulation are successfully compared with the plant data. Comparison with PI controller, the ratio controller scheme one in maintaining controlled variables is very close to their set points. Here, with an application to a FCC unit of ratio control scheme one results obtained is found to be acceptable and it would be effectively used for improved process control of FCC in refinery process industry.","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87260828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.421
U. Tuzun
The mathematical framework of the principles of holistic systems interactions is demonstrated by facilitating experiential learning with specific industrial case study examples. Two industrial case study examples are introduced as potential interactive teaching tools. Industrial case studies play an increasingly important role in the teaching of systems engineering and sustainability within an industrial ecological framework utilizing metacognitive and experiential learning principles. Each individual case study example makes use of the “closed loop” optimization of material and energy inflows and outflows to minimize waste and harmful environmental emissions. The attainment of the “closed loop” is achieved by facilitating successive progressive stages of materials and energy recovery and re-processing coupled with the re-utilization and regeneration of intermediate byproducts and waste from each successive processing stage. The options that can be exercised to minimize harmful environmental impacts are explored by progressive sampling within the possibility envelope. The learner is expected to demonstrate the systematic process of “narrowing down” of the options and choices through a decision making process starting off with the lead activity lifecycle which defines the outermost boundary of the possibility envelope. The scope of all possible actions and consequences is explored and reduced successively by the introduction and consideration of all other life cycles; progressing along a decision pathway that updates and integrates the considerations made under each of the materials and energy life cycles
{"title":"Cradle to Cradle Systems Analysis for Chemical and Biological Engineers: The Role of Progressive Sampling in Possibility Envelope for Value Added Manufacturing Design and Chemical Process Applications","authors":"U. Tuzun","doi":"10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.421","url":null,"abstract":"The mathematical framework of the principles of holistic systems interactions is demonstrated by facilitating experiential learning with specific industrial case study examples. Two industrial case study examples are introduced as potential interactive teaching tools. Industrial case studies play an increasingly important role in the teaching of systems engineering and sustainability within an industrial ecological framework utilizing metacognitive and experiential learning principles. Each individual case study example makes use of the “closed loop” optimization of material and energy inflows and outflows to minimize waste and harmful environmental emissions. The attainment of the “closed loop” is achieved by facilitating successive progressive stages of materials and energy recovery and re-processing coupled with the re-utilization and regeneration of intermediate byproducts and waste from each successive processing stage. The options that can be exercised to minimize harmful environmental impacts are explored by progressive sampling within the possibility envelope. The learner is expected to demonstrate the systematic process of “narrowing down” of the options and choices through a decision making process starting off with the lead activity lifecycle which defines the outermost boundary of the possibility envelope. The scope of all possible actions and consequences is explored and reduced successively by the introduction and consideration of all other life cycles; progressing along a decision pathway that updates and integrates the considerations made under each of the materials and energy life cycles","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78878740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.422
R. Bos, P. Kouwenhoven
The immediate causes for the study are discussions with staff from multiple European Universities, articles and position papers of advisory committees and professional organization. They all express their worries about both the decline of education of process safety in the curricula of Chemical Engineering and the decline of research in process safety subjects
{"title":"Process Safety Education: A Comparitive Study","authors":"R. Bos, P. Kouwenhoven","doi":"10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7048.21.12.422","url":null,"abstract":"The immediate causes for the study are discussions with staff from multiple European Universities, articles and position papers of advisory committees and professional organization. They all express their worries about both the decline of education of process safety in the curricula of Chemical Engineering and the decline of research in process safety subjects","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81960409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saat ini sebagian besar energi yang digunakan rakyat indonesia berasal dari bahan bakar fosil, yaitu bahan bakar minyak, batu bara dan gas. Kerugian penggunaan bahan bakar fosil ini selain merusak lingkungan, juga tidak terbarukan dan tidak berkelanjutan Sehingga penulis menggambil judul tentang briket limbah kayu merbau sebagai penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kadar air,kadar abu, zat menguap, kadar karbon dan nilai kalor. Bahan dari bio briket yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah limbah kayu merbau. Komposisi antara limbah kayu merbau dan perekat adalah 90:10%. kemudian dibentuk menjadi briket dengan variasi penekanan yaitu: 350 kg, 400kg, 450 kg, dan 500 kg dengan waktu pengeringan 2-3 hari dibawah sinar matahari langsung. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian Analisis proksimasi. Hasil pengujian dengan nilai rata-rata yaitu: kadar air (3,94 %), kadar abu (1,98 %), kadar zat terbang (34,33 %), kadar karbon (59,70 %), nilai kalor (6567 kkal/kg). Pengaruh variasi penekanan dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam mendapatkan hasil.
{"title":"Pengaruh Penekanan Briket Limbah Kayu Merbau (Bayam) dengan Perekat Tapioka","authors":"Reza Bachmid, Halim Halim, Sabdha Purna Yudha, Arfan Halim","doi":"10.33536/JCPE.V5I2.659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33536/JCPE.V5I2.659","url":null,"abstract":"Saat ini sebagian besar energi yang digunakan rakyat indonesia berasal dari bahan bakar fosil, yaitu bahan bakar minyak, batu bara dan gas. Kerugian penggunaan bahan bakar fosil ini selain merusak lingkungan, juga tidak terbarukan dan tidak berkelanjutan Sehingga penulis menggambil judul tentang briket limbah kayu merbau sebagai penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kadar air,kadar abu, zat menguap, kadar karbon dan nilai kalor. Bahan dari bio briket yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah limbah kayu merbau. Komposisi antara limbah kayu merbau dan perekat adalah 90:10%. kemudian dibentuk menjadi briket dengan variasi penekanan yaitu: 350 kg, 400kg, 450 kg, dan 500 kg dengan waktu pengeringan 2-3 hari dibawah sinar matahari langsung. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian Analisis proksimasi. Hasil pengujian dengan nilai rata-rata yaitu: kadar air (3,94 %), kadar abu (1,98 %), kadar zat terbang (34,33 %), kadar karbon (59,70 %), nilai kalor (6567 kkal/kg). Pengaruh variasi penekanan dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam mendapatkan hasil.","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86459323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Ifa, Ruslan Kalla, M. Rasyidin, Rezky Windisari Natsir
Bahan pelunak karet salah satu bahan kimia yang ditambahkan saat pembuatan kompon karet. Bahan pelunak pada pembuatan kompon karet saat ini banyak digunakan berasal dari minyak bumi. Minyak Jarak mengandung ikatan rangkap dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pelunak. Ikatan rangkap dirubah menjadi ikatan tunggal dengan proses hidrogenasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh suhu dan waktu reaksi hidrogenasi minyak jarak terhadap kualitas bahan pelunak serta untuk mengetahui pengaplikasian bahan pelunak terhadap kuat tarik kompon karet.. Reaksi hidogenasi dipelajari pada suhu 40, 50, 60 dan 70 0 C dan waktu reaksi selama 1, 3 dan 5 jam. Minyak jarak dimasukan kedalam reaktor labu leher tiga 500 mL yang dilengkapi dengan pengaduk magnetis. Kedalam minyak jarak ditambahkan metanol 2 M, ditambahkan hidrogen peroksida 0,6 M dan katalis CuSO 4 . 5 H 2 O sebanyak 1 gr. Minyak jarak terhidrogenasi kemudian dipindahkan kedalam corong pisah untuk dimurnikan secara dekantasi. Lapisan atas sebagai produk disaring dan dianalisa. Minyak jarak terhidrogenasi dikarakterisasi sifat kimianya meliputi bilangan iod dan derajat hidrogenasi. Penentuan gugus fungsi dengan spektroskopi FTIR dan kuat tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terbaik pada suhu 40 o C dan waktu1 jam diperoleh bilangan iod 62,09% dan derajat hidrogenasi 30,62%. Aplikasi bahan pelunak terhadap kompon karet diperoleh kuat tarik 0.7404N/mm 2
橡胶柔软剂是橡胶合成过程中加入的化学物质之一。橡胶合成中使用的软化剂现在主要来自石油。带有粘结的蓖麻油可以用作柔软剂。一种合成键被转换成一种氢化过程的单键。本研究旨在研究油墨对软化剂特性的温度和时间反应的影响，并研究软化剂对强抗橡胶化合物粘力的应用。辐射反应是在40、50、60和70摄氏度和1、3和5小时内进行研究的。在一个3500毫升的葫芦反应堆中，装有磁搅拌器。在距离油中加入2米甲醇，加入过氧化氢0.6米(2英尺)和催化剂CuSO 4。5 H 2 O等于1克，水合物油被转移到分离漏斗中进行蒸馏。产品的顶部被过滤和分析。距离亲和力油的化学特性包括iod数和亲和力度。测定具有质谱仪和抗拉强度的功能簇。研究结果表明，在40摄氏度和1小时时间内，最佳温度获得了62.09%的iod和30.2%的氢化温和度。强拉0.7404n /mm 2获得橡胶复合材料应用
{"title":"Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Reaksi Hidrogenasi Pembuatan Bahan Pelunak Kompon Karet dari Minyak Jarak","authors":"L. Ifa, Ruslan Kalla, M. Rasyidin, Rezky Windisari Natsir","doi":"10.33536/JCPE.V5I2.630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33536/JCPE.V5I2.630","url":null,"abstract":"Bahan pelunak karet salah satu bahan kimia yang ditambahkan saat pembuatan kompon karet. Bahan pelunak pada pembuatan kompon karet saat ini banyak digunakan berasal dari minyak bumi. Minyak Jarak mengandung ikatan rangkap dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pelunak. Ikatan rangkap dirubah menjadi ikatan tunggal dengan proses hidrogenasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh suhu dan waktu reaksi hidrogenasi minyak jarak terhadap kualitas bahan pelunak serta untuk mengetahui pengaplikasian bahan pelunak terhadap kuat tarik kompon karet.. Reaksi hidogenasi dipelajari pada suhu 40, 50, 60 dan 70 0 C dan waktu reaksi selama 1, 3 dan 5 jam. Minyak jarak dimasukan kedalam reaktor labu leher tiga 500 mL yang dilengkapi dengan pengaduk magnetis. Kedalam minyak jarak ditambahkan metanol 2 M, ditambahkan hidrogen peroksida 0,6 M dan katalis CuSO 4 . 5 H 2 O sebanyak 1 gr. Minyak jarak terhidrogenasi kemudian dipindahkan kedalam corong pisah untuk dimurnikan secara dekantasi. Lapisan atas sebagai produk disaring dan dianalisa. Minyak jarak terhidrogenasi dikarakterisasi sifat kimianya meliputi bilangan iod dan derajat hidrogenasi. Penentuan gugus fungsi dengan spektroskopi FTIR dan kuat tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terbaik pada suhu 40 o C dan waktu1 jam diperoleh bilangan iod 62,09% dan derajat hidrogenasi 30,62%. Aplikasi bahan pelunak terhadap kompon karet diperoleh kuat tarik 0.7404N/mm 2","PeriodicalId":15308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83119072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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