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Antifungal activity of Ventilago maderspatana on Trichophyton rubrum - An in vitro study 枫香对红毛癣菌抑菌活性的体外研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.25
R. S, Benny Pb, G. S
The aim of the study was to contribute a single drug for specific dermatophyte species to encourage diagnosis specific treatment. The study had two arms one clinical part consisting of cross-sectional study of 80 participants and other part invitro study. The survey was conducted to know the prevalence of dermatophyte species among cutaneous dermatophytosis patients in Kottakkal population there by collecting the skin scrapings of the patients. As the second part of the study these skin scrapings were cultured in sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and the species were inoculated from their and identified. Thus from 80 participants 2-genus and 6 different species were obtained. Trichophyton and microsporum were the genus and among Trichophyton 4 species like T.rubrum, T.mentagrophytes, T.tonsurans and T.verrucossum and Microsporum genus consists of M.canis and Microsporumaudouinii. First MIC was calculated and after that antifungal activity was done through the agar well diffusion method using ventilago maderaspattana extracts against fluconazole. Three different extracts were used chloroform, methanol and ethanol. In this article the action of easily available low polarity chloroform extract against the most prevalent species T. rubrum is highlighted because it shows the highest mean zone of inhibition in agar well diffusion method.
该研究的目的是为特定的皮肤真菌种类提供一种单一的药物,以促进诊断和治疗。该研究分为两组,一组是临床部分,包括80名参与者的横断面研究,另一部分是体外研究。通过收集皮肤癣患者的皮肤刮片,了解该地Kottakkal人群皮肤癣患者中皮肤癣菌种类的流行情况。作为研究的第二部分,这些皮肤屑在沙乌德葡萄糖琼脂(SDA)中培养,并从他们接种并鉴定物种。从80个参与者中得到2属和6个不同种。毛霉属和小孢子菌属为毛霉属,其中4种毛霉属包括rubrum、T.mentagrophytes、T.tonsurans和T.verrucossum,小孢子菌属包括M.canis和Microsporumaudouinii。首先计算MIC值,然后通过琼脂孔扩散法测定枫香提取物对氟康唑的抑菌活性。三种不同的提取物分别使用氯仿、甲醇和乙醇。在本文中,由于在琼脂孔扩散法中表现出最高的平均抑制区,因此强调了容易获得的低极性氯仿提取物对最普遍的物种红褐菌的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative clinical study of Nasya Karma and Shirodhara with Prapaundarikadi Taila in Ardhavabhedaka w.s.r. to Migraine 阿德哈布黑达卡地区纳斯亚卡玛、施罗达拉与普拉帕旺达里卡迪泰拉治疗偏头痛的临床比较研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.6
Navyashree M S, R. R
Background: Ardhavabhedaka is a type of Shiroroga with the cardinal feature of unilateral headache, which if left untreated leads to complications like blindness and hearing loss. This disease can be correlated to Migraine head-ache based on the clinical manifestations. Nasya Karma and Shirodhara are the prime treatment modalities for Shirorogas. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Nasyakarma and Shirodhara in the management of Ardhavabhedhaka. Material and Methods: Patients presenting with the classical features of Ardhavabhedaka and between the age group of 18 to 60 years irrespective of sex were selected and allotted in Group A and B with 20 patients in each group. Group A was administered with Nasya with Prapaundarikadi Taila and Group B with Shirodhara with Prapaundarikadi Taila for 7 days. Result: Data was tabulated and analyzed using Student t-test, paired proportion test, which showed marked improvement in patients with Ardhavabhedaka in both the groups. Nasya and Shirodhara with Prapaundarikadi Taila is proved effective in all patients. According to percentage wise relief in the symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka in Group A and B, Group A showed comparatively better relief. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of this study, it can be clearly concluded that Nasya performed with Prapaundarikadi Taila provided significant relief in the signs and symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka than Shirodhara performed with Prapaundarikadi Taila.
背景:Ardhavabhedaka是一种以单侧头痛为主要特征的Shiroroga,如果不及时治疗,会导致失明和听力丧失等并发症。根据临床表现,本病可与偏头痛相关。那西亚噶玛和释罗原是释罗伽的主要治疗方式。目的:评价纳斯亚卡玛和施罗原在治疗阿德哈布赫达卡中的作用。材料与方法:选择年龄在18 ~ 60岁,无性别,具有Ardhavabhedaka经典特征的患者分为A组和B组,每组20例。A组患者给予Nasya联合prapapundarikadi Taila, B组患者给予Shirodhara联合prapapundarikadi Taila,疗程7 d。结果:对数据进行制表分析,采用Student t检验、配对比例检验,两组患者的Ardhavabhedaka均有明显改善。Nasya和Shirodhara联合使用prapundarikadi Taila被证明对所有患者都有效。根据A组和B组Ardhavabhedaka症状的缓解百分比,A组的缓解效果相对较好。结论:根据本研究的结果,可以清楚地得出结论,与Shirodhara使用prapundarikadi Taila相比,Nasya使用prapundarikadi Taila对Ardhavabhedaka的体征和症状有明显的缓解。
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引用次数: 0
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect on pain by Agnikarma with Madhuchista (bee wax) and Panchaloha Shalaka in Vatakantaka 一项随机对照试验,评估Agnikarma与Madhuchista(蜂蜡)和Panchaloha Shalaka在Vatakantaka的疼痛效果
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.10
Vijayananda Hiremata, Shivaputra L. Balaraddi, Hanumanth M. Bagi
Background: Vaatakantaka explained in the context of Vatavyadhi, it has been said that when the foot is kept on the uneven ground or placing the foot improperly (while walking) or by over exertion of the foot, Vata localized in the Khudaka (heel region) gets aggravated and produces pain. Sharp stinging pain at the heel of foot which resembles the symptoms of calcaneus spur. All the Ayurvedic classics have given due importance to the Vatavyadhi and especially Shoola Pradhana Vatavyadhi. Among the Anushastra Chikitsa, Agnikarma is gaining acceptance and becoming more popular among Ayurvedic surgeons. The procedure of Agnikarma is very short and gives instant relief. In this study Agnikarma is performed with two different materials in the treatment of Vatakantaka. Hence here is an attempt is made to compare the efficacy of Agnikarma with Panchalohashalaka with Madhuchista in the management of pain in Vatakantaka.
背景:vatakantaka在Vatavyadhi的背景下解释,据说当脚保持在不平坦的地面上或不正确地放置脚(行走时)或通过脚的过度用力时,Khudaka(脚跟区域)的Vata会加剧并产生疼痛。脚后跟刺痛,类似跟骨刺的症状。所有的阿育吠陀经典都给予了瓦塔瓦蒂应有的重视,尤其是Shoola Pradhana瓦塔瓦蒂。阿格尼伽玛在阿育吠陀外科医生中越来越受欢迎。阿涅羯摩的过程很短,能立即得到解脱。在这项研究中,Agnikarma是用两种不同的材料来治疗Vatakantaka。因此,本文试图比较Agnikarma、Panchalohashalaka和Madhuchista在Vatakantaka治疗疼痛方面的疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Critical analysis of Manasika Bhava in Anurjatajanya (allergic) diseases - A Survey Study Manasika Bhava在Anurjatajanya(过敏性)疾病中的关键分析-一项调查研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.17
Abhijeet B. Kumbhar, Pankaj Gahunge, N. Gupta
People are just as happy as they make up their minds to be. The state of mind defines ones healthy or unhealthy status. Human body and mind are always interlinked for the existence of life. Any alteration in functioning of body or mind gives formal invitation for various disorders. Ayurveda treatise has inculcated the importance of Manasika Bhava like Krodha (anger), Shoka (grief), Bhaya (fear) etc. at every influential place. In the present survey study, the inevitability of Manasika Bhava in Anurjatajanya (allergic) diseases is verified with the generated evidences. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 300 million individuals have asthma worldwide, a figure that could increase to 400 million by 2025 if trends continue. This is paralleled with a rising prevalence of skin allergies along with life threatening allergies like food allergies, drug allergies and anaphylaxis and more complex forms. This survey study end up with the result that, over 96% of the total registered allergic patients were with one or more abnormal Manasika Bhava.
一个人有多幸福,他就有多幸福。心理状态决定了一个人的健康或不健康状态。为了生命的存在,人的身心总是相互联系的。身体或精神机能的任何变化都是各种疾病的正式诱因。阿育吠陀的论文在每个有影响力的地方都灌输了Manasika Bhava的重要性,比如Krodha(愤怒)、Shoka(悲伤)、Bhaya(恐惧)等。在本调查研究中,利用生成的证据验证了Manasika Bhava在Anurjatajanya(过敏性)疾病中的必然性。世界卫生组织(WHO)估计,全世界有3亿人患有哮喘,如果这种趋势继续下去,到2025年,这一数字可能会增加到4亿。与此同时,皮肤过敏以及威胁生命的过敏,如食物过敏、药物过敏和过敏反应,以及更复杂的形式,也越来越普遍。本次调查研究的结果是,超过96%的登记过敏患者有一个或多个异常的Manasika Bhava。
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引用次数: 0
A comparative clinical study on the cosmetic approach in Tarunyapidaka vis-a-vis Acne Vulgaris amongst female population through Shodhana Shamana and Lepa 通过Shodhana Shamana和Lepa对Tarunyapidaka女性人群中寻常痤疮的美容方法的比较临床研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.13
Sharanamma A, Prashanth A.S., S. G. Chavan
Tarunyapiadaka is one of the Kshudraroga and most common skin disorders. Ayurvedic medicine plays important role in the patients who are in deep depression due to disfiguration of face and Tarunyapidaka in the field of Cosmetiology. In the present study an effort has been made to formulate an effective, economic and simple remedy to help in the total cure and preventing of Tarunyapidaka. In the present study 40 Subjects diagnosed with Tarunyapidaka w.s.r to Acne Vulgaris fulfilling the Inclusion criteria were selected for study and randomly categorized into two groups as Group A and Group B each consisting of 20 subjects from OPD and IPD of department of PG studies in Kayachikitsa department of Ayurveda Mahavidhyalaya, Hubbali have been treated with Amapachana with Guduchi Churna. In group A Sadhyosnehapana with Panchatikta Ghrita. Sarvanga Abhyanga with Elaadi Taila followed by Sarvanga Swedana. And Sneha Virechana was administered with Trivruth Lehya. After Samsarjana Krama, Navaka Kashaya given as a Shamanoushadi along with Manjista with Madhu Lepa. In Group B Sadhyosnehapana with Panchatikta Ghrita. Sarvanga Abhyanga with Elaadi Taila followed by Sarvanga Swedana and Sneha Virechana was administered with Trivruth Lehya. After Samsarjana Krama, Gopanganadi Kashaya given as a Shamanoushadi along with Manjista with Madhu Lepa for 45 days to assess the clinical efficacy of Navaka Kashaya and Gopanganadi Kashaya. Significant changes in Subjective and Objective criteria were observed.
Tarunyapiadaka是Kshudraroga和最常见的皮肤病之一。阿育吠陀医学在因面部畸形和Tarunyapidaka引起的深度抑郁患者中发挥着重要作用。在本研究中,努力制定一种有效、经济和简单的治疗方法,以帮助彻底治愈和预防塔伦雅皮达卡。本研究选取符合入选标准的40例诊断为Tarunyapidaka w.s.r to Vulgaris的受试者,随机分为两组,A组和B组,每组20例,分别来自阿育吠陀大吠陀医院Kayachikitsa科室PG研究的OPD和IPD,并使用Guduchi Churna治疗Amapachana。A组Sadhyosnehapana和Panchatikta Ghrita。Sarvanga Abhyanga和Elaadi Taila,然后是Sarvanga Swedana。Sneha Virechana和Trivruth Lehya一起服用。在轮回之后,Navaka Kashaya与Manjista和Madhu Lepa一起成为Shamanoushadi。B组Sadhyosnehapana与Panchatikta Ghrita。Sarvanga Abhyanga与Elaadi Taila一起服用,Sarvanga Swedana和Sneha Virechana与Trivruth Lehya一起服用。在三生相依后,将高甘纳迪卡沙依与曼吉塔和Madhu Lepa一起给予45天,以评估高甘纳迪卡沙依和高甘纳迪卡沙依的临床疗效。主观和客观标准均有显著变化。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the efficacy of Latakaranja as Antispasmodic Drug in Kastaartava - A Randomised Clinical Control Trial 评价Latakaranja作为抗痉挛药物在kastartava中的疗效-一项随机临床对照试验
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.15
Dhiraj Ojha, P. Rawal, Shrishail. S. Pujeri, Sunita Shirguppi
Kastaartava (Dysmenorrohea) is a greek word, describes about painful menstruation which the Pratyatmaka Lakhshans of various Yonivyapad that are Vatala Yonivyapad, Udavartini Yonivyapad, Paripluta Yonivyapad, Mahayoni and Vataja Artava Dusti that affects 75% of adolscents, 25-50% of adult women and 5-20% having dysmenorrhea. It is a common reason for losing time at school or work or visiting family doctor. Morbid Vatadosha especially Apanavata is a causative factor of Kastaartava. Vatahara properties are beneficial considering the morbidity and complications that are caused by Kastaaratava, mentioned above herbal preparation has been tried here. This research work is randomized control clinical study with Pre-test and Post-test design. 40 patients suffering from Kastaaratava (Dysmenorrohoea) were selected randomly for study. The selected patients were divided into 2 groups, 20 patients each. The selected 20 patients in Group A (Trial group) were administered Latakaranja Beeja Churna orally. The selected 20 patients in Group B (Controlled group) were administered Rajapravartini Vati. The duration of treatment was for 03 days of menstruation for 2 menstrual cycles and followup for the next menstrual cycle. After the completion of the clinical trial, it was found that in Rajapravartini Vati, there was highly significant result in Cramping pain in abdomen, Irritability, Tenderness in Breast, Back pain and Headache, where as Latakaranja Beeja Choorna there is also significant result in Cramping pain in Abdomen, Irritability, Tenderness in Breast, Back Pain, Headache and Vomiting but statistically considering average mean Latakaranja Choorna shows comparatively lesser effective than Rajapravartini Vati. By the statistical results it can be concluded that Rajapravartini Vati has better result when compared to Latakaranja Choorna in the present study.
Kastaartava(痛经)是一个希腊词,描述了各种Yonivyapad的Pratyatmaka Lakhshans,包括Vatala Yonivyapad, Udavartini Yonivyapad, Paripluta Yonivyapad, Mahayoni和Vataja Artava Dusti,影响了75%的青少年,25-50%的成年女性和5-20%的痛经患者。这是一个常见的原因,浪费时间在学校或工作或去看家庭医生。病态的Vatadosha,尤其是Apanavata,是Kastaartava的一个致病因素。考虑到Kastaaratava引起的发病率和并发症,vastaaratava的特性是有益的,上面提到的草药制剂已经在这里进行了尝试。本研究采用前测和后测设计的随机对照临床研究。随机选取40例痛经患者进行研究。选取的患者分为2组,每组20例。A组(试验组)选取20例患者口服白参。B组(对照组)20例患者给予拉贾伐替尼。治疗时间为3天,连续2个月经周期,下个月经周期随访。临床试验完成后,发现Rajapravartini Vati在腹部绞痛、易怒、乳房压痛、背部疼痛和头痛方面的效果非常显著,而Latakaranja Beeja Choorna在腹部绞痛、易怒、乳房压痛、背部疼痛方面的效果也非常显著。头痛和呕吐,但统计上考虑到平均水平,拉塔卡兰加·乔那的效果相对不如拉贾瓦蒂尼·瓦蒂。通过统计结果可以得出Rajapravartini Vati与本研究中的Latakaranja Choorna相比具有更好的结果。
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引用次数: 0
An Observational Study to assess the influence of Ahara on Manasa Bhavas 评估Ahara对Manasa Bhavas影响的观察性研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.19
C. Tm, K. Pratibha
In Bhagawad Gita, the three types of food have been described: they are Satwika, Rajasika and Tamasika it contribute towards the growth of the same temperament in the mind. Manas is one of the factor influenced by Ahara. Manasa Bhavas are defined as physiological states of Mana like Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Harsha etc. When these Manasa Bhavas are disturbed then they are considered as abnormal and constitute a pathological state of Mana leading to Manasa Vikaras. This study was helpful in assessing the behavior of an individual based on their food habits in turn it can demand us to suggest type of food which can be congenial behavior. It was an Observational study where 160 Subjects were selected as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria Self-validated questionnaire was given to assess the type of Ahara and Manasa Bhava. Chi square test and Cramer’s V value were applied to analyze the level of significance.
在《薄伽梵歌》中,有三种食物被描述为:Satwika, Rajasika和Tamasika,它们有助于心灵中相同气质的成长。玛纳斯是受阿哈拉影响的因素之一。Manasa Bhavas被定义为Mana的生理状态,如Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Harsha等。当这些玛纳萨之夜受到干扰时,它们就被认为是不正常的,构成了玛纳萨之夜的病态状态。这项研究有助于根据一个人的饮食习惯来评估他们的行为,反过来,它可以要求我们建议哪种食物可能是合适的行为。这是一项观察性研究,根据纳入和排除标准选择160名受试者,给予自我验证的问卷来评估Ahara和Manasa Bhava的类型。采用卡方检验和Cramer’s V值分析显著性水平。
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引用次数: 0
A randomized comparative clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Ashwagandha Churna over Tagara Churna in the management of Nidranasha (insomnia) 一项随机对照临床研究:评价阿什瓦甘达与塔伽罗达治疗失眠的疗效
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.16
Priyanka Ishwar Chimanchod, Sanjay M Kadlimatti
Ayurveda is known for its holistic approach. It has emphazised to lead a healthy lifestyle, and Nidra is one among the important factor to remain healthy. Nidra is the most neglected part of modern lifestyle where one gives least importance to the timing, duration and quality of sleep with stress playing an important role in inducing insomnia. Aim of present study was to evaluate efficacy of Ashwagandha Churna over Tagara Churna in the management of Nidranasha. Study was conducted on 40 clinically diagnosed patients of Nidranasha. On the basis of observed data, it was concluded that Ashwagandha Churna has highly significant effect on Nidranasha when compared to Tagara Churna.
阿育吠陀以其整体方法而闻名。它强调过一种健康的生活方式,Nidra是保持健康的重要因素之一。Nidra是现代生活方式中最被忽视的部分,人们不太重视睡眠的时间、持续时间和质量,压力在诱发失眠方面起着重要作用。本研究的目的是评价阿什瓦甘达和塔加拉在治疗尼德拉纳沙中的疗效。对40例临床诊断为Nidranasha的患者进行了研究。在观察数据的基础上,我们得出结论,Ashwagandha Churna与Tagara Churna相比,对Nidranasha有非常显著的影响。
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引用次数: 1
A review of clinical trial on evalution of Taila Payita Amrutha Tantu and Mersilk as suturing material w.s.r. to Riju Granthi technique in Sadyo Vrana 泰拉·帕依塔·阿鲁塔·坦图和丝素作为Riju Granthi技术的缝合材料的临床研究综述
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.14
Ashitha , Dr. Krishna, K. Sweta
Wounds are the most common problem faced by man since his very existence. So long as human has treated the wounds we have looked for the way to close them. Suturing is an inseparable part of surgery which needs no introduction, although the first description of sutures and suturing material is from Susrutha Samhitha. It is true that very few of them are practically tried now, Amrutha Tantu was taken for the study in view of testing its efficiency and whether it exhibits any medicinal property to wound. For these study effects were compared with Mersilk as this is also non absorbable most commonly used suture materials, Total 60 patients 30 in each group were taken for study about efficiency of both suture materials were assessed with criteria like pain edema colour temperature, tenderness and discharge. Efficacy of Amruth Tantu was found equal to Mersilk with extra benfit of faster wound healing due to anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial property of Guduchi.
自从人类存在以来,伤口是人类面临的最常见的问题。只要人类还在治疗伤口,我们就一直在寻找缝合伤口的方法。缝合是手术中不可分割的一部分,不需要介绍,尽管关于缝合和缝合材料的第一个描述来自Susrutha Samhitha。确实,现在很少有人实际尝试,为了测试它的效率和是否对伤口有任何药用价值,我们选择了Amrutha Tantu进行研究。由于Mersilk也是最常用的不可吸收的缝合材料,因此我们将其与Mersilk的研究效果进行比较。我们共选取60例患者,每组30例进行研究,以疼痛、水肿、色温、压痛和分泌物等标准评估两种缝合材料的有效性。研究发现,安露丝的功效与丝丝相当,由于古都齐的抗炎和抗菌特性,其额外的好处是伤口愈合更快。
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引用次数: 0
Physico-chemical Analysis of beeswax procured from Mumbai market, Western Ghats (Natural Habitat) 西高止山脉(自然栖息地)孟买市场蜂蜡的理化分析
Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.5.26
Shruti Naik, Sheela Pargunde
Beeswax is the substance that is obtained from the structure of a honey comb. The bees secrete wax to build the honey combs to store honey. It has rich hydrophobic property, the beeswax is in fact present within cosmetics and body products. Also, beeswax is used in food industry. Beeswax is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, free fatty acid, esters of fatty acid. Beeswax plays an important role in Ayurvedic medicine, the traditional medicine name with Madhushistha (Beewax). The Madhushistha is used for the care of wound from abrasion or even from burns with topical application. Some references in Ayurvedic granth highlight the use of Madhushistha in combination with other herbal and mineral mixture, like Sikta Taila, Mruddaharshringa, Jatyadi Taila, etc. Beeswax is mainly of two types, natural beeswax and processed beeswax. Natural beeswax is clarified further heating in water with petroleum waxes. Because of high demand and shortage in market, adulteration of beeswax with cheaper materials are common like animal fat, plant oil and petroleum spirits (Paraffin wax). Hence authenticity of beeswax is major concern and that can be determined by using physico-chemical parameters such as- organoleptic test, solubility, Melting point, Spacific gravity, Refractive index, Acid value, Ester value, Saponification value, volatile matter. With this justification the present study is expected to determine the quality status of four different beeswax samples procured from Mumbai market, western ghats (Natural habitat). The physico-chemical analysis revealed that volatile matter is detected in market sample (2) whereas market sample (1) shows higher melting point as compare to beeswax collected from the Natural habitat. Market sample (1,2) of beeswax shows slight adulteration hence natural habitat samples (1,2) of beeswax should be used in medicine preparation.
蜂蜡是从蜂巢的结构中获得的物质。蜜蜂分泌蜂蜡来建造蜂巢来储存蜂蜜。它具有丰富的疏水性,蜂蜡实际上存在于化妆品和身体产品中。此外,蜂蜡还用于食品工业。蜂蜡是碳氢化合物、游离脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯的复杂混合物。蜂蜡在阿育吠陀医学中扮演着重要的角色,传统的医学名称是Madhushistha(蜂蜡)。该Madhushistha是用于护理伤口擦伤,甚至烧伤与局部应用。阿育吠陀文献中的一些文献强调了Madhushistha与其他草药和矿物混合物的结合使用,如Sikta Taila, Mruddaharshringa, Jatyadi Taila等。蜂蜡主要有天然蜂蜡和加工蜂蜡两种。天然蜂蜡是用石油蜡在水中进一步加热澄清的。由于蜂蜡需求量大,市场供应不足,在蜂蜡中掺入动物脂肪、植物油和石油精(石蜡)等廉价原料是很常见的。因此,蜂蜡的真实性是主要关注的问题,可以通过使用物理化学参数来确定,如感官测试,溶解度,熔点,太平洋重力,折射率,酸值,酯值,皂化值,挥发物。有了这个理由,本研究预计将确定从西高止山脉(自然栖息地)孟买市场采购的四种不同蜂蜡样品的质量状况。理化分析表明,市场样品(2)中检测到挥发性物质,而市场样品(1)的熔点高于从自然栖息地收集的蜂蜡。蜂蜡的市场样品(1,2)显示有轻微掺假,因此应使用自然生境样品(1,2)的蜂蜡进行药物配制。
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