Journal of community psychology最新文献

We explore the role of Russian civic identity in maintaining mental health in a challenging socioeconomic and political environment. The study was conducted on a sample of Russians in August 2022 after the beginning of the military conflict in Ukraine and the imposition of multiple sanctions on Russia. The sample included 384 respondents from 18 to 54 years old. The questionnaire included methods for assessing Russian civic identity, general psychological health, depression, and the psychological coping strategies in crisis situations. We explored whether Russian civic identity has direct, indirect, and total positive effects on general psychological health. The indirect effect was examined through psychological coping strategies, such as Reframing and Spiritual support. For depression reduction, the role of Russian civic identity was not significant as we did not find a statistically significant direct or total effect. However, we found a statistically significant indirect negative effect of civic identity on depression via a Reframing strategy. Thus, Russian civic identity may increase general psychological health and reduce depression through Reframing. Although the conflict is highly controversial geopolitically, our study findings may have important implications for other settings that may be involved in conflict or be under sanctions.

Few studies have investigated the associations between community crime rates and affective well-being, and how that relationship may differ according to gender. Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences and the Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the current study examined gender differences between daily affective experiences, crime rates, and perceptions of neighborhood safety. Although feeling unsafe in one's neighborhood was related to worse affective well-being (i.e., higher negative affect/lower positive affect) and larger affective responses to daily stressors, crime rates were not. Women's negative affect was more strongly tied to daily stressors, whereas men's was more strongly tied to lower perceived neighborhood safety. Findings reveal the importance of understanding factors, such as gender, that impact safety concerns beyond that from crime. They also suggest that increasing visibility within communities might dissuade perpetrators and enhance residents' feelings of safety.

Wealth inequality is rising, and millennials will be the future recipients of the largest intergenerational wealth transfer. Meanwhile, there is a need to move more money to support transformative social justice movements. This study examines the impact of spirituality as a motivator for the social justice movement giving among progressive young adult activists with wealth and class privilege, organizing toward the equitable redistribution of wealth, land, and power. Using survey data (n = 560), regressions and mediation models suggest that spiritual motivation was a significant positive predictor of how much participants monetarily gave to social justice movements. While religion did not significantly predict movement giving, indirect effects models showed that spirituality positively mediated the effect of being raised with any religion on movement giving compared to those indicating no religion. Implications are explored for how transformative organizing models draw upon secular spiritual practices in their pursuit of individual and collective change.

We aim to measure and explain the perception of community resilience in Romania. We use survey data from a country-representative sample of 1500 respondents. We rely on factor-based partial least squares path modeling to measure five reflective latent constructs from a CCRAM-type questionnaire. We use these constructs to extract a second-order formative latent construct representing an overall measure of community resilience. Next, we use three sub-dimensions of family resilience, along with individual resilience and several control variables to explain community resilience. Among the five sub-dimensions of the overall measure of community resilience, social trust exerts the highest contribution, followed by place attachment. The predictors of community resilience with the largest effect sizes are the three sub-dimensions of family resilience. The policies geared towards increasing community resilience might not be able to address the most important factors, at least in the case of Romania, because they pertain to informal group interaction, and lie outside the reach of formal administrative authority.

Immigrant optimism has been identified as a cultural protective factor that could be targeted in prevention efforts that support immigrant well-being. However, to date, immigrant optimism has not been consistently operationalized. We report on an iterative and collaborative approach to develop and validate a measure of immigrant optimism.

Methods: Content validity was established using feedback from immigrant-origin young adults and from experts in the field. Then, using survey data from 241 immigrant-origin young adults, we examined reliability, validity, and invariance of our measure among first- and second-generation immigrants.

Results: Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a single immigrant optimism factor explains significant variation in each of our indicators. Our measure was further invariant across first- and second-generation immigrant youth and demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity.

Conclusions: Findings support the use of our measure with immigrant-origin young adults. We offer considerations for future research and highlight implications for prevention efforts.

The cover image is based on the article Mixed methods on adverse childhood experiences predicting transitional and recurrent homelessness by Nienke F. Boesveldt et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.23139.

This study examined the factor structure of the General Help-seeking Questionnaire and how personal mental illness stigma was associated with different types of help-seeking intentions among racial and ethnic minority immigrants in the United States. A sample of 202 immigrants aged 18-39 were recruited from a Qualtrics panel and completed the online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis and multiple linear regression were conducted. Results confirmed four dimensions of help-seeking intentions: informal, formal, semi-formal, and traditional sources. Immigrants with higher levels of mental illness stigma are more likely to seek help from traditional sources (e.g., religious leader or other community-based nonfaith resources) and semi-formal sources (e.g., web-based resources). Lack of awareness of service options is a key barrier to formal help-seeking. Results signal the importance of collaboration between mental health service providers. Adopting culturally sensitive care and web-based delivery formats may help address immigrants' concerns about mental health stigma.

This study investigated the moderating role of family factors on victimization experiences and internalizing and academic outcomes. Data (collected 2017-2019) on 471 Black urban ninth graders (51% male; M_age = 14 years) with elevated externalizing symptoms were analyzed and we explored how the interaction between (self-reported) racial socialization, parent relations, and (teacher-reported) family academic involvement and (self-reported) violence exposure, racial discrimination, and (teacher-reported) bullying potentially influenced (student- and teacher-reported) anxiety and depression, and (student-reported) academic engagement and negative school attitudes. High racial socialization and parent relations were associated with lower internalizing symptoms for youth with discrimination and heard violence, respectively. High academic involvement and parent relations were linked with higher internalizing symptoms for youth with discrimination and high parent relations were linked with higher anxiety for bullied youth. Racial socialization and parent relations may help offset the potential influence of discrimination and heard violence, respectively, for adolescents.

This study examined the mediating role of psychological resilience and gender on mental health workers' perceptions of coping with trauma and secondary traumatic stress. Following the February 6 earthquake, the study group consisted of 212 mental health workers who came from various provinces of Turkey to support the earthquake region. We collected data using the "Perception of Coping with Trauma Scale," "Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale," "Brief Psychological Resilience Scale," and "Personal Information Form." We conducted analyses using PROCESS Macro Model 4 and Model 8. The results show that the perception of coping with trauma indirectly affects secondary traumatic stress through psychological resilience. The relationship between men's perception of coping with trauma and their psychological resilience appears to be greater than that of women. The direct effect of perceptions of coping with trauma on secondary traumatic stress also varies by gender. As men's perceptions of coping with trauma and psychological resilience decrease, the level of secondary traumatic stress increases. We found no significant relationship between these three variables in women. We found that psychological resilience and gender mediate the relationship between perceptions of coping with trauma and secondary traumatic stress. While this relationship was significant for men, it was not significant for women.