Journal of community psychology最新文献

Interest in resilience at both the individual and group levels is increasing in response to disasters. The Conjoint Community Resiliency Assessment Measure-10 (CCRAM10), actively utilized in disaster-related research, is a shortened 10-item scale developed to measure community resilience. This study aims to explore the factor structure of CCRAM10 and to verify its measurement invariance. Data were collected from 1200 Korean adults, and factor analysis along with measurement invariance for gender and age groups was conducted. The analysis indicated that, like the original scale, CCRAM10 appropriately consists of five subfactors and has secured measurement invariance, confirming its usefulness for community resilience research.

Recent surveillance data indicate an estimated 1 in 36 children are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). More males than females are diagnosed with ASD and children of color are less likely to be identified with ASD than White children. Given the rising prevalence estimates and persistent gender and racial/ethnic differences in diagnostic rates, it is time that we seek to better understand ASD as it relates to culture, care, and lived experience from the perspective of those we serve. Utilizing qualitative methods, the current research study sought to understand the lived experiences of three autistic women and three women caregivers of autistic children as it relates to the identification, diagnostic, and service delivery processes. In-depth focus group research revealed five major themes ranging from feelings associated with the diagnosis, dissatisfaction with services, the perspective of culture within autism and the family, and how culture should be considered by service providers in treatment planning and implementation. These results are discussed in the context of future research, and implications for autism service providers are provided.

Few homeless-experienced individuals use vocational rehabilitation services. Using qualitative methods, as part of a pilot study at VA Greater Los Angeles (GLA), we characterized the perspectives of homeless-experienced persons and homeless program staff on vocational services. We also explored relationships among employment, housing, and well-being in this group. We interviewed homeless-experienced persons enrolled in vocational rehabilitation services embedded in GLA's permanent supportive housing program (PSH) (n = 19); as well as vocational rehabilitation staff (n = 10). Interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative methods. Our analysis found that embedding vocational services within PSH enabled easy access, continual support, and care coordination, but there was a mismatch between job opportunities and consumers' employment preferences and goals. Employment positively impacted quality of life and recovery. In conclusion, increase vocational service use among homeless-experienced persons, integrating vocational services within PSH programs may improve access. PSH consumers desired tailored services, with meaningful vocational options aligned with their professional goals.

The community attitudes towards mental illness scale (CAMI) is widely used to measure authoritarianism, benevolence, social restrictiveness, and community mental health attitudes held by general populations and medical professionals. This study compares the fit of published alternative factor structures of the CAMI to a general population English-speaking sample and examines what mental illnesses individuals think about when responding. Using data from 749 US MTurk participants, confirmatory factor analysis supported a modified version of Morris' (2012) structure — fear/exclusion, social control, and goodwill — χ²(183) = 1094.44, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.90, SRMR = 0.06. Most participants (73.6%) considered specific mental illnesses, with bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia most common. Some found challenges defining mental illness. Comparing structures of a widely cited tool and identifying what respondents think about while completing the scale assists the many researchers using the CAMI. This clarifies our understanding of community stigma and improves our capacity to reduce it.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) youth face disparities in mental health and substance use. LGBTQ+ community-based organizations (CBOs) offer resources that may combat stress and mental health concerns; however, limited research has examined their programs or practices. We explored the facets of youth mental health services offered by LGBTQ+ CBOs in the US. Qualitative interviews were conducted with staff at 16 LGBTQ+ CBOs in the US. Findings revealed four overarching themes. Mental health program objectives and characteristics included four sub-themes: counseling and therapy, safe spaces and community, case management, and education. Factors influencing the development of LGBTQ+ mental health programs included two sub-themes: program creation and youth influence. Factors influencing the delivery of LGBTQ+ youth mental health programs included four sub-themes: program planning and coordination, inclusive and intersectional processes, training and curriculum resources, and capacity-building resources. Implications for LGBTQ+ CBOs are discussed.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) encompass childhood trauma linked to chronic health issues. Often discussed on a micro-level, ACEs need a holistic perspective, emphasizing community-based research and contextual resilience to address systemic barriers effectively. Following the principles of community-based participatory research, two focus groups, composed of 15 people, were conducted to learn about community members' recommendations on what would be supportive for their communities. The study investigates the built environment, values, and resource accessibility, emphasizing the importance of outdoor access, community spaces, connectedness, and inclusive resource provision. The findings contribute to the literature by comprehensively understanding residents' perspectives on neighborhood well-being, explicitly highlighting the significance of a well-designed built environment, shared values, and accessible resources in fostering resilient and vibrant communities.