Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6104
Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Munezero Pierre Celestin, Migabo Hiberte, Itangimbabazi Josue, Saramba Eric
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria enter the urethra from the skin or rectum and infect the bladder, causing symptoms. UTIs are becoming increasingly multidrug-resistant, with some drugs no longer effective in treatment. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), honey has been shown to have high osmotic pressure and high acidity that prevent the multiplication of bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of honey on bacteria isolated from urine samples collected from patients with UTI’s attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital. Methodology: Urine samples were collected in sterile containers at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital and transported to the microbiology laboratory at the Ruhengeri Institute of Higher Education (INES Ruhengeri). Two types of honey, raw and processed were used as antimicrobial agents on bacteria isolated from UTIs. Various methods were used to isolate and identify bacterial isolates, including culture on solid medium, gram staining, and biochemical tests. Results: The most commonly isolated bacterium was S. aureus (33.3%) which is in the second group of bacteria susceptible to honey, followed by P. aeruginosa (13.8%) and CoNS (13.8%). E. coli, K. pneumonia, and Streptococcus spp. each accounted for 11.2%. The former and the latter were the most susceptible bacteria to natural honey honey (mIZ = 36 ±2.83; ±4.24 mm, respectively), while E. aerogenes was the least isolated bacterium at 5.5% and the least susceptible to honey. Conclusion: Honey was showed to exhibit an antimicrobial effect against all bacteria isolated from the UTI, suggesting natural honey as a remedy in controlling urinary tract bacterial infection. Further studies are needed to evaluate its capacity compared to classical antibiotics currently used to treat bacteria in UTIs. The practical way to use honey to get targeted area is also an interested point that need to be investigated. Keywords: Urinary tract infection; honey; bacteria.
{"title":"The Effect of Honey on Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections among Patients Attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital","authors":"Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Munezero Pierre Celestin, Migabo Hiberte, Itangimbabazi Josue, Saramba Eric","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6104","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria enter the urethra from the skin or rectum and infect the bladder, causing symptoms. UTIs are becoming increasingly multidrug-resistant, with some drugs no longer effective in treatment. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), honey has been shown to have high osmotic pressure and high acidity that prevent the multiplication of bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of honey on bacteria isolated from urine samples collected from patients with UTI’s attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital. \u0000Methodology: Urine samples were collected in sterile containers at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital and transported to the microbiology laboratory at the Ruhengeri Institute of Higher Education (INES Ruhengeri). Two types of honey, raw and processed were used as antimicrobial agents on bacteria isolated from UTIs. Various methods were used to isolate and identify bacterial isolates, including culture on solid medium, gram staining, and biochemical tests. \u0000Results: The most commonly isolated bacterium was S. aureus (33.3%) which is in the second group of bacteria susceptible to honey, followed by P. aeruginosa (13.8%) and CoNS (13.8%). E. coli, K. pneumonia, and Streptococcus spp. each accounted for 11.2%. The former and the latter were the most susceptible bacteria to natural honey honey (mIZ = 36 ±2.83; ±4.24 mm, respectively), while E. aerogenes was the least isolated bacterium at 5.5% and the least susceptible to honey. \u0000Conclusion: Honey was showed to exhibit an antimicrobial effect against all bacteria isolated from the UTI, suggesting natural honey as a remedy in controlling urinary tract bacterial infection. Further studies are needed to evaluate its capacity compared to classical antibiotics currently used to treat bacteria in UTIs. The practical way to use honey to get targeted area is also an interested point that need to be investigated. \u0000Keywords: Urinary tract infection; honey; bacteria.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"6 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6495
Upakar Rai, Barkha Rai
Bergenia ciliata, a perennial rhizomatous herb holds a special place in the traditional herbal healthcare system due to its diverse therapeutic uses and potentials. Validation of its efficacy with scientific investigation is a prerequisite of any prospective herbal resource. The plant is a rich source of various bioactive chemical compounds. The present review is an attempt to consolidates comprehensive information sourced from 100 different literatures, exploring the plant's distribution, phytochemistry, traditional medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities specially focusing on some prevalent diseases of present day. The herb’s antimicrobial, anticancer, antiulcer and antidiabetic properties signify its potential in modern pharmacology. The review underscores B. ciliata's relevance in drug development and nutraceutical formulations, bridging age-old wisdom with contemporary healthcare solutions. Further exploration into its bioactive compounds and clinical applications promises innovative avenues in therapeutic intervention. Keywords: Bergenia ciliata, perennial rhizomatous herb, traditional herbal healthcare, age-old wisdom
{"title":"Bridging Tradition and Modern Pharmacology of Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb: A Review","authors":"Upakar Rai, Barkha Rai","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6495","url":null,"abstract":"Bergenia ciliata, a perennial rhizomatous herb holds a special place in the traditional herbal healthcare system due to its diverse therapeutic uses and potentials. Validation of its efficacy with scientific investigation is a prerequisite of any prospective herbal resource. The plant is a rich source of various bioactive chemical compounds. The present review is an attempt to consolidates comprehensive information sourced from 100 different literatures, exploring the plant's distribution, phytochemistry, traditional medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities specially focusing on some prevalent diseases of present day. The herb’s antimicrobial, anticancer, antiulcer and antidiabetic properties signify its potential in modern pharmacology. The review underscores B. ciliata's relevance in drug development and nutraceutical formulations, bridging age-old wisdom with contemporary healthcare solutions. Further exploration into its bioactive compounds and clinical applications promises innovative avenues in therapeutic intervention. \u0000Keywords: Bergenia ciliata, perennial rhizomatous herb, traditional herbal healthcare, age-old wisdom","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6516
Asra Mansuri, T. Zaman
Pharmacovigilance, which is like a parasol to define the procedures for monitoring and analysing adverse drug reactions (ADRs), is a crucial part of efficient clinical practise, public health initiatives, and drug control systems. The volume of data processed has increased as a result of the rise in reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and understanding pharmacovigilance requires a high degree of skill in order to quickly identify medication hazards and defend the product against an unwarranted removal. An impartial method of evaluation would strengthen the present global network of pharmacovigilance centres, which is managed by the Uppsala Monitoring Centre. This would take into account contentious and significant medication safety problems that might have a negative impact on public health across international borders. Pharmacovigilance has recently focused mostly on identifying previously unrecognised or poorly understood adverse medication occurrences. Pharmacovigilance is a crucial and essential component of clinical research, and it is now expanding in many nations. However, with the turn of the millennium, pharmacovigilance confronts enormous hurdles in aspect of improving safety and monitoring of medications. Today, several pharmacovigilance centres are engaged for drug safety monitoring in this global arena. In this overview, we'll talk about medication safety, the function of international pharmacovigilance centres, the advantages and drawbacks of pharmacovigilance, and how it may be used in the future by the healthcare industry. Keywords: Drug safety, Adverse drug reaction, Drug Monitoring, Erice declaration, pharmacovigilance
{"title":"Pharmacovigilance: A Necessary Tool for Drug Safety Monitoring Globally","authors":"Asra Mansuri, T. Zaman","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6516","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacovigilance, which is like a parasol to define the procedures for monitoring and analysing adverse drug reactions (ADRs), is a crucial part of efficient clinical practise, public health initiatives, and drug control systems. The volume of data processed has increased as a result of the rise in reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and understanding pharmacovigilance requires a high degree of skill in order to quickly identify medication hazards and defend the product against an unwarranted removal. An impartial method of evaluation would strengthen the present global network of pharmacovigilance centres, which is managed by the Uppsala Monitoring Centre. This would take into account contentious and significant medication safety problems that might have a negative impact on public health across international borders. Pharmacovigilance has recently focused mostly on identifying previously unrecognised or poorly understood adverse medication occurrences. Pharmacovigilance is a crucial and essential component of clinical research, and it is now expanding in many nations. However, with the turn of the millennium, pharmacovigilance confronts enormous hurdles in aspect of improving safety and monitoring of medications. Today, several pharmacovigilance centres are engaged for drug safety monitoring in this global arena. In this overview, we'll talk about medication safety, the function of international pharmacovigilance centres, the advantages and drawbacks of pharmacovigilance, and how it may be used in the future by the healthcare industry. \u0000Keywords: Drug safety, Adverse drug reaction, Drug Monitoring, Erice declaration, pharmacovigilance","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"80 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6541
César Amescua-García, María del Rocío Guillén-Núñez, Alfredo Martínez-Alvarado, Fernando Izquierdo-Moncayo, Luis Rujana-Galaviz, Daniela Hernández-Rodríguez
Introduction: Low back pain is a common problem affecting millions worldwide. Even after surgical treatment some patients do not improve; others suffer from persistent radiculopathy. We define Complex Chronic Low Back Pain (CCLBP) as any low back pain that has lasted for at least three months and has at least two triggering pain mechanisms. Objective: To describe our experience with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in managing CCLBP with a neuropathic component Methods: Quantitative, retrospective analysis from 57 medical records of patients treated with PRP for CCLBP. We used IBM-SPSS 21 to obtain descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Student T and Odds-Ratio. Results: The mean age of our sample was 59.8 (±14.4) years, with 6.51 (±8.7) years of pain and a follow-up of 9 (±12.2) months. 33.3% had lumbar surgery, 29.8% had lumbar trauma, 31.6% used a walking aid, 56.7% had MODIC changes on MRI, and 42% of them received intraosseous-PRP technic. 84.2% reported severe pain (VAS 8-10). The results showed that 96.5% of patients experienced some improvement after PRP treatment. Additionally, 10.5% experienced pain suppression. No significant differences in age, lumbar trauma, lumbar surgery, diseases, or the use of walking aids between patients who benefited from PRP treatment and those who did not. VAS after treatment shows significance (p<0.01) with 5.36±2.6 points. Subjects with less than five years of radicular pain had an improvement greater than 3 points on VAS (OR 7.38, IC95% 1.72-31.7). Conclusion: Autologous platelet-rich plasma injections for chronic low back pain with a neuropathic component are an effective alternative to address CCLBP’s current challenge. New studies with greater statistical power are necessary to make a statement of efficacy, but with the data obtained, it seems a promising option. Keywords: Platelet-Rich Plasma, Low Back Pain, Radiculopathy, Intraosseous
{"title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain with Neuropathic Component in a Pain Medicine Clinic in Mexico: Retrospective Study","authors":"César Amescua-García, María del Rocío Guillén-Núñez, Alfredo Martínez-Alvarado, Fernando Izquierdo-Moncayo, Luis Rujana-Galaviz, Daniela Hernández-Rodríguez","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6541","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Low back pain is a common problem affecting millions worldwide. Even after surgical treatment some patients do not improve; others suffer from persistent radiculopathy. We define Complex Chronic Low Back Pain (CCLBP) as any low back pain that has lasted for at least three months and has at least two triggering pain mechanisms. Objective: To describe our experience with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in managing CCLBP with a neuropathic component Methods: Quantitative, retrospective analysis from 57 medical records of patients treated with PRP for CCLBP. We used IBM-SPSS 21 to obtain descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Student T and Odds-Ratio. Results: The mean age of our sample was 59.8 (±14.4) years, with 6.51 (±8.7) years of pain and a follow-up of 9 (±12.2) months. 33.3% had lumbar surgery, 29.8% had lumbar trauma, 31.6% used a walking aid, 56.7% had MODIC changes on MRI, and 42% of them received intraosseous-PRP technic. 84.2% reported severe pain (VAS 8-10). The results showed that 96.5% of patients experienced some improvement after PRP treatment. Additionally, 10.5% experienced pain suppression. No significant differences in age, lumbar trauma, lumbar surgery, diseases, or the use of walking aids between patients who benefited from PRP treatment and those who did not. VAS after treatment shows significance (p<0.01) with 5.36±2.6 points. Subjects with less than five years of radicular pain had an improvement greater than 3 points on VAS (OR 7.38, IC95% 1.72-31.7). Conclusion: Autologous platelet-rich plasma injections for chronic low back pain with a neuropathic component are an effective alternative to address CCLBP’s current challenge. New studies with greater statistical power are necessary to make a statement of efficacy, but with the data obtained, it seems a promising option. \u0000Keywords: Platelet-Rich Plasma, Low Back Pain, Radiculopathy, Intraosseous","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6503
Tadikonda Rama Rao, Hafsa Sharmeen, Afshaan Tabassum, Sena Jessy Jasmine
Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterized by the loss of pigmentation, resulting in white patches on the skin. The condition arises from the destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives colour to the skin, hair, and eyes. Although the exact etiology of vitiligo remains elusive, it is believed to involve a complex interplay of genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors. This overview provides the key aspects of vitiligo, including its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and current treatment approaches. The prevalence of vitiligo varies globally, affecting individuals of all ethnic backgrounds and age groups. The autoimmune hypothesis proposes that the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks melanocytes, leading to their destruction. Triggering factors, such as oxidative stress, viral infections, and neural factors, may contribute to the initiation and progression of vitiligo. Clinically, vitiligo can significantly impact the quality of life for affected individuals, both psychologically and socially. The distribution and extent of involvement vary, and the condition can affect any part of the body. Various treatment modalities are available for vitiligo, ranging from topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors to phototherapy and surgical interventions. While these approaches may help to re-pigment the skin to some extent, there is no definitive cure, and the outcomes can be unpredictable. Ongoing research is focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying vitiligo and developing targeted therapies to address the root causes of the disease. Keywords: Vitiligo, Autoimmune, Melanocytes, Pigmentation, Corticosteroids, quality of life.
{"title":"Understanding Vitiligo: Causes, Diagnosis, Promising Advances in Treatment and Management and the Impact on Mental Health","authors":"Tadikonda Rama Rao, Hafsa Sharmeen, Afshaan Tabassum, Sena Jessy Jasmine","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6503","url":null,"abstract":"Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterized by the loss of pigmentation, resulting in white patches on the skin. The condition arises from the destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives colour to the skin, hair, and eyes. Although the exact etiology of vitiligo remains elusive, it is believed to involve a complex interplay of genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors. \u0000This overview provides the key aspects of vitiligo, including its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and current treatment approaches. The prevalence of vitiligo varies globally, affecting individuals of all ethnic backgrounds and age groups. \u0000The autoimmune hypothesis proposes that the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks melanocytes, leading to their destruction. Triggering factors, such as oxidative stress, viral infections, and neural factors, may contribute to the initiation and progression of vitiligo. \u0000Clinically, vitiligo can significantly impact the quality of life for affected individuals, both psychologically and socially. The distribution and extent of involvement vary, and the condition can affect any part of the body. \u0000Various treatment modalities are available for vitiligo, ranging from topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors to phototherapy and surgical interventions. While these approaches may help to re-pigment the skin to some extent, there is no definitive cure, and the outcomes can be unpredictable. Ongoing research is focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying vitiligo and developing targeted therapies to address the root causes of the disease. \u0000Keywords: Vitiligo, Autoimmune, Melanocytes, Pigmentation, Corticosteroids, quality of life.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"301 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6498
Faisel Manzoor
Unani physicians have paid great attention to the use of cosmetics since very ancient times. Around 4000 BC first archaeological evidence of cosmetics usage was found in ancient Egypt. The use of perfumes, oils, burning of aromatic incense, copper eye shadows, lamp black for eyes and dying of hairs red were in practice by ancient Egyptians. Unani literature is very rich in cosmeceutical formulations taking care of appearance and dealing with cosmetic diseases in humans. In Unani classical text like Kitab-ul-Mansoori, Al-Hawi-fil-Tib, Kamil-us-Sana, Al-Qanoon-fit-Tib, Zakheera-e-Khwarzam Shahi, the details of cosmetics are mentioned under the headings of Tazeeniyaat. This systematic review can be concluded that various cosmetics and cosmeceuticals prevailing in contemporary era may have been introduced or inspired by these physicians. There are several single drugs or compound formulations described in Unani classical text. Unani cosmetics can be a very good choice owing to their range, low cost and safety and can also be incorporated as an adjuvant in several contemporary preparation. There are several Unani cosmeceuticals are described in unani classical text like Solid Cosmeceutical (Ghaza, Ghaliya, Kajal), Semi-solid Cosmeceutical (Tila, Zimad, Ubtan) and Liquid cosmeceutical (Ghusool, Pashoya). Keywords: Unani Medicine, Cosmetics, Cosmeceuticals, Tazeeniyaat
{"title":"Concept of Cosmetology and its Historical Background in Unani Perspective","authors":"Faisel Manzoor","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6498","url":null,"abstract":"Unani physicians have paid great attention to the use of cosmetics since very ancient times. Around 4000 BC first archaeological evidence of cosmetics usage was found in ancient Egypt. The use of perfumes, oils, burning of aromatic incense, copper eye shadows, lamp black for eyes and dying of hairs red were in practice by ancient Egyptians. Unani literature is very rich in cosmeceutical formulations taking care of appearance and dealing with cosmetic diseases in humans. In Unani classical text like Kitab-ul-Mansoori, Al-Hawi-fil-Tib, Kamil-us-Sana, Al-Qanoon-fit-Tib, Zakheera-e-Khwarzam Shahi, the details of cosmetics are mentioned under the headings of Tazeeniyaat. This systematic review can be concluded that various cosmetics and cosmeceuticals prevailing in contemporary era may have been introduced or inspired by these physicians. There are several single drugs or compound formulations described in Unani classical text. Unani cosmetics can be a very good choice owing to their range, low cost and safety and can also be incorporated as an adjuvant in several contemporary preparation. There are several Unani cosmeceuticals are described in unani classical text like Solid Cosmeceutical (Ghaza, Ghaliya, Kajal), Semi-solid Cosmeceutical (Tila, Zimad, Ubtan) and Liquid cosmeceutical (Ghusool, Pashoya). \u0000Keywords: Unani Medicine, Cosmetics, Cosmeceuticals, Tazeeniyaat","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"64 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To understand the impact of Covid-19 on the prevention and consumption of antiretroviral drugs at Treichville University Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive, multicenter aim, carried out in six screening and treatment departments for HIV patients at the Treichville University Hospital. Monthly order reports from January 2019 to December 2021 from six services were used to collect data on screening and antiretroviral treatment. After a univariate analysis, an Anova made it possible to carry out a comparison of several variables between the study periods. Results: In total, a decrease of 40 to 55% (p>0.05) in the consumption of antiretrovirals was recorded compared to 2019. The antiretrovirals affected more specifically were tenofovir 300mg, lamivudine 150 mg, abacavir / adult lamivudine, lopiritonavir and the tenofovir / adult lamivudine combination (p<0.05). Therapeutic protocols and prevention data varied between 2019 and 2021 with a drop in the prescription of dolutegravir to the profile of efavirenz and a drop of 17.5% of individuals screened in 2020. Conclusion: The Covid-19 health crisis has led to a drop in the frequency of HIV testing and a non-significant effect on the consumption of antiretrovirals essential for the management of the disease. Keywords: Covid-19; Antiretrovirals; Prevention; HIV
{"title":"Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of antiretrovirals and HIV/AIDS prevention indicators at the Treichville University Hospital (Ivory Coast)","authors":"Gbongue Eric Tia, Ayoman Thierry-Lenoir Djadji, Y. Adehouni, Moulad Ephraïm Alliman, Ahou Axelle Edith Kouadio, Amara Kamagaté, Golberg Merveille Kouassi, Amankou Donaldo Jean-Fabius Ahua, Kouakou Emmanuel N’gbra, Assande Ange Auguste Effo, Gisèle KOUAKOU-SIRANSY","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6504","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To understand the impact of Covid-19 on the prevention and consumption of antiretroviral drugs at Treichville University Hospital. \u0000Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive, multicenter aim, carried out in six screening and treatment departments for HIV patients at the Treichville University Hospital. Monthly order reports from January 2019 to December 2021 from six services were used to collect data on screening and antiretroviral treatment. After a univariate analysis, an Anova made it possible to carry out a comparison of several variables between the study periods. \u0000Results: In total, a decrease of 40 to 55% (p>0.05) in the consumption of antiretrovirals was recorded compared to 2019. The antiretrovirals affected more specifically were tenofovir 300mg, lamivudine 150 mg, abacavir / adult lamivudine, lopiritonavir and the tenofovir / adult lamivudine combination (p<0.05). Therapeutic protocols and prevention data varied between 2019 and 2021 with a drop in the prescription of dolutegravir to the profile of efavirenz and a drop of 17.5% of individuals screened in 2020. \u0000Conclusion: The Covid-19 health crisis has led to a drop in the frequency of HIV testing and a non-significant effect on the consumption of antiretrovirals essential for the management of the disease. \u0000Keywords: Covid-19; Antiretrovirals; Prevention; HIV","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"40 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6569
Senem Çetin Duran, Murat Akkuş, Enis Duran, F. Aşır, Nilüfer Dönmezdil, E. Yildizhan, Dilara Konk, K. Uçkan
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to detect potential alterations in sperm cells in cases of varicocele using immunohistochemical methods. Materials and Methods: In this study, semen samples obtained with consent from infertile males aged between 25-40 years were analyzed for the presence of varicocele and other determined factors, and were divided into two groups: a normozoospermic control group and a group diagnosed with varicocele. Direct swim-up techniques were utilized to separate spermatozoa with high motility. Immunohistochemical staining methods were employed to visualize protein expression, and the results were photographed at high magnification for documentation. Results: This research was conducted on sperm samples collected from males diagnosed with varicocele and from a healthy control group. The findings suggest that the presence of aquaporin-3 protein is associated with low or negative expression in sperm cells in the presence of varicocele. Immunohistochemical analyses have revealed a reduced or absent expression of aquaporin 3 in patients with varicocele compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: The results of this study clearly demonstrate the adverse effects of varicocele on the structural and functional integrity of spermatozoa. Given that aquaporin-3 protein is critical for the motility of spermatozoa, the reduced expression or absence of this protein sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of male infertility. Keywords: Sperm DNA fragmentation, immunohistochemistry, Varicocele, protein expression, male infertility, aquaporin-3.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical Analysis of Sperm Aquaporin-3 Expression in Men with Varicocele","authors":"Senem Çetin Duran, Murat Akkuş, Enis Duran, F. Aşır, Nilüfer Dönmezdil, E. Yildizhan, Dilara Konk, K. Uçkan","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6569","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The primary objective of this study is to detect potential alterations in sperm cells in cases of varicocele using immunohistochemical methods. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, semen samples obtained with consent from infertile males aged between 25-40 years were analyzed for the presence of varicocele and other determined factors, and were divided into two groups: a normozoospermic control group and a group diagnosed with varicocele. Direct swim-up techniques were utilized to separate spermatozoa with high motility. Immunohistochemical staining methods were employed to visualize protein expression, and the results were photographed at high magnification for documentation. \u0000Results: This research was conducted on sperm samples collected from males diagnosed with varicocele and from a healthy control group. The findings suggest that the presence of aquaporin-3 protein is associated with low or negative expression in sperm cells in the presence of varicocele. Immunohistochemical analyses have revealed a reduced or absent expression of aquaporin 3 in patients with varicocele compared to healthy individuals. \u0000Conclusion: The results of this study clearly demonstrate the adverse effects of varicocele on the structural and functional integrity of spermatozoa. Given that aquaporin-3 protein is critical for the motility of spermatozoa, the reduced expression or absence of this protein sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of male infertility. \u0000Keywords: Sperm DNA fragmentation, immunohistochemistry, Varicocele, protein expression, male infertility, aquaporin-3.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated blood lipid levels, significantly contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of global mortality per the World Health Organization (WHO). Studies reveal a 20-30% increase in coronary heart disease risk for every 1 mmol/L rise in LDL-C levels. While statins are widely used, novel pharmacotherapeutic approaches are necessary for effective hyperlipidemia management and CVD risk reduction. Recent clinical trials demonstrate the efficacy of innovative drugs like proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in lowering LDL-C levels and reducing adverse cardiovascular events. These findings highlight the potential of new therapies to enhance existing treatments for hyperlipidemia. Additionally, safety evaluations of emerging lipid-lowering agents address concerns about adverse effects and long-term risks. Despite progress, challenges persist in refining treatment strategies and ensuring equitable access to advanced therapies, especially for marginalized populations. Incorporating innovative pharmacotherapies into current approaches offers personalized and efficient hyperlipidemia management. Continued research and interdisciplinary collaborations are vital for advancing our understanding of lipid metabolism and translating scientific discoveries into improved patient outcomes and cardiovascular health. Ongoing innovation and investment in tailored hyperlipidemia therapies are crucial for better outcomes in individuals at risk of CVDs. Keywords: hyperlipidemia, pcsk9 inhibitors, bempedoic acid, evinacumab, inclisiran mipomersen, volanesorsen
{"title":"Advancements In Pharmacotherapy for Hyperlipidemia: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Drug Innovations and Clinical Outcomes","authors":"Hrithik Dey, Vatsala Agarwal, MD Naushad Ali, Astha Upadhyay, Sufia Shafieq, Bhupender Dixit, Sahil Tomar, Mahewish Tarannum","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6533","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated blood lipid levels, significantly contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of global mortality per the World Health Organization (WHO). Studies reveal a 20-30% increase in coronary heart disease risk for every 1 mmol/L rise in LDL-C levels. While statins are widely used, novel pharmacotherapeutic approaches are necessary for effective hyperlipidemia management and CVD risk reduction. Recent clinical trials demonstrate the efficacy of innovative drugs like proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in lowering LDL-C levels and reducing adverse cardiovascular events. These findings highlight the potential of new therapies to enhance existing treatments for hyperlipidemia. Additionally, safety evaluations of emerging lipid-lowering agents address concerns about adverse effects and long-term risks. Despite progress, challenges persist in refining treatment strategies and ensuring equitable access to advanced therapies, especially for marginalized populations. Incorporating innovative pharmacotherapies into current approaches offers personalized and efficient hyperlipidemia management. Continued research and interdisciplinary collaborations are vital for advancing our understanding of lipid metabolism and translating scientific discoveries into improved patient outcomes and cardiovascular health. Ongoing innovation and investment in tailored hyperlipidemia therapies are crucial for better outcomes in individuals at risk of CVDs. \u0000Keywords: hyperlipidemia, pcsk9 inhibitors, bempedoic acid, evinacumab, inclisiran mipomersen, volanesorsen","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"312 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous infection that is quite common and a threat to many developing countries. However, extrapulmonary cases involving tubercular skin and soft tissue abscess formation are rare, accounting for 1 or 2% of cases of Mycobacterium TB infections with skin and soft tissue involvement. The typical extrapulmonary tuberculosis symptoms and indications are nonspecific, making diagnosis difficult and time-consuming. We present a case of right arm tubercular cold abscess in a child related to mycobacterium tuberculosis, which was diagnosed by Ziehl- Neelson stain FNAC (Fine needle Aspiration cytology) and Mantoux test (18mm) induration. Due to its rare manifestation, it often gets misdiagnosed or overlooked. A proper diagnosis will ensure a proper treatment plan. Our case further depicts the collaborative effort of healthcare professionals. The patient came back complaining about the increased swelling in his right arm. Keywords: Tubercular Cold Abscess, Ziehl- Neelson, Fine needle Aspiration cytology, Mantoux test, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
{"title":"A Rare Presentation - Case Report on Tubercular Cold Abscess","authors":"Sagnika Bhattacharjee, Supta Chakraborty, Smrithimol Baby, Vartika Jain, Huda Khan","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i4.6507","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous infection that is quite common and a threat to many developing countries. However, extrapulmonary cases involving tubercular skin and soft tissue abscess formation are rare, accounting for 1 or 2% of cases of Mycobacterium TB infections with skin and soft tissue involvement. The typical extrapulmonary tuberculosis symptoms and indications are nonspecific, making diagnosis difficult and time-consuming. We present a case of right arm tubercular cold abscess in a child related to mycobacterium tuberculosis, which was diagnosed by Ziehl- Neelson stain FNAC (Fine needle Aspiration cytology) and Mantoux test (18mm) induration. Due to its rare manifestation, it often gets misdiagnosed or overlooked. A proper diagnosis will ensure a proper treatment plan. Our case further depicts the collaborative effort of healthcare professionals. The patient came back complaining about the increased swelling in his right arm. \u0000Keywords: Tubercular Cold Abscess, Ziehl- Neelson, Fine needle Aspiration cytology, Mantoux test, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"26 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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