Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6538
Y. Indira Muzib, D. R. Aruna Kumari, Y. R. Ambedkar
Background: The present research investigates the nasal delivery of Lamotrigine by incorporating it into a natural in-situ gelling system. Additionally, the retention of the drug in the nasal cavity was enhanced by employing the natural mucoadhesive polymer locust bean gum (LBG). A preliminary investigation was conducted to determine the optimal concentration of gellan gum. The dosage of the drug was calculated using the Robinson Erikson equation. The central composite design was utilized to optimize the influence of individual variables such as gellan gum and locust bean gum on various responses, including gelation time, gel viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, and the time taken for the drug to release half of its initial concentration (t50). The goal of the current study was to evaluate the in-vivo effectiveness of intra nasal in-situ gel of Lamotrigine. Methodology: The pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies were carried out to evaluate the brain targeting efficiency of lamotrigine. Blood samples and tissues of various vital organs like brain, liver, kidneys and heart were obtained at different time intervals, plasma and tissue concentration of Lamotrigine was estimated by reverse phase HPLC. Results: According to the pharmacokinetic analysis, Cmax and AUC0-α is found to be significantly more (P<0.05) for nasal route compared to oral route. In comparison to the oral route, Cmax and AUC0-α was 7 and 6.5 folds more for IN route. The absolute bioavailability was found to be 159.07%. with regard to the oral group, minimal drug was present in any of the other tissue samples. In the pharmacodynamic data also the formulation through nasal route showed a significant difference compared to oral route (pure drug suspension) delivery in PTZ induced study. Keywords: Lamotrigine, in-vivo study, tissue distribution, pharmacodynamics
{"title":"Biopharmaceutical distribution and pharmacodynamic evaluation of intra nasal in-situ gel of Lamotrigine for brain targeted drug delivery","authors":"Y. Indira Muzib, D. R. Aruna Kumari, Y. R. Ambedkar","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6538","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present research investigates the nasal delivery of Lamotrigine by incorporating it into a natural in-situ gelling system. Additionally, the retention of the drug in the nasal cavity was enhanced by employing the natural mucoadhesive polymer locust bean gum (LBG). A preliminary investigation was conducted to determine the optimal concentration of gellan gum. The dosage of the drug was calculated using the Robinson Erikson equation. The central composite design was utilized to optimize the influence of individual variables such as gellan gum and locust bean gum on various responses, including gelation time, gel viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, and the time taken for the drug to release half of its initial concentration (t50). The goal of the current study was to evaluate the in-vivo effectiveness of intra nasal in-situ gel of Lamotrigine. \u0000Methodology: The pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies were carried out to evaluate the brain targeting efficiency of lamotrigine. Blood samples and tissues of various vital organs like brain, liver, kidneys and heart were obtained at different time intervals, plasma and tissue concentration of Lamotrigine was estimated by reverse phase HPLC. \u0000Results: According to the pharmacokinetic analysis, Cmax and AUC0-α is found to be significantly more (P<0.05) for nasal route compared to oral route. In comparison to the oral route, Cmax and AUC0-α was 7 and 6.5 folds more for IN route. The absolute bioavailability was found to be 159.07%. with regard to the oral group, minimal drug was present in any of the other tissue samples. In the pharmacodynamic data also the formulation through nasal route showed a significant difference compared to oral route (pure drug suspension) delivery in PTZ induced study. \u0000Keywords: Lamotrigine, in-vivo study, tissue distribution, pharmacodynamics","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6610
Vasudha Gupta, Sameer Ahmed, M. Kaushik, Mehvish Saleem
"Selman Waksman" first used the term "antibiotic" in 1942 to refer to any material produced by a bacterium that inhibits the growth of other micro-organisms in high dilution. The pathogenic bacteria, the patient, and the medication are the three main components of the antibiotic periodontal therapy idea. Patients with attachment loss or with aggressive types of periodontitis or those with periodontitis linked with underlying medical conditions are the best candidates for systemic antimicrobial therapy. The three main objectives of Periodontal Therapy are disrupting biofilms, suppressing potential periodontal pathogens throughout the entire oral cavity, and halting the illness. The microbial etiology of inflammatory periodontal disease provides the rationale for the use of antibiotic medication in periodontal therapy. This idea is predicated on the idea that a certain bacterium causes destructive periodontal disease and that antibiotic agents can be present in humans in doses greater than those required to kill or inhibit infections. Keywords: Antibiotics, Systemic drug delivery, Local drug delivery, Periodontal therapy.
{"title":"Chemotherapeutic Agents in Periodontics: A Review","authors":"Vasudha Gupta, Sameer Ahmed, M. Kaushik, Mehvish Saleem","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6610","url":null,"abstract":"\"Selman Waksman\" first used the term \"antibiotic\" in 1942 to refer to any material produced by a bacterium that inhibits the growth of other micro-organisms in high dilution. The pathogenic bacteria, the patient, and the medication are the three main components of the antibiotic periodontal therapy idea. Patients with attachment loss or with aggressive types of periodontitis or those with periodontitis linked with underlying medical conditions are the best candidates for systemic antimicrobial therapy. The three main objectives of Periodontal Therapy are disrupting biofilms, suppressing potential periodontal pathogens throughout the entire oral cavity, and halting the illness. The microbial etiology of inflammatory periodontal disease provides the rationale for the use of antibiotic medication in periodontal therapy. This idea is predicated on the idea that a certain bacterium causes destructive periodontal disease and that antibiotic agents can be present in humans in doses greater than those required to kill or inhibit infections. \u0000Keywords: Antibiotics, Systemic drug delivery, Local drug delivery, Periodontal therapy.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6579
Ziaur Rahman, Shah Alam, Irfan Ahmad, Nikhat Shaikh, Mohammad Adil, Piyush Yadav, Nirmala Devi MK
Dubayla al-Kabid (Liver abscess) is a condition in which collection of pus occurs in the liver commonly involving the right lobe. Traditional Unani medicine offers a detailed description of liver disorders alongwith their management. Causative factors of Dubayla al-Kabid include- infection, chronic dysentery, liver injury, cholelithiasis, irregular diets etc. The symptoms are fever with chills, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and difficulty in breathing. The line of treatment under Usool-e-Ilaj of the disease is based on evacuation of pus, use of medicines with Dāfi‘-i-Ḥummā (Antipyretic) , Daf‘-i-Ta‘affun (Antiseptic), Muḥāfiẓ-i-Jigar (Hepatoprotective) and Muqawwī-i-Jigar(Liver tonic) properties. In contemporary medicine liver abscess is an encapsulated collection of suppurated material within the liver resulting from either fungal, bacterial, or parasitic infection. Although Klebsiella pneumoniae accounts for 50–70% of cases in the Asian subcontinent, Entamoeba histolytica is also frequently seen in routine clinical practice causing liver abscesses. Escherichia coli is the most common bacterium causing liver abscesses. Thus, infection that spreads throughout the biliary system is one of the most frequent causes of liver abscess requiring antibiotics. The drainage of pus is the treatment of choice in cases of large abscess while small liver abscess of 2-3 cm is conventionally treated with antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance and persistence are associated with an elevated risk of treatment failure and relapsing infections. Hence there is a need to explore the ages old treatment strategies for the management of small liver abscess laid down in traditional Unani medicine. This paper will further pave the way of developing novel therapies for the effective management of liver abscess. Keywords: Dubayla al-Kabid, Unani management, Usool-e-Ilaj
{"title":"Management of Dubayla al-Kabid (Liver abscess) in Unani medicine: A review","authors":"Ziaur Rahman, Shah Alam, Irfan Ahmad, Nikhat Shaikh, Mohammad Adil, Piyush Yadav, Nirmala Devi MK","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6579","url":null,"abstract":"Dubayla al-Kabid (Liver abscess) is a condition in which collection of pus occurs in the liver commonly involving the right lobe. Traditional Unani medicine offers a detailed description of liver disorders alongwith their management. Causative factors of Dubayla al-Kabid include- infection, chronic dysentery, liver injury, cholelithiasis, irregular diets etc. The symptoms are fever with chills, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and difficulty in breathing. The line of treatment under Usool-e-Ilaj of the disease is based on evacuation of pus, use of medicines with Dāfi‘-i-Ḥummā (Antipyretic) , Daf‘-i-Ta‘affun (Antiseptic), Muḥāfiẓ-i-Jigar (Hepatoprotective) and Muqawwī-i-Jigar(Liver tonic) properties. In contemporary medicine liver abscess is an encapsulated collection of suppurated material within the liver resulting from either fungal, bacterial, or parasitic infection. Although Klebsiella pneumoniae accounts for 50–70% of cases in the Asian subcontinent, Entamoeba histolytica is also frequently seen in routine clinical practice causing liver abscesses. Escherichia coli is the most common bacterium causing liver abscesses. Thus, infection that spreads throughout the biliary system is one of the most frequent causes of liver abscess requiring antibiotics. The drainage of pus is the treatment of choice in cases of large abscess while small liver abscess of 2-3 cm is conventionally treated with antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance and persistence are associated with an elevated risk of treatment failure and relapsing infections. Hence there is a need to explore the ages old treatment strategies for the management of small liver abscess laid down in traditional Unani medicine. This paper will further pave the way of developing novel therapies for the effective management of liver abscess. \u0000Keywords: Dubayla al-Kabid, Unani management, Usool-e-Ilaj","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6532
Nidhika Kaundal, Pravin Kumar
Objective: The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate ethosomal cream containing resveratrol for the treatment of contact dermatitis. Method: Resveratrol-loaded ethosome was prepared using cold method. The prepared ethosomes were assessed for entrapment efficiency (%), TEM analysis and sedimentation rate to determine the optimal formulation for loading into cream base. The selected formulation was further investigated for particle size distribution and zeta potential. A cream base was formulated using fusion and trituration method and selected for loading with the ethosomal suspension, meeting specification suitable for topical delivery. Ethosomal cream formulations were evaluated for drug content, ex -vitro diffusion by using goat skin, skin retention, microbiological study and stability study. Result and Discussion: The formulation E3 was selected for loading in the optimized cream base (F4) to obtain a topical cream containing ethosomes of resveratrol. The release study reveals that release was controlled for the 24 hours. The drug release in buffer was less than 17% from all the formulations after 24 hours. The drug content of resveratrol in goat skin and cream remained in donor compartment indicates that the drug retention in skin was high in all the formulations, which is desirable for the topical formulations. The best possible release kinetics of the formulation loaded with resveratrol containing ethosomes was found to be zero order. The ‘n’ value from Peppas’s model indicated that the drug release was by Fickian diffusion. Stability study indicates that all the cream formulations were stable after a time period of one month. Conclusion: The present study conclusively supported that ethosomal cream containing resveratrol to be an advantageous topical drug delivery system in treatment of ACD. However detail in- vivo study should be conducted in future to be justify the in- vitro study. Keywords: Resveratrol, Ethosome, Cream, Contact dermatitis.
{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Ethosomal Cream containing Resveratrol for the Treatment of Contact Dermatitis","authors":"Nidhika Kaundal, Pravin Kumar","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6532","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate ethosomal cream containing resveratrol for the treatment of contact dermatitis. \u0000Method: Resveratrol-loaded ethosome was prepared using cold method. The prepared ethosomes were assessed for entrapment efficiency (%), TEM analysis and sedimentation rate to determine the optimal formulation for loading into cream base. The selected formulation was further investigated for particle size distribution and zeta potential. A cream base was formulated using fusion and trituration method and selected for loading with the ethosomal suspension, meeting specification suitable for topical delivery. Ethosomal cream formulations were evaluated for drug content, ex -vitro diffusion by using goat skin, skin retention, microbiological study and stability study. \u0000Result and Discussion: The formulation E3 was selected for loading in the optimized cream base (F4) to obtain a topical cream containing ethosomes of resveratrol. The release study reveals that release was controlled for the 24 hours. The drug release in buffer was less than 17% from all the formulations after 24 hours. The drug content of resveratrol in goat skin and cream remained in donor compartment indicates that the drug retention in skin was high in all the formulations, which is desirable for the topical formulations. The best possible release kinetics of the formulation loaded with resveratrol containing ethosomes was found to be zero order. The ‘n’ value from Peppas’s model indicated that the drug release was by Fickian diffusion. Stability study indicates that all the cream formulations were stable after a time period of one month. \u0000Conclusion: The present study conclusively supported that ethosomal cream containing resveratrol to be an advantageous topical drug delivery system in treatment of ACD. However detail in- vivo study should be conducted in future to be justify the in- vitro study. \u0000Keywords: Resveratrol, Ethosome, Cream, Contact dermatitis.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6559
Shanthi Diraviyam Shanmuga Kumar, Mahendar Kotte, N. K. Rao, Vollem Jyothi, Juttu Pavani, Ashritha Shivani, P. S. Sundar
In the present investigation, an attempt was made for the development, validation, forced degradation and pharmacokinetic application of sitagliptin in the human plasma spiking studies by UV - HPLC method. The experimentation was developed based on the extensive literature survey and ascertained by the statistical parameters of the sampling. A simplified, accurate method was created by the liquid chromatographic system from Shimadazu LC 20AD consisting of manual injection. The optimized chromatogram was obtained with acetonitrile in the isocratic mobile phase method at a 1.0 mL/min flow rate. A thermo C-8 column (4.6X250mm,5μm) was used as a stationary phase, and 265.0nm was selected as the detection wavelength with the aid of a UV-Vis detector. The proposed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The technique was linear in the range of 10-50μg/mL with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9746, respectively. Recovery studies postulated that % RSD 19.14, 3 & 9.95 respectively. Injection repeatability values were found to be % RSD 17 & 10.63 for intraday and interday, respectively. Stress degradation studies revealed that sitagliptin degrades more rapidly when subjected to 0.1 NaoH. Human plasma spiking studies reported 3.02 ng/mL at 3.02+/-60 min of C and T max, respectively. Keywords: Sitagliptin, Method development, HPLC, Validation, Stress degradation studies, Human plasma spiking studies
{"title":"Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation and forced degradation of Sitagliptin and determination of Pharmacokinetic application study in Human Plasma by RP-HPLC method","authors":"Shanthi Diraviyam Shanmuga Kumar, Mahendar Kotte, N. K. Rao, Vollem Jyothi, Juttu Pavani, Ashritha Shivani, P. S. Sundar","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6559","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, an attempt was made for the development, validation, forced degradation and pharmacokinetic application of sitagliptin in the human plasma spiking studies by UV - HPLC method. The experimentation was developed based on the extensive literature survey and ascertained by the statistical parameters of the sampling. A simplified, accurate method was created by the liquid chromatographic system from Shimadazu LC 20AD consisting of manual injection. The optimized chromatogram was obtained with acetonitrile in the isocratic mobile phase method at a 1.0 mL/min flow rate. A thermo C-8 column (4.6X250mm,5μm) was used as a stationary phase, and 265.0nm was selected as the detection wavelength with the aid of a UV-Vis detector. The proposed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The technique was linear in the range of 10-50μg/mL with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9746, respectively. Recovery studies postulated that % RSD 19.14, 3 & 9.95 respectively. Injection repeatability values were found to be % RSD 17 & 10.63 for intraday and interday, respectively. Stress degradation studies revealed that sitagliptin degrades more rapidly when subjected to 0.1 NaoH. Human plasma spiking studies reported 3.02 ng/mL at 3.02+/-60 min of C and T max, respectively. \u0000Keywords: Sitagliptin, Method development, HPLC, Validation, Stress degradation studies, Human plasma spiking studies","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6543
Rafat Afzal, Asia Sultana, Mohammad Shoaib, Hamid Ashraf
Background: Prediabetes is a metabolic condition characterized by blood glucose levels higher than normal but below the threshold for diabetes mellitus. It represents a critical stage in the progression towards type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications. The two major pathophysiologic defects responsible for losing glucose tolerance are insulin resistance and β-cell glucose insensitivity, both appearing in subjects of Intermediate Hyperglycaemia. In classical literature, Unani physicians have described the initial symptoms and factors leading to the pathology, the risk factors are described in terms of ‘Su-e-mizaj’ as per the concept of Tibb. So, it is considered in the context of Ziabetus which is described as a disease that develops due to Sue-mizaj haar (abnormal hot temperament). The symptoms mentioned in Unani medicine are increased frequency of micturition (ants and flies are attracted to urine), increased thirst, nocturia, dryness of mouth and whole body, fatigue, loss of weight, malaise, and cramps in lower extremities. The modern drug-based approach for the management of Intermediate Hyperglycaemia is associated with inherent drawbacks, including toxicity, tolerability, cost, and efficacy. Objective: The purpose of this review is to provide an in-depth understanding of prediabetes concerning the classical literature of Greek medicine based on the analysis of certain parameters like etiopathophysiology, current diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and evidence-based management strategies. By synthesizing findings from epidemiological studies, and clinical trials, this paper aims to enhance understanding of prediabetes and facilitate effective preventive measures and interventions. Keywords: Prediabetes, Intermediate hyperglycaemia, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Impaired Fasting Glucose, Insulin Resistance.
{"title":"Ziabetus (Prediabetes): A Harbinger of Critical Stage in the Continuum of Glucose Metabolism Disorder: A Review","authors":"Rafat Afzal, Asia Sultana, Mohammad Shoaib, Hamid Ashraf","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6543","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prediabetes is a metabolic condition characterized by blood glucose levels higher than normal but below the threshold for diabetes mellitus. It represents a critical stage in the progression towards type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications. The two major pathophysiologic defects responsible for losing glucose tolerance are insulin resistance and β-cell glucose insensitivity, both appearing in subjects of Intermediate Hyperglycaemia. In classical literature, Unani physicians have described the initial symptoms and factors leading to the pathology, the risk factors are described in terms of ‘Su-e-mizaj’ as per the concept of Tibb. So, it is considered in the context of Ziabetus which is described as a disease that develops due to Sue-mizaj haar (abnormal hot temperament). The symptoms mentioned in Unani medicine are increased frequency of micturition (ants and flies are attracted to urine), increased thirst, nocturia, dryness of mouth and whole body, fatigue, loss of weight, malaise, and cramps in lower extremities. The modern drug-based approach for the management of Intermediate Hyperglycaemia is associated with inherent drawbacks, including toxicity, tolerability, cost, and efficacy. Objective: The purpose of this review is to provide an in-depth understanding of prediabetes concerning the classical literature of Greek medicine based on the analysis of certain parameters like etiopathophysiology, current diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and evidence-based management strategies. By synthesizing findings from epidemiological studies, and clinical trials, this paper aims to enhance understanding of prediabetes and facilitate effective preventive measures and interventions. \u0000Keywords: Prediabetes, Intermediate hyperglycaemia, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Impaired Fasting Glucose, Insulin Resistance.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" January","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6602
Mohd. Maruf Khan, Akanksha Mishra
Aftimoon (Cuscuta reflexa), a member of Convolvulaceae family is a miraculous parasitic plant with a rich history of utilization in traditional medicine. It has been extensively employed in the Unani treatments all over the world, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, to treat and prevent a variety of illness. Over the years, numerous research findings have documented its diverse therapeutic effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. It is utilized as a single medication (mufrad) in powder, mixture, and decoction form and as compound formulations (murakkab) to treat a variety of ailments, which includes hepatitis, palpitations, varicose veins, mental ailments such as epilepsy and depression as well as dermatological conditions such as vitiligo and pityriasis. A number of biologically active compounds with therapeutic potential have been recognized and isolated from this wonder plant which includes amarbelin, sterol glycosides, cuscutalin, bergenin, and others. The synergistic actions of its constituents contribute to its multifaceted healing properties. This review explores the therapeutic potential of Aftimoon, shedding light on its pharmacological properties, traditional uses, and emerging research. By synthesizing traditional knowledge with modern scientific insights, this review aims to illuminate the diversified healing properties of C.reflexa and inspire further research and foster its integration into mainstream healthcare practices. Keywords: Aftimoon; Cuscuta reflexa; Therapeutic potential; Unani medicines
{"title":"Unraveling the Therapeutic Potential of Miracle Plant ‘Aftimoon’ in Disease Prevention and Treatment: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Mohd. Maruf Khan, Akanksha Mishra","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6602","url":null,"abstract":"Aftimoon (Cuscuta reflexa), a member of Convolvulaceae family is a miraculous parasitic plant with a rich history of utilization in traditional medicine. It has been extensively employed in the Unani treatments all over the world, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, to treat and prevent a variety of illness. Over the years, numerous research findings have documented its diverse therapeutic effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. It is utilized as a single medication (mufrad) in powder, mixture, and decoction form and as compound formulations (murakkab) to treat a variety of ailments, which includes hepatitis, palpitations, varicose veins, mental ailments such as epilepsy and depression as well as dermatological conditions such as vitiligo and pityriasis. A number of biologically active compounds with therapeutic potential have been recognized and isolated from this wonder plant which includes amarbelin, sterol glycosides, cuscutalin, bergenin, and others. The synergistic actions of its constituents contribute to its multifaceted healing properties. This review explores the therapeutic potential of Aftimoon, shedding light on its pharmacological properties, traditional uses, and emerging research. By synthesizing traditional knowledge with modern scientific insights, this review aims to illuminate the diversified healing properties of C.reflexa and inspire further research and foster its integration into mainstream healthcare practices. \u0000Keywords: Aftimoon; Cuscuta reflexa; Therapeutic potential; Unani medicines","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6531
L. Kanthal, Suman Pattanayak, Susmita Roy, P. K. Panda, Rahul Ari, Sanchayan Mondal, Saikat Midya, Argho Golui
Thevetia peruviana plant, a member of the Apocynaceae family, has a long history in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as amenorrhea, malaria, jaundice, hemorrhoids, constipation, headaches, and skin issues. It contains significant amounts of cardiac glycosides in both its roots and seeds, which are known for their cytotoxic effects similar to digoxin. Given its potential toxicity and widespread use, current research is focused on assessing the antimitotic properties of the methanolic extract derived from the fruits of Thevetia peruviana. In the pursuit of potential pharmaceutical findings from plants, the antimitotic properties of the extracts were investigated through the Allium cepa assay. The findings indicated a noteworthy decrease in the mitotic index of root tips compared to the control, with the degree of mitotic suppression escalating alongside the concentration of the extracts. Therefore, the study suggests that the methanol extract derived from T. peruviana fruit has notable inhibitory and mitodepressive impacts on cell division in Allium cepa L. meristems. Keywords: Thebetia peruviana, Anti-mitotic Activity, Allium cepa assay, mitotic index
秘鲁苦参属植物在传统医学中有着悠久的历史，可用于治疗各种疾病，如闭经、疟疾、黄疸、痔疮、便秘、头痛和皮肤问题。它的根茎和种子中都含有大量强心苷，其细胞毒性作用类似于地高辛。鉴于其潜在的毒性和广泛的使用，目前的研究重点是评估从秘鲁鼠尾草果实中提取的甲醇提取物的抗有丝分裂特性。为了从植物中寻找潜在的制药成果，研究人员通过薤白试验研究了萃取物的抗硝化特性。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，根尖的有丝分裂指数明显下降，有丝分裂抑制程度随提取物浓度的增加而增加。因此，该研究表明，从 T. peruviana 果实中提取的甲醇提取物对薤白分生组织的细胞分裂具有显著的抑制和有丝分裂抑制作用。关键词西番莲；抗有丝分裂活性；薤白测定；有丝分裂指数
{"title":"Anti-mitotic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Thevetia peruviana fruits","authors":"L. Kanthal, Suman Pattanayak, Susmita Roy, P. K. Panda, Rahul Ari, Sanchayan Mondal, Saikat Midya, Argho Golui","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6531","url":null,"abstract":"Thevetia peruviana plant, a member of the Apocynaceae family, has a long history in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as amenorrhea, malaria, jaundice, hemorrhoids, constipation, headaches, and skin issues. It contains significant amounts of cardiac glycosides in both its roots and seeds, which are known for their cytotoxic effects similar to digoxin. Given its potential toxicity and widespread use, current research is focused on assessing the antimitotic properties of the methanolic extract derived from the fruits of Thevetia peruviana. In the pursuit of potential pharmaceutical findings from plants, the antimitotic properties of the extracts were investigated through the Allium cepa assay. The findings indicated a noteworthy decrease in the mitotic index of root tips compared to the control, with the degree of mitotic suppression escalating alongside the concentration of the extracts. Therefore, the study suggests that the methanol extract derived from T. peruviana fruit has notable inhibitory and mitodepressive impacts on cell division in Allium cepa L. meristems. \u0000Keywords: Thebetia peruviana, Anti-mitotic Activity, Allium cepa assay, mitotic index","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6247
Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Ntezirizaza Evariste, Yamukujije Clementine, Migabo Hiberte, Uwamahoro Consolée, Tuyishime Jean De Dieu
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the inflammatory disorders of the urinary tract caused by the abnormal growth of pathogens. UTI is known to cause short-term morbidity in terms of fever, dysuria, and lower abdominal pain (LAP) and may result in permanent scarring of the kidney. The presence of bacteria in the urine, known as bacteriuria, may be indicative of infection or colonization of the urinary tract, but it may also be due to bacterial contamination occurring during collection of a specimen. Aim: The present study was done in order to identify the bacteria causing UTI from female patients. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on female patients who were attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital in a period of two months from October to November 2021. Urine samples were collected from patients who were requested to urinary test with respect to standard procedures. Samples were processed and analyzed at INES-Ruhengeri microbiology laboratory where gram stain and culture as well as biochemical test were performed in order to make microbial identification. From the results patients who were found with UTI, their structured questionnaire was taken into consideration in order to determine the associated risk factors. Results: The outcomes of the study indicated that E.coli, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter ssp and S. saprophyticus were isolated from patients urine sample where E. coli is more present in patients sample where it has been found at 60%(18) samples. The least isolated bacteria in patient’s samples are Enterrobacter spp and S. saprophyticus at frequency of 2(6.7) per each bacterium. The risk factor associated with urinary tract infection in female patients attended Ruhengeri-referral-hospital in a period of study, the results indicated that douching in secret parts twice a day is associated with UTI with P-value equivalent to 0.001. Conclusion: This study was intended to assess the UTI among female patients. The study findings indicated that E.coli, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter ssp and S. saprophyticus are more likely to be found in urinary tract of female. The study finding has indicated also that poor hygienic life style increases the risk of being infected by UTIs.
{"title":"Assessment of Urinary Tract Infections Among Female Patients Attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital","authors":"Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Ntezirizaza Evariste, Yamukujije Clementine, Migabo Hiberte, Uwamahoro Consolée, Tuyishime Jean De Dieu","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6247","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the inflammatory disorders of the urinary tract caused by the abnormal growth of pathogens. UTI is known to cause short-term morbidity in terms of fever, dysuria, and lower abdominal pain (LAP) and may result in permanent scarring of the kidney. The presence of bacteria in the urine, known as bacteriuria, may be indicative of infection or colonization of the urinary tract, but it may also be due to bacterial contamination occurring during collection of a specimen. \u0000Aim: The present study was done in order to identify the bacteria causing UTI from female patients. \u0000Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on female patients who were attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital in a period of two months from October to November 2021. Urine samples were collected from patients who were requested to urinary test with respect to standard procedures. Samples were processed and analyzed at INES-Ruhengeri microbiology laboratory where gram stain and culture as well as biochemical test were performed in order to make microbial identification. From the results patients who were found with UTI, their structured questionnaire was taken into consideration in order to determine the associated risk factors. \u0000Results: The outcomes of the study indicated that E.coli, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter ssp and S. saprophyticus were isolated from patients urine sample where E. coli is more present in patients sample where it has been found at 60%(18) samples. The least isolated bacteria in patient’s samples are Enterrobacter spp and S. saprophyticus at frequency of 2(6.7) per each bacterium. The risk factor associated with urinary tract infection in female patients attended Ruhengeri-referral-hospital in a period of study, the results indicated that douching in secret parts twice a day is associated with UTI with P-value equivalent to 0.001. \u0000Conclusion: This study was intended to assess the UTI among female patients. The study findings indicated that E.coli, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter ssp and S. saprophyticus are more likely to be found in urinary tract of female. The study finding has indicated also that poor hygienic life style increases the risk of being infected by UTIs.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6561
Chand Bibi, Safder Husain, Zar Nigar
Milk is the most necessary food for humans because it provides almost all nutrients such as the most nutritious protein, calcium, essential fatty acids, water-soluble vitamins, and other bioactive compounds responsible for maintaining health and other physiological functions. Milk has also been used effectively in the Unani system of medicine for centuries to improve complexion and to treat other ailments (especially dermatological disorders). For skin brightening, Unani physicians mentioned the use of the paste made up of powdered tukhm e kharpazah (seeds of musk melon), aarad e nakhud (powdered chickpea) each 2 parts, arad e baqla(powdered broad beans), aarad e jau (powdered barley) each 1 part, adas muqashshar (powdered lentil), nishasta (corn flour), kateera (tragacanth gum) each half part, tukhm e turb (radish seeds) 1/4th part, za’fran (saffron) a little and milk at night on the face and advice to wash the face with the decoction of banafsha (sweet violet) and post kharpaza (musk melon fruit epicarp) in the morning. Milk has several therapeutic actions too e.g. Musammin e Badan (adipogenous), Muhallil (anti-inflammatory), Mugharri (glutinous- Mugharri drug is a cold and dry substance with a small amount of viscid moisture that coats the surface and constricts pores. It moisturizes the skin and makes it appear lighter), Mohsin e laun (fairness activity), Ghassal (irrigator), Tiryaq (antidote), and Muqawwi (general tonic), etc. There are some scientific reports on the anti-hyperpigmentation effect of cow milk in which a paste of cow milk and powdered roasted red lentils was tested to enhance the complexion. They found significantly effective result on the Fitzpatrick scale, enhanced complexion, and reduced tanning as well as dullness. The main objective of this article is to present cow milk's nutritional and therapeutic activity. Keywords: Cow milk, Unani medicine, Nutrition, Skin Tanning, Skin Brightening.
牛奶是人类最必需的食物，因为它提供了几乎所有的营养成分，如最有营养的蛋白质、钙、必需脂肪酸、水溶性维生素和其他负责维持健康和其他生理功能的生物活性化合物。几个世纪以来，牛奶在乌纳尼医学体系中一直被有效地用于改善肤色和治疗其他疾病（尤其是皮肤病）。为了美白皮肤，尤那尼医生提到使用由 tukhm e kharpazah（麝香瓜籽）粉末、aarad e nakhud（鹰嘴豆粉末）各 2 份、arad e baqla（蚕豆粉末）、aarad e jau（大麦粉末）各 1 份、adas muqashshar（扁豆粉末）制成的糊状物、nishasta （玉米粉）、kateera（黄蓍胶）各半份，tukhm e turb（萝卜籽）1/4 份，za'fran（藏红花）少许，晚上用牛奶敷脸，建议早上用 banafsha（甜紫罗兰）和 post kharpaza（麝香瓜果表皮）的煎煮液洗脸。牛奶也有多种治疗作用，如 Musammin e Badan（去脂肪）、Muhallil（消炎）、Mugharri（糯米--Mugharri 药物是一种冷而干燥的物质，带有少量粘性水分，能覆盖皮肤表面并收缩毛孔。它能滋润皮肤，使皮肤看起来更白）、Mohsin e laun（白皙活性）、Ghassal（灌溉剂）、Tiryaq（解毒剂）和 Muqawwi（一般滋补剂）等。有一些关于牛奶抗色素沉着效果的科学报告，其中测试了牛奶和烤红扁豆粉的糊状物对改善肤色的作用。他们在菲茨帕特里克量表上发现了明显有效的结果，即增强了肤色，减少了晒黑和暗沉。本文的主要目的是介绍牛奶的营养和治疗活性。关键词牛乳、尤那尼医学、营养、皮肤晒黑、美白。
{"title":"Nutritional and Therapeutic Values of Cow Milk: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Chand Bibi, Safder Husain, Zar Nigar","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6561","url":null,"abstract":"Milk is the most necessary food for humans because it provides almost all nutrients such as the most nutritious protein, calcium, essential fatty acids, water-soluble vitamins, and other bioactive compounds responsible for maintaining health and other physiological functions. Milk has also been used effectively in the Unani system of medicine for centuries to improve complexion and to treat other ailments (especially dermatological disorders). For skin brightening, Unani physicians mentioned the use of the paste made up of powdered tukhm e kharpazah (seeds of musk melon), aarad e nakhud (powdered chickpea) each 2 parts, arad e baqla(powdered broad beans), aarad e jau (powdered barley) each 1 part, adas muqashshar (powdered lentil), nishasta (corn flour), kateera (tragacanth gum) each half part, tukhm e turb (radish seeds) 1/4th part, za’fran (saffron) a little and milk at night on the face and advice to wash the face with the decoction of banafsha (sweet violet) and post kharpaza (musk melon fruit epicarp) in the morning. Milk has several therapeutic actions too e.g. Musammin e Badan (adipogenous), Muhallil (anti-inflammatory), Mugharri (glutinous- Mugharri drug is a cold and dry substance with a small amount of viscid moisture that coats the surface and constricts pores. It moisturizes the skin and makes it appear lighter), Mohsin e laun (fairness activity), Ghassal (irrigator), Tiryaq (antidote), and Muqawwi (general tonic), etc. There are some scientific reports on the anti-hyperpigmentation effect of cow milk in which a paste of cow milk and powdered roasted red lentils was tested to enhance the complexion. They found significantly effective result on the Fitzpatrick scale, enhanced complexion, and reduced tanning as well as dullness. The main objective of this article is to present cow milk's nutritional and therapeutic activity. \u0000Keywords: Cow milk, Unani medicine, Nutrition, Skin Tanning, Skin Brightening.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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