Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6571
Aya Honorine Tanoh, K. E. Kporou, A. Brion, C. Seguin, Antoine Kitchler, Benoit Frisch, Sylvie Fournel
The incidence of cancer and related mortality are on the rise worldwide, and this requires the search for new plant-based medicines. In this study, the antioxidant potential and cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cell line were evaluated. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of M. morindoïdes were prepared by maceration and evaluated for some biological properties. Cytotoxicity was assessed according to MTS method on the cancer line HCT-116 (colorectal carcinoma) using doxorubicin as reference. Antioxidant potential was carried out by DPPH and ABTS tests. Tri-phytochemistry was carried out from coloring and precipitation tests. On HCT-116 cell line, extracts demonstrated dose-response activity. The lowest IC50 value was obtained with the acetate extract with an IC50= 16.38 ± 0.2 µg/mL. IC50 values for antioxidant activities were evaluated at 39.70 ± 1.7 µg/mL and at 57.65 ± 4.3µg/mL by DPPH and ABTS test respectilly. Finally, phytochemical screening showed presence of polyphenols, flavonoids and quinone. M. morindoides ethyl acetate extract showed the best cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities. Therefore, it should be an interesting source for discovery of new compounds for colorectal cancer treatment. Keywords: cytotoxicity, cancer cells, antioxidant, Morinda morindoides.
{"title":"Cytotoxicity and antioxidant potential of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of Morinda morindoïdes leaves","authors":"Aya Honorine Tanoh, K. E. Kporou, A. Brion, C. Seguin, Antoine Kitchler, Benoit Frisch, Sylvie Fournel","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6571","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of cancer and related mortality are on the rise worldwide, and this requires the search for new plant-based medicines. In this study, the antioxidant potential and cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cell line were evaluated. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of M. morindoïdes were prepared by maceration and evaluated for some biological properties. Cytotoxicity was assessed according to MTS method on the cancer line HCT-116 (colorectal carcinoma) using doxorubicin as reference. Antioxidant potential was carried out by DPPH and ABTS tests. Tri-phytochemistry was carried out from coloring and precipitation tests. On HCT-116 cell line, extracts demonstrated dose-response activity. The lowest IC50 value was obtained with the acetate extract with an IC50= 16.38 ± 0.2 µg/mL. IC50 values for antioxidant activities were evaluated at 39.70 ± 1.7 µg/mL and at 57.65 ± 4.3µg/mL by DPPH and ABTS test respectilly. Finally, phytochemical screening showed presence of polyphenols, flavonoids and quinone. M. morindoides ethyl acetate extract showed the best cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities. Therefore, it should be an interesting source for discovery of new compounds for colorectal cancer treatment. \u0000Keywords: cytotoxicity, cancer cells, antioxidant, Morinda morindoides.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6659
Mukandayishimiye Julienne, Izere Cedrick, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Mukashema Hyacinthe, Nzabanterura Innocent, Uwihanganye Jean Chrysostome, Habanabakize Jean Baptiste, Korineza Dary Lorraine
Background: Bacteria are present on all surfaces, to which they were carried by many direct and indirect methods of transmission. A toilet is simply a receptacle into which both solid and liquid waste of human origin, in the form of urine and excreta are discharged. In public toilets, complete strangers mix and use the same sanitary facilities, with all the related risks of bodily fluid exchange, contamination and organism transmission. Unhygienic use of the toilet’s facilities may cause urine and fecal residues after use to serve as a major reservoir or source of human pathogen, which may in turn bring about disease outbreak. Aim: This study aimed at Identification of Bacteria from Public Toilets of Modern Market (Goico) In Musanze Town, Rwanda Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify bacteria from GOICO market toilets. About 40 samples; 20 from male and 20 from female toilets were collected and transported to INES-clinical microbiology laboratory for microbiological analysis. Laboratory techniques including culture, gram stain, biochemical tests and antibiogram were performed. Results: The most predominant bacteria isolated was S. aureus (31.43%), followed by S. typhi (20%), Streptococcus(15.71%), E. coli(12.86%), P. aeuriginosa(10%), P. mirabilis(7.14%), C. freundi(1.43%), S. epidermidis (1.43%). It was noted that female toilets were more contaminated (51.43%) than male toilets (48.57%). All gram positive and gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to Gentamicin. Almost all bacteria except P. mirabilis were sensitive to Norfloxacin, gram negative showed a resistance to Vancomycin and Novobiocin. Conclusion: These results should alert public toilets users that extreme caution must be executed while using these toilets, as they may be a source of pathogenic bacteria. The best way to keep a toilet and its seat free of bacteria is to clean it with bleach. Otherwise, keep the bacteria at bay by washing your hands, and if you just don't trust that toilet seat, wipe it down with a disinfectant or antibacterial wipe before you sit. Keywords: Bacteria, Public toilets, E. coli, S. typhi, Urinary tract
{"title":"Identification of Bacteria from Public Toilets of Modern Market (Goico) in Musanze Town, Rwanda","authors":"Mukandayishimiye Julienne, Izere Cedrick, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Mukashema Hyacinthe, Nzabanterura Innocent, Uwihanganye Jean Chrysostome, Habanabakize Jean Baptiste, Korineza Dary Lorraine","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6659","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacteria are present on all surfaces, to which they were carried by many direct and indirect methods of transmission. A toilet is simply a receptacle into which both solid and liquid waste of human origin, in the form of urine and excreta are discharged. In public toilets, complete strangers mix and use the same sanitary facilities, with all the related risks of bodily fluid exchange, contamination and organism transmission. Unhygienic use of the toilet’s facilities may cause urine and fecal residues after use to serve as a major reservoir or source of human pathogen, which may in turn bring about disease outbreak. \u0000Aim: This study aimed at Identification of Bacteria from Public Toilets of Modern Market (Goico) In Musanze Town, Rwanda \u0000Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify bacteria from GOICO market toilets. About 40 samples; 20 from male and 20 from female toilets were collected and transported to INES-clinical microbiology laboratory for microbiological analysis. Laboratory techniques including culture, gram stain, biochemical tests and antibiogram were performed. \u0000Results: The most predominant bacteria isolated was S. aureus (31.43%), followed by S. typhi (20%), Streptococcus(15.71%), E. coli(12.86%), P. aeuriginosa(10%), P. mirabilis(7.14%), C. freundi(1.43%), S. epidermidis (1.43%). It was noted that female toilets were more contaminated (51.43%) than male toilets (48.57%). All gram positive and gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to Gentamicin. Almost all bacteria except P. mirabilis were sensitive to Norfloxacin, gram negative showed a resistance to Vancomycin and Novobiocin. \u0000Conclusion: These results should alert public toilets users that extreme caution must be executed while using these toilets, as they may be a source of pathogenic bacteria. The best way to keep a toilet and its seat free of bacteria is to clean it with bleach. Otherwise, keep the bacteria at bay by washing your hands, and if you just don't trust that toilet seat, wipe it down with a disinfectant or antibacterial wipe before you sit. \u0000Keywords: Bacteria, Public toilets, E. coli, S. typhi, Urinary tract","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6570
Tanya Jain, Arpit Shrivastava, P. Jain, Sunil Jain, Harshita Jain
The current study's objective was to assess the antihyperlipidemic, in vitro antioxidant, and qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flowers hydroalcoholic extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg in rats that were made hyperlipidemic by a high-fat diet. The Folins Ciocalteau reagent and the aluminium chloride method were used for the quantitative measurement of flavonoids and phenolics, respectively. Through phytochemical investigation, alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, and steroids were found in the hydroalcoholic extracts of N. arbor-tristis flowers. The hydroalcoholic extract flowers had a total phenolic content of 126.000 mg/gm, which was followed by flavonoids at 103.104 mg/gm. Hydroalcoholic extracts of flowers showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in vitro against DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging test technique. In this investigation, rats were given a high-fat diet as part of an experimental induction procedure. By lowering LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels and raising HDL levels, the HANAT therapy and the medication atorvastatin dramatically reduce body weight. grew When hydroalcoholic flower extracts were given orally to animals that had been forced to become hyperlipidaemic due to a high cholesterol diet, the levels of HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins were all much lower. The p value (p<0.001) indicated that the results were significant. The triton-induced study results indicate that animals treated with HANAT at dose levels of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg had considerably lower blood lipid parameters (p<0.01) than the control group; however, the 400 mg/kg of HANAT group animals showed significantly higher serum lipid parameters (p<0.001) than the control group. Additionally, a higher HDL level was noted at this time. Keywords: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Physicochemical analysis, Antioxidant activity, DPPH. Antihyperlipidemic activity
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti Hyperlipidemic Activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"Tanya Jain, Arpit Shrivastava, P. Jain, Sunil Jain, Harshita Jain","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6570","url":null,"abstract":"The current study's objective was to assess the antihyperlipidemic, in vitro antioxidant, and qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flowers hydroalcoholic extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg in rats that were made hyperlipidemic by a high-fat diet. The Folins Ciocalteau reagent and the aluminium chloride method were used for the quantitative measurement of flavonoids and phenolics, respectively. Through phytochemical investigation, alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, and steroids were found in the hydroalcoholic extracts of N. arbor-tristis flowers. The hydroalcoholic extract flowers had a total phenolic content of 126.000 mg/gm, which was followed by flavonoids at 103.104 mg/gm. Hydroalcoholic extracts of flowers showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in vitro against DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging test technique. In this investigation, rats were given a high-fat diet as part of an experimental induction procedure. By lowering LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels and raising HDL levels, the HANAT therapy and the medication atorvastatin dramatically reduce body weight. grew When hydroalcoholic flower extracts were given orally to animals that had been forced to become hyperlipidaemic due to a high cholesterol diet, the levels of HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins were all much lower. The p value (p<0.001) indicated that the results were significant. The triton-induced study results indicate that animals treated with HANAT at dose levels of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg had considerably lower blood lipid parameters (p<0.01) than the control group; however, the 400 mg/kg of HANAT group animals showed significantly higher serum lipid parameters (p<0.001) than the control group. Additionally, a higher HDL level was noted at this time. \u0000Keywords: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Physicochemical analysis, Antioxidant activity, DPPH. Antihyperlipidemic activity","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"11 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6637
Lalit Kumar, Meenakshi Malhotra, A. Singh, A. Singh
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent neurodegenerative condition affecting more than seven million individuals globally, manifests through the loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to diverse motor and non-motor symptoms. This comprehensive review aims to explore PD's multifaceted nature, covering its introduction, prevalence patterns, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and varied treatment strategies. Genetic and environmental influences on prevalence, brain region degeneration, Lewy body formation, and early-stage diagnostic difficulties are key focus areas. The review emphasizes the necessity of personalized approaches, innovative clinical criteria-, and subtype categorizations for effective management. Objective: This review aims to provide a holistic understanding of Parkinson's disease, contributing to improved insights for both individuals and healthcare professionals. By consolidating knowledge on PD's various facets, it seeks to facilitate informed decision-making for better management and enhanced quality of life. Methods: A thorough review of research literature, including studies, trials, and historical perspectives, was done. It covers prevalence, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options, including both traditional and herbal remedies, alongside conventional approaches. Results: The review reveals the complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and the neurodegenerative mechanisms underlying PD. It underscores the challenges of early-stage diagnosis and the wide array of treatment options available, emphasizing the need for personalized care. Conclusion: Understanding Parkinson's disease in its entirety is crucial for effective management. By presenting a comprehensive overview, this review advocates for a holistic approach, integrating diverse treatments and individualized strategies, thereby offering valuable guidance for improved quality of life in PD patients. Keywords: Parkinson's, neurodegeneration, DBS, Lewy bodies, motor & non-motor symptoms, diagnosis
{"title":"Comprehensive Review on Parkinson's Disease: Insights into Prevalence, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Multifaceted Treatment Approaches","authors":"Lalit Kumar, Meenakshi Malhotra, A. Singh, A. Singh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6637","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent neurodegenerative condition affecting more than seven million individuals globally, manifests through the loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to diverse motor and non-motor symptoms. This comprehensive review aims to explore PD's multifaceted nature, covering its introduction, prevalence patterns, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and varied treatment strategies. Genetic and environmental influences on prevalence, brain region degeneration, Lewy body formation, and early-stage diagnostic difficulties are key focus areas. The review emphasizes the necessity of personalized approaches, innovative clinical criteria-, and subtype categorizations for effective management. \u0000Objective: This review aims to provide a holistic understanding of Parkinson's disease, contributing to improved insights for both individuals and healthcare professionals. By consolidating knowledge on PD's various facets, it seeks to facilitate informed decision-making for better management and enhanced quality of life. \u0000Methods: A thorough review of research literature, including studies, trials, and historical perspectives, was done. It covers prevalence, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options, including both traditional and herbal remedies, alongside conventional approaches. \u0000Results: The review reveals the complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and the neurodegenerative mechanisms underlying PD. It underscores the challenges of early-stage diagnosis and the wide array of treatment options available, emphasizing the need for personalized care. \u0000Conclusion: Understanding Parkinson's disease in its entirety is crucial for effective management. By presenting a comprehensive overview, this review advocates for a holistic approach, integrating diverse treatments and individualized strategies, thereby offering valuable guidance for improved quality of life in PD patients. \u0000Keywords: Parkinson's, neurodegeneration, DBS, Lewy bodies, motor & non-motor symptoms, diagnosis","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"5 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6663
Rosmin Jacob, Blessy Biju, Rajesh Kumar Sharma
Diabetes mellitus presents a growing global health challenge, impacting millions and imposing significant burdens on individuals and healthcare systems alike. Diabetes distress encompasses the negative emotional impact of living with diabetes and holds significant clinical relevance, as it correlates with suboptimal self-care and glycemic control. This review explores the multifaceted relationship between diabetes and psychosocial factors, focusing on the concept of diabetes distress and its profound implications for patient well-being and disease management. As the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, understanding and addressing the emotional toll of the condition becomes increasingly critical. Moreover, it explores the intricate dynamics of diabetes distress, self-care behaviors, and metabolic outcomes, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions to alleviate distress and improve patient adherence and glycemic control. Greater diabetes distress correlates with detrimental medical and psychological outcomes, including suboptimal self-management behaviors such as reduced physical activity, unhealthy eating habits, medication non-adherence, and infrequent blood glucose monitoring. It's associated with elevated A1C levels, increased risk of severe hypoglycemia, and diminished quality of life. Identification of diabetes distress is crucial, with validated screening tools available to aid clinicians in this process. Various management strategies are outlined, ranging from psychological interventions to effective patient-provider communication and supportive group interventions. By integrating psychosocial care into diabetes management, healthcare professionals can better address the holistic needs of patients, ultimately enhancing their quality of life and overall well-being. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, psychological distress, Diabetic distress
{"title":"Psychologic Distress in Diabetic Patients","authors":"Rosmin Jacob, Blessy Biju, Rajesh Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6663","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus presents a growing global health challenge, impacting millions and imposing significant burdens on individuals and healthcare systems alike. Diabetes distress encompasses the negative emotional impact of living with diabetes and holds significant clinical relevance, as it correlates with suboptimal self-care and glycemic control. This review explores the multifaceted relationship between diabetes and psychosocial factors, focusing on the concept of diabetes distress and its profound implications for patient well-being and disease management. As the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, understanding and addressing the emotional toll of the condition becomes increasingly critical. Moreover, it explores the intricate dynamics of diabetes distress, self-care behaviors, and metabolic outcomes, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions to alleviate distress and improve patient adherence and glycemic control. Greater diabetes distress correlates with detrimental medical and psychological outcomes, including suboptimal self-management behaviors such as reduced physical activity, unhealthy eating habits, medication non-adherence, and infrequent blood glucose monitoring. It's associated with elevated A1C levels, increased risk of severe hypoglycemia, and diminished quality of life. Identification of diabetes distress is crucial, with validated screening tools available to aid clinicians in this process. Various management strategies are outlined, ranging from psychological interventions to effective patient-provider communication and supportive group interventions. By integrating psychosocial care into diabetes management, healthcare professionals can better address the holistic needs of patients, ultimately enhancing their quality of life and overall well-being. \u0000Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, psychological distress, Diabetic distress","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6619
Vikas Chandel, Hemendra Pratap Singh, Nilesh Rarokar, K. Wadher
The stabilization of pharmaceuticals means that the drug product is physically, chemically and microbiologically stable at the recommended storage condition throughout the predefined shelf life of the product. Pharmaceutical formulations irrespective of its physical states have been used for their efficacy and safety so for as its therapeutic activity is concern. Stability of dosage forms is the ability of drugs to remains unaffected by environmental condition viz. temperature, humidity and microbiological contamination. This research work is an attempt to stabilize the drug product at controlled room temperature for the drug product which is stable at refrigerated storage condition. Hence the aim of present study was development and stabilization of the drug product at room temperature. Investigation of alternate manufacturing processes for stabilization of the drug product at controlled room temperature was one of the objectives of the work. Keywords: Stability, shelf life, lyophilization, freeze drying
{"title":"Stabilization of the pharmaceutical finished dosages form by using various techniques","authors":"Vikas Chandel, Hemendra Pratap Singh, Nilesh Rarokar, K. Wadher","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6619","url":null,"abstract":"The stabilization of pharmaceuticals means that the drug product is physically, chemically and microbiologically stable at the recommended storage condition throughout the predefined shelf life of the product. Pharmaceutical formulations irrespective of its physical states have been used for their efficacy and safety so for as its therapeutic activity is concern. Stability of dosage forms is the ability of drugs to remains unaffected by environmental condition viz. temperature, humidity and microbiological contamination. This research work is an attempt to stabilize the drug product at controlled room temperature for the drug product which is stable at refrigerated storage condition. Hence the aim of present study was development and stabilization of the drug product at room temperature. Investigation of alternate manufacturing processes for stabilization of the drug product at controlled room temperature was one of the objectives of the work. \u0000Keywords: Stability, shelf life, lyophilization, freeze drying","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"81 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6583
Tapan Kumar Jena, R. Jat
The research aims to develop and evaluate an immediate-release dosage form of sapropterin dihydrochloride to improve efficacy, stability, and patient acceptance in treating hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), ensuring rapid therapeutic action upon administration. Formulation development began with a pre-formulation study to evaluate drug-excipient compatibility, solubility, and compressibility, followed by feasibility trials to create a prototype formulation. Dissolution tests and optimization methods, including DoE and OFAT, were employed to refine the formulation based on critical quality attributes. Process optimization involved identifying and fine-tuning critical parameters through sequential unit operations and risk assessments, ensuring uniformity and quality during scale-up for commercial production. The prototype formulation development for a tablet product based on the reference product Kuvan involved strategic excipient selection to meet critical quality attributes (CQA) and mitigate concerns like mottling. The formulation deviates from the reference by using LH 21 as a binder, colloidal silicon dioxide as a glidant, and omitting anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, with Mannitol SD (Pearlitol 200) chosen for its flowability and compressibility. The feasibility trial aimed at achieving pharmaceutical equivalence to Kuvan tablets, focusing on bioequivalence, stability, and API distribution, and involved top spray fluid bed granulation with roller compaction and blending identified as high-risk steps. Optimization of tablet formulation considered drug substance particle size, blend ratios, and excipient selection, with adjustments in intra and extra-granular ratios significantly impacting tablet characteristics. Keywords: Immediate Release, Sapropterin Dihydrochloride, Dry Granulation Process
该研究旨在开发和评估盐酸沙普特林的速释剂型，以提高治疗高苯丙氨酸血症（HPA）的疗效、稳定性和患者接受度，确保给药后迅速发挥治疗作用。制剂开发始于制剂前研究，以评估药物与辅料的相容性、溶解性和可压缩性，然后进行可行性试验，以创建原型制剂。溶解试验和优化方法（包括 DoE 和 OFAT）被用来根据关键质量属性完善制剂。工艺优化包括通过连续的单元操作和风险评估来确定和微调关键参数，以确保在商业生产规模扩大过程中的一致性和质量。片剂产品的原型配方开发以参比产品 Kuvan 为基础，涉及辅料的战略性选择，以满足关键质量属性 (CQA) 并减少斑纹等问题。该配方与参比产品不同，使用 LH 21 作为粘合剂，胶体二氧化硅作为滑润剂，省略了无水二盐磷酸钙，甘露醇 SD（Pearlitol 200）因其流动性和可压缩性而被选用。可行性试验旨在实现与库万片剂的药效等同，重点关注生物等效性、稳定性和原料药分布，涉及顶部喷雾流化床制粒，辊压和混合被确定为高风险步骤。片剂配方的优化考虑了药物的粒度、混合比例和辅料的选择，其中粒内和粒外比例的调整对片剂特性有显著影响。关键词速释、盐酸沙普特林、干法制粒工艺
{"title":"Formulation and Optimization of Immediate Release Tablet of Sapropterin Dihydrochloride by Dry Granulation Process","authors":"Tapan Kumar Jena, R. Jat","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6583","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to develop and evaluate an immediate-release dosage form of sapropterin dihydrochloride to improve efficacy, stability, and patient acceptance in treating hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), ensuring rapid therapeutic action upon administration. Formulation development began with a pre-formulation study to evaluate drug-excipient compatibility, solubility, and compressibility, followed by feasibility trials to create a prototype formulation. Dissolution tests and optimization methods, including DoE and OFAT, were employed to refine the formulation based on critical quality attributes. Process optimization involved identifying and fine-tuning critical parameters through sequential unit operations and risk assessments, ensuring uniformity and quality during scale-up for commercial production. The prototype formulation development for a tablet product based on the reference product Kuvan involved strategic excipient selection to meet critical quality attributes (CQA) and mitigate concerns like mottling. The formulation deviates from the reference by using LH 21 as a binder, colloidal silicon dioxide as a glidant, and omitting anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, with Mannitol SD (Pearlitol 200) chosen for its flowability and compressibility. The feasibility trial aimed at achieving pharmaceutical equivalence to Kuvan tablets, focusing on bioequivalence, stability, and API distribution, and involved top spray fluid bed granulation with roller compaction and blending identified as high-risk steps. Optimization of tablet formulation considered drug substance particle size, blend ratios, and excipient selection, with adjustments in intra and extra-granular ratios significantly impacting tablet characteristics. \u0000Keywords: Immediate Release, Sapropterin Dihydrochloride, Dry Granulation Process","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"11 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6652
Uwihanganye Jean Chrysostome, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Nzabanterura Innocent, Uwizeyimana Jean Pierre, Bizimana Ezechiel, Uwumuremyi Fabrice, Mukandayishimiye Julienne, Ndayambaje Jean de Dieu, Marinde Pacifique
Background: Genital tract is the portal of entry for numerous sexually and non-sexually transmitted diseases. A number of bacterial and non-bacterial infections exist that affect the female reproductive tract and cause vaginal discharge. Candida species are among important opportunistic pathogens causing candidiasis in human worldwide. These yeast species are of public health concern nowadays. Aim: This study aimed at comparing the prevalence of candidiasis among single and married women attending Rwanda Military Hospital. The study population comprises of single and married women. Methodology: This was a retrospective study where data was collected from Rwanda Military Hospital. Results: The results of this study showed that the incidence of candidiasis was higher in married women when compared with single women. The prevalence of candidiasis in married women was 128(74.4%), while in single women is 44(25.6%). It was observed in this study that the distribution of candidiasis among married and single is statistically significant (p<0.05). Results also show that out of 172 single and married women, more cases of candidiasis were observed within the age range of 21-30 years, 66 (44.2%) were infected with candida albicans, 31-40 years had a prevalence of 55(32%) and 11-20 years had a prevalence of 13(7.6%). The overall of cases of candida other than C. albicans observed was 15.1%. Conclusion: This study showed that married and single women are predisposed to candidiasis. It is therefore important to give opportunistic pathogens like Candida species attention in women especially among married ones as they are mostly affected by this candidiasis. Keywords: Candidiasis, C. albicans, Vaginal discharge, Urinary tract infection, bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis.
{"title":"Comparative study of Candidiasis among Single and Married women at Rwanda Military Hospital","authors":"Uwihanganye Jean Chrysostome, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Nzabanterura Innocent, Uwizeyimana Jean Pierre, Bizimana Ezechiel, Uwumuremyi Fabrice, Mukandayishimiye Julienne, Ndayambaje Jean de Dieu, Marinde Pacifique","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6652","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Genital tract is the portal of entry for numerous sexually and non-sexually transmitted diseases. A number of bacterial and non-bacterial infections exist that affect the female reproductive tract and cause vaginal discharge. Candida species are among important opportunistic pathogens causing candidiasis in human worldwide. These yeast species are of public health concern nowadays. \u0000Aim: This study aimed at comparing the prevalence of candidiasis among single and married women attending Rwanda Military Hospital. The study population comprises of single and married women. \u0000Methodology: This was a retrospective study where data was collected from Rwanda Military Hospital. \u0000Results: The results of this study showed that the incidence of candidiasis was higher in married women when compared with single women. The prevalence of candidiasis in married women was 128(74.4%), while in single women is 44(25.6%). It was observed in this study that the distribution of candidiasis among married and single is statistically significant (p<0.05). Results also show that out of 172 single and married women, more cases of candidiasis were observed within the age range of 21-30 years, 66 (44.2%) were infected with candida albicans, 31-40 years had a prevalence of 55(32%) and 11-20 years had a prevalence of 13(7.6%). The overall of cases of candida other than C. albicans observed was 15.1%. \u0000Conclusion: This study showed that married and single women are predisposed to candidiasis. It is therefore important to give opportunistic pathogens like Candida species attention in women especially among married ones as they are mostly affected by this candidiasis. \u0000Keywords: Candidiasis, C. albicans, Vaginal discharge, Urinary tract infection, bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6553
Ashraf ALakkad, Yazan Ayaad, Zill Huma Hussain, Egbal Mohmed Suleimen, Anas Alhomran, Hesham Abdalla
Antimicrobial resistance and excessive antibiotic usage are a growing public health concern. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) aim to optimize antibiotic use and curb resistance. This retro-respective study evaluated the impact of an ASP at Madinat Zayed Hospital, Abu Dhabi (January 2021-December 2022). It analyzed electronic health records to assess the ASP's impact on antibiotic consumption, resistance patterns, and economic outcomes. Patients from intensive care units, medical wards, and outpatient settings were included, though patients admitted to obstetrics/gynaecology, paediatrics, neonatal intensive care, and surgical wards were excluded. The primary objective of this study was to report on the ASP experience and measure the prescribing appropriateness percentage of empirical antibiotic therapy along with the de-escalation of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, after ASP implementation at Madinat Zayed Hospital in Al Dhafra Region, United Arab Emirates. The secondary objectives were to reflect on the rate of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), total utilization using defined daily dose, and the total direct cost of antibiotics. Descriptive analysis, proportions, mean values, and percentage changes were employed for data analysis. The ASP achieved high compliance rates with restricted antibiotics (>90%) and approved guidelines (inpatient 97-100%, outpatient 93-98%). Antibiotic de-escalation rates were also high (>80%). Significant reductions in use were observed for cefixime (91.3%), levofloxacin (46.3%), and several others. Notably, cefepime use increased (1137.5%). Direct antibiotic expenditure decreased by 2% (saving Dhs2.6 million), and resistance decreased in some bacteria. However, a concerning rise in ceftazidime resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified. This study concluded that the implementation of a new Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at Madinat Zayed Hospital demonstrated effectiveness in promoting responsible antibiotic use. The program achieved high compliance with restricted antibiotic use and approved guidelines, leading to significant reductions in overall antibiotic consumption. Keywords: Antimicrobial, resistance, Multidrug-Resistant Organisms, de-escalation, consumption
{"title":"The Impact of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Antibiotic Use, Resistance Patterns, and Cost in Madinat Zayed Hospital","authors":"Ashraf ALakkad, Yazan Ayaad, Zill Huma Hussain, Egbal Mohmed Suleimen, Anas Alhomran, Hesham Abdalla","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6553","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance and excessive antibiotic usage are a growing public health concern. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) aim to optimize antibiotic use and curb resistance. This retro-respective study evaluated the impact of an ASP at Madinat Zayed Hospital, Abu Dhabi (January 2021-December 2022). It analyzed electronic health records to assess the ASP's impact on antibiotic consumption, resistance patterns, and economic outcomes. Patients from intensive care units, medical wards, and outpatient settings were included, though patients admitted to obstetrics/gynaecology, paediatrics, neonatal intensive care, and surgical wards were excluded. The primary objective of this study was to report on the ASP experience and measure the prescribing appropriateness percentage of empirical antibiotic therapy along with the de-escalation of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, after ASP implementation at Madinat Zayed Hospital in Al Dhafra Region, United Arab Emirates. The secondary objectives were to reflect on the rate of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), total utilization using defined daily dose, and the total direct cost of antibiotics. Descriptive analysis, proportions, mean values, and percentage changes were employed for data analysis. The ASP achieved high compliance rates with restricted antibiotics (>90%) and approved guidelines (inpatient 97-100%, outpatient 93-98%). Antibiotic de-escalation rates were also high (>80%). Significant reductions in use were observed for cefixime (91.3%), levofloxacin (46.3%), and several others. Notably, cefepime use increased (1137.5%). Direct antibiotic expenditure decreased by 2% (saving Dhs2.6 million), and resistance decreased in some bacteria. However, a concerning rise in ceftazidime resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified. This study concluded that the implementation of a new Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at Madinat Zayed Hospital demonstrated effectiveness in promoting responsible antibiotic use. The program achieved high compliance with restricted antibiotic use and approved guidelines, leading to significant reductions in overall antibiotic consumption. \u0000Keywords: Antimicrobial, resistance, Multidrug-Resistant Organisms, de-escalation, consumption","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6599
Tapan Kumar Jena, R. Jat
Characterization of Kuvan tablets involved thorough analysis of physical, chemical, and dissolution properties. Formulation development encompassed pre-formulation studies, feasibility trials, and process optimization. Kuvan tablets demonstrated variability in sapropterin dihydrochloride concentration but rapid dissolution across different media. Consistent mechanical strength, low impurity levels, and appropriate pH values were observed, ensuring efficacy, safety, and reliability. Keywords: Sapropterin dihydrochloride, Hyperphenylalaninemia, Kuvan tablets
Kuvan 药片的表征包括对物理、化学和溶解特性的全面分析。制剂开发包括制剂前研究、可行性试验和工艺优化。Kuvan 片剂显示出盐酸沙普特林浓度的可变性，但在不同介质中溶解迅速。此外，还观察到了一致的机械强度、低杂质含量和适当的 pH 值，从而确保了药效、安全性和可靠性。关键词盐酸沙泊三嗪 高苯丙氨酸血症 库万片
{"title":"Characterization of Sapropterin Dihydrochloride Tablet","authors":"Tapan Kumar Jena, R. Jat","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6599","url":null,"abstract":"Characterization of Kuvan tablets involved thorough analysis of physical, chemical, and dissolution properties. Formulation development encompassed pre-formulation studies, feasibility trials, and process optimization. Kuvan tablets demonstrated variability in sapropterin dihydrochloride concentration but rapid dissolution across different media. Consistent mechanical strength, low impurity levels, and appropriate pH values were observed, ensuring efficacy, safety, and reliability. \u0000Keywords: Sapropterin dihydrochloride, Hyperphenylalaninemia, Kuvan tablets","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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