Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6558
Lalit Kumar, Meenakshi Malhotra, Ankit Sharma, A. Singh, A. Singh
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide, with an increasing burden projected in the coming years. It involves complex neurological decline primarily affecting the Substantia nigra and Locus coeruleus, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Objective: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Parkinson's disease, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and available therapies, encompassing both traditional pharmaceutical treatments and emerging technological advancements. Methods: A thorough review of literature was conducted, synthesizing information from various studies and clinical trials to elucidate the current understanding of Parkinson's disease and its management strategies. Results: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the gradual loss of dopamine-producing cells and the presence of Lewy bodies in the brain. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, and treatment typically involves pharmaceutical interventions such as levodopa, COMT inhibitors, dopamine agonists, and deep brain stimulation. Additionally, advancements in technology offer promising avenues for objective symptom assessment and personalized treatment approaches. Conclusion: The management of Parkinson's disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating traditional pharmacological treatments with emerging technologies and complementary therapies like dance therapy, tai chi, and speech therapy. By combining these diverse modalities, healthcare professionals can provide more effective and personalized care, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for individuals living with Parkinson's disease. Keywords: Parkinson's disease, medical therapy, device-aided therapy, alternative interventions, personalized treatment, neurodegenerative disorder
{"title":"A Holistic Approach to Parkinson's Disease: Integrating Advances in Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Therapy","authors":"Lalit Kumar, Meenakshi Malhotra, Ankit Sharma, A. Singh, A. Singh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6558","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide, with an increasing burden projected in the coming years. It involves complex neurological decline primarily affecting the Substantia nigra and Locus coeruleus, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. \u0000Objective: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Parkinson's disease, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and available therapies, encompassing both traditional pharmaceutical treatments and emerging technological advancements. \u0000Methods: A thorough review of literature was conducted, synthesizing information from various studies and clinical trials to elucidate the current understanding of Parkinson's disease and its management strategies. \u0000Results: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the gradual loss of dopamine-producing cells and the presence of Lewy bodies in the brain. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, and treatment typically involves pharmaceutical interventions such as levodopa, COMT inhibitors, dopamine agonists, and deep brain stimulation. Additionally, advancements in technology offer promising avenues for objective symptom assessment and personalized treatment approaches. \u0000Conclusion: The management of Parkinson's disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating traditional pharmacological treatments with emerging technologies and complementary therapies like dance therapy, tai chi, and speech therapy. By combining these diverse modalities, healthcare professionals can provide more effective and personalized care, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for individuals living with Parkinson's disease. \u0000Keywords: Parkinson's disease, medical therapy, device-aided therapy, alternative interventions, personalized treatment, neurodegenerative disorder","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6539
A. Ihim, C. Onyenekwe, Nkiruka Nwamaka Eze, P. C. Obi, N. Osakue, J. C. Awalu, Tochukwu Anthony Ikwelle
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), marked by oxidative stress and hormonal imbalances, causes infertility, insulin resistance, and diverse health problems. It not only affects physical health but also can strain marriages and lead to divorce, posing a notable societal issue. The levels of hormones (Estradiol (E2), Dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (PROG) Testosterone (TEST)), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in PCOS Women attending the gynecology Clinic at Nnewi were investigated. This cross-sectional study had 45 participants with PCOS as a test group and 45 participants without PCOS as the control group between the ages of 18-50 recruited. All the biochemical parameters were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. Data was expressed as Mean ± standard deviation. The differences in parameters studied between the PCOS group (test) and the control group were evaluated using an independent t-test. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Result showed significant higher differences in the mean serum levels of DHEA (87.40±65.90), LH (34.7±36.1), FSH (19.61±14.73) and Testosterone (3.04±1.36) in women with PCOS compared with the control (1.035±0.54),( 20.76±18.1), (13.2±10.19), and (3.04±1.36)(p< 0.05) respectively. A higher significant difference exists in the mean serum MDA values of the test group (women with PCOS compared with the control group(p<0.05). This study concluded that oxidative stress and hormone imbalance occurred among participants with PCOS attending the gynecology clinic of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital in Nnewi. Keywords: PCOS, Estradiol, DHEA, luteinizing hormone, FSH, progesterone, Testosterone, TAC
{"title":"Evaluation of Some Hormones Total Antioxidant Capacity and Malondialdehyde Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women attending the gynecology Clinic at Nnewi","authors":"A. Ihim, C. Onyenekwe, Nkiruka Nwamaka Eze, P. C. Obi, N. Osakue, J. C. Awalu, Tochukwu Anthony Ikwelle","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6539","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), marked by oxidative stress and hormonal imbalances, causes infertility, insulin resistance, and diverse health problems. It not only affects physical health but also can strain marriages and lead to divorce, posing a notable societal issue. The levels of hormones (Estradiol (E2), Dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (PROG) Testosterone (TEST)), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in PCOS Women attending the gynecology Clinic at Nnewi were investigated. This cross-sectional study had 45 participants with PCOS as a test group and 45 participants without PCOS as the control group between the ages of 18-50 recruited. All the biochemical parameters were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. Data was expressed as Mean ± standard deviation. The differences in parameters studied between the PCOS group (test) and the control group were evaluated using an independent t-test. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Result showed significant higher differences in the mean serum levels of DHEA (87.40±65.90), LH (34.7±36.1), FSH (19.61±14.73) and Testosterone (3.04±1.36) in women with PCOS compared with the control (1.035±0.54),( 20.76±18.1), (13.2±10.19), and (3.04±1.36)(p< 0.05) respectively. A higher significant difference exists in the mean serum MDA values of the test group (women with PCOS compared with the control group(p<0.05). This study concluded that oxidative stress and hormone imbalance occurred among participants with PCOS attending the gynecology clinic of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital in Nnewi. \u0000Keywords: PCOS, Estradiol, DHEA, luteinizing hormone, FSH, progesterone, Testosterone, TAC","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6613
Uwimana Jeannine, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Mutesa Leon, Ntezirizaza Evariste, Tuyishime Jean De Dieu
Background: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis, schistosomiasis and malaria remain a threat in developing countries, especially to people living in rural areas near large water bodies, valleys or swamps whose daily life activities revolve around those areas. In addition, these parasites affect different groups of people especially those in contact with their breeding sites including children mostly due to their developing immunity compared to that of old people. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural communities near the Rwasave and Cyarwa valleys, with 124 school-aged children participating. Stool samples were tested for the presence of STH eggs and intestinal Schistosoma parasites using the Kato Katz technique, and thick blood smears were made to aid in the identification of plasmodium species in blood. The threshold intensity of infection on STHs and Schistosoma sp. was estimated by counting their eggs microscopically, which aided in classifying infections as light, moderate, or heavy according to WHO standards. Furthermore, Plasmodium species were identified by the presence of schizonts, trophozoites, or gametocytes on Giemsa-stained thick blood smears, and parasitic density was calculated as a result. Results: In this study, the highest prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis was 12.7% in Cyarwa valley compared to 12.5% in Rwasave valley. The highest prevalence of Schistosomiasis was 3.2% in Cyarwa valley compared to 1.3% in Rwasave valley. Prevalence of malaria in Cyarwa valley was 3.3% in 63 children. Where children infected were only males falling in 5-8 age group. Conclusion: Results showed high prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis which was 12.7% in Cyarwa compared to 12.5% in Rwasave valley especially in children aged 5-8, this due to poor sanitation (P<0.001) that have assessed. Surprisingly, Cyarwa valley is located nearby town. Whereas malaria, intestinal schistosomiasis was low and there were not significantly associated with their risk factors with p-values 0.4, 0.092 respectively which can show that, preventive measures that have been established by government of Rwanda have positive impacts. Furthermore, there was a low prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis and malaria co-infection. Keywords: soil transmitted helminthiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis, malaria.
{"title":"Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Intestinal Schistosomiasis and Malaria Co-Infections among Children in Rural Communities Around Rwasave and Cyarwa Valleys","authors":"Uwimana Jeannine, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Mutesa Leon, Ntezirizaza Evariste, Tuyishime Jean De Dieu","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis, schistosomiasis and malaria remain a threat in developing countries, especially to people living in rural areas near large water bodies, valleys or swamps whose daily life activities revolve around those areas. In addition, these parasites affect different groups of people especially those in contact with their breeding sites including children mostly due to their developing immunity compared to that of old people. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural communities near the Rwasave and Cyarwa valleys, with 124 school-aged children participating. Stool samples were tested for the presence of STH eggs and intestinal Schistosoma parasites using the Kato Katz technique, and thick blood smears were made to aid in the identification of plasmodium species in blood. The threshold intensity of infection on STHs and Schistosoma sp. was estimated by counting their eggs microscopically, which aided in classifying infections as light, moderate, or heavy according to WHO standards. Furthermore, Plasmodium species were identified by the presence of schizonts, trophozoites, or gametocytes on Giemsa-stained thick blood smears, and parasitic density was calculated as a result. \u0000Results: In this study, the highest prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis was 12.7% in Cyarwa valley compared to 12.5% in Rwasave valley. The highest prevalence of Schistosomiasis was 3.2% in Cyarwa valley compared to 1.3% in Rwasave valley. Prevalence of malaria in Cyarwa valley was 3.3% in 63 children. Where children infected were only males falling in 5-8 age group. \u0000Conclusion: Results showed high prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis which was 12.7% in Cyarwa compared to 12.5% in Rwasave valley especially in children aged 5-8, this due to poor sanitation (P<0.001) that have assessed. Surprisingly, Cyarwa valley is located nearby town. Whereas malaria, intestinal schistosomiasis was low and there were not significantly associated with their risk factors with p-values 0.4, 0.092 respectively which can show that, preventive measures that have been established by government of Rwanda have positive impacts. Furthermore, there was a low prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis and malaria co-infection. \u0000Keywords: soil transmitted helminthiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis, malaria.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6594
Nilüfer Dönmezdil, Selçuk Tunik, F. Aşır, Senem Çetin Duran, Dilara Akinci, Enis Duran, E. Yildizhan, Nurullah Peker, M. Obut
Subject: This research aims to evaluate the histological changes in liver tissue induced by alcohol consumption and to assess the effectiveness of zonisamide in treating alcohol-related hepatotoxicity. Materials and Methods: The study utilized 40 adult Wistar albino rats, divided into four groups: a control (sham), an ethanol group, a zonisamide group, and a combination of ethanol and zonisamide (ethanol+zonisamide). Each group underwent a four-day binge drinking protocol to mimic excessive alcohol intake observed in humans. Zonisamide was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg daily. Post-treatment, the liver tissues were collected, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined for histopathological changes. Results: The control and zonisamide-only groups showed no abnormal liver or vascular alterations, indicating zonisamide's safety. In contrast, the ethanol group displayed significant liver damage, including vascular dilatation, congestion, and extensive cellular degeneration. Conversely, the ethanol+zonisamide group exhibited substantial histological improvements with noticeable reductions in vascular impairments and signs of hepatocyte regeneration, suggesting that zonisamide mitigates the detrimental effects of alcohol on the liver. Conclusion: The study concludes that zonisamide has a protective effect against alcohol-induced liver damage. It appears to preserve the structural integrity of hepatocytes and supports cellular survival, potentially through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These promising results advocate for further exploration of zonisamide as a therapeutic option for managing liver injuries associated with alcohol abuse. This study contributes significant insights into the therapeutic potential of zonisamide, encouraging more comprehensive investigations into its clinical applications in hepatology. Keywords: Alcohol, Zonisamide, Hepatotoxicity
{"title":"Investigation of the Efficacy of Zonisamide in Alcohol Induced Hepatotoxicity","authors":"Nilüfer Dönmezdil, Selçuk Tunik, F. Aşır, Senem Çetin Duran, Dilara Akinci, Enis Duran, E. Yildizhan, Nurullah Peker, M. Obut","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6594","url":null,"abstract":"Subject: This research aims to evaluate the histological changes in liver tissue induced by alcohol consumption and to assess the effectiveness of zonisamide in treating alcohol-related hepatotoxicity. \u0000Materials and Methods: The study utilized 40 adult Wistar albino rats, divided into four groups: a control (sham), an ethanol group, a zonisamide group, and a combination of ethanol and zonisamide (ethanol+zonisamide). Each group underwent a four-day binge drinking protocol to mimic excessive alcohol intake observed in humans. Zonisamide was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg daily. Post-treatment, the liver tissues were collected, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined for histopathological changes. \u0000Results: The control and zonisamide-only groups showed no abnormal liver or vascular alterations, indicating zonisamide's safety. In contrast, the ethanol group displayed significant liver damage, including vascular dilatation, congestion, and extensive cellular degeneration. Conversely, the ethanol+zonisamide group exhibited substantial histological improvements with noticeable reductions in vascular impairments and signs of hepatocyte regeneration, suggesting that zonisamide mitigates the detrimental effects of alcohol on the liver. \u0000Conclusion: The study concludes that zonisamide has a protective effect against alcohol-induced liver damage. It appears to preserve the structural integrity of hepatocytes and supports cellular survival, potentially through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These promising results advocate for further exploration of zonisamide as a therapeutic option for managing liver injuries associated with alcohol abuse. This study contributes significant insights into the therapeutic potential of zonisamide, encouraging more comprehensive investigations into its clinical applications in hepatology. \u0000Keywords: Alcohol, Zonisamide, Hepatotoxicity","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6572
Manisha Rout, N. Tomar, M. Kaushik, Soundarya Singh
One of the most frequent problems that patients bring to a dental clinic is pain in the orofacial region or within the tooth. To identify and solve the issue, a proficient practitioner needs to be equipped with the necessary information and resources. Comprehending the history of pain control in dentistry can provide valuable understanding into the development of the present techniques. Newer and more effective pain management treatments have been created as dentistry continues to advance. Several modalities have been developed to reduce and eliminate this, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities. The goal of the present review of the literature's findings is to provide dentists with reliable information regarding the application of contemporary local anesthetics, alternative methods, and strategies to reduce pain during anesthesia administration, thereby improving patient comfort. Keywords: Local Anesthesia, Anesthetic Agents, NSAIDS, Lignocaine, Management, Pain Control
{"title":"Advances in Local Anesthesia and Pain Management for Practicing Dentists: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Manisha Rout, N. Tomar, M. Kaushik, Soundarya Singh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6572","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most frequent problems that patients bring to a dental clinic is pain in the orofacial region or within the tooth. To identify and solve the issue, a proficient practitioner needs to be equipped with the necessary information and resources. Comprehending the history of pain control in dentistry can provide valuable understanding into the development of the present techniques. Newer and more effective pain management treatments have been created as dentistry continues to advance. Several modalities have been developed to reduce and eliminate this, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities. The goal of the present review of the literature's findings is to provide dentists with reliable information regarding the application of contemporary local anesthetics, alternative methods, and strategies to reduce pain during anesthesia administration, thereby improving patient comfort. \u0000Keywords: Local Anesthesia, Anesthetic Agents, NSAIDS, Lignocaine, Management, Pain Control","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6595
Iram Bushra, K. Firdose, Wajeeha Begum
Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency is a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Women of child bearing age are at high risk. In India incidence is 74% and prevalence is 30%. The goals of treatment are to restore changes in hemoglobin levels, red cell indices and peripheral smear. Aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of majune khabsul hadeed in iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age group. Methods: A randomised standard controlled study, 60 patients were randomly allocated to test and control groups. Majune khabsul hadeed 5grams in test group and capsule fefol 1 in control group were given once daily for 3months. Subjective parameters viz. pallor, loss of appetite, reduced exercise capacity and fatigue were assessed at every follow up. Red cell indices, as objective parameters were assessed before and after treatment. Results: Significant changes were observed in subjective parameters with p<0.001 at each assessment in both groups. On intergroup comparison there were no significant difference with p>0.05 except for reduced exercise capacity and fatigue. Objective parameters significantly improved in both groups after treatment with p<0.001. Five (16.7%) and 4(13.3%) patients were among responders, 10(33.3%) and 14(46.7%) partial responders and 13(43.3%) and 12(36.7%) non responders to treatment in test and control groups respectively. On intergroup comparison, there was no significant difference with p >0.05 suggesting that both groups had similar effect. Conclusion: Majune khabsul hadeed is as effective as capsule fefol in the management of iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age group. Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia; majune khabsul hadeed; women of reproductive age; RBC indices.
{"title":"Efficacy of majun e khabsul hadeed in iron deficiency anemia in reproductive age group: A randomised control study","authors":"Iram Bushra, K. Firdose, Wajeeha Begum","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6595","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency is a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Women of child bearing age are at high risk. In India incidence is 74% and prevalence is 30%. The goals of treatment are to restore changes in hemoglobin levels, red cell indices and peripheral smear. Aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of majune khabsul hadeed in iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age group. \u0000Methods: A randomised standard controlled study, 60 patients were randomly allocated to test and control groups. Majune khabsul hadeed 5grams in test group and capsule fefol 1 in control group were given once daily for 3months. Subjective parameters viz. pallor, loss of appetite, reduced exercise capacity and fatigue were assessed at every follow up. Red cell indices, as objective parameters were assessed before and after treatment. \u0000Results: Significant changes were observed in subjective parameters with p<0.001 at each assessment in both groups. On intergroup comparison there were no significant difference with p>0.05 except for reduced exercise capacity and fatigue. Objective parameters significantly improved in both groups after treatment with p<0.001. Five (16.7%) and 4(13.3%) patients were among responders, 10(33.3%) and 14(46.7%) partial responders and 13(43.3%) and 12(36.7%) non responders to treatment in test and control groups respectively. On intergroup comparison, there was no significant difference with p >0.05 suggesting that both groups had similar effect. \u0000Conclusion: Majune khabsul hadeed is as effective as capsule fefol in the management of iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age group. \u0000Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia; majune khabsul hadeed; women of reproductive age; RBC indices.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" April","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6577
Rohan Rohan, Ritu Rani, A. Singh, A. Singh
When compared to modern drugs, herbal medicines are usually accepted by doctors and patients for having greater therapeutic efficacy and fewer adverse effects.A diverse class of drugs known as skeletal muscle relaxants is frequently used to treat two distinct underlying disorders: spasticity resulting from upper motor neuron syndromes and muscular pain or spasms resulting from peripheral musculoskeletal problems. Skeletal muscle (SM) controls insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and blood glucose homeostasis, all of which are essential for energy and glucose metabolism. A progressive and widespread loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that results in physical handicap, a low quality of life, and perhaps death is known as sarcopenia. Herbs are a valuable tool for illness prevention. These all have dysregulated skeletal muscle and sarcopenia. These medicinal herbs are being used over recent years. In this Review article we will keep an eye on an updated review on herbs as skeletal muscle relaxant. We will discuss about musculoskeletal disorders, phytochemicals role in disorders. Herbs like aloe barbedensis, curcuma longa, zingiber officinale,citrus aurantium,chamaemelum nobile,hibiscus rosa sinensis etc. will be studied for their role in skeletal muscle relaxation. Keywords: Skeletal muscle relaxant, sarcopenia, herbal medicines, herbs, skeletal muscles, myopathy
{"title":"Herbs as Skeletal Muscle Relaxant: An Updated Review","authors":"Rohan Rohan, Ritu Rani, A. Singh, A. Singh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6577","url":null,"abstract":"When compared to modern drugs, herbal medicines are usually accepted by doctors and patients for having greater therapeutic efficacy and fewer adverse effects.A diverse class of drugs known as skeletal muscle relaxants is frequently used to treat two distinct underlying disorders: spasticity resulting from upper motor neuron syndromes and muscular pain or spasms resulting from peripheral musculoskeletal problems. Skeletal muscle (SM) controls insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and blood glucose homeostasis, all of which are essential for energy and glucose metabolism. A progressive and widespread loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that results in physical handicap, a low quality of life, and perhaps death is known as sarcopenia. Herbs are a valuable tool for illness prevention. These all have dysregulated skeletal muscle and sarcopenia. These medicinal herbs are being used over recent years. In this Review article we will keep an eye on an updated review on herbs as skeletal muscle relaxant. We will discuss about musculoskeletal disorders, phytochemicals role in disorders. Herbs like aloe barbedensis, curcuma longa, zingiber officinale,citrus aurantium,chamaemelum nobile,hibiscus rosa sinensis etc. will be studied for their role in skeletal muscle relaxation. \u0000Keywords: Skeletal muscle relaxant, sarcopenia, herbal medicines, herbs, skeletal muscles, myopathy","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" June","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6596
Shubham Sharma, Ritu Rani, A. Singh, A. Singh
The most extensively grown species of the monogeneric, Moringaceae family, which is native to south Asia, is Moringa oleifera, sometimes known as "The Miracle Tree." The medium-sized agroforestry tree Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is native to south Asia but has now naturalized in many other nations. Moringa is also thought to be a treatment for malnutrition. It has several pharmacological characteristics, including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. It was discovered that every portion of the plant contains bioactive components. To far, over a hundred chemicals, comprising alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes, have been identified from various sections of Moringa oleifera. These leaves have been used for many years in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of illnesses. These leaves have the potential to avert the plague of starvation and associated illnesses due to their potent nutritional content. In this article, we will keep an eye on Moringa Oleifera Plant overview. Keywords: Moringa Oleifera plant, Miracle Tree, Herb, Drumstick, Herbal Medicine
{"title":"Review on Moringa oleifera Plant","authors":"Shubham Sharma, Ritu Rani, A. Singh, A. Singh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6596","url":null,"abstract":"The most extensively grown species of the monogeneric, Moringaceae family, which is native to south Asia, is Moringa oleifera, sometimes known as \"The Miracle Tree.\" The medium-sized agroforestry tree Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is native to south Asia but has now naturalized in many other nations. Moringa is also thought to be a treatment for malnutrition. It has several pharmacological characteristics, including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. It was discovered that every portion of the plant contains bioactive components. To far, over a hundred chemicals, comprising alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes, have been identified from various sections of Moringa oleifera. These leaves have been used for many years in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of illnesses. These leaves have the potential to avert the plague of starvation and associated illnesses due to their potent nutritional content. In this article, we will keep an eye on Moringa Oleifera Plant overview. \u0000Keywords: Moringa Oleifera plant, Miracle Tree, Herb, Drumstick, Herbal Medicine","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6526
Shruti Talla, K. Wadher, M. Umekar, R. Lohiya
Deferasirox, an oral iron-chelating agent, is a poorly soluble drug (Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II) having insufficient solubility in physiological fluids resulting in low bioavailability of the drug. The idea behind the present study was to explore the prospects of solid dispersion as a prolific method to enhance the dissolution rate of drug using a water soluble polymer. The solid dispersion was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique using Polyvinyl pyrrolidone with different drug to carrier and solvent ratio. Formulations were characterized through attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and in vitro release studies. A 32 factorial design was implemented to obtain optimum solubility, % yield, and optimization of solid dispersion (SD) also quantitates the influence of PVP on the solubility and dissolution profile. Thedrug-to-carrier and solvent ratio was chosen as independent variable, while %yield, drug content, and saturation solubility were chosen as dependent variables. The results showed that the optimized formulation of SD-DFX was able to significantly enhance its solubility. The SD containing a dispersion of Deferasirox with PVP show an exceptional rise in the solubility. This study describes the development of solid dispersion that significantly improved the solubility and bioavailability of DFX. The FTIR studies indicate the interaction between the drug and polymer. The DSC and XRD analysis indicated that the drug was in an amorphous state when dispersed in the polymer. It is resolved that the SD method significantly improves the solubility and dissolution rate, which could also be exploit for other poorly water soluble drug candidates. Keywords: Deferasirox , Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, solid dispersion, Factorial design, Solubility
地拉罗司是一种口服铁螯合剂，属于难溶性药物（生物制药分类系统 II 级），在生理液体中的溶解度不足，导致药物的生物利用度较低。本研究的目的是利用水溶性聚合物探索固体分散体作为提高药物溶出率的有效方法的前景。固体分散体是利用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮通过溶剂蒸发技术制备的，药物与载体和溶剂的比例各不相同。通过衰减全反射-傅立叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、粉末 X 射线衍射（XRD）和体外释放研究对制剂进行了表征。为了获得最佳溶解度、产率和固体分散体（SD）的优化，采用了 32 个因子设计，同时还量化了 PVP 对溶解度和溶出曲线的影响。药物与载体和溶剂的比例被选为自变量，而产率%、药物含量和饱和溶解度被选为因变量。结果表明，SD-DFX 的优化配方能够显著提高其溶解度。含有地拉罗司与 PVP 的分散体的 SD 的溶解度有了明显的提高。本研究介绍了固体分散体的开发过程，该分散体能显著提高地拉罗司的溶解度和生物利用度。傅立叶变换红外光谱研究表明，药物与聚合物之间存在相互作用。DSC 和 XRD 分析表明，药物在聚合物中分散时呈无定形状态。由此可见，SD 方法能显著提高药物的溶解度和溶解速率，也可用于其他水溶性较差的候选药物。关键词地拉羅司、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、固體分散、因子設計、溶解度
{"title":"Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion of Deferasirox Using Factorial Design","authors":"Shruti Talla, K. Wadher, M. Umekar, R. Lohiya","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6526","url":null,"abstract":"Deferasirox, an oral iron-chelating agent, is a poorly soluble drug (Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II) having insufficient solubility in physiological fluids resulting in low bioavailability of the drug. The idea behind the present study was to explore the prospects of solid dispersion as a prolific method to enhance the dissolution rate of drug using a water soluble polymer. The solid dispersion was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique using Polyvinyl pyrrolidone with different drug to carrier and solvent ratio. Formulations were characterized through attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and in vitro release studies. A 32 factorial design was implemented to obtain optimum solubility, % yield, and optimization of solid dispersion (SD) also quantitates the influence of PVP on the solubility and dissolution profile. Thedrug-to-carrier and solvent ratio was chosen as independent variable, while %yield, drug content, and saturation solubility were chosen as dependent variables. The results showed that the optimized formulation of SD-DFX was able to significantly enhance its solubility. The SD containing a dispersion of Deferasirox with PVP show an exceptional rise in the solubility. This study describes the development of solid dispersion that significantly improved the solubility and bioavailability of DFX. The FTIR studies indicate the interaction between the drug and polymer. The DSC and XRD analysis indicated that the drug was in an amorphous state when dispersed in the polymer. It is resolved that the SD method significantly improves the solubility and dissolution rate, which could also be exploit for other poorly water soluble drug candidates. \u0000Keywords: Deferasirox , Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, solid dispersion, Factorial design, Solubility","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" February","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6565
Zeenath Unnissa, Maher Unnisa, Shayesta Khan
Medication errors are regarded as a significant contributor to the morbidity and mortality rates among patients. These errors encompass any mistake made during the prescription, dispensing, administration, or consumption of medication, as well as the monitoring of therapy. Such errors often stem from factors such as insufficient knowledge, limited staff and resources, issues with medication naming and labeling, and inadequate communication among patients, physicians, and pharmacists. Nonetheless, it is crucial to detect these errors, as shortcomings in healthcare systems can lead to seemingly minor mistakes like misuse and abuse, which may ultimately result in more serious errors. The act of reporting a medication error holds great importance in enhancing the quality of life for patients and reducing the financial burden of re-hospitalization. The primary responsibility of a clinical pharmacist is to identify and assess medication errors with the aim of enhancing patient safety and therapeutic results. By closely monitoring the drug therapy administered to patients in a hospital setting and promptly informing healthcare providers of any inconsistencies discovered, the likelihood of medication errors occurring in hospitalized patients can be minimized. Keywords: Medication error, misuse, patient safety, quality of life
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Medication Errors in Modern Healthcare","authors":"Zeenath Unnissa, Maher Unnisa, Shayesta Khan","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i5.6565","url":null,"abstract":"Medication errors are regarded as a significant contributor to the morbidity and mortality rates among patients. These errors encompass any mistake made during the prescription, dispensing, administration, or consumption of medication, as well as the monitoring of therapy. Such errors often stem from factors such as insufficient knowledge, limited staff and resources, issues with medication naming and labeling, and inadequate communication among patients, physicians, and pharmacists. Nonetheless, it is crucial to detect these errors, as shortcomings in healthcare systems can lead to seemingly minor mistakes like misuse and abuse, which may ultimately result in more serious errors. The act of reporting a medication error holds great importance in enhancing the quality of life for patients and reducing the financial burden of re-hospitalization. The primary responsibility of a clinical pharmacist is to identify and assess medication errors with the aim of enhancing patient safety and therapeutic results. By closely monitoring the drug therapy administered to patients in a hospital setting and promptly informing healthcare providers of any inconsistencies discovered, the likelihood of medication errors occurring in hospitalized patients can be minimized. \u0000Keywords: Medication error, misuse, patient safety, quality of life","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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