Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.1177/0095244310368126
N. Dusunceli
The aim of this work is to investigate the finite deformation behavior of polymeric materials under monotonic loading—unloading. The strain rate sensitivity behaviors of polymeric materials were modeled using viscoplasticity theory based on an overstress (VBO) model. The modeling capability of the VBO model was improved to describe the nonlinear stress—strain behavior of the fully inelastic flow region in loading at small strain level. In this model, the tangent modulus (Et) is taken nonlinearly to simulate this polymeric material behavior. The numerical results were compared to the experimental data in the literature. These results were in good agreement with the experimental data.
{"title":"Modeling Finite Deformation Behavior of Semicrystalline Polymers under Uniaxial Loading—Unloading","authors":"N. Dusunceli","doi":"10.1177/0095244310368126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310368126","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to investigate the finite deformation behavior of polymeric materials under monotonic loading—unloading. The strain rate sensitivity behaviors of polymeric materials were modeled using viscoplasticity theory based on an overstress (VBO) model. The modeling capability of the VBO model was improved to describe the nonlinear stress—strain behavior of the fully inelastic flow region in loading at small strain level. In this model, the tangent modulus (Et) is taken nonlinearly to simulate this polymeric material behavior. The numerical results were compared to the experimental data in the literature. These results were in good agreement with the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"21 1","pages":"347 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79876146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1177/0095244310371360
S. Chuayjuljit, Anyaporn Boonmahithisud
Blends of natural rubber (NR) and polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles at 3—9 phr by latex compounding were investigated for their tensile properties, dynamic mechanical behaviors, and flammability. The nanolatex of PS was synthesized via differential microemulsion polymerization. The properties of NR were improved as a result of the incorporation of PS nanoparticles at 3 phr for tensile properties except the % elongation at break, and up to 9 phr for flammability. The results from dynamic mechanical analyzer showed that the elastic properties of NR near the glass transition temperature increased when the amount of PS nanoparticles was over 3 phr.
{"title":"Natural Rubber Blended with Polystyrene Nanoparticles Prepared by Differential Microemulsion Polymerization","authors":"S. Chuayjuljit, Anyaporn Boonmahithisud","doi":"10.1177/0095244310371360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310371360","url":null,"abstract":"Blends of natural rubber (NR) and polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles at 3—9 phr by latex compounding were investigated for their tensile properties, dynamic mechanical behaviors, and flammability. The nanolatex of PS was synthesized via differential microemulsion polymerization. The properties of NR were improved as a result of the incorporation of PS nanoparticles at 3 phr for tensile properties except the % elongation at break, and up to 9 phr for flammability. The results from dynamic mechanical analyzer showed that the elastic properties of NR near the glass transition temperature increased when the amount of PS nanoparticles was over 3 phr.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"13 1","pages":"375 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85994294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-10DOI: 10.1177/0095244310371359
A. Takshi, J. Madden
A metallic conductor layer on an elastomeric substrate has a limited stretchability. Application of a conductive rubber layer underneath the metal can enhance the flexibility and preserve the electrical connection even at high strains. Silicone and polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) have been tested as elastic substrates. A repeatable resistance-strain behavior up to 100% strain is achieved for a multilayer conductor with PDMS substrate. It is found that this type of substrate has a large influence on the size of cracks on the metal layer.
{"title":"Multilayer Stretchable Conductors with a Large Tensile Strength","authors":"A. Takshi, J. Madden","doi":"10.1177/0095244310371359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310371359","url":null,"abstract":"A metallic conductor layer on an elastomeric substrate has a limited stretchability. Application of a conductive rubber layer underneath the metal can enhance the flexibility and preserve the electrical connection even at high strains. Silicone and polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) have been tested as elastic substrates. A repeatable resistance-strain behavior up to 100% strain is achieved for a multilayer conductor with PDMS substrate. It is found that this type of substrate has a large influence on the size of cracks on the metal layer.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"21 1","pages":"365 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85451696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-01DOI: 10.1177/0095244310362404
N. Dishovsky, D. Grigorova, V. Iliev, S. Borrós
In the past decade, we have witnessed unprecedented increase in the quantities and variety of the electromagnetic field sources used for domestic, industrial, and military purposes. Of late, the protection from the ultra high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic radiation is gaining importance owing to human health care and quality of life and work improvement. Independently from the variety of produced absorbers, the problem with development of new, more effective, and cheap absorbing materials becomes a question of interest. The mainly used functional fillers in rubber-based composites effectively absorbing UHF electromagnetic radiations are carbonyl iron or magnetite, in same cases in combination with graphite or carbon black. At the same time in sinter plants of the extraction ferrous metallurgy, after gas cleaning equipment (electrostatic precipitators (ESP)) up to thousand tons of waste powder have been generated annually. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that powder contains mainly magnetite. In the present research on the base of waste sinter powder a filler modified with carbon was obtained. The rubber-based composites with different concentration of modified and nonmodified fillers were produced. The vulcanization, physico-mechanical, electrical, and microwave properties of the obtained rubber-based composites were measured and evaluated. The results show that the modified fillers usage improves microwave characteristics, strength-deformation properties, and aging stability.
{"title":"Modified Waste Dispersion Phase from the Extraction Metallurgy as Functional Filler for Rubber-based Materials","authors":"N. Dishovsky, D. Grigorova, V. Iliev, S. Borrós","doi":"10.1177/0095244310362404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310362404","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decade, we have witnessed unprecedented increase in the quantities and variety of the electromagnetic field sources used for domestic, industrial, and military purposes. Of late, the protection from the ultra high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic radiation is gaining importance owing to human health care and quality of life and work improvement. Independently from the variety of produced absorbers, the problem with development of new, more effective, and cheap absorbing materials becomes a question of interest. The mainly used functional fillers in rubber-based composites effectively absorbing UHF electromagnetic radiations are carbonyl iron or magnetite, in same cases in combination with graphite or carbon black. At the same time in sinter plants of the extraction ferrous metallurgy, after gas cleaning equipment (electrostatic precipitators (ESP)) up to thousand tons of waste powder have been generated annually. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that powder contains mainly magnetite. In the present research on the base of waste sinter powder a filler modified with carbon was obtained. The rubber-based composites with different concentration of modified and nonmodified fillers were produced. The vulcanization, physico-mechanical, electrical, and microwave properties of the obtained rubber-based composites were measured and evaluated. The results show that the modified fillers usage improves microwave characteristics, strength-deformation properties, and aging stability.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"16 1","pages":"241 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80291040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-31DOI: 10.1177/0095244310368125
N. Mohamad, A. Muchtar, M. Ghazali, D. Mohd, C. Azhari
Studies were conducted on the effects of filler loading and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (SCA) on the physical characteristics of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-alumina nanoparticles composites (ENRAN). The filler loading varied from 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 phr in the absence and presence of 2 phr SCA in every formulation. The alumina nanoparticles have a positive interaction with the ENR matrix since they increase the glass transition temperature of the composites [Mohamad, N., Muchtar, A., Ghazali, M.J., Dahlan, H.M. and Azhari, C.H. (2008). The Effect of Filler on Epoxidized Natural Rubber-Alumina Nanoparticles Composites, Eur. J. Sci. Res., 24: 538—547]. The addition of SCA decreased the maximum torque (MH) and the torque difference (MH-ML) of ENRANs compound as well as causing the curing process to occur at a very fast rate. The spherical alumina particles were dispersed in ENR matrix and a uniform particle distribution was observed under scanning electron microscope enabling the increase of the torque values in the composites.
{"title":"Correlation of Filler Loading and Silane Coupling Agent on the Physical Characteristics of Epoxidized Natural Rubber-Alumina Nanoparticles Composites","authors":"N. Mohamad, A. Muchtar, M. Ghazali, D. Mohd, C. Azhari","doi":"10.1177/0095244310368125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310368125","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were conducted on the effects of filler loading and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (SCA) on the physical characteristics of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-alumina nanoparticles composites (ENRAN). The filler loading varied from 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 phr in the absence and presence of 2 phr SCA in every formulation. The alumina nanoparticles have a positive interaction with the ENR matrix since they increase the glass transition temperature of the composites [Mohamad, N., Muchtar, A., Ghazali, M.J., Dahlan, H.M. and Azhari, C.H. (2008). The Effect of Filler on Epoxidized Natural Rubber-Alumina Nanoparticles Composites, Eur. J. Sci. Res., 24: 538—547]. The addition of SCA decreased the maximum torque (MH) and the torque difference (MH-ML) of ENRANs compound as well as causing the curing process to occur at a very fast rate. The spherical alumina particles were dispersed in ENR matrix and a uniform particle distribution was observed under scanning electron microscope enabling the increase of the torque values in the composites.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"8 1","pages":"331 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89040195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-26DOI: 10.1177/0095244310368127
M. Senna, Y. Abdel‐Monem
Effect of reactive compatibilizers on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of polymer blends based essentially on polypropylene (PP) and different ratios of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was investigated. The same properties were also, studied before and after electron beam irradiation to various doses. The results showed that the mechanical and thermal properties of unirradiated PP/ENR blends were improved after using the reactive compatibilizers: PP graft copolymer with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) or 1,6-hexandiol-diacrylate (HDDA). This improvement was attributed to the formation of interfacial bonding between PP and ENR phases during the melt processing. Further improvement in these properties was observed under effect of electron beam irradiation and the reactive compatibilizer. However, this effect was clear in the case of the monomer HDDA than PP-g-MAH. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs indicated that the morphology was improved by the addition of the reactive compatibilizers and electron beam irradiation. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) results indicated that the crystallinity of the blend was increased by the addition of the compatiblizing agents due to the plasticizing effect and/or the nucleatating properties of the compatibilizer. However, the crystallinity of the PP/ENR blend was decreased after electron beam irradiation.
{"title":"Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation and Reactive Compatibilizers on Some Properties of Polypropylene and Epoxidized Natural Rubber Polymer Blends","authors":"M. Senna, Y. Abdel‐Monem","doi":"10.1177/0095244310368127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310368127","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of reactive compatibilizers on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of polymer blends based essentially on polypropylene (PP) and different ratios of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was investigated. The same properties were also, studied before and after electron beam irradiation to various doses. The results showed that the mechanical and thermal properties of unirradiated PP/ENR blends were improved after using the reactive compatibilizers: PP graft copolymer with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) or 1,6-hexandiol-diacrylate (HDDA). This improvement was attributed to the formation of interfacial bonding between PP and ENR phases during the melt processing. Further improvement in these properties was observed under effect of electron beam irradiation and the reactive compatibilizer. However, this effect was clear in the case of the monomer HDDA than PP-g-MAH. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs indicated that the morphology was improved by the addition of the reactive compatibilizers and electron beam irradiation. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) results indicated that the crystallinity of the blend was increased by the addition of the compatiblizing agents due to the plasticizing effect and/or the nucleatating properties of the compatibilizer. However, the crystallinity of the PP/ENR blend was decreased after electron beam irradiation.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"25 1","pages":"275 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86554194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-23DOI: 10.1177/0095244310368128
S. Asiaban, Soheil Farshbaf Taghinejad
Acrylonitryl-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is an engineering polymer with intrinsic yellowness and translucency due to blue wavelength absorption and partial light transmission, respectively. Generally, using titanium dioxide pigment helps to whiten ABS polymer and reduce its intrinsic yellowness. Also, it can impart opacity to polymeric parts. However, it must be considered that this pigment may cause some unfavorable effects in ABS parts. In this article, effects of surface treatment type and content of TiO2 pigment on optical aspects of a general purpose ABS have been investigated. In addition, physical and mechanical characteristics including tensile strength, izod impact strength and Rockwell hardness of the polymer have been studied. By adding titanium dioxide pigment opacity and whitening index increased and yellowness index decreased. It is important to note that surface treatment type of titanium dioxide pigment had no considerable effect on optical properties of titanium dioxide pigmented ABS polymer. The results showed that arising content of organic and inorganic surface treated TiO2 pigments up to 0.5% and 1.5%, respectively, causes to increase impact strength and decrease yield stress and maximum strain of pigmented ABS samples. Above these percentages, impact strength decreased due to agglomeration and decreasing inter-particle spacing. Also hardness of all the ABS samples reduced in the presence of inorganic and organic treated titanium dioxide pigments.
{"title":"Investigation of the Effect of Titanium Dioxide on Optical Aspects and Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of ABS Polymer","authors":"S. Asiaban, Soheil Farshbaf Taghinejad","doi":"10.1177/0095244310368128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310368128","url":null,"abstract":"Acrylonitryl-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is an engineering polymer with intrinsic yellowness and translucency due to blue wavelength absorption and partial light transmission, respectively. Generally, using titanium dioxide pigment helps to whiten ABS polymer and reduce its intrinsic yellowness. Also, it can impart opacity to polymeric parts. However, it must be considered that this pigment may cause some unfavorable effects in ABS parts. In this article, effects of surface treatment type and content of TiO2 pigment on optical aspects of a general purpose ABS have been investigated. In addition, physical and mechanical characteristics including tensile strength, izod impact strength and Rockwell hardness of the polymer have been studied. By adding titanium dioxide pigment opacity and whitening index increased and yellowness index decreased. It is important to note that surface treatment type of titanium dioxide pigment had no considerable effect on optical properties of titanium dioxide pigmented ABS polymer. The results showed that arising content of organic and inorganic surface treated TiO2 pigments up to 0.5% and 1.5%, respectively, causes to increase impact strength and decrease yield stress and maximum strain of pigmented ABS samples. Above these percentages, impact strength decreased due to agglomeration and decreasing inter-particle spacing. Also hardness of all the ABS samples reduced in the presence of inorganic and organic treated titanium dioxide pigments.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"69 1","pages":"267 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80363880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-23DOI: 10.1177/0095244310368122
M. Valero
A series of simultaneous interpenetrating polymer networks (SINs) based on pentaerythritol modified castor oil polyurethane and polystyrene were studied. Miscibility, phase continuity and phase separation are studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The patterns of extent of the phase separation and the characteristics of the interpenetration reached as a function of the components were deduced. The modulus-composition relationship has been analyzed for the synthesized SINs using theoretical equations based on mechanical models. Most of these models assume perfect adhesion between the homogeneous isotropic phases and the inclusions in the matrix are spherical. The IPNs follow the Budiansky model, which predicts a phase inversion at intermediate compositions.
{"title":"Polyurethane–Polystyrene Simultaneous Interpenetrating Networks from Modified Castor Oil","authors":"M. Valero","doi":"10.1177/0095244310368122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310368122","url":null,"abstract":"A series of simultaneous interpenetrating polymer networks (SINs) based on pentaerythritol modified castor oil polyurethane and polystyrene were studied. Miscibility, phase continuity and phase separation are studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The patterns of extent of the phase separation and the characteristics of the interpenetration reached as a function of the components were deduced. The modulus-composition relationship has been analyzed for the synthesized SINs using theoretical equations based on mechanical models. Most of these models assume perfect adhesion between the homogeneous isotropic phases and the inclusions in the matrix are spherical. The IPNs follow the Budiansky model, which predicts a phase inversion at intermediate compositions.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"5 1","pages":"255 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83619931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0095244310362539
B. T. Poh, S. Chin, P. Tan
The viscosity, tack, peel, and shear strength of Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR L grade)-based pressure-sensitive adhesives was studied in the presence of two types of antioxidants, that is, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ) using coumarone-indene resin and toluene as the tackifier and solvent, respectively. The concentration of antioxidant was varied from 1 to 4 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). A SHEEN hand coater was used to coat the adhesive on polyethylene terephthalate substrate to give a coating thickness of 90 μm. Viscosity was determined by a HAAKE Rotary Viscometer. Tack, peel, and shear strength were measured using a Lloyd Adhesion Tester operating at 30 cm/min. Results indicate that the viscosity and shear strength decreases with increasing antioxidant concentration, an observation that is attributed to the plasticizing effect of the antioxidants. However, tack and peel strength shows the reverse behavior, a phenomenon that is associated to the increasing wettability and compatibility of adhesive on the substrate as antioxidant concentration is increased. Except for the shear strength, BHT antioxidant consistently exhibits a higher viscosity, tack, and peel strength compared to TMQ antioxidant.
{"title":"Dependence of Adhesion Property of SMR L-based Adhesives on Antioxidants","authors":"B. T. Poh, S. Chin, P. Tan","doi":"10.1177/0095244310362539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244310362539","url":null,"abstract":"The viscosity, tack, peel, and shear strength of Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR L grade)-based pressure-sensitive adhesives was studied in the presence of two types of antioxidants, that is, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ) using coumarone-indene resin and toluene as the tackifier and solvent, respectively. The concentration of antioxidant was varied from 1 to 4 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). A SHEEN hand coater was used to coat the adhesive on polyethylene terephthalate substrate to give a coating thickness of 90 μm. Viscosity was determined by a HAAKE Rotary Viscometer. Tack, peel, and shear strength were measured using a Lloyd Adhesion Tester operating at 30 cm/min. Results indicate that the viscosity and shear strength decreases with increasing antioxidant concentration, an observation that is attributed to the plasticizing effect of the antioxidants. However, tack and peel strength shows the reverse behavior, a phenomenon that is associated to the increasing wettability and compatibility of adhesive on the substrate as antioxidant concentration is increased. Except for the shear strength, BHT antioxidant consistently exhibits a higher viscosity, tack, and peel strength compared to TMQ antioxidant.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"37 1","pages":"151 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82878478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0095244309354373
Thomas Sun, Robyn Thom
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is among the top three most widely used plastics globally. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is often added as a plasticizer by up to 40 wt% to impart flexibility. DEHP, a toxin and carcinogen, can leach into the atmosphere to cause environmental contamination. This study investigates the suitability of epoxidized safflower oil, namely Carthamus tinctorius oil (ECTO), as a PVC plasticizer. PVC films with DEHP and ECTO were compared in resilience, elastic modulus, toughness, and glass transition temperature. ECTO films displayed statistically similar physical properties of resilience, elastic modulus, and toughness at up to 30 wt%. ECTO films of 0 to 40 wt% all displayed significantly lower glass transition temperature.
{"title":"The Effect of Epoxidized Safflower Oil on the Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Films","authors":"Thomas Sun, Robyn Thom","doi":"10.1177/0095244309354373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244309354373","url":null,"abstract":"Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is among the top three most widely used plastics globally. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is often added as a plasticizer by up to 40 wt% to impart flexibility. DEHP, a toxin and carcinogen, can leach into the atmosphere to cause environmental contamination. This study investigates the suitability of epoxidized safflower oil, namely Carthamus tinctorius oil (ECTO), as a PVC plasticizer. PVC films with DEHP and ECTO were compared in resilience, elastic modulus, toughness, and glass transition temperature. ECTO films displayed statistically similar physical properties of resilience, elastic modulus, and toughness at up to 30 wt%. ECTO films of 0 to 40 wt% all displayed significantly lower glass transition temperature.","PeriodicalId":15644,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers and Plastics","volume":"21 1","pages":"129 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86405719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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