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Towards spatializing consumer energy sustainability. Empirical findings about the policy and practice of energy conservation and poverty in Barcelona and North Macedonia
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2008234
Sergi Moles-Grueso, Ana Stojilovska
ABSTRACT The way citizens make meaning, take decisions, and act differs from expert-informed expectations encapsulated in policies. Inspired by spatial theory, we explore the divide between official and everyday framings of consumer energy sustainability that is potentially limiting citizen engagement. Our argument draws from contrasting official and everyday framings encountered in narratives and practices related to (a) energy conservation in commercial buildings in Barcelona, and (b) household energy poverty in North Macedonia. Our interpretation reveals a major difference between official and everyday framings, whereby the former decontextualize practices and the latter knock down spatial borders to engage with energy through a wide array of material interventions and social structures that are not specific to intervention sites and policy matters. Everyday narratives reveal a spatial critique of the inconsistencies in official policy and practice that highlights the existence of systemic unequal participation, inequalities, and injustice. The appraisal of these inconsistencies limits the legitimacy of government and corporations, as well as the appeal of official policies and practices. The spatialization of energy consumption according to everyday epistemologies, whereby practices are appraised in their socio-material context calls for re-politicizing energy consumption in accordance with conceptions of energy citizenship – i.e. embracing its original grounding on bottom-up knowledge formation and political struggle.
公民产生意义、做出决定和采取行动的方式不同于政策中包含的专家知情期望。受空间理论的启发,我们探索了消费者能源可持续性的官方和日常框架之间的鸿沟,这可能会限制公民的参与。我们的论点来自于在叙述和实践中遇到的官方和日常框架的对比(a)巴塞罗那商业建筑的节能,以及(b)北马其顿家庭能源贫困。我们的解释揭示了官方框架和日常框架之间的主要区别,即前者将实践脱离语境,后者打破空间边界,通过广泛的材料干预和社会结构来参与能源,而不是特定于干预地点和政策事项。日常叙事揭示了对官方政策和实践不一致性的空间批判,强调了系统性不平等参与、不平等和不公正的存在。对这些不一致的评价限制了政府和公司的合法性,也限制了官方政策和做法的吸引力。根据日常认识论,能源消费的空间化,即实践在其社会物质背景下进行评估,要求根据能源公民的概念将能源消费重新政治化-即拥抱其自下而上的知识形成和政治斗争的原始基础。
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引用次数: 6
How organized credibility enables climate action: the U.S. climate security coalition as a credibility machine 有组织的信誉如何使气候行动:美国气候安全联盟作为一个信誉机器
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2008232
Hannah M. Teicher
ABSTRACT Organized denial has played an outsize role in frustrating U.S. climate progress. At the same time, a constellation of national security experts, think tanks and defense personnel have promoted a climate security frame for over a decade to advance climate action. This climate security coalition constructs credibility, serving as an implicit counterpoint to organized denial. A case study of two regions with large defense complexes and the climate security policy community reveals that credibility is constructed through two mechanisms: (1) individual climate security champions employ framing and communication tactics to persuade other decision-makers and (2) a coalition of these champions and other policy actors coordinate across levels of governance while bridging military and civilian realms. The climate security coalition accomplishes a form of multilevel governance, advancing adaptation through planning, policy, and consolidating resources. In this case, organized credibility helps to overcome ineffective framing and governmental fragmentation, two of the most persistent barriers to urban climate action. In addition to these concrete results, recognizing this non-environmental approach as an aspect of a credibility machine confers it power as an organizing strategy. This has potential to translate to other domains, further extending the constituency for climate action beyond the usual suspects.
有组织的否认在阻碍美国气候进展方面发挥了巨大的作用。与此同时,十多年来,一群国家安全专家、智库和国防人员一直在推动气候安全框架,以推动气候行动。这个气候安全联盟构建了可信度,作为有组织否认的含蓄对应。对两个拥有大型国防联合体和气候安全政策社区的地区的案例研究表明,可信度是通过两种机制构建的:(1)气候安全倡导者个人采用框架和沟通策略来说服其他决策者;(2)这些倡导者和其他政策参与者的联盟在跨治理层面进行协调,同时架起军事和民用领域的桥梁。气候安全联盟实现了一种多层次治理形式,通过规划、政策和整合资源推进适应。在这种情况下,有组织的信誉有助于克服无效的框架和政府分裂,这是城市气候行动的两个最持久的障碍。除了这些具体结果之外,认识到这种非环境方法是信誉机器的一个方面,使其成为一种组织策略。这有可能转化为其他领域,进一步扩大气候行动的支持者,而不是通常的嫌疑人。
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引用次数: 2
Not at the table but stuck paying the bill: perceptions of injustice in China’s Xin’anjiang eco-compensation program 人们对中国新安江生态补偿项目不公正的看法,不是在谈判桌上,而是在付账
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2008233
Xinhui Jiang, Sarah Eaton, Genia Kostka
ABSTRACT A growing body of research highlights the decisive role that justice claims play in creating sustainable payment for ecosystem services (PES) programs. Employing Sikor et al.’s approach to the study of justice claims in ecosystem governance along three dimensions—distribution, procedure and recognition—we study the negotiation process behind China’s flagship interprovincial PES agreement: the Xin’anjiang River eco-compensation agreement between Huangshan (Anhui province) and Hangzhou (Zhejiang province) prefectures. We find that divergent claims between stakeholders on matters of distributive and procedural justice undercut one party’s commitment to the agreement. Local officials in the upstream locality (Huangshan) see themselves as having been disadvantaged in both procedural and distributive aspects of negotiation. They claim to have been insufficiently included in a bargaining process that involved not only the downstream locality (Hangzhou) but also the central government. Huangshan stakeholders also see themselves as largely excluded from the benefits of cleaner water and bearing too much of the pollution abatement cost. For their part, Hangzhou stakeholders have advanced a ‘polluters pay’ view of distributive justice and found partial support for this claim from Beijing. Our findings suggest that attending to environmental justice considerations should be given top priority in China’s design of PES schemes.
越来越多的研究强调了正义主张在创建可持续支付生态系统服务(PES)计划中的决定性作用。采用Sikor等人从分布、程序和承认三个维度研究生态系统治理中正义诉求的方法,我们研究了中国旗舰省际PES协议背后的谈判过程:安徽省黄山市和浙江省杭州市之间的新安江生态补偿协议。我们发现,利益相关者之间在分配和程序正义问题上的分歧主张削弱了一方对协议的承诺。上游地区(黄山)的地方官员认为自己在谈判的程序和分配方面都处于不利地位。他们声称,在不仅涉及下游地区(杭州),而且涉及中央政府的谈判过程中,他们没有得到充分的参与。黄山的利益相关者也认为,他们在很大程度上被排除在更清洁的水的好处之外,承担了太多的污染减排成本。而杭州的利益相关者则提出了“污染者付费”的分配正义观,并在一定程度上得到了北京的支持。我们的研究结果表明,在中国的PES方案设计中,应优先考虑环境正义因素。
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引用次数: 4
Procedural injustices in large-scale solar energy: a case study in the Mayan region of Yucatan, Mexico 大规模太阳能的程序不公正:以墨西哥尤卡坦半岛玛雅地区为例
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2000378
Sandra Jazmin Barragan-Contreras
ABSTRACT There is a clear need for improving justice and sustainability in the implementation of renewable energy projects. Assessing energy justice in contexts with high cultural and ecological diversity as well as high levels of marginalisation, and a post-colonial history (of domination and resistance to it), requires taking into account the local contextual understandings of justice. Current literature, however, has been mostly developed under the evidence and concepts of Global North contexts, which tend to build in universal ideas of justice, often inappropriate for policy application in the Global South. To contribute to closing this gap, the paper qualitatively analyses the implementation of a large-scale photovoltaic project in Yucatan, Mexico, examining how neighbouring indigenous communities and other key actors perceive, experience and react to procedural and socio-environmental justice issues in the project's implementation. Results show that commonly-used concepts such as consent, participation and inclusion -as currently applied in the siting of renewable infrastructure- are now mostly perceived as legitimation of projects that align with the developer and governmental priorities. Emphasising self-determination over and above the aforementioned concepts is seen as a priority among affected communities for achieving a more socially just energy transition.
在可再生能源项目的实施中,显然需要提高公平性和可持续性。在具有高度文化和生态多样性以及高度边缘化和后殖民历史(统治和抵抗)的背景下评估能源正义需要考虑到当地对正义的背景理解。然而,目前的文献大多是在全球北方背景的证据和概念下发展起来的,这些文献往往建立在普遍的正义观念中,而这些观念往往不适合在全球南方的政策应用。为了缩小这一差距,本文定性分析了墨西哥尤卡坦半岛一个大型光伏项目的实施情况,研究了邻近的土著社区和其他关键参与者如何看待、体验和应对项目实施中的程序和社会环境正义问题。结果表明,目前在可再生基础设施选址中使用的“同意”、“参与”和“包容”等常用概念,现在大多被视为符合开发商和政府优先事项的项目的合法性。在上述概念之上强调自决被视为受影响社区实现更社会公正的能源转型的优先事项。
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引用次数: 5
Parallel routes from Copenhagen to Paris: climate discourse in climate sceptic and climate activist blogs 从哥本哈根到巴黎的平行路线:气候怀疑论者和气候活动家博客中的气候话语
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2000376
C. W. van Eck, P. Feindt
ABSTRACT The Copenhagen climate summit in 2009 was a watershed moment in the international climate change discourse, reinforcing controversy and polarization between climate sceptics and climate activists. Simultaneously, the blogosphere, known as a place for polarized mobilization, became a proliferating forum for both camps. Building on Dryzek’s and Carvalho’s conceptualization of environmental discourse, this paper analyses how ideological polarization is grounded in climate sceptics’ and climate activists’ blogs between COP15 and COP21. We investigated ten climate sceptic and climate activist blogs accessible in the UK. Qualitative-quantitative analysis of 357 blog posts revealed contrasting ontological and epistemological worlds in the climate change controversy. Four storylines were identified in the climate sceptical discourse – ‘hoax’, ‘no scientific evidence’, ‘climate sceptical science’, and ‘injustice’ – and five storylines in the climate activist discourse – ‘action’, ‘social justice’, ‘disaster strikes’, ‘potential catastrophe’, and ‘opportunity’. Implications for policy, practice and future research are provided.
2009年的哥本哈根气候峰会是国际气候变化讨论的分水岭,加剧了气候怀疑论者和气候活动家之间的争议和两极分化。与此同时,博客圈,这个被称为两极分化动员的地方,成为了两个阵营的增殖论坛。本文以Dryzek和Carvalho对环境话语的概念为基础,分析了气候怀疑论者和气候活动家在COP15和COP21之间的博客中意识形态的两极分化。我们调查了英国十个气候怀疑论者和气候活动家的博客。对357篇博客文章的定性-定量分析揭示了气候变化争议中不同的本体论和认识论世界。在气候怀疑论者的话语中确定了四条故事线——“骗局”、“没有科学证据”、“气候怀疑科学”和“不公正”;在气候活动家的话语中确定了五条故事线——“行动”、“社会正义”、“灾难袭击”、“潜在灾难”和“机会”。本文为政策、实践和未来研究提供了启示。
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引用次数: 7
A multidimensional approach to evaluating the vulnerability of drinking water systems 评价饮用水系统脆弱性的多维方法
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2000377
S. Hughes
ABSTRACT Safe, affordable, reliable drinking water is central to public health, strong communities, economic development, and a healthy environment. Drinking water policy and management tends to rely on regulatory monitoring and compliance, but the performance of drinking water systems is underpinned and driven by social, financial, and physical systems. When these systems are eroded or poorly functioning, drinking water systems are vulnerable to performance failures of many kinds. We develop a multidimensional approach to measuring drinking water vulnerability using composite indices and apply these methods to large (greater than 50,000 residents) cities of the Great Lakes region, an area grappling with pressing drinking water challenges. Using publicly available data, we calculate drinking water vulnerability scores for 105 cities in the region using three different index development methods. We find that there are differences in drinking water vulnerability scores between states and within metropolitan areas. We also find these vulnerability index measures are related to performance outcomes, specifically violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act. The index provides new, adaptable methods and insights into drinking water system vulnerability for scholars, decision makers, and stakeholders.
安全、可负担、可靠的饮用水是公共卫生、强大社区、经济发展和健康环境的核心。饮用水政策和管理往往依赖于监管监测和合规,但饮用水系统的绩效是由社会、金融和物理系统支撑和推动的。当这些系统被侵蚀或功能不佳时,饮用水系统很容易受到各种性能故障的影响。我们开发了一种多维方法,使用复合指数来衡量饮用水脆弱性,并将这些方法应用于大湖区的大型城市(超过5万居民),该地区正在努力应对紧迫的饮用水挑战。利用公开数据,我们使用三种不同的指数开发方法计算了该地区105个城市的饮用水脆弱性得分。我们发现,在各州和大都市地区之间,饮用水脆弱性得分存在差异。我们还发现这些脆弱性指数指标与绩效结果有关,特别是违反《安全饮用水法》的行为。该指数为学者、决策者和利益相关者提供了新的、适应性强的方法和对饮用水系统脆弱性的见解。
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引用次数: 7
Moral rifts in the coal phase-out—how mayors shape distributive and recognition-based dimensions of a just transition in Lusatia 煤炭淘汰中的道德裂痕——市长如何塑造卢萨蒂亚公正转型的分配和认知维度
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.1992267
Konrad Gürtler, Jeremias Herberg
ABSTRACT Transitions towards low-carbon societies trigger renegotiations of justice concerns in regions that have to abandon unsustainable, fossil-based production patterns. In these transition regions, tensions may appear between inner- and supra-regional justice claims on the one hand, and recognition-based and distributional justice concerns on the other. Intermediary actors such as municipal politicians have to navigate these spatial and moral tensions. Based on qualitative data generated in the German lignite-mining region of Lusatia, ‘moral rifts’ are reconstructed that shape local perceptions of justice. These rifts help elucidate how reconciliation in this region proves to be difficult despite considerable redistributive efforts. Unless patterns of misrecognition are adequately addressed, prospects for a successful transformation of the region remain limited.
在不得不放弃不可持续的化石燃料生产模式的地区,向低碳社会的转型引发了对正义问题的重新谈判。在这些过渡地区,一方面内部和超区域的正义诉求,另一方面基于承认和分配的正义诉求之间可能出现紧张关系。市政官员等中介角色必须驾驭这些空间和道德上的紧张关系。根据德国卢萨蒂亚褐煤矿区的定性数据,“道德裂痕”被重建,塑造了当地对正义的看法。这些分歧有助于说明,尽管作出了相当大的再分配努力,该地区的和解如何证明是困难的。除非充分解决认识错误的模式,否则该区域成功转型的前景仍然有限。
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引用次数: 7
Contested renewable energy projects in Latin America: bridging frameworks of justice to understand ‘triple inequalities of decarbonisation policies’ 拉丁美洲有争议的可再生能源项目:弥合正义框架以理解“脱碳政策的三重不平等”
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2000381
Rosamond Lehmann, Anne Tittor
ABSTRACT Renewable energy (RE) projects are increasingly contested. We present bio- and wind energy projects in Argentina, Mexico, and Nicaragua with reference to different frameworks of justice. We bridge the concept of energy justice with insights from climate change and climate justice research and argue that the social groups facing energy injustices related to the implementation of RE projects face a situation of ‘triple inequalities of decarbonisation policies’: they are negatively affected by climate change although, from a global and historical perspective, they have not contributed much to it, and now face injustices related to the mitigation of climate change. We underscore this argument by presenting cases of wind energy generation and biomass production for fuel. We conclude that relating different strands of justice debates with a historically grounded analysis of triple inequalities can imply the denial of RE projects by actors who belong to marginalised groups – despite of a global urgency of decarbonisation.
可再生能源(RE)项目的竞争日益激烈。我们根据不同的司法框架介绍了阿根廷、墨西哥和尼加拉瓜的生物和风能项目。我们将能源正义的概念与气候变化和气候正义研究的见解联系起来,认为面临与可再生能源项目实施相关的能源不公正的社会群体面临着“脱碳政策的三重不平等”的局面:他们受到气候变化的负面影响,尽管从全球和历史的角度来看,他们并没有对此做出多大贡献,现在面临与减缓气候变化有关的不公正。我们通过介绍风能发电和生物质燃料生产的案例来强调这一论点。我们的结论是,将不同的正义辩论与对三重不平等的历史基础分析联系起来,可能意味着属于边缘化群体的行动者拒绝可再生能源项目——尽管全球迫切需要脱碳。
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引用次数: 5
Which works better? Comparing the environmental outcomes of different forms of intergovernmental collaboration in China's air pollution control 哪种效果更好?比较中国大气污染治理中不同形式政府间合作的环境效果
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2000379
Shaowei Chen, Xinfeng Zhao, Lingyi Zhou
ABSTRACT While collaborative governance has been widely applied to address environmental problems, little is known about the environmental outcomes of collaborations. Drawing on the institutional collective action (ICA) framework, this study constructs a framework that links different forms of collaboration, defined by different levels of central intervention, to environmental outcomes. We argue that the outcome of a particular form of collaboration is a function of its effectiveness and the level of complexity the collaboration faces. When the effectiveness of a collaboration form matches the complexity faced by the collaboration, it is more likely to achieve better environmental outcomes. Using city-level air quality data and the weighted fixed effect difference-in-difference approach, we find results that strongly support our arguments. This research contributes to the understanding of the environmental outcomes of collaborations and provides practical insights for public managers to design intergovernmental collaborations.
虽然协作治理已被广泛应用于解决环境问题,但人们对协作的环境结果知之甚少。利用制度集体行动(ICA)框架,本研究构建了一个框架,将不同形式的合作(由不同水平的中央干预所定义)与环境结果联系起来。我们认为,特定形式的协作的结果是其有效性和协作所面临的复杂程度的函数。当协作形式的有效性与协作所面临的复杂性相匹配时,它更有可能实现更好的环境结果。使用城市一级的空气质量数据和加权固定效应差分法,我们发现结果有力地支持了我们的论点。本研究有助于理解合作的环境结果,并为公共管理者设计政府间合作提供了实践见解。
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引用次数: 5
Sun, wind or water? Public support for large-scale renewable energy development in Canada 太阳,风还是水?公众对加拿大大规模可再生能源开发的支持
IF 3.2 3区 社会学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2021.2000375
James Donald, Jonn Axsen, K. Shaw, B. Robertson
ABSTRACT Public acceptance is one important aspect of broader social acceptability of renewable energy. Using a national, representative survey dataset of Canadian citizens (n = 1407), we examine public support for three infrastructure-scale renewables: large hydropower, wind farms, and solar farms. Few studies compare acceptance of multiple technologies or acceptance across sub-national regions. Due to differing levels of historical and current development of energy technologies, the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec provide a unique case for comparison. At the national level, results demonstrate strong support and high levels of familiarity for these renewable technologies, but limited belief they will lower greenhouse gas emissions. Lower levels of support for wind and hydro technologies were seen in provinces that recently experienced development. Using regression analysis, we found support for each of the technologies was influenced by a different set of factors. Important influencing factors included environmental and climate concern, familiarity with the technology, personal values, political affiliation, gender, age and education.
公众接受度是可再生能源更广泛的社会接受度的一个重要方面。利用加拿大公民的全国性代表性调查数据集(n = 1407),我们研究了公众对三种基础设施规模的可再生能源的支持:大型水电、风力发电场和太阳能发电场。很少有研究比较多种技术的接受程度或次国家级区域的接受程度。由于能源技术的历史和当前发展水平不同,加拿大的阿尔伯塔省、不列颠哥伦比亚省、安大略省和魁北克省提供了一个独特的比较案例。在国家层面上,结果显示对这些可再生技术的强烈支持和高度熟悉,但对它们将降低温室气体排放的信念有限。在最近经历发展的省份,对风能和水力发电技术的支持水平较低。使用回归分析,我们发现对每种技术的支持受到一组不同因素的影响。重要的影响因素包括对环境和气候的关注、对技术的熟悉程度、个人价值观、政治立场、性别、年龄和教育程度。
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引用次数: 6
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Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning
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