Journal of Environmental Sciences-china最新文献_第3页

Crop-specific biogenic volatile organic compound emissions in China 中国作物特异性生物源性挥发性有机化合物排放

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.018

Ying Zhou , Jing Cao , Jianlei Lang , Huijuan Fan , Wanting Zhang , Xinyu Qu , Yadong Wang , Dongsheng Chen , Shuiyuan Cheng

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emissions from agricultural crops significantly impact atmospheric chemistry and air quality, yet detailed crop emission remains rarely quantified, restricting understanding of agroecosystems environmental effects. This study investigates the differential BVOCs emissions of crops across China by integrating growth parameters (e.g., leaf area index, phenology) with improved emission factors. The total BVOCs emissions from crops in China (2023) is 1936.8 Gg, including maize (645.3 Gg), rice (777.0 Gg), wheat (119.5 Gg), cotton (58.9 Gg), soybeans (76.5 Gg), peanuts (58.0 Gg), rape (67.7 Gg), sesame (1.6 Gg), tubers (potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava) (125.9 Gg), and hemp (6.5 Gg). Maize and rice have higher emission intensity (emissions per unit area) than wheat. This emission intensity for the same crop varies regionally. The growth periods with higher emissions is various for specific crop (e.g., maize and rice: growth periods; wheat: maturity period). The spatial distribution on both sides of the Heihe-Tengchong Line exhibited differentiation (the southeastern side: 43 % of the national land area, 92.8 % of the emissions). The spatial distribution of BVOCs emissions from various crops reflects their cultivation distribution characteristics. The monthly variation of emissions displayed a "single-peak" characteristic (64.1% in summer), and not all crops released BVOCs throughout the year. The timing of emissions varied both between crops and across regions for the same crop. Crop BVOCs emissions are predominantly oxygenated VOCs (82.5 %), with methanol as the main component. These results provide important basic data for assessing agricultural impact on ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA).

农业作物的生物源性挥发性有机化合物（BVOCs）排放显著影响大气化学和空气质量，但详细的作物排放仍然很少量化，限制了对农业生态系统环境影响的理解。本研究通过将生长参数（如叶面积指数、物候）与改善排放因子相结合，研究了中国各地作物BVOCs的差异排放。2023年中国农作物BVOCs排放总量为1936.8 Gg，包括玉米（645.3 Gg）、水稻（777.0 Gg）、小麦（119.5 Gg）、棉花（58.9 Gg）、大豆（76.5 Gg）、花生（58.0 Gg）、油菜（67.7 Gg）、芝麻（1.6 Gg）、块茎（土豆、红薯、木薯）（125.9 Gg）和大麻（6.5 Gg）。玉米和水稻的排放强度（单位面积排放量）高于小麦。同一作物的排放强度因地区而异。排放量较高的生长期因具体作物而异（例如，玉米和水稻为生长期，小麦为成熟期）。黑河—腾冲线两侧空间分布呈现分异特征（东南侧占国土面积的43%，排放量占全国总量的92.8%）。不同作物BVOCs排放的空间分布反映了其种植分布特征。排放量的月变化呈“单峰”特征（夏季为64.1%），并不是所有作物全年都释放BVOCs。对于同一种作物，不同作物之间和不同地区的排放时间各不相同。农作物挥发性有机化合物排放以含氧挥发性有机化合物为主（占82.5%），甲醇为主要成分。这些结果为评价农业对臭氧（O3）和二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的影响提供了重要的基础数据。

{"title":"Crop-specific biogenic volatile organic compound emissions in China","authors":"Ying Zhou , Jing Cao , Jianlei Lang , Huijuan Fan , Wanting Zhang , Xinyu Qu , Yadong Wang , Dongsheng Chen , Shuiyuan Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emissions from agricultural crops significantly impact atmospheric chemistry and air quality, yet detailed crop emission remains rarely quantified, restricting understanding of agroecosystems environmental effects. This study investigates the differential BVOCs emissions of crops across China by integrating growth parameters (e.g., leaf area index, phenology) with improved emission factors. The total BVOCs emissions from crops in China (2023) is 1936.8 Gg, including maize (645.3 Gg), rice (777.0 Gg), wheat (119.5 Gg), cotton (58.9 Gg), soybeans (76.5 Gg), peanuts (58.0 Gg), rape (67.7 Gg), sesame (1.6 Gg), tubers (potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava) (125.9 Gg), and hemp (6.5 Gg). Maize and rice have higher emission intensity (emissions per unit area) than wheat. This emission intensity for the same crop varies regionally. The growth periods with higher emissions is various for specific crop (e.g., maize and rice: growth periods; wheat: maturity period). The spatial distribution on both sides of the Heihe-Tengchong Line exhibited differentiation (the southeastern side: 43 % of the national land area, 92.8 % of the emissions). The spatial distribution of BVOCs emissions from various crops reflects their cultivation distribution characteristics. The monthly variation of emissions displayed a \"single-peak\" characteristic (64.1% in summer), and not all crops released BVOCs throughout the year. The timing of emissions varied both between crops and across regions for the same crop. Crop BVOCs emissions are predominantly oxygenated VOCs (82.5 %), with methanol as the main component. These results provide important basic data for assessing agricultural impact on ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 10-21"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neglected but significant: High mercury alkylation but low carbon sequestration in paddy field as revealed by soil profiles survey 被忽视但重要的是：水田土壤剖面调查揭示了高汞烷基化而低碳固存

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.016

Kaikai Fang , Yan He , Shengting Rao , Jian Wang , Jianming Xu , Jiachun Shi

The global environmental crisis caused by simultaneous increasing mercury (Hg) alkylation and organic carbon deficit has restricted the implementation of the “One Health” framework. Here, we report a neglected but significant phenomenon of high Hg alkylation but low carbon sequestration in paddy field through soil profiles survey deep to the parent material horizon (defined as deepsoil). We found that ratios of Hg methylation and ethylation were increased by 69.0 % and 64.2 % in deepsoil compared to that in topsoil (P < 0.05). This inhibition of Hg alkylation in topsoil is likely regulated by Nitrosomonadaceae (enriched by 64.9 % vs. deepsoil), which harbors the merA gene (Hg demethylation marker). Furthermore, through deciphering molecular level of dissolved organic matter, we found the content of labile carbon increased by 12.7 %, compared to those in topsoil. Conversely, in deepsoil, labile carbon (e.g., carbohydrates) enriches Spirochaetaceae (abundance +69.2 %, carrying the hgcA gene for Hg methylation), thereby facilitating Hg alkylation. This microbial shift enhanced Hg alkylation in deepsoil relative to topsoil. In summary, this study bridges human health, microbial ecology, and climate resilience (carbon storage) within the “One Health” paradigm, revealing depth-dependent mechanisms that reconcile soil Hg remediation with carbon management for sustainable agroecosystems.

汞（Hg）烷基化同时增加和有机碳赤字造成的全球环境危机限制了“一个健康”框架的实施。在此，我们通过深入到母质层（定义为深土）的土壤剖面调查，报告了水田中汞高烷基化低碳固碳的一个被忽视但重要的现象。结果表明，与表层相比，深层土壤中汞甲基化和乙基化的比例分别提高了69.0%和64.2% （P < 0.05）。表土对汞烷基化的抑制作用可能受亚硝酸索菌科（Nitrosomonadaceae）的调控，亚硝酸索菌科含有merA基因（汞去甲基化标记）。此外，通过对溶解有机质分子水平的解读，我们发现土壤中挥发性碳的含量比表层土壤增加了12.7%。相反，在深层土壤中，活络碳（如碳水化合物）富集螺旋藻科植物（丰度+ 69.2%，携带Hg甲基化hgcA基因），从而促进Hg的烷基化。相对于表层土壤，这种微生物迁移促进了深层土壤中汞的烷基化。总之，本研究将人类健康、微生物生态和气候适应能力（碳储存）联系在一起，揭示了土壤汞修复与可持续农业生态系统碳管理之间的深度依赖机制。

{"title":"Neglected but significant: High mercury alkylation but low carbon sequestration in paddy field as revealed by soil profiles survey","authors":"Kaikai Fang , Yan He , Shengting Rao , Jian Wang , Jianming Xu , Jiachun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global environmental crisis caused by simultaneous increasing mercury (Hg) alkylation and organic carbon deficit has restricted the implementation of the “One Health” framework. Here, we report a neglected but significant phenomenon of high Hg alkylation but low carbon sequestration in paddy field through soil profiles survey deep to the parent material horizon (defined as deepsoil). We found that ratios of Hg methylation and ethylation were increased by 69.0 % and 64.2 % in deepsoil compared to that in topsoil (<em>P</em> < 0.05). This inhibition of Hg alkylation in topsoil is likely regulated by Nitrosomonadaceae (enriched by 64.9 % vs. deepsoil), which harbors the merA gene (Hg demethylation marker). Furthermore, through deciphering molecular level of dissolved organic matter, we found the content of labile carbon increased by 12.7 %, compared to those in topsoil. Conversely, in deepsoil, labile carbon (e.g., carbohydrates) enriches Spirochaetaceae (abundance +69.2 %, carrying the hgcA gene for Hg methylation), thereby facilitating Hg alkylation. This microbial shift enhanced Hg alkylation in deepsoil relative to topsoil. In summary, this study bridges human health, microbial ecology, and climate resilience (carbon storage) within the “One Health” paradigm, revealing depth-dependent mechanisms that reconcile soil Hg remediation with carbon management for sustainable agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pyrite-based mixotrophic denitrification promoted nitrogen removal from actual secondary effluent in natural aerobic environments: Particle-size optimization and microbial synergism 在自然好氧环境中，以黄铁矿为基础的混合营养反硝化促进了实际二级出水的氮去除：粒径优化和微生物协同作用

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.039

Yanbo Jiang , Minlong Li , Xiaona Zheng , Song Liu , Xingcan Feng , Yuntao Guan

Implementing advanced nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants has emerged as a critical strategy to comply with tightening global nitrogen discharge mandates. To achieve advanced nitrogen removal under low-carbon treatment conditions, pyrite-based mixotrophic denitrification (PMD) demonstrates promising application prospects. However, existing research predominantly focuses on synthetic wastewater in laboratory settings, with insufficient attention to practical applications using complex real wastewater. This study investigated PMD treating actual secondary effluent (TN: 16–25 mg/L) from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant under natural aerobic conditions. Through optimized pyrite particle size (1.2–2.4 mm) and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N = 3:1), PMD achieved 90.8 % TN removal efficiency with effluent TN < 2 mg/L, meeting stringent discharge standards. Under optimized conditions, oxygen boosted S²⁻/Fe²⁺ release from pyrite. The 1.2–2.4 mm particles created micro-aerobic and micro-anaerobic niches, which facilitated synergistic symbiosis between autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifiers. This microbial collaboration endowed the system with enhanced denitrification performance and improved filtration characteristics. The dominant bacterial genera in optimal conditions were unclassified_f_Rhodocyclaceae (22.4 %), unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae (16.3 %), and Thauera (5.9 %), while nirK-type denitrifying bacteria dominated the denitrification in this system. This research offers valuable recommendations for developing an energy-efficient and low-carbon advanced nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment facilities.

在污水处理厂实施先进的氮去除已成为一项关键战略，以满足日益严格的全球氮排放要求。为了在低碳处理条件下实现深度脱氮，黄铁矿基混合营养反硝化（PMD）具有广阔的应用前景。然而，现有的研究主要集中在实验室环境下的合成废水，对复杂真实废水的实际应用关注不足。本研究考察了PMD在自然好氧条件下处理污水处理厂实际二级出水（TN: 16-25 mg/L）的情况。通过优化黄铁矿粒径（1.2 ~ 2.4 mm）和碳氮比（C/N = 3:1）， PMD对TN的去除率达到90.8%，出水TN≤2 mg/L，达到严格的排放标准。在优化的条件下，氧促进了硫铁矿中S²⁻/Fe²⁺的释放。1.2 ~ 2.4 mm颗粒形成了微好氧和微厌氧生态位，促进了自养和异养反硝化菌之间的协同共生。这种微生物协作赋予系统增强的反硝化性能和改进的过滤特性。最优条件下的优势菌属为unclassified_f_Rhodocyclaceae（22.4%）、unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae（16.3%）和Thauera(5.9%)，而nirk型反硝化菌在该系统中反硝化作用占主导地位。本研究为开发高效、低碳的污水处理设施高级脱氮工艺提供了有价值的建议。

{"title":"Pyrite-based mixotrophic denitrification promoted nitrogen removal from actual secondary effluent in natural aerobic environments: Particle-size optimization and microbial synergism","authors":"Yanbo Jiang , Minlong Li , Xiaona Zheng , Song Liu , Xingcan Feng , Yuntao Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Implementing advanced nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants has emerged as a critical strategy to comply with tightening global nitrogen discharge mandates. To achieve advanced nitrogen removal under low-carbon treatment conditions, pyrite-based mixotrophic denitrification (PMD) demonstrates promising application prospects. However, existing research predominantly focuses on synthetic wastewater in laboratory settings, with insufficient attention to practical applications using complex real wastewater. This study investigated PMD treating actual secondary effluent (TN: 16–25 mg/L) from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant under natural aerobic conditions. Through optimized pyrite particle size (1.2–2.4 mm) and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N = 3:1), PMD achieved 90.8 % TN removal efficiency with effluent TN < 2 mg/L, meeting stringent discharge standards. Under optimized conditions, oxygen boosted S²⁻/Fe²⁺ release from pyrite. The 1.2–2.4 mm particles created micro-aerobic and micro-anaerobic niches, which facilitated synergistic symbiosis between autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifiers. This microbial collaboration endowed the system with enhanced denitrification performance and improved filtration characteristics. The dominant bacterial genera in optimal conditions were <em>unclassified_f_Rhodocyclaceae</em> (22.4 %), <em>unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae</em> (16.3 %), and <em>Thauera</em> (5.9 %), while <em>nirK</em>-type denitrifying bacteria dominated the denitrification in this system. This research offers valuable recommendations for developing an energy-efficient and low-carbon advanced nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 221-230"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles accelerated neuronal cell death in xenoferroptosis-susceptible cells 暴露于柴油废气颗粒加速神经细胞死亡的异种嗜氧易感细胞

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.036

Hong Yan , Leshan Zhang , Daan P. Bergsma , Phoeja S. Gadjdjoe , Alessandra Tosato , Mohammad S. Rahman , Kristel Mulder , Joelle van Trigt , Karim Rafie , Christina H.T.J. Mol-van der Veen , Remco H.S. Westerink , Flemming R. Cassee , Martina Schmidt , Amalia M. Dolga

Air pollution is a public health concern and has amongst others been associated with the development or aggravation of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying biological pathways remain poorly defined. Ferroptosis, a cell death dependent on lipid peroxidation, is associated with aging and the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to particulate matter (PM)-diesel exhaust particles (DEP), biodiesel exhaust particles (BioDEP), and black carbon (BC)-could affect neuronal survival in conditions of increased vulnerability to ferroptotic cell death. Applying low PM concentrations up to 100 μg/mL to mouse hippocampal (HT22) neuronal cells did not induce substantial cell death. However, a combined exposure (or stimulation) of ferroptotic pathway inducers (glutamate, erastin, and RAS-selective lethal small molecule 3 (RSL3)) decreased neuronal cell survival with PM. As studied in detail for DEP, the combined challenge led to impaired cell metabolism, increased lipid peroxidation, calcium deregulation, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and fragmentation, and led to xenoferroptotic cell death. Our findings suggest that PM in combination with a ferroptotic pathway inducer can accelerate neuronal cell death, increasing the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases in ferroptosis-susceptible cells.

空气污染是一个公共卫生问题，除其他外，它与神经退行性疾病的发展或恶化有关。然而，潜在的生物学途径仍然不明确。铁下垂是一种依赖于脂质过氧化的细胞死亡，与衰老和神经退行性疾病的病理有关。在这项研究中，我们研究了暴露于颗粒物(PM)-柴油废气颗粒（DEP），生物柴油废气颗粒（BioDEP）和黑碳(BC)-是否会影响在易受铁致细胞死亡的条件下的神经元存活。向小鼠海马（HT22）神经元细胞施加高达100 μg/mL的低浓度PM未诱导大量细胞死亡。然而，联合暴露（或刺激）嗜铁途径诱导剂（谷氨酸、erastin和ras选择性致死小分子3 (RSL3)）会降低PM的神经元细胞存活率。正如对DEP的详细研究，联合挑战导致细胞代谢受损，脂质过氧化增加，钙失调，线粒体活性氧（ROS）产生和分裂，并导致异源性细胞死亡。我们的研究结果表明，PM与一种嗜铁途径诱导剂联合可加速神经元细胞死亡，增加嗜铁易感细胞神经退行性疾病的病理。

{"title":"Exposure to diesel exhaust particles accelerated neuronal cell death in xenoferroptosis-susceptible cells","authors":"Hong Yan , Leshan Zhang , Daan P. Bergsma , Phoeja S. Gadjdjoe , Alessandra Tosato , Mohammad S. Rahman , Kristel Mulder , Joelle van Trigt , Karim Rafie , Christina H.T.J. Mol-van der Veen , Remco H.S. Westerink , Flemming R. Cassee , Martina Schmidt , Amalia M. Dolga","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution is a public health concern and has amongst others been associated with the development or aggravation of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying biological pathways remain poorly defined. Ferroptosis, a cell death dependent on lipid peroxidation, is associated with aging and the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to particulate matter (PM)-diesel exhaust particles (DEP), biodiesel exhaust particles (BioDEP), and black carbon (BC)-could affect neuronal survival in conditions of increased vulnerability to ferroptotic cell death. Applying low PM concentrations up to 100 μg/mL to mouse hippocampal (HT22) neuronal cells did not induce substantial cell death. However, a combined exposure (or stimulation) of ferroptotic pathway inducers (glutamate, erastin, and RAS-selective lethal small molecule 3 (RSL3)) decreased neuronal cell survival with PM. As studied in detail for DEP, the combined challenge led to impaired cell metabolism, increased lipid peroxidation, calcium deregulation, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and fragmentation, and led to xenoferroptotic cell death. Our findings suggest that PM in combination with a ferroptotic pathway inducer can accelerate neuronal cell death, increasing the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases in ferroptosis-susceptible cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 22-36"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phytotoxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A on rice and measure for toxicity alleviation 四溴双酚A对水稻的植物毒性及其缓解措施

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.013

Qiaozhen Wu , Linfeng Wei , Chuanji Zhong , Xingwang Hou , Weifang Chen , Suning Jiao , Jiyan Liu , Guibin Jiang

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a widely used brominated flame retardant, is bioaccumulative and tends to accumulate in organisms, leading to potential toxic effects. Although extensive studies have been conducted on TBBPA's toxicity to animals, its effects and mechanisms in plants, the primary producers in ecosystems, are still unclear. Investigating the phytotoxicity of TBBPA is crucial for assessing environmental risks and potential human health impacts. Therefore, in this study, rice seedlings were hydroponically exposed to TBBPA at four concentrations (5–5000 µg/L) that are environmentally relevant or slightly higher than environmental levels for 7 days. Physiological parameters, oxidative stress markers, nutrient uptake and special distributions were analyzed. TBBPA significantly impacted on the nutrient uptake and rice growth at low exposure concentrations. Some indicators, such as the pigment contents, showed low-dose stimulatory effect as the alleviation measures of plant themselves. At high exposure concentrations (5000 µg/L), visible rust spots on shoots, severe oxidative damage to roots (the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was 284 % higher than blank group), and disrupted nutrient contents (K, P, B) in both roots and shoots were observed. Phosphorus supplementation effectively mitigated these toxic effects, restoring leaf condition and nutrient uptake. After phosphorus supplementation, P, Ca, Zn, Fe, and Cu showed significant increases by 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.6, and 2 folds, respectively. Our study deepens the understanding of plant responses to TBBPA and offers an effective strategy to manage TBBPA contamination in agricultural systems and safeguarding environmental and public health.

四溴双酚A （TBBPA）是一种广泛使用的溴化阻燃剂，具有生物蓄积性，易于在生物体中积累，导致潜在的毒性作用。虽然已经对TBBPA对动物的毒性进行了广泛的研究，但其对生态系统中主要生产者植物的影响和机制仍不清楚。研究TBBPA的植物毒性对于评估环境风险和潜在的人类健康影响至关重要。因此，在本研究中，水稻幼苗以与环境相关或略高于环境水平的4种浓度（5-5000µg/L）水培暴露于TBBPA 7天。分析各组生理参数、氧化应激指标、营养吸收及特殊分布。低暴露浓度下，TBBPA显著影响水稻的养分吸收和生长。一些指标，如色素含量，表现出低剂量的刺激作用，作为植物自身的缓解措施。高暴露浓度（5000µg/L）下，茎部出现明显锈斑，根部受到严重氧化损伤（丙二醛（MDA）含量比空白组高284%），根和茎部营养物质（K、P、B）含量被破坏。补磷能有效减轻这些毒性作用，恢复叶片状态和养分吸收。补磷后，P、Ca、Zn、Fe和Cu分别显著提高了1倍、0.8倍、0.6倍、0.6倍和2倍。我们的研究加深了对植物对TBBPA反应的理解，并为管理农业系统中的TBBPA污染以及保护环境和公众健康提供了有效的策略。

{"title":"Phytotoxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A on rice and measure for toxicity alleviation","authors":"Qiaozhen Wu , Linfeng Wei , Chuanji Zhong , Xingwang Hou , Weifang Chen , Suning Jiao , Jiyan Liu , Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a widely used brominated flame retardant, is bioaccumulative and tends to accumulate in organisms, leading to potential toxic effects. Although extensive studies have been conducted on TBBPA's toxicity to animals, its effects and mechanisms in plants, the primary producers in ecosystems, are still unclear. Investigating the phytotoxicity of TBBPA is crucial for assessing environmental risks and potential human health impacts. Therefore, in this study, rice seedlings were hydroponically exposed to TBBPA at four concentrations (5–5000 µg/L) that are environmentally relevant or slightly higher than environmental levels for 7 days. Physiological parameters, oxidative stress markers, nutrient uptake and special distributions were analyzed. TBBPA significantly impacted on the nutrient uptake and rice growth at low exposure concentrations. Some indicators, such as the pigment contents, showed low-dose stimulatory effect as the alleviation measures of plant themselves. At high exposure concentrations (5000 µg/L), visible rust spots on shoots, severe oxidative damage to roots (the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was 284 % higher than blank group), and disrupted nutrient contents (K, P, B) in both roots and shoots were observed. Phosphorus supplementation effectively mitigated these toxic effects, restoring leaf condition and nutrient uptake. After phosphorus supplementation, P, Ca, Zn, Fe, and Cu showed significant increases by 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.6, and 2 folds, respectively. Our study deepens the understanding of plant responses to TBBPA and offers an effective strategy to manage TBBPA contamination in agricultural systems and safeguarding environmental and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 677-686"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the cellular heterogeneity and distinct responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) gut to nitrate pollution 单细胞转录组分析揭示了大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）肠道对硝酸盐污染的细胞异质性和不同的反应

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.034

Jiachen Yu , Suyue Zhou , Zhuo Shen , Anxin Shi , Honglu Guo , Jingchao He , Bo Qin , Xingqiang Wang

Nitrate pollution in aquatic ecosystems has gained worldwide attention, making fish intestines especially vulnerable to nitrate exposure. Despite this, the patterns of cellular heterogeneity in fish intestines in response to nitrate exposure are not yet fully understood. To address this gap, we investigated the varied responses of different cell populations in the intestines of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) following 30-day exposure to nitrate at a concentration of 200 mg/L NO₃-N. Our findings revealed that, among the 16 identified cell types, enterocytes, T lymphocytes (TLCs), and fibroblasts were the primary target populations exhibiting specific responses to nitrate. Nitrate exposure significantly reduced the population of enterocytes by over 10 % and disrupted metabolic pathways in these cells. The proportion of TLCs increased 1.31-fold by nitrate, resulting in the activation of the immune pathways. Wound-healing fibroblasts (WHF) drive nitrate-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling as a key fibroblast subtype, with linked ECM-receptor/TNF/TGF-β pathways potentially mediating intestinal defense. Nitrate impacted cell-cell communication among enterocytes and target cells, highlighting the varied responses of intestinal cells to exposure. Furthermore, nitrate increased communication probability in ligand/receptor pairs linked to junctional adhesion molecule (JAM), Ephrin type A receptor (EPHA), and collagen pathways, indicating enhanced cell adhesion and ECM homeostasis. This study provides the first look at the intestinal landscape and diverse cellular responses in turbot after nitrate exposure, offering insights into nitrate toxicity and management in aquatic ecosystems.

水生生态系统中的硝酸盐污染已经引起了全世界的关注，鱼类肠道尤其容易受到硝酸盐的影响。尽管如此，鱼类肠道中细胞异质性对硝酸盐暴露的反应模式尚未完全了解。为了解决这一空白，我们研究了大比目鱼（Scophthalmus maximus）肠道中不同细胞群在暴露于浓度为200 mg/L NO3-N的硝酸盐30天后的不同反应。我们的研究结果显示，在16种鉴定的细胞类型中，肠细胞、T淋巴细胞（TLCs）和成纤维细胞是对硝酸盐表现出特异性反应的主要靶细胞群。硝酸盐暴露使肠细胞数量显著减少10%以上，并破坏了这些细胞的代谢途径。硝酸使TLCs的比例增加了1.31倍，激活了免疫通路。伤口愈合成纤维细胞（WHF）驱动硝酸盐诱导的细胞外基质（ECM）重塑，是一种关键的成纤维细胞亚型，与ECM受体/TNF/TGF-β通路相关，可能介导肠道防御。硝酸盐影响肠细胞和靶细胞之间的细胞间通讯，突出了肠细胞对暴露的不同反应。此外，硝酸盐增加了连接连接粘附分子（JAM）、Ephrin A型受体（EPHA）和胶原通路的配体/受体对的通信概率，表明细胞粘附和ECM稳态增强。本研究首次观察了大比目鱼在硝酸盐暴露后的肠道景观和不同细胞反应，为水生生态系统中硝酸盐的毒性和管理提供了见解。

{"title":"Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the cellular heterogeneity and distinct responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) gut to nitrate pollution","authors":"Jiachen Yu , Suyue Zhou , Zhuo Shen , Anxin Shi , Honglu Guo , Jingchao He , Bo Qin , Xingqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate pollution in aquatic ecosystems has gained worldwide attention, making fish intestines especially vulnerable to nitrate exposure. Despite this, the patterns of cellular heterogeneity in fish intestines in response to nitrate exposure are not yet fully understood. To address this gap, we investigated the varied responses of different cell populations in the intestines of turbot (<em>Scophthalmus maximus</em>) following 30-day exposure to nitrate at a concentration of 200 mg/L NO<sub>3</sub>-N. Our findings revealed that, among the 16 identified cell types, enterocytes, T lymphocytes (TLCs), and fibroblasts were the primary target populations exhibiting specific responses to nitrate. Nitrate exposure significantly reduced the population of enterocytes by over 10 % and disrupted metabolic pathways in these cells. The proportion of TLCs increased 1.31-fold by nitrate, resulting in the activation of the immune pathways. Wound-healing fibroblasts (WHF) drive nitrate-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling as a key fibroblast subtype, with linked ECM-receptor/TNF/TGF-β pathways potentially mediating intestinal defense. Nitrate impacted cell-cell communication among enterocytes and target cells, highlighting the varied responses of intestinal cells to exposure. Furthermore, nitrate increased communication probability in ligand/receptor pairs linked to junctional adhesion molecule (JAM), Ephrin type A receptor (EPHA), and collagen pathways, indicating enhanced cell adhesion and ECM homeostasis. This study provides the first look at the intestinal landscape and diverse cellular responses in turbot after nitrate exposure, offering insights into nitrate toxicity and management in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 623-636"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen-dependent conformation change of hemoglobin modulates methylmercury binding 血红蛋白氧依赖性构象改变调节甲基汞结合

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.055

Tian Tian , Fan Wu , Zhenyu Li , Xiaoyin Yang , Huiming Cao , Lufeng Chen , Mengxi Cao , Yongguang Yin , Ligang Hu , Yong Liang

Methylmercury is a highly toxic that accumulates through the food chain, posing significant health risk to humans, particularly via fish consumption. Methylmercury bioaccumulation in fish is regulated by the ingestion from the environment and food sources and subsequent transport and distribution inside the fish body, with studies lacking for the latter. Hemoglobin is considered one of the key proteins that bind and transport methylmercury in organisms. Due to the function of transporting oxygen, hemoglobin’s conformation is closely linked to oxygen content. However, there is limited study on the impact of oxygen content on the binding of methylmercury to hemoglobin. Herein, techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, PyMOL visualization system, and molecular docking were employed to explore the effects of oxygen content on binding of methylmercury to hemoglobin. Significantly lower amounts of methylmercury bound to hemoglobin under hypoxic conditions were measured compared to normoxic conditions, suggesting a reduction in binding capacity. Stern-Volmer fitting and isothermal titration calorimetry results showed that binding of methylmercury to hemoglobin under normoxic condition was more spontaneously than that under hypoxic condition. Finally, circular dichroism spectroscopy, PyMOL’s built-in solvent accessible surface area calculation, and molecular docking indicated that conformation changes occurred in hemoglobin which affected binding capacity of methylmercury to hemoglobin under different oxygen conditions. These findings revealed the effects of oxygen content on hemoglobin-methylmercury binding, providing an insight into the transport, distribution, and toxicity of methylmercury in organisms and a new perspective on studying methylmercury accumulation under varying oxygen conditions.

甲基汞是一种通过食物链积累的剧毒物质，对人类构成重大健康风险，特别是通过食用鱼类。甲基汞在鱼类体内的生物积累受环境和食物来源的摄入以及随后在鱼类体内的运输和分布的调节，但缺乏对后者的研究。血红蛋白被认为是生物体内结合和运输甲基汞的关键蛋白之一。由于具有运输氧气的功能，血红蛋白的构象与含氧量密切相关。然而，关于氧含量对甲基汞与血红蛋白结合的影响的研究有限。本文采用荧光光谱、等温滴定量热法、圆二色光谱、PyMOL可视化系统、分子对接等技术，探讨氧含量对甲基汞与血红蛋白结合的影响。与常氧条件相比，在缺氧条件下，甲基汞与血红蛋白的结合量显著降低，表明结合能力降低。Stern-Volmer拟合和等温滴定量热结果表明，在常氧条件下甲基汞与血红蛋白的结合比在缺氧条件下更为自发。最后，通过圆二色光谱、PyMOL自带的溶剂可达表面积计算和分子对接表明，在不同氧条件下，血红蛋白中会发生构象变化，影响甲基汞与血红蛋白的结合能力。这些发现揭示了氧含量对血红蛋白-甲基汞结合的影响，为甲基汞在生物体内的运输、分布和毒性提供了新的视角，并为研究不同氧条件下甲基汞的积累提供了新的视角。

{"title":"Oxygen-dependent conformation change of hemoglobin modulates methylmercury binding","authors":"Tian Tian , Fan Wu , Zhenyu Li , Xiaoyin Yang , Huiming Cao , Lufeng Chen , Mengxi Cao , Yongguang Yin , Ligang Hu , Yong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methylmercury is a highly toxic that accumulates through the food chain, posing significant health risk to humans, particularly via fish consumption. Methylmercury bioaccumulation in fish is regulated by the ingestion from the environment and food sources and subsequent transport and distribution inside the fish body, with studies lacking for the latter. Hemoglobin is considered one of the key proteins that bind and transport methylmercury in organisms. Due to the function of transporting oxygen, hemoglobin’s conformation is closely linked to oxygen content. However, there is limited study on the impact of oxygen content on the binding of methylmercury to hemoglobin. Herein, techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, PyMOL visualization system, and molecular docking were employed to explore the effects of oxygen content on binding of methylmercury to hemoglobin. Significantly lower amounts of methylmercury bound to hemoglobin under hypoxic conditions were measured compared to normoxic conditions, suggesting a reduction in binding capacity. Stern-Volmer fitting and isothermal titration calorimetry results showed that binding of methylmercury to hemoglobin under normoxic condition was more spontaneously than that under hypoxic condition. Finally, circular dichroism spectroscopy, PyMOL’s built-in solvent accessible surface area calculation, and molecular docking indicated that conformation changes occurred in hemoglobin which affected binding capacity of methylmercury to hemoglobin under different oxygen conditions. These findings revealed the effects of oxygen content on hemoglobin-methylmercury binding, providing an insight into the transport, distribution, and toxicity of methylmercury in organisms and a new perspective on studying methylmercury accumulation under varying oxygen conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 731-740"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of energy consumption and emissions characteristics of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) under various real-world driving conditions 插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）在不同实际工况下的能耗和排放特性分析

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.033

Jun Woo Jeong , Gwangryeol Lee , Juho Lee , Seungchul Woo , Namwook Kim , Kihyung Lee

The transportation sector's reliance on internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles contributes significantly to energy consumption and environmental degradation. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) present a viable alternative by combining electric propulsion with ICE capabilities to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. This study evaluates the energy consumption and emission characteristics of PHEVs under diverse real-world driving conditions, focusing on charge-depleting (CD) and charge-sustaining (CS) modes. Using chassis dynamometer (5-cycle, WLTC under varying temperatures) and real driving emissions (RDE) tests, the study reveals that CD mode offers superior efficiency in urban driving due to regenerative braking, while CS mode performs better under high-speed or low-temperature conditions. Notably, energy consumption in CS mode was approximately 2.98 times higher than in CD mode during urban RDE tests. Cold start conditions significantly increased emissions and delayed catalyst activation by 100–150 s. Furthermore, maintaining battery state of charge (SOC) at 60 % in CS mode achieved the highest efficiency across urban and motorway scenarios. These findings suggest that adaptive integration of CD and CS modes, optimal SOC management, and mitigation of cold start effects are essential for improving PHEV efficiency and sustainability.

交通运输部门对内燃机（ICE）车辆的依赖大大增加了能源消耗和环境恶化。插电式混合动力汽车（phev）通过将电力推进与内燃机相结合，提供了一种可行的替代方案，以提高燃油效率并减少排放。本研究评估了插电式混合动力汽车在多种现实驾驶条件下的能耗和排放特性，重点研究了充电耗尽（CD）和充电保持（CS）模式。通过底盘测功机（5循环，不同温度下的WLTC）和实际驾驶排放（RDE）测试，研究表明，由于再生制动，CD模式在城市驾驶中具有卓越的效率，而CS模式在高速或低温条件下表现更好。值得注意的是，在城市RDE测试中，CS模式的能耗大约是CD模式的2.98倍。冷启动条件显著增加了排放，并使催化剂活化延迟了100-150秒。此外，在CS模式下将电池充电状态（SOC）保持在60%，在城市和高速公路场景中实现了最高效率。这些结果表明，CD和CS模式的自适应集成、优化SOC管理和缓解冷启动效应对于提高插电式混合动力汽车的效率和可持续性至关重要。

{"title":"Analysis of energy consumption and emissions characteristics of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) under various real-world driving conditions","authors":"Jun Woo Jeong , Gwangryeol Lee , Juho Lee , Seungchul Woo , Namwook Kim , Kihyung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transportation sector's reliance on internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles contributes significantly to energy consumption and environmental degradation. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) present a viable alternative by combining electric propulsion with ICE capabilities to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. This study evaluates the energy consumption and emission characteristics of PHEVs under diverse real-world driving conditions, focusing on charge-depleting (CD) and charge-sustaining (CS) modes. Using chassis dynamometer (5-cycle, WLTC under varying temperatures) and real driving emissions (RDE) tests, the study reveals that CD mode offers superior efficiency in urban driving due to regenerative braking, while CS mode performs better under high-speed or low-temperature conditions. Notably, energy consumption in CS mode was approximately 2.98 times higher than in CD mode during urban RDE tests. Cold start conditions significantly increased emissions and delayed catalyst activation by 100–150 s. Furthermore, maintaining battery state of charge (SOC) at 60 % in CS mode achieved the highest efficiency across urban and motorway scenarios. These findings suggest that adaptive integration of CD and CS modes, optimal SOC management, and mitigation of cold start effects are essential for improving PHEV efficiency and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 566-574"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Particulate matter exposure negatively affects the cancer immunosurveillance through PD-L1 upregulation and dendritic cell maturation suppression 颗粒物暴露通过PD-L1上调和树突状细胞成熟抑制对肿瘤免疫监测产生负面影响

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.069

Aussara Panya , Yupanun Wutti-in , Chutamas Thepmalee , Nuttipon Yabueng , Somporn Chantara , Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong , Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai , Preeyanat Vongchan , Phennapha Klangsinsirikul

The relationship between particulate matter (PM) pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence has been well established. However, the association between PM exposure and immunosurveillance, which indirectly controls tumor growth and progression, remains limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of urban particulate matter (UPM) on modulating the cancer microenvironment, particularly its impact on immunosurveillance functions. Exposure of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 and NCI-H1975, to UPM induced the expression of the immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, UPM exposure upregulated the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), an immunosuppressive cytokine. The alteration in the cytokine profile upon UPM exposure impaired dendritic cell maturation, as evidenced by the retention of the CD14 monocyte marker after monocytes were exposed to UPM-treated cancer cell supernatant during the maturation process. Autologous T cells activated by UPM-treated dendritic cells exhibited reduced anti-tumor activity compared to those activated by untreated dendritic cells. This was demonstrated by the lower cancer cell death observed in cancer-T cell co-culture assays. However, there were no significant changes in immune cell populations, including CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes, and CD3-negative cells, between the UPM-treated dendritic cell group and the conventional dendritic cell group. This suggests that UPM affects immune function primarily in terms of quality rather than quantity. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PM exposure promotes cancer progression by altering the tumor microenvironment and impairing immunosurveillance function.

颗粒物（PM）污染暴露与肺癌发病率之间的关系已经得到了很好的证实。然而，PM暴露与间接控制肿瘤生长和进展的免疫监视之间的联系仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们研究了城市颗粒物（UPM）对癌症微环境的调节作用，特别是其对免疫监测功能的影响。非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）细胞系A549和NCI-H1975暴露于UPM诱导免疫检查点分子程序性细胞死亡配体1 （PD-L1）以剂量依赖性的方式表达。此外，UPM暴露上调了转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)的mRNA表达，TGF-β是一种免疫抑制细胞因子。在树突状细胞成熟过程中，单核细胞暴露于UPM处理的癌细胞上清后，CD14单核细胞标记物的保留证明了UPM暴露后细胞因子谱的改变会损害树突状细胞的成熟。与未经处理的树突状细胞相比，经upm处理的树突状细胞激活的自体T细胞抗肿瘤活性降低。在肿瘤- t细胞共培养试验中观察到较低的癌细胞死亡率证明了这一点。然而，免疫细胞群，包括CD4+ T淋巴细胞、CD8+ T淋巴细胞和cd3阴性细胞，在upm处理的树突状细胞组和常规树突状细胞组之间没有显著变化。这表明UPM主要是在质量而不是数量上影响免疫功能。总之，我们的研究结果表明，PM暴露通过改变肿瘤微环境和损害免疫监视功能来促进癌症进展。

{"title":"Particulate matter exposure negatively affects the cancer immunosurveillance through PD-L1 upregulation and dendritic cell maturation suppression","authors":"Aussara Panya , Yupanun Wutti-in , Chutamas Thepmalee , Nuttipon Yabueng , Somporn Chantara , Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong , Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai , Preeyanat Vongchan , Phennapha Klangsinsirikul","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between particulate matter (PM) pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence has been well established. However, the association between PM exposure and immunosurveillance, which indirectly controls tumor growth and progression, remains limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of urban particulate matter (UPM) on modulating the cancer microenvironment, particularly its impact on immunosurveillance functions. Exposure of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 and NCI-H1975, to UPM induced the expression of the immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, UPM exposure upregulated the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), an immunosuppressive cytokine. The alteration in the cytokine profile upon UPM exposure impaired dendritic cell maturation, as evidenced by the retention of the CD14 monocyte marker after monocytes were exposed to UPM-treated cancer cell supernatant during the maturation process. Autologous T cells activated by UPM-treated dendritic cells exhibited reduced anti-tumor activity compared to those activated by untreated dendritic cells. This was demonstrated by the lower cancer cell death observed in cancer-T cell co-culture assays. However, there were no significant changes in immune cell populations, including CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes, and CD3-negative cells, between the UPM-treated dendritic cell group and the conventional dendritic cell group. This suggests that UPM affects immune function primarily in terms of quality rather than quantity. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PM exposure promotes cancer progression by altering the tumor microenvironment and impairing immunosurveillance function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 584-595"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Embedding Bi sandwich structure Bi2O3/Bi/TiO2 photocatalyst for enhancing the durable degradation of toluene 包埋Bi夹层结构Bi2O3/Bi/TiO2光催化剂增强甲苯的持久降解

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.025

Liuhan Guo , Hehua Liao , Shitong Han , Dongmiao Li , Bing Wang , Jinni Shen , Wenxin Dai , Xuxu Wang , Zizhong Zhang , Hailing Xi

Sustainable photocatalysis exhibits a significant potential for the degradation of low concentration volatile organics. However, the low carrier separation efficiency and rapid deactivation caused by toxic intermediates accumulation is great challenging for the development of an efficient photocatalyst. Herein, we fabricated a type II heterojunction Bi₂O₃/Bi/TiO₂ with interfacially embedding Bi sandwich structure. The Bi₂O₃/Bi/TiO₂ photocatalyst exhibited excellent activity and stability, maintaining 80 % toluene degradation efficiency in a continuous flow reaction system, compared to only 45 % degradation rate and quick deactivation over the pure TiO₂. The electron-withdrawing effect of Bi embedding facilitated electron transport to enhance the charge carrier separation of heterojunction photocatalyst, and ensured the sustained generation of •OH and •O₂⁻ for efficiently durable toluene degradation. This study provided an innovative approach for the development of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts.

可持续光催化在降解低浓度挥发性有机物方面显示出巨大的潜力。然而，载体分离效率低和有毒中间体积累导致的快速失活是开发高效光催化剂的一大挑战。本文制备了具有界面嵌入Bi夹层结构的II型异质结Bi2O3/Bi/TiO2。Bi2O3/Bi/TiO2光催化剂表现出优异的活性和稳定性，在连续流动反应体系中保持80%的甲苯降解效率，而纯TiO2只有45%的降解率和快速失活。Bi包埋的吸电子效应促进了电子传递，增强了异质结光催化剂的载流子分离，保证了•OH和•O2−的持续生成，从而高效持久地降解甲苯。本研究为开发高效稳定的光催化剂提供了一条创新途径。

{"title":"Embedding Bi sandwich structure Bi2O3/Bi/TiO2 photocatalyst for enhancing the durable degradation of toluene","authors":"Liuhan Guo , Hehua Liao , Shitong Han , Dongmiao Li , Bing Wang , Jinni Shen , Wenxin Dai , Xuxu Wang , Zizhong Zhang , Hailing Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.06.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable photocatalysis exhibits a significant potential for the degradation of low concentration volatile organics. However, the low carrier separation efficiency and rapid deactivation caused by toxic intermediates accumulation is great challenging for the development of an efficient photocatalyst. Herein, we fabricated a type II heterojunction Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Bi/TiO<sub>2</sub> with interfacially embedding Bi sandwich structure. The Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Bi/TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst exhibited excellent activity and stability, maintaining 80 % toluene degradation efficiency in a continuous flow reaction system, compared to only 45 % degradation rate and quick deactivation over the pure TiO<sub>2</sub>. The electron-withdrawing effect of Bi embedding facilitated electron transport to enhance the charge carrier separation of heterojunction photocatalyst, and ensured the sustained generation of •OH and •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> for efficiently durable toluene degradation. This study provided an innovative approach for the development of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0