Journal of Environmental Sciences-china最新文献_第5页

Occurrence and characteristics of organochlorine pesticides from soils due to permafrost thaw slumping on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau 青藏高原冻土融化滑坡土壤中有机氯农药的赋存特征

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.062

Xiaoyue Zhang , Lili Yang , Shiwei Sun , Shichang Kang , Junming Guo , Chenyan Zhao , Qingyu Guo , Minghui Zheng , Guorui Liu

The degradation of permafrost on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) due to climate warming poses a significant risk for re-emitting previously trapped persistent organic pollutants (POPs) into the environment. This study focuses on the distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the active layer soils in permafrost thaw slumping areas. Soil samples were collected from different thaw slumping stages, including the control, margin, drape, raft, and exposed zones (abbreviated as CT, MG, DP, RF, and EP). We analyzed the concentrations of 22 OCPs, including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), endosulfan compounds (EDFs), aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, and mirex, across various depths of slumping stages. The results indicated that thaw slumps affected the vertical migration and accumulation of these pollutants significantly. High concentrations of p,p'-DDT, and p,p'-DDE were observed, particularly in the DP and RF zones, highlighting the advanced thaw stages (DP/RF) has potential as a secondary source of OCPs emissions into the atmosphere. Furthermore, air-soil exchange models revealed a volatilization trend for certain OCPs, further emphasizing the risk of increased atmospheric contamination. These findings provide critical insights into the role of permafrost thaw slumps as both sinks and sources of POPs in a warming climate.

气候变暖导致青藏高原永久冻土带的退化，对以前被捕获的持久性有机污染物（POPs）重新排放到环境中构成了重大风险。研究了多年冻土融化滑坡区活性层土壤中有机氯农药的分布规律。在不同的解冻滑坡阶段收集土壤样本，包括控制区、边缘区、覆盖区、筏区和暴露区（缩写为CT、MG、DP、RF和EP）。我们分析了22种OCPs的浓度，包括二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDTs）、六氯环己烷（HCHs）、氯丹化合物（CHLs）、硫丹化合物（EDFs）、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、endrin和灭螨剂，它们分布在不同的滑坡阶段深度。结果表明，融塌对这些污染物的垂直迁移和积累有显著影响。观测到高浓度的p，p'-滴滴涕和p，p'-DDE，特别是在DP和RF区，突出表明解冻后期（DP/RF）有可能成为OCPs排放到大气中的次要来源。此外，空气-土壤交换模式揭示了某些OCPs的挥发趋势，进一步强调了大气污染增加的风险。这些发现对永久冻土融化滑坡在变暖气候中作为持久性有机污染物的汇和源的作用提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic production of hydroxy radicals affects the available Cadmium in paddy soils under microplastic contamination 微塑料污染下水稻土中羟基自由基的动态产生影响了有效镉的含量

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.019

Zhen Zhao, Wendan Xiao, Qi Zhang, De Chen, Xuezhu Ye

The coexistence of microplastics (MPs) and Cadmium (Cd) in soil poses a critical yet understudied environmental and agricultural risk, particularly in redox-dynamic paddy systems. This study quantifies the mechanistic interplay between polyethylene (PE) MPs and available Cd under two water management regimes. Results demonstrate that MPs significantly amplify hydroxyl radical (•OH) production in paddy systems, with particle size, concentration, and hydrological regimes driving spatiotemporal dynamics. MPs further altered redox thresholds unpredictably. Pearson’s positive correlation results revealed that photochemical activation of MPs-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and Fe(II) governed •OH generation in the overlying water. Small, high-concentration MPs amplified Fe(II) turnover in soils under fluctuating hydrology, driving sustained •OH production, elevating soil available Cd contents by 4.5-fold higher than controls after 30 days (p < 0.05). This study establishes a critical link between MPs contamination and •OH-mediated Cd cycling in paddy ecosystems, highlighting MPs-induced redox dynamics as a linchpin controlling heavy metal availability under variable soil oxygenation. The findings advance predictive frameworks for co-mobility of MPs and metal contaminants, while establishing innovative paradigms for addressing the non-negligible role of •OH in agroecosystems.

土壤中微塑料（MPs）和镉（Cd）的共存构成了一个关键的但尚未得到充分研究的环境和农业风险，特别是在氧化还原动力水稻系统中。本研究量化了两种水管理制度下聚乙烯（PE） MPs和有效镉之间的相互作用机制。结果表明，MPs显著增加了水稻系统中羟基自由基（•OH）的产生，其粒径、浓度和水文制度驱动了时空动态。MPs进一步不可预测地改变了氧化还原阈值。Pearson正相关结果表明，mps衍生的溶解有机碳（DOC）和Fe（II）的光化学活化控制了水体中•OH的生成。在波动的水文条件下，小而高浓度的MPs增加了土壤中Fe（II）的周转，推动了持续的OH生产，30天后土壤有效Cd含量比对照提高了4.5倍（p < 0.05）。本研究建立了水稻生态系统中MPs污染与•oh介导的Cd循环之间的关键联系，强调了MPs诱导的氧化还原动力学是控制土壤氧化变化下重金属有效性的关键。研究结果提出了MPs和金属污染物共移动性的预测框架，同时为解决•OH在农业生态系统中不可忽视的作用建立了创新范例。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of zeolite support on the synergistic reactions between NH3-SCR and CO oxidation over Cu-based catalysts 沸石载体对cu基催化剂上NH3-SCR与CO氧化协同反应的影响

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.001

Honglin Guo , Yangyang Guo , Lei Luo , Yifan Zhang , Yanxi Deng , Tingyu Zhu

Selective catalytic reduction of ammonia (NH₃-SCR) and CO oxidation are both common reactions used to remove NO_x and CO. However, developing a bifunctional catalyst that can efficiently catalyze both reactions simultaneously remains challenging. In this study, a series of copper-based zeolite catalysts (xCu/Beta and xCu/ZSM-5) were synthesized, and the 5Cu/Beta catalyst exhibited the best performance for the simultaneous removal of NO_x and CO, achieving conversion rates of 85 % and 100 %, respectively, at 275 °C. A series of experiments and characterizations were conducted to investigate the active sites of the catalysts. The results revealed that isolated Cu²⁺ species and CuO_x clusters serve as the main active sites for NH₃-SCR and CO oxidation, respectively. Copper-based zeolite catalysts demonstrate good low-temperature NH₃-SCR activity, which is attributed to a suitable number of weakly acidic centers and the ability to convert NO to adsorbed NO₂. Compared to Cu/ZSM-5, Cu/Beta exhibits a higher proportion of Cu⁺ species, a more uniform distribution of CuO_x clusters, and superior redox properties. This results in stronger CO adsorption and activation. This work presents a novel approach to the synergistic control of gaseous pollutants using copper-based zeolite catalysts.

氨选择性催化还原（NH3-SCR）和CO氧化都是去除NOx和CO的常见反应。然而，开发一种能同时有效催化这两种反应的双功能催化剂仍然是一个挑战。在本研究中，合成了一系列铜基沸石催化剂（xCu/Beta和xCu/ZSM-5），其中5Cu/Beta催化剂同时脱除NOx和CO的性能最好，在275℃下的转化率分别达到85%和100%。对催化剂的活性位点进行了一系列的实验和表征。结果表明，分离的Cu 2 +种和CuOx簇分别是NH3-SCR和CO氧化的主要活性位点。铜基沸石催化剂表现出良好的低温NH3-SCR活性，这主要归因于合适数量的弱酸性中心和将NO转化为吸附的NO2的能力。与Cu/ZSM-5相比，Cu/Beta具有更高的Cu +种类比例、更均匀的CuOx簇分布和更好的氧化还原性能。这导致更强的CO吸附和活化。这项工作提出了一种利用铜基沸石催化剂协同控制气态污染物的新方法。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of future land use change on waterborne nitrogen emissions: A case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 未来土地利用变化对水体氮排放的影响——以粤港澳大湾区为例

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2026.01.034

Chen Chen , Zongguo Wen , Ni Sheng , Qingbin Song

Land use changes reshape the generation and transport patterns of nitrogen (N) entering the water environment from both natural and anthropogenic activities, by altering the type and intensity of N-emitting activities and the retention effect on N in surface runoff that traverses the land. This study develops an integrated methodological framework that combines N flow analysis, geospatial analysis, land use change prediction, and nutrient transport simulation to analyze the spatial patterns of waterborne N emissions under various land use scenarios, considering different future land structures and the implementation of riparian buffers as artificial interventions. Using the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as a case, we find that all land use scenarios in 2030 and 2040 involve the expansion of impervious land and the reduction of forest and water, with only the Ecological Conservation scenario resulting in a minimal loss of forest. Direct N emissions to water account for >85 % of the total waterborne N emissions, while indirect N emissions from diffuse sources exhibit an export rate of around 16 %. By 2040, the Ecological Conservation scenario preserves 511 km² more arable land compared to the Economic Development scenario, while also achieving a reduction of 870 t of N export. This benefit is particularly significant for highly urbanized cities. Riparian buffers are critical areas for reforestation with an estimated reduction of approximately 6.9 t N for every additional km² of riparian forest. The findings offer land management strategies for mitigating waterborne N emissions in fast-urbanizing city clusters.

土地利用变化通过改变氮排放活动的类型和强度以及穿越土地的地表径流对氮的保留效应，重塑了自然和人为活动中进入水环境的氮(N)的产生和运输模式。本研究将氮流分析、地理空间分析、土地利用变化预测和养分运输模拟相结合，建立了一个综合的方法框架，分析了不同土地利用情景下水运氮排放的空间格局，考虑了不同的未来土地结构和河岸缓冲带的实施作为人工干预措施。以粤港澳大湾区为例，我们发现2030年和2040年的所有土地利用情景都涉及不透水土地的扩大和森林和水的减少，只有生态保护情景导致最小的森林损失。直接向水中排放的氮占水基氮排放总量的85%，而扩散源的间接氮排放的出口率约为16%。到2040年，与经济发展情景相比，生态保护情景多保留了511平方公里的耕地，同时减少了870吨氮肥出口。这种好处对高度城市化的城市尤为显著。河岸缓冲带是重新造林的关键区域，据估计，每增加一平方公里的河岸森林，可减少约6.9吨氮。研究结果为在快速城市化的城市群中减少水运氮排放提供了土地管理策略。

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引用次数: 0

Advancement in bioremediation of heavy metals in sustainable way: A critical evaluation on current findings and future prospects 可持续重金属生物修复的研究进展：对现有研究成果和未来展望的批判性评价

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.10.058

Sudhir K. Upadhyay , Prabhat K. Chauhan , Vishnu D. Rajput , Wenjing Dong , Saglara S. Mandzhieva , Yufei Zhao , Tatiana Minkina

Hyperaccumulation of toxic heavy metals (THMs) by plants are extensively examined at the global level and considered a bioremediation strategy. The ability of hyperaccumulator plants (HPs) heavily depends on phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, phytodegradation and rhizoremediation. The efficacy of HPs is significantly enhanced by their association with rhizospheric microbes. HPs utilizes the unique characteristics of root-associated microbes including secondary metabolites, siderophores, exopolysaccharides, phytochelatins and other substances. Despite this potential, field scale bioremediation strategies are still not effective in removing THMs from contaminated sites. The plant’s root exudates and microbe-based secondary metabolites have the capacity to remove THMs through specific gene expression. The advent of Clustered-Regularly-Interspaced-Short-Palindromic-Repeats (CRISPR) technology enables the targeted editing of genes in both plants and root-associated microbes. This allows researchers to investigate and optimize hyperaccumulator mechanisms, manipulate the production of key biochemical compound and induce HP mechanisms. The genetic advances in manipulating microbes, regulation of root exudates, factors and soil additive agents integrates in maintaining rhizospheric engineering to increase THM removal. This synergistic approach helps to restore soil health, food and nutritional quality to effectively reclaim THM sites. The present review comprehensively addressed the outcomes of extensive research on bioremediation and highlights the advancement in THM removal through advance genetic editing and nanobiotechnology. This article introduces the “Bioremediation 1.0–3.0″ paradigm, which combines traditional phytoremediation with new methods including omics, CRISPR and nanobiotechnology. Key opportunities include deploying gene-edited plants, microbe-nanomaterial complexes and integrated rhizospheric engineering for sustainable clean-up, soil restoration and food security. These initiatives will provide adaptable, sustainable and successful solutions for reducing hazardous heavy metals, improving soil health, safeguarding food systems and protecting ecosystems.

植物对有毒重金属（THMs）的过度积累在全球范围内得到了广泛的研究，并被认为是一种生物修复策略。超积累植物（HPs）的能力在很大程度上依赖于植物提取、根茎过滤、植物降解和根茎修复。hp的功效因其与根际微生物的关联而显著增强。hp利用了根相关微生物的独特特性，包括次生代谢物、铁载体、外多糖、植物螯合素等物质。尽管有这种潜力，但现场规模的生物修复策略仍然不能有效地从污染地点去除THMs。植物根系分泌物和微生物次生代谢物通过特定基因表达具有清除THMs的能力。CRISPR （clustered - regular - interspacing - short - palindromici - repeats）技术的出现使植物和根相关微生物的基因靶向编辑成为可能。这使得研究人员能够研究和优化超积累机制，操纵关键生化化合物的产生和诱导HP机制。在控制微生物、调节根分泌物、因子和土壤添加剂方面的遗传进展整合在一起，维持根际工程，以增加THM的去除。这种协同方法有助于恢复土壤健康、食物和营养质量，从而有效地回收THM场地。本文全面介绍了生物修复的广泛研究成果，并强调了通过先进的基因编辑和纳米生物技术去除THM的进展。本文介绍了“生物修复1.0-3.0″”范式，该范式将传统的植物修复与组学、CRISPR和纳米生物技术等新方法相结合。关键的机会包括部署基因编辑植物、微生物-纳米材料复合物和综合根际工程，用于可持续清理、土壤恢复和粮食安全。这些举措将为减少有害重金属、改善土壤健康、保障粮食系统和保护生态系统提供适应性强、可持续和成功的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Distinct cytotoxicity of water disinfection byproducts in human uroepithelium and Chinese hamster ovary cells 水消毒副产物对人尿上皮和中国仓鼠卵巢细胞的不同细胞毒性

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.005

Jiaojiao Xie , Jian Han , Yanming Liu , Birget Moe , Qiming Shen , Tongtong Xiang , Chun-Gang Yuan , Xing-Fang Li

Water disinfection unintentionally produces hundreds of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Although the cytotoxicity of over 100 DBPs has been extensively studied in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, toxicity data in human cell models remain limited. Given the epidemiological association of DBPs with bladder cancer risk, it is necessary to conduct studies using cell lines that exhibit biological characteristics resembling human bladder cells, e.g., the immortalized human uroepithelium SV-HUC-1 cells. In this study, the cytotoxicity of 14 regulated and unregulated DBPs in SV-HUC-1 and CHO-K1 cells was examined in parallel using a real-time cell analysis (RTCA) platform. SV-HUC-1 cells exhibited greater sensitivity to eight DBPs than CHO-K1 cells. Notably, iodoacetic acid (IAA) and bromoacetic acid (BAA) were significantly more cytotoxic to SV-HUC-1 cells than iodoacetonitrile (IAN) and bromoacetonitrile (BAN), whereas the reverse trend was observed in CHO-K1 cells. Cell cycle analysis showed that only IAN and BAN induced G2/M phase arrest in SV-HUC-1 cells. In contrast, in CHO-K1 cells, IAN caused G2/M arrest, BAN and CAN induced G0/G1 arrest, and IAA and BAA arrested cells in the S phase. Morphological assessments showed that SV-HUC-1 cells aggregated upon exposure to monohaloacetic acids (monoHAAs), while exposure to monohaloacetonitriles (monoHANs) led to cell shrinkage and nuclear lysis. CHO-K1 cells maintained a spindle-shaped morphology with reduced size under monoHAA exposure, whereas monoHAN treatment induced an elliptical shape, with a notable subset transitioning to hypertrophic hyperploidy. These findings highlight cell- and DBP-specific toxic effects, stressing the need to include human cell lines in future DBP toxicity assessments.

水消毒无意中产生数百种消毒副产物（DBPs）。虽然在中国仓鼠卵巢（CHO）细胞中已经广泛研究了超过100 DBPs的细胞毒性，但在人类细胞模型中的毒性数据仍然有限。鉴于dbp与膀胱癌风险的流行病学相关性，有必要使用具有类似人类膀胱细胞生物学特性的细胞系进行研究，例如永生化人尿上皮SV-HUC-1细胞。在本研究中，使用实时细胞分析（RTCA）平台并行检测了SV-HUC-1和CHO-K1细胞中14种调节和不调节DBPs的细胞毒性。SV-HUC-1细胞对8种dbp的敏感性高于CHO-K1细胞。值得注意的是，碘乙酸（IAA）和溴乙酸（BAA）对SV-HUC-1细胞的毒性显著高于碘乙腈（IAN）和溴乙腈（BAN），而对CHO-K1细胞的毒性则相反。细胞周期分析显示，在SV-HUC-1细胞中，只有IAN和BAN诱导G2/M期阻滞。相比之下，在CHO-K1细胞中，IAN引起G2/M阻滞，BAN和CAN引起G0/G1阻滞，IAA和BAA使细胞阻滞在S期。形态学评估表明，SV-HUC-1细胞在暴露于单卤乙酸（monoHAAs）时聚集，而暴露于单卤乙腈（monoHANs）时导致细胞收缩和细胞核裂解。在单haa暴露下，CHO-K1细胞保持纺锤形形态，大小减小，而单han处理诱导成椭圆形状，并有显著的亚群过渡到肥厚性大倍体。这些发现强调了细胞和DBP特异性毒性作用，强调在未来的DBP毒性评估中需要包括人类细胞系。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative neurotoxicities of PFOS and its alternative F-53B based on acetylcholinesterase 基于乙酰胆碱酯酶的全氟辛烷磺酸及其替代品F-53B的神经毒性比较

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.063

Yujing Zhao , Ling Weng , Zhenxing Chi

The novel perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternative, 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) was found in various environments showing even higher levels than PFOS. However, its neurotoxicity and the possible molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a critical enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and regulates nerve conduction. With zebrafish as the model animal and AChE as the target, this study comparatively investigated the in vitro and in vivo neurotoxicity of PFOS and F-53B, uncovering possible induced mechanisms. Our results indicated PFOS and F-53B could increase AChE activity to induce neurotoxicity in zebrafish brain, whereas the induced effect of F-53B lasted longer than PFOS. We found that oxidative stress was one of the mechanisms underlying PFOS and F-53B neurotoxicity. PFOS and F-53B loosened the AChE protein skeleton, thereby changing the AChE secondary structure. F-53B exhibited greater effects on the secondary structure content than PFOS. PFOS and F-53B showed approximately one binding site on AChE, spontaneously binding to various AChE amino acid residues through different forces. In contrast, the hydrogen bond distance formed by PFOS was longer, resulting in a weaker binding force to AChE than F-53B The study expands our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying PFOS and F-53B neurotoxicity and offers novel insights into the safety of PFOS substitutes.

新型全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）替代品6:2氯化多氟醚磺酸（F-53B）在各种环境中被发现，其含量甚至高于全氟辛烷磺酸。然而，其神经毒性和可能的分子机制在很大程度上仍然未知。乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）是一种水解神经递质乙酰胆碱（ACh）并调节神经传导的关键酶。本研究以斑马鱼为模型动物，以AChE为靶点，对比研究PFOS和F-53B的体内外神经毒性，揭示可能的诱导机制。结果表明，全氟辛烷磺酸和F-53B均能提高乙酰胆碱酯酶活性，诱导斑马鱼脑神经毒性，但F-53B的诱导作用持续时间较全氟辛烷磺酸长。我们发现氧化应激是全氟辛烷磺酸和F-53B神经毒性的机制之一。PFOS和F-53B使AChE蛋白骨架松动，从而改变AChE二级结构。F-53B对二级结构含量的影响大于全氟辛烷磺酸。PFOS和F-53B在AChE上大约有一个结合位点，通过不同的力自发结合到AChE的各种氨基酸残基上。相比之下，PFOS形成的氢键距离较长，与AChE的结合力较F-53B弱。该研究扩大了我们对PFOS和F-53B神经毒性的分子机制的理解，并为PFOS替代品的安全性提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Foliar silicon application enhances rare earth element accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Phytolacca americana 叶面硅的施用促进了超富集植物美洲植物稀土元素的富集

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.035

Rui-Qi Zhang , Cui-Ling Huang , Ling-Xiu Zhou , Rong-Liang Qiu , Chong Liu , Antony van der Ent , Jean-Louis Morel , Wen-Shen Liu , Ye-Tao Tang

Phytolacca americana is a known rare earth element (REE) hyperaccumulator, notable for its high biomass and rapid growth rate. However, its capacity to tolerate and accumulate REEs under high-exposure conditions is relatively limited, which restricts its utilization in agromining on soils heavily contaminated with REEs. Silicon (Si) has been shown to effectively mitigate metal(loid)s stress in various plants, and to promote REE tolerance in the well-known hyperaccumulator fern Dicranopteris linearis. This study aimed to assess the effects of Si on REE agromining using P. americana and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The results show that foliar Si application significantly increases the REEs accumulation of P. americana by as much as 73.6 % and 172.4 % in hydroponic and pot experiments respectively. Notably, Si application enhances the retention of REEs within the cell walls, primarily through the formation of silicate particles and / or modifications of the cell walls. Transcriptome analysis indicates that foliar Si application initially mitigates the toxicity of REEs by inducing an upregulation of genes associated with stress response and antioxidant enzymes, which facilitates the rapid elimination of accumulated reactive oxygen species. With increasing Si application, the abnormal overexpression of stress response genes, as well as genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and cell division, is alleviated, further implying that the entry of REE into the cytoplasm can be effectively hindered. This study shows that foliar Si application represents a potentially cost-efficiency agronomic practice for improvement of REE agromining using P. americana.

美洲植甲（Phytolacca americana）是已知的稀土元素超富集生物，具有生物量大、生长速度快的特点。然而，其在高暴露条件下耐受和积累稀土元素的能力相对有限，这限制了其在稀土重污染土壤上的农业利用。硅（Si）已被证明能有效缓解各种植物的金属（loid）胁迫，并促进众所周知的高富集蕨类植物Dicranopteris线性的稀土耐受性。本研究旨在评价Si对美洲胡杨稀土农用开采的影响，并阐明其潜在机制。结果表明，在水培和盆栽试验中，叶面施硅显著提高了美洲杉树的稀土积累量，分别达到73.6%和172.4%。值得注意的是，硅的应用主要通过硅酸盐颗粒的形成和/或细胞壁的修饰增强了细胞壁内稀土元素的保留。转录组分析表明，叶面施硅最初通过诱导与应激反应和抗氧化酶相关的基因上调来减轻稀土的毒性，这有助于快速消除积累的活性氧。随着施硅量的增加，胁迫应答基因以及参与类黄酮生物合成和细胞分裂的基因的异常过表达得到缓解，进一步表明稀土元素进入细胞质可以得到有效阻止。本研究表明，叶面施硅是一种具有潜在成本效益的改良美洲杉木稀土农艺措施。

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引用次数: 0

Graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts for sustainable energy and environmental remediation: Performance optimization and future perspectives 用于可持续能源和环境修复的石墨氮化碳光催化剂：性能优化和未来展望

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.08.061

Hongyan Zhang , Zhimin Yuan , Xingling Zhao , Xianglin Zhu , Haiquan Wang , Ying Luo , Zheng Wang , Zaiyong Jiang

This review delves into the burgeoning field of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) photocatalysis, offering a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements. It first examines the structural and electronic properties of g-C₃N₄, and further explores how these intrinsic characteristics regulate its performance in light-driven reactions. Despite its potential, g-C₃N₄ faces hurdles such as restricted visible-light absorption and suboptimal charge carrier dynamics. To this end, the review outlines innovative strategies to enhance its light-harvesting and charge-transport capabilities, including defect engineering, bandgap modulation, and the design of nanostructured architectures. Moreover, it highlights the critical importance of developing scalable synthesis protocols that strike a balance between efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Finally, future research perspectives are presented, with a specific emphasis on unlocking the full application potential of g-C₃N₄ in sustainable energy production and environmental remediation.

本文对新兴的氮化石墨碳（g-C3N4）光催化领域进行了深入研究，并对近年来的研究进展进行了全面的综述。本文首先考察了g-C3N4的结构和电子特性，并进一步探讨了这些内在特性如何调节其在光驱动反应中的性能。尽管具有潜力，但g-C3N4仍面临一些障碍，如可见光吸收受限和次优载流子动力学。为此，本文概述了提高其光收集和电荷传输能力的创新策略，包括缺陷工程、带隙调制和纳米结构结构的设计。此外，它强调了开发可扩展的合成协议在效率和成本效益之间取得平衡的关键重要性。最后，展望了g-C3N4在可持续能源生产和环境修复方面的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Observational and modelled insights of volatile organic compounds into seasonal atmospheric oxidation capacity and radical chemistry over North China 华北地区挥发性有机化合物对季节性大气氧化能力和自由基化学的观测和模拟见解

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.10.051

Gen Zhang , Jiyun Xian , Xue Yang , Ouyang Li , Guolan Fan , Jinhe Wang , Zhiyong Xia , Luhong Gao , Yanmei Jiang

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) regulate secondary pollutant formation by controlling both atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) intensity and RO_x cycling efficiency. However, their dynamic mechanisms under varying seasonal and pollution conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, the seasonal variations in AOC and radical chemistry under contrasting pollution scenarios were quantified based on the synchronized measurements of VOCs and other trace gases in Jinan, China. Severe ozone pollution was identified in summer with 8 h average ozone (O₃) levels exceeding the Chinese national ambient air quality on 22 days (or 73.3 % in frequency). Winter haze episodes (38.7 % in frequency) exhibited significant PM_2.5 accumulation alongside pronounced VOCs enhancement. VOCs exhibited marked seasonal divergence: summer pollution depleted alkanes (-23 %) but enriched oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs, +28 %) through photochemical processing, whereas winter conditions amplified primary VOCs emissions. AOC confirmed summer dominance, with an average value of 1.6 × 10⁷ molecules/(cm³·s), exceeding winter AOC values by 7–8 folds. OH reactivity analysis further distinguished seasonal drivers, with OVOCs accounting for 34 % of summer OH depletion versus NO₂/CO-dominated consumption (61.2 %) in winter. HCHO/OVOCs photolysis contributed 65 %–89 % to HO₂/RO₂ production in summer (54 %-56 % in winter), whilst OH generation primarily originated from HONO photolysis (38 %-44 % in winter) and O₃ dissociation (59 %-74 % in summer). Summer pollution episodes intensified radical cycling, as evidenced via accelerated summer OH production rates during pollution days.

挥发性有机物（VOCs）通过控制大气氧化能力（AOC）强度和ROx循环效率来调节二次污染物的形成。然而，它们在不同季节和污染条件下的动态机制仍然知之甚少。通过对济南地区VOCs和其他微量气体的同步监测，定量分析了不同污染情景下大气中AOC和自由基化学的季节变化。夏季臭氧污染严重，8 h平均臭氧（O3）水平有22天超过国家环境空气质量（频率为73.3%）。冬季雾霾（38.7%）表现出显著的PM2.5积累和显著的VOCs增强。挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）表现出明显的季节差异：夏季污染使烷烃（- 23%）减少，但通过光化学处理使含氧挥发性有机化合物（OVOCs）增加（+ 28%），而冬季则使初级挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）排放增加。AOC为夏季优势，平均值为1.6 × 107分子/(cm3·s)，是冬季AOC的7 ~ 8倍。OH反应性分析进一步区分了季节性驱动因素，OVOCs占夏季OH消耗的34%，而NO2/ co占冬季消耗的61.2%。夏季，HCHO/OVOCs光解作用对HO2/RO2的生成贡献了65% - 89%（冬季为54% - 56%），而OH的生成主要来自HONO光解作用（冬季为38% - 44%）和O3解离作用（夏季为59% - 74%）。夏季污染事件加剧了自由基循环，这可以通过污染日期间夏季OH生成速率加快得到证明。

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引用次数: 0