Journal of Equine Veterinary Science最新文献_第3页

Analysis of the antitrypsin activity and immunoglobulin G concentration in equine colostrum and milk 马初乳和乳中抗胰蛋白酶活性及免疫球蛋白G浓度分析。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105803

S. Böckmann , L. Trzebiatowski , P. Georgiev , K. Büttner , A. Wehrend

Background

Immunoglobulins ingested via colostrum must remain intact to be absorbed by the neonate. Equine colostrum contains antitrypsin activity, which likely protects these proteins from proteolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.

Aims/Objectives

To quantify antitrypsin activity in equine colostrum and milk, describe its temporal changes during the first five days after parturition, compare actitvity between left and right mammary glands, evaluate differences between nulliparous and pluriparous mares, and examine associations with immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations and mare age.

Methods

This retrospective study included 67 mares after 73 parturitions, yielding 145 colostrum samples and 207 milk samples. Samples were obtained from both mammary glands when available. Antitrypsin activity was measured using a colorimetric trypsin inhibition assay, and IgG concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results are reported as median and range.

Results

Median antitrypsin activity in colostrum was higher in nulliparous mares (1.09, range 0.65) than in pluriparous mares (0.78, range 0.72). Activity declined over five days postpartum (median 0.49, range 0.81). No differences were observed between left and right mammary glands. Colostral antitrypsin activity correlated strongly with IgG concentration (rs = 0.77), whereas no correlation was detected in milk (rs = −0.04). Mare age was not associated with colostral antitrypsin activity (rs = −0.09).

Conclusion

Antitrypsin activity in equine colostrum is highest immediately postpartum, particularly in nulliparous mares, and is closely associated with IgG concentrations. These results suggest that antitrypsin activity contributes to the protection of IgG during intestinal absorption and should be considered when assessing colostrum quality for neonatal care.

背景：通过初乳摄入的免疫球蛋白必须保持完整才能被新生儿吸收。马初乳含有抗胰蛋白酶活性，这可能保护这些蛋白质在胃肠道中不被蛋白质水解。目的：量化马初乳和乳汁中的抗胰蛋白酶活性，描述其在分娩后5天内的时间变化，比较左乳腺和右乳腺的活性，评估未产和多产母马之间的差异，并检查免疫球蛋白G （IgG）浓度与母马年龄的关系。方法：回顾性研究67匹母马73次分娩，初乳样品145份，乳汁样品207份。在有条件的情况下，从两个乳腺获得样本。采用比色胰蛋白酶抑制法测定抗胰蛋白酶活性，采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定IgG浓度。结果以中位数和范围报告。结果：未产母马初乳抗胰蛋白酶活性中位数（1.09，范围0.65）高于多产母马（0.78，范围0.72）。产后5天活动下降（中位数0.49，范围0.81）。左右乳腺间无明显差异。初乳抗胰蛋白酶活性与IgG浓度呈极显著相关（相关性 = 0.77），而乳抗胰蛋白酶活性与IgG浓度无相关性（相关性 = -0.04）。母马年龄与初乳抗胰蛋白酶活性无关（相关性 = -0.09）。结论：马初乳抗胰蛋白酶活性在产后立即最高，特别是在未分娩的母马中，并且与IgG浓度密切相关。这些结果表明，抗胰蛋白酶活性有助于肠道吸收过程中IgG的保护，在评估新生儿初乳质量时应考虑到这一点。

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引用次数: 0

Readers Information 读者信息

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0737-0806(26)00028-6

引用次数: 0

Translational human and equine regenerative medicine in musculoskeletal conditions 翻译人类和马在肌肉骨骼条件下的再生医学。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105798

L.M. Bosman , M.G. Logan , A. Miszewski , M.S. Pepper

Translational regenerative medicine, integrating human and veterinary approaches within the “One Health” framework, increasingly uses horses as models for human musculoskeletal conditions due to shared anatomical and functional features. Osteoarthritis and tendon disorders affect both species, often resulting from high-impact or repetitive strain activities. Regenerative medicine offers therapeutic opportunities by promoting tissue repair and modulating inflammation. Cellular orthobiologics such as mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) show promise for treating osteoarthritis and tendon injuries in humans and horses, while non-cellular orthobiologics—including platelet-rich plasma, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein, and alpha-2 macroglobulin—provide growth factors and anti-inflammatory molecules that support tissue regeneration. However, challenges remain, including variable product manufacture, inconsistent MSC isolation and characterization protocols (particularly in equine applications), and regulatory or public scepticism toward these therapies. Standardized production methods and improved clinical integration are needed. Combinatory use of cellular and non-cellular orthobiologics offers strong translational potential to improve musculoskeletal repair across species.

在“同一个健康”框架内整合人类和兽医方法的转化再生医学越来越多地使用马作为人类肌肉骨骼疾病的模型，因为它们具有共同的解剖和功能特征。骨关节炎和肌腱疾病影响这两个物种，通常由高冲击或重复应变活动引起。再生医学通过促进组织修复和调节炎症提供治疗机会。细胞矫正生物，如间充质基质/干细胞（MSCs），有望治疗人类和马的骨关节炎和肌腱损伤，而非细胞矫正生物，包括富血小板血浆、白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂蛋白和α -2巨球蛋白，提供生长因子和抗炎分子，支持组织再生。然而，挑战仍然存在，包括不同的产品制造，不一致的MSC分离和表征协议（特别是在马的应用中），以及监管机构或公众对这些疗法的怀疑。需要标准化的生产方法和提高临床整合。组合使用细胞和非细胞骨科提供了强大的翻译潜力，以改善跨物种的肌肉骨骼修复。

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引用次数: 0

miRNAS and target genes are regulated post-training in quarter horse athletes 四分之一马运动员训练后miRNAS和靶基因受到调控。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105787

Thiago Maués Amaral , Priscilla do Carmo de Azevedo Ramos , Roberta de Araújo Silva , Murilo Moura Ferreira , Ednaldo da Silva Filho

Introduction

In the context of Brazilian equestrian sports, the Quarter Horse (QH) breed has the third largest population of registered horses and stands out for its numerous abilities in various disciplines. Studies on equine health and athletic performance parameters are scarce, especially involving molecular markers.

Objective/methods

This study aimed to investigate the differential expression of microRNAs and target genes involved in metabolic pathways of exercise and to assess hematological and clinical changes in 10 horses (Equus caballus Linnaeus) of the QH breed under different physiological conditions. Horses of both sexes, aged 6 years, weighing between 400 and 513 kg (442,3 kg Mean), with the same housing, feeding, and training management throughout the experiment. The horses were subjected to a race with obstacle deviation.

Results

The results of clinical, hematological, and molecular parameters showed significance (p < 0.05) after exercise. These bioindicators demonstrate that equine physiology is modulated after training, with an increase in oxygen transport, oxygen metabolism for energy conversion, and post-training recovery induced by the inflammatory response to aerobic exercise.

Conclusions

The revealed data should be considered important parameters for animal health management and for assessing the physiological performance of horses during training, especially for athletic QH horses raised in the Amazon region.

简介：在巴西马术运动的背景下，四分之一马（QH）品种拥有第三大注册马匹数量，并因其在各个学科中的众多能力而脱颖而出。关于马的健康和运动表现参数的研究很少，特别是涉及分子标记的研究。目的/方法：本研究旨在研究10匹QH品种马（Equus caballus Linnaeus）在不同生理条件下运动代谢途径相关的microRNAs和靶基因的差异表达，并评估其血液学和临床变化。6岁，体重在400 - 513公斤（平均442.3公斤）之间的两性马，在整个实验过程中采用相同的饲养、喂养和训练管理。这些马参加了一场有障碍的赛跑。结果：临床、血液学和分子参数的结果具有重要意义(p)结论：所揭示的数据应被视为动物健康管理和评估训练期间马的生理表现的重要参数，特别是对于亚马逊地区饲养的运动QH马。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of oxidative stress in the newborn foal: a multibiomarker approach 评估新生马驹的氧化应激：一种多生物标志物方法。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105786

F. Bindi, D. Cingottini, B. Sorvillo, G. Sala, L. De Marchi, G. Monni, S. Celardo, F. Bonelli, M. Sgorbini

Background

During the perinatal period, neonates experience a sudden increase in oxygen exposure, predisposing them to oxidative stress.

Aims

This prospective, in vivo study aimed to evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence in healthy neonatal foals during the first 48 hours of life.

Methods

Ten Standardbred foals were enrolled. Blood samples were collected at birth, 24 hours, and 48 hours after birth and analyzed for biomarkers using spectrophotometry assays. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests and linear regression.

Results

The results revealed significant differences in arylesterase (AREase), paraoxonase (POase), butyrylcholinesterase (BTChE), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) over time, with POase increasing and the other enzymes decreasing over time. There were no significant changes in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity over time. No correlations were found between biomarkers and blood glucose or lactate at birth.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that healthy foals undergo rapid postnatal changes in their redox balance, characterized by dynamic changes in specific antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress biomarkers. This study highlights the need for further research to investigate the evolution of oxidative stress biomarkers after 48 hours of life and their possible clinical implications.

背景：在围产期，新生儿经历氧气暴露突然增加，使他们易患氧化应激。目的：这项前瞻性体内研究旨在评估健康新生马驹在生命最初48小时内氧化应激和抗氧化防御的生物标志物。方法：选取10匹标准马驹。在出生时、出生后24小时和48小时采集血液样本，并使用分光光度法分析生物标志物。采用非参数检验和线性回归进行统计分析。结果：芳香酯酶（AREase）、对氧磷酶（POase）、丁酰胆碱酯酶（BTChE）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）、脂质过氧化（LPO）随时间变化有显著差异，POase随时间升高，其他酶随时间降低。随着时间的推移，总抗氧化能力（TAC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性没有显著变化。没有发现生物标志物与出生时的血糖或乳酸之间的相关性。结论：健康马驹的氧化还原平衡在出生后发生快速变化，其特征是特定抗氧化酶和氧化应激生物标志物的动态变化。这项研究强调了进一步研究氧化应激生物标志物在生命48小时后的演变及其可能的临床意义的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Infertility in an American Quarter Horse mare with cervical duplication 美国四分之一母马宫颈重复不育。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105785

D. Cortes , M. Mendoza , T. Raudsepp , M. Ferrer

Cervical duplication is a disorder of sexual development (DSD) that may be present in the absence of chromosomal aberrations. It is a rare cause of infertility in mares and is attributed to the failure of the Müllerian ducts to fuse properly, leading to the persistence of the median walls along the whole length of the cervix. This case report involves a 13-year-old American Quarter Horse mare with cervical duplication. Prior to this diagnostic, the mare was bred multiple times, but pregnancy was not achieved. The mare presented for a breeding soundness evaluation. During the examination an aberrant cervical conformation was palpated and further investigated. Cytogenetic analysis and a PCR for the Y-linked SRY gene and the X-linked androgen receptor gene was performed. A normal 64,XX, SRY-negative karyotype was determined. Infertility was associated with cervical abnormality, affecting in some degree uterine clearance causing accumulation of fluid seen on ultrasound.

宫颈重复是一种性发育障碍（DSD），可能存在于没有染色体畸变。这是一种罕见的导致公马不孕的原因，是由于骶管未能正确融合，导致沿整个子宫颈的中间壁持续存在。本病例报告涉及一匹13岁的美国四分之一母马颈部重复。在此诊断之前，母马多次繁殖，但没有实现怀孕。对母马进行了繁育健全性评价。在检查时，发现异常的宫颈形态，并进一步调查。细胞遗传学分析和PCR检测y -连锁SRY基因和x -连锁雄激素受体基因。正常64，XX， sry阴性核型确定。不孕症与宫颈异常有关，在一定程度上影响子宫清除率，引起超声显示的积液。

引用次数: 0

Left and right-side echocardiographic measurement of pulmonary artery stiffness in thoroughbred racehorses 纯种马肺动脉僵硬度的左、右侧超声心动图测量。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105784

C. Bozzola , L. Stucchi , G. Sala , L. Schinardi , G. Stancari , E. Zucca

Background

Pulmonary Artery Stiffness (PAS) is a non-invasive echocardiographic index of pulmonary artery elasticity. In horses, PAS has been measured only from the right parasternal short-axis view, while the influence of alternative imaging windows remains unknown.

Aims/objectives

To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of Acceleration Time (AT), Maximal Frequency Shift (MFS), and PAS measurements from the left parasternal angled view of the right ventricular inflow/outflow, and to compare these parameters with those obtained from the right parasternal short-axis view in Thoroughbred racehorses.

Methods

Forty Thoroughbreds underwent pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography from both right and left parasternal views. Measurements included AT, MFS, and PAS (MFS/AT). The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficients of variation (CV) were used to assess intra-operator repeatability and inter-operator (three operators) reproducibility in 40 horses, day-to-day (two different days) repeatability in 5 horses, and inter-operator (two operators) reproducibility for image acquisition in 10 horses. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare left and right parasternal measurements in 40 horses.

Results

Intra-operator agreement was excellent for all parameters (AT: ICC=0.94; MFS: ICC=0.95; PAS: ICC=0.97). Inter-operator agreement ranged from moderate to excellent (AT: ICC=0.63–0.87; MFS: ICC=0.96–0.99; PAS: ICC=0.83–0.96). Day-to-day agreement was good for AT (ICC=0.80) and MFS (ICC=0.71), and excellent for PAS (ICC=0.98). Inter-observer agreement for image acquisition ranged from good to excellent (AT: ICC=0.97, MFS: ICC=0.86, PAS: ICC=0.94). Compared to the right view, the left parasternal view showed lower AT (110 vs. 151 ms), higher MFS (2.6 vs. 2.27 kHz), and higher PAS (23.8 vs. 15.6 kHz/s) (all p<0.001).

Conclusion

PAS can be consistently measured from the left parasternal angled view in Thoroughbred racehorses. PAS was higher when measured from the left parasternal window, possibly due to a better alignment of the Doppler beam with the pulmonary artery flow.

背景：肺动脉硬度（PAS）是肺动脉弹性的无创超声心动图指标。在马中，PAS仅从右侧胸骨旁短轴视图测量，而替代成像窗口的影响尚不清楚。目的：评估从左胸骨旁角度观察右心室流入/流出的加速时间（AT）、最大频移（MFS）和PAS测量的可重复性和再现性，并将这些参数与从右胸骨旁短轴视图获得的参数进行比较。方法：对40匹纯种马进行左、右胸骨旁脉波多普勒超声心动图检查。测量包括AT、MFS和PAS （MFS/AT）。使用类内相关系数（ICC）和变异系数（CV）评估40匹马的操作人员内重复性和操作人员间（三个操作人员）重复性，5匹马的日常（两个不同的日子）重复性和10匹马的操作人员间（两个操作人员）图像采集重复性。使用Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较40匹马的左右胸骨旁测量值。结果：操作者对所有参数的一致性非常好（AT: ICC=0.94; MFS: ICC=0.95; PAS: ICC=0.97）。操作者之间的一致性从中等到优异（AT: ICC=0.63-0.87; MFS: ICC=0.96-0.99; PAS: ICC=0.83-0.96）。日常一致性对AT （ICC=0.80）和MFS （ICC=0.71）很好，对PAS （ICC=0.98）很好。图像采集的观察者间一致性从好到好不等（AT: ICC=0.97, MFS: ICC=0.86, PAS: ICC=0.94）。与右视图相比，左胸骨旁视图显示较低的AT (110 vs. 151 ms)，较高的MFS （2.6 vs. 2.27 kHz）和较高的PAS (23.8 vs. 15.6 kHz/s)(均为p结论：纯种赛马的左胸骨旁角度视图可以一致测量PAS。当从左胸骨旁窗测量时，PAS更高，可能是由于多普勒波束与肺动脉流量更好地对齐。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of sample storage time and temperature on equine complete blood counts 样品储存时间和温度对马全血细胞计数的影响。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105782

MM Friend, EM McGaffigan, SM Hall, WB Staniar, DN Smarsh

Background

Equine blood samples are often collected in uncontrolled, distant environments and stored for later analysis.

Aims

This study aimed to determine how sample storage methods influence complete blood count (CBC) parameters, hypothesizing that temperature and time elapsed from collection to analysis would affect CBC parameters.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from 10 healthy Quarter Horse mares (age: 13 ± 4.5 years old) and stored in EDTA tubes at room temperature (22°C), above ice (8°C), refrigerated (4°C), or in contact with ice (2°C). The IDEXX ProcyteDx was used to obtain CBCs at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after collection. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc analysis and Benjamini-Hochberg correction. Significance was set to P ≤ 0.05.

Results

A reduction of monocytes and elevation of basophils was seen as early as 48 hours at 2°C, 4°C, and 8°C and occurred to a greater extent at 22°C, likely due to a greater degree of cellular degradation. Changes to red blood cell parameters occurred as early as 48 hours after collection at 4°C and 8°C and were more exaggerated at 22°C. Storage at 2°C resulted in earlier differences in red blood cell parameters. In contrast with previous studies, platelet counts were increased with time in all cooled storage methods, exhibiting a progressive temperature-dependent response as early as 24 hours.

Conclusion

It appears equine blood samples are most stable when stored at 4°C or 8°C and run within 48 hours when using the IDEXX Procyte Dx.

背景：马的血液样本通常是在不受控制的、遥远的环境中收集的，并储存起来供以后分析。目的：本研究旨在确定样品储存方法如何影响全血细胞计数（CBC）参数，假设从采集到分析的温度和时间会影响CBC参数。方法：选取10匹健康四分之一马（年龄：13±4.5岁）的血液标本，分别在室温（22°C）、冰上（8°C）、冷藏（4°C）和冰接触（2°C）条件下保存于EDTA管中。在采集后3、6、12、24、48和72小时，使用IDEXX ProcyteDx获得CBCs。数据分析采用Kruskal-Wallis检验，Dunn事后分析和Benjamini-Hochberg校正。显著性设为P≤0.05。结果：在2°C、4°C和8°C条件下，早在48小时单核细胞减少和嗜碱性粒细胞升高，在22°C条件下发生的程度更大，可能是由于细胞降解程度更大。在4°C和8°C条件下，红细胞参数的变化早在采集后48小时就发生了，在22°C条件下更为明显。在2°C下储存导致红细胞参数的早期差异。与之前的研究相反，在所有冷却储存方法中，血小板计数随着时间的推移而增加，早在24小时就表现出一种渐进的温度依赖性反应。结论：使用IDEXX Procyte Dx时，马血液样品在4°C或8°C保存并在48小时内运行时最稳定。

{"title":"Effects of sample storage time and temperature on equine complete blood counts","authors":"MM Friend, EM McGaffigan, SM Hall, WB Staniar, DN Smarsh","doi":"10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Equine blood samples are often collected in uncontrolled, distant environments and stored for later analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to determine how sample storage methods influence complete blood count (CBC) parameters, hypothesizing that temperature and time elapsed from collection to analysis would affect CBC parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Blood samples were collected from 10 healthy Quarter Horse mares (age: 13 ± 4.5 years old) and stored in EDTA tubes at room temperature (22°C), above ice (8°C), refrigerated (4°C), or in contact with ice (2°C). The IDEXX ProcyteDx was used to obtain CBCs at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after collection. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc analysis and Benjamini-Hochberg correction. Significance was set to <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A reduction of monocytes and elevation of basophils was seen as early as 48 hours at 2°C, 4°C, and 8°C and occurred to a greater extent at 22°C, likely due to a greater degree of cellular degradation. Changes to red blood cell parameters occurred as early as 48 hours after collection at 4°C and 8°C and were more exaggerated at 22°C. Storage at 2°C resulted in earlier differences in red blood cell parameters. In contrast with previous studies, platelet counts were increased with time in all cooled storage methods, exhibiting a progressive temperature-dependent response as early as 24 hours.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It appears equine blood samples are most stable when stored at 4°C or 8°C and run within 48 hours when using the IDEXX Procyte Dx.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15798,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 105782"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146003563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two cases of primary hepatic neoplasia in young horses: Diagnostic challenges and clinical implications 两例原发性肝肿瘤在年轻马：诊断挑战和临床意义。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105783

Natalia Siwinska , Rafal Ciaputa , Dorota Dlugopolska , Marzena Paszkowska , Wolfram Haider , Kathrin Schwegler

Primary hepatic neoplasms are rare in horses and often have a poor prognosis due to non-specific clinical signs and delayed diagnosis. This report describes two cases of primary hepatic neoplasia in young horses. The first case was a yearling Hanoverian filly presenting with non-specific clinical signs, including poor weight gain and inappetence, ultimately diagnosed with hepatoblastoma based on ultrasonographic findings and histopathological examination. The second case was a three-year-old Polish Sport Horse stallion that died suddenly, with post-mortem examination revealing advanced cholangiocarcinoma, a malignant bile duct neoplasm. These cases highlighted the diagnostic challenges of hepatic neoplasms in horses due to non-specific early clinical signs. Hepatic neoplasms should be considered in the differential diagnosis in horses with unexplained weight loss and abnormal hepatic function, regardless of age.

原发性肝脏肿瘤在马中很少见，由于非特异性临床症状和诊断延迟，预后往往较差。本报告描述两例原发性肝肿瘤在年轻的马。第一个病例是一只一岁的汉诺威母马，表现出非特异性的临床症状，包括体重增加和食欲不振，最终根据超声检查和组织病理学检查诊断为肝母细胞瘤。第二个病例是一匹三岁的波兰运动马，突然死亡，尸检显示晚期胆管癌，一种恶性胆管肿瘤。这些病例强调了由于非特异性早期临床体征对马肝肿瘤的诊断挑战。在马的鉴别诊断中应考虑肝脏肿瘤与不明原因的体重减轻和肝功能异常，无论年龄。

引用次数: 0

Parasympathetic tone, cardiovascular variables, and behavioral alterations in conscious horses before and after castration and during anesthesia: A pilot study 阉割前后和麻醉期间清醒马的副交感神经张力、心血管变量和行为改变：一项初步研究。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105781

J.E. Mendoza Flores , A. Terrazas , A.V. Lara Sagahon , M. Aleman

Background

Parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) and its association with behavior in conscious versus anesthesia in horses are unknown.

Objetives

To study PTA, heart rate (HR), minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during castration under anesthesia. To study PTA, HR, Horse Grimace Scale (HGS), locomotor activity (LA), and behavior in conscious horses before and after castration.

Methods

Pilot study including seven healthy adult horses. After habituation (days 1, 2, and 3), PTAm, HR, HGS, LA, and behavior were investigated during pre-surgery (days 4-, 5-, and one-hour pre-anesthesia), and post-surgery (6 h post-surgery and days 7 and 8) periods. PTAm, HR, MAP, and MAC were recorded during castration.

Results

PTAm increased significantly during anesthesia (P < 0.001), with sequential increase as time passed (P < 0.001): 15 min = 27.4% (62.6, CI 57.3-67.8), 20 min = 38.2% (70, CI 55.7-84.3), 25 min = 59.6% (87.9, CI 76.3-99.4), 30 min = 55.6% (84.1, CI 76.8-91.5). MAP increased significantly after emasculation (P < 0.003) at 1 min (91 mmHg, CI 77.3-104.7) and 5 min (81 mmHg, CI 67.3-94.7). An increase HGS (P < 0.05), PTAm (Δ16%, P < 0.001), head up latency (P = 0.042), and frequency of limb retraction (P = 0.042), while a decrease in LA (P = 0.004), appetite (P = 0.043), and water consumption (P < 0.05) in days post-surgery were observed.

Conclusion

Modulation of vagal tone occurs in response to castration under anesthesia and preservation of homeostasis days post-surgery.

背景：马在清醒状态和麻醉状态下的副交感神经张力活动（PTA）及其与行为的关系尚不清楚。目的：研究麻醉下阉割时的PTA、心率（HR）、最小肺泡浓度（MAC）和平均动脉压（MAP）。目的研究阉割前后清醒马的PTA、HR、马鬼脸量表（HGS）、运动活动（LA）和行为。方法：对7匹健康成年马进行初步研究。习惯化后（第1、2和3天），术前（麻醉前4、5和1小时）和术后（术后6小时和第7和8天）分别调查PTAm、HR、HGS、LA和行为。去势时记录PTAm、HR、MAP、MAC。结果：PTAm在麻醉过程中明显升高（P < 0.001），且随时间的推移呈顺序升高（P < 0.001）： 15 min = 27.4% (62.6,CI 57.3-67.8), 20 min = 38.2% (70,CI 55.7-84.3), 25 min = 59.6% (87.9,CI 76.3-99.4), 30 min = 55.6% （84.1,CI 76.8-91.5）。去势后1 min （91 mmHg, CI 77.3-104.7）和5 min (81 mmHg, CI 67.3-94.7) MAP显著升高（P < 0.003）。硫化汞增加(P < 0.05),加以改进(Δ16%,P < 0.001),头延迟(P = 0.042),和四肢收缩的频率(P = 0.042),同时减少(P = 0.004),食欲(P = 0.043),和水消费在天观察对象(P < 0.05)。结论：迷走神经张力的调节发生在麻醉下阉割和术后维持稳态的反应中。

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引用次数: 0