Journal of Equine Veterinary Science最新文献_第4页

Bacterial contamination of covered versus non-covered plates in a sterile operating room in an equine referral center 马转诊中心无菌手术室中有盖板与无盖板的细菌污染

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105775

Kathryn Dersch, Amanda Kreuder, Chong Wang, Jarrod Troy

Background

Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common postoperative complication of equine orthopedic surgery and often increase morbidity and mortality.

Aims/Objectives

This study aimed to determine if covering surgical instruments during surgery decreased bacterial environmental air contamination during early opening of surgical packs (EOSP). The authors hypothesized that covering instruments with sterile surgical towels would reduce the total number of bacterial colonies to which the instruments were exposed.

Methods

Blood agar plates (BAP) were allocated into two groups (non-covered vs. covered with a sterile huck towel), tested in triplicate, and were exposed to environmental operating room air on sterile surgical instrument tables during 6 orthopedic procedures. Exposure time points for BAP groups were 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min; the 120 min time point was used for bacterial speciation to identify the most common bacteria colonies present.

Results

Non-covered BAP contained more colonies than covered at 30 [mean non-covered colonies ± standard deviation; 7.9 ± 7.2], 60 [11±7.9], 90 [16.7 ± 11.3], and 120 [20.3 ± 14.7] min (p < 0.01). Gram-positive coccus were the most identified bacteria during speciation, however, many of the bacterial species identified are not commonly reported in equine postoperative SSI.

Conclusion

These results suggest that covering instruments with a sterile huck towel may reduce bacterial air contamination from 30 to 120 min of operating time. Covering surgical instruments with a sterile towel or drape may aid in reducing bacterial contamination or colony counts when utilizing EOSP in equine surgical cases. Future studies aiming to correlate air contamination with equine SSI would be beneficial.

手术部位感染（SSI）是马骨科手术常见的术后并发症，通常会增加发病率和死亡率。目的/目的本研究旨在确定在手术过程中覆盖手术器械是否可以减少手术包早期打开（EOSP）时细菌环境空气污染。作者假设，用无菌手术毛巾覆盖器械将减少器械暴露的细菌菌落总数。方法将血琼脂板（BAP）分为两组（未覆盖组和无菌毛巾覆盖组），每组检测3份，在6例骨科手术中暴露于无菌手术器械台上的环境手术室空气中。BAP组暴露时间点分别为0、30、60、90、120 min；120 min时间点用于细菌物种形成，以确定存在的最常见细菌菌落。结果未覆盖的BAP比覆盖的BAP含有更多的菌落，为30[平均未覆盖的菌落±标准差；7.9±7.2),60(11±7.9),90(16.7±11.3),120(20.3±14.7)分钟(p & lt; 0.01)。革兰氏阳性球菌是物种形成过程中鉴定最多的细菌，然而，许多鉴定的细菌种类在马术后SSI中并不常见。结论用无菌毛巾覆盖器械可减少30 ~ 120 min的细菌空气污染。在马手术病例中使用EOSP时，用无菌毛巾或窗帘覆盖手术器械可能有助于减少细菌污染或菌落计数。未来旨在将空气污染与马SSI联系起来的研究将是有益的。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of melatonin on inflammatory cytokine profiles in 24-hour cultured equine uterine explants’ 褪黑素对24小时培养马子宫外植体炎症细胞因子谱的影响。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105776

Murilo F. Rodrigues , Adriana P. Neves , Rogério Ferreira , Gilson A. Pessoa , Denise N. Araujo , Guilherme V. de Souza

Background

Melatonin has demonstrated beneficial effects in regulating inflammatory processes in various tissues, but its role in mare uterine physiology remains unclear.

Aims

To investigate the effects of melatonin on the gene expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α) in equine uterine explants cultured for 6, 12, or 24 hours.

Methods

The study was divided into two experiments. Part 1 aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of melatonin at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mM on endometrial cells. Part 2 aimed to determine the expression of inflammatory cytokines in uterine explants. In Part 2, fifty-four uterine explants were cultured in vitro in William’s medium, supplemented with melatonin (0.5 mM or 1.0 mM) or a no-melatonin control (MEL0), with or without sperm-induced inflammation (denoted as MEL0.5+, MEL1.0+, MEL0+ or MEL0.5-, MEL1.0-, MEL0-, respectively) at 6, 12, or 24 hours of culture under 5 % O₂ and CO₂.

Results

Relative cytokine gene expression did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) among treatments or time points, except for IL-1β at 24 hours, where MEL0- showed higher expression than both MEL0.5- and MEL0.5+. No other treatment comparisons reached statistical significance.

Conclusion

These results suggest that melatonin did not exert measurable anti-inflammatory effects in sperm-exposed uterine explants within a 24-hour culture period. Future studies should explore longer culture durations or alternative inflammatory stimuli, such lipopolysaccharides to further elucidate melatonin the potential immunomodulatory role in the equine endometrium.

背景：褪黑素已被证明在调节多种组织的炎症过程中具有有益作用，但其在母马子宫生理中的作用尚不清楚。目的：探讨褪黑素对培养6、12、24小时的马子宫组织细胞因子（IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和TNF-α）基因表达的影响。方法：本研究分为两个实验。第一部分旨在评估褪黑激素浓度为0、0.5、1、2、4和8 mM时对子宫内膜细胞的细胞毒性。第2部分旨在检测炎性细胞因子在子宫外植体中的表达。在第二部分中，54个子宫外植体在威廉氏培养基中体外培养，补充褪黑激素（0.5 mM或1.0 mM）或无褪黑激素对照（MEL0），有或没有精子诱导的炎症（分别表示为MEL0.5+, MEL1.0+， MEL0+或MEL0.5-, MEL1.0-, MEL0-），在5% O₂和CO₂下培养6,12或24小时。结果：除IL-1β在24 h时MEL0-表达高于MEL0.5-和MEL0.5+外，不同处理和时间点的相关细胞因子基因表达无显著差异（P < 0.05）。其他治疗比较均无统计学意义。结论：在24小时的培养期内，褪黑素对精子暴露的子宫外植体没有明显的抗炎作用。未来的研究应该探索更长的培养时间或替代炎症刺激，如脂多糖，以进一步阐明褪黑素在马子宫内膜中的潜在免疫调节作用。

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引用次数: 0

Antibiotics prescribing patterns and association with system-specific pathologies in equine veterinary practice: Insights from a 12-year study at a veterinary teaching hospital 马兽医实践中抗生素处方模式和与系统特异性病理的关联：来自兽医教学医院12年研究的见解

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105779

M. Vernaccini, L. de Marchi, F. Bindi, V. Meucci, G. Sala, D. Cingottini, M. Sgorbini

Background

Antibiotics are essential in veterinary medicine, enhancing animal health and welfare. However, widespread use contributes to resistance, increasing the risk of treatment failure and the transmission to humans.

Aims/objectives

Analyze antibiotic prescribing practices in an equine internal medicine unit, focusing on factors influencing use, particularly Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials (HPCIAs).

Methods

1315 adult equids, including horses, donkeys and mules, presented for different diseases to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of the University of Pisa from 2011 to 2023. Retrospective study focused on the prudent antibiotics use in equids. Medical records were reviewed, and data were extracted from the VTH management system, including antimicrobial class, patient characteristics, and body system/system-specific pathology.

Results

Antibiotic use varied significantly across system-specific pathology (p < 0.001), with highest usage in integumentary, ocular, and respiratory conditions. Aminoglycosides were the most frequently administered class, followed by tetracyclines and fixed-dose combinations (preparations containing two or more antimicrobial active ingredients). Over time, antibiotic class usage shifted significantly (p < 0.001). Ceftiofur and gentamicin were used in pneumonia and pleuropneumonia, oxytetracycline was mainly used for piroplasmosis, and tobramycin for corneal ulcers. Combination therapy, particularly gentamicin-ceftiofur, was most commonly used for respiratory infections.

Conclusion

Antibiotic prescribing patterns in equine practice are heterogeneous and directly linked to system-specific pathologies. The observed use of HPCIAs, coupled with the dominance of aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, highlights areas where prescribing practices could be optimized. These results suggest the relevance of developing and implementing targeted Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) strategies, focusing on evidence-based diagnostics and educational programs.

抗生素在兽医学中是必不可少的，可以提高动物的健康和福利。然而，广泛使用会导致耐药性，增加治疗失败和传播给人类的风险。目的/目的分析马内科单位的抗生素处方做法，重点关注影响使用的因素，特别是最高优先级至关重要的抗菌素（hpcia）。方法2011 - 2023年在比萨大学兽医教学医院（VTH）因不同疾病就诊的1315匹成年马，包括马、驴和骡子。对马科动物谨慎使用抗生素进行回顾性研究。审查医疗记录，并从VTH管理系统中提取数据，包括抗菌药物类别、患者特征和身体系统/系统特异性病理。结果抗生素的使用在不同的系统特异性病理中有显著差异（p < 0.001），在皮肤、眼部和呼吸系统疾病中使用率最高。氨基糖苷类是最常用的一类，其次是四环素类和固定剂量组合（含有两种或两种以上抗菌活性成分的制剂）。随着时间的推移，抗生素种类的使用发生了显著变化（p < 0.001）。头孢替福和庆大霉素用于治疗肺炎和胸膜肺炎，土霉素主要用于治疗螺形体病，妥布霉素主要用于治疗角膜溃疡。联合治疗，特别是庆大霉素-头孢替福，最常用于呼吸道感染。结论马科实践中抗生素处方模式具有异质性，且与系统特异性病理直接相关。观察到HPCIAs的使用，加上氨基糖苷类和四环素类药物的优势，突出了处方实践可以优化的领域。这些结果表明，制定和实施有针对性的抗微生物药物管理（AMS）战略具有重要意义，重点是循证诊断和教育计划。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of intrauterine ozone insufflation in eleven subfertile mares: a case series 11例不孕母马宫内臭氧充气的影响：一个案例系列。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105778

R. Moroni , D. Fanelli , S. Maltinti , M. Orefice , A. Rota , F. Camillo , P. Melanie , C. Cantile , V. Miragliotta , A. Pirone , G. Lazzarini , F. Passamonti , P. Marmorini , M. Ori , D. Panzani

Equine persistent breeding-induced endometritis can lead to chronic uterine inflammation and fibrosis, reducing fertility. Intrauterine ozone (O₃) has recently been proposed as a potential treatment for mares unresponsive to conventional therapies. This case series describes O₃ treatment in eleven mares barren for at least one year despite multiple inseminations attempts. During the first oestrous cycle, low-volume uterine lavage and endometrial biopsy were performed, followed by 3 consecutive days of intrauterine O₂–O₃ gas insufflation. In the subsequent cycle, both procedures were repeated and mares were inseminated with fresh/fresh-cooled semen. Pregnancy was confirmed 14 days post-ovulation and was monitored until parturition. Ten/11 (90.9%) mares conceived and 9/11 (81.8%) delivered a live foal. Post-treatment biopsies showed a significant increase in CD163+ M2 macrophages, suggesting a positive influence of O₃ on endometrial tissue remodeling. These results suggest that O₃ therapy may contribute to fertility restoration in subfertile mares, but further studies are needed.

马持续性繁殖诱导的子宫内膜炎可导致慢性子宫炎症和纤维化，降低生育能力。宫内臭氧（O₃）最近被提议作为对传统疗法无反应的母马的潜在治疗方法。这个案例系列描述了11匹尽管多次尝试人工授精，但至少一年不能生育的母马的O₃治疗。在第一个发情周期，进行小容量子宫灌洗和子宫内膜活检，随后连续3天宫内O₂-O₃充气。在随后的周期中，重复这两个程序，并用新鲜/新鲜冷却的精液对母马进行人工授精。排卵后14天确认妊娠，并监测至分娩。11匹母马中有10匹（90.9%）怀孕，9匹（81.8%）产下活马驹。治疗后活检显示CD163+ M2巨噬细胞显著增加，表明O₃对子宫内膜组织重塑有积极影响。这些结果表明，O₃疗法可能有助于恢复弱育母马的生育能力，但还需要进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Enrofloxacin induces mild and transient vascular alterations following regional limb perfusion in horses 恩诺沙星在马肢体局部灌注后引起轻度和短暂的血管改变。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105777

T.C. Valente , R.P. Mendes , E.L. Miguel , L.A. Rafael , G.S.N. Ribeiro , A.F. Souza , J.H. Fonteque

Background

Regional intravenous limb perfusion (RILP) is widely used in equine practice for achieving high local antimicrobial concentrations while minimizing systemic exposure. However, certain drugs, including enrofloxacin, have been associated with vascular irritation and thrombosis, and their thrombogenic potential remains poorly characterized.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of enrofloxacin administered via RILP in the cephalic vein of clinically healthy horses.

Methods

Ten adult horses underwent RILP in both forelimbs: the right limb received 10 % enrofloxacin (1.5 mg/kg) diluted in 0.9 % NaCl to a total volume of 20 mL, while the left limb served as control (0.9 % NaCl, 20 mL). Clinical, thermographic, and ultrasonographic assessments were performed at baseline, immediately after tourniquet removal, and 24 and 48 hours post-RILP. Statistical comparisons were made between treatments and time points (p < 0.05).

Results

No alterations in vital parameters were observed. No temperature differences occurred between limbs, although transient bilateral increases were detected immediately after tourniquet removal. Ultrasonography revealed temporary reductions in venous lumen diameter, returning to baseline within 24 hours in both groups. In the treated group, venous wall thickening was detected in six horses, and one developed mild thrombophlebitis. All lessons were resolved within 48 hours.

Conclusions

A single administration of enrofloxacin via RILP in the cephalic vein induced only mild and transient vascular changes, suggesting a low thrombogenic potential in healthy adult horses.

背景：局部肢体静脉灌注（RILP）广泛用于马的实践，以实现高局部抗菌浓度，同时最大限度地减少全身暴露。然而，某些药物，包括恩诺沙星，与血管刺激和血栓形成有关，其致血栓的潜力仍不清楚。目的：本研究旨在评估临床健康马的头静脉经RILP给药恩诺沙星的血栓形成潜力。方法：10匹成年马在前肢进行双侧rlip，右肢给予10%恩诺沙星（1.5 mg/kg）用0.9% NaCl稀释至20 mL，左肢作为对照（0.9% NaCl, 20 mL）。在基线、止血带拆除后立即以及rilp后24和48小时进行临床、热成像和超声评估。治疗组与时间点比较有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。结果：各组生命参数无明显变化。四肢之间没有温度差异，尽管在移除止血带后立即检测到短暂的双侧升高。超声检查显示两组静脉腔直径暂时减小，在24小时内恢复到基线。治疗组6匹马出现静脉壁增厚，1匹马出现轻度血栓性静脉炎。所有课程均在48小时内解决。结论：通过头静脉RILP单次给药恩诺沙星仅引起轻微和短暂的血管改变，表明健康成年马的血栓形成潜力低。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolomics of stallion seminal plasma: Identification of potential fertility biomarkers based on differences between high and low pregnancy stallions 种马精浆代谢组学：基于高妊娠和低妊娠种马之间差异的潜在生育生物标志物鉴定。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105780

V.L.C. Bueno , H.B.A. Bastos , L.A.M. Centeno , F. Schmitt , G. Larentis , R.C. Mattos , S. Fiala-Rechsteiner

Background

The seminal plasma (SP), a fluid originating from the testes, epididymis, and accessory sex glands, represents 98 % of the volume of stallion ejaculate. Metabolomic analysis enables the identification of final products of metabolic pathways, providing insights into reproductive physiology.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the metabolomic profile of stallion seminal plasma and to investigate metabolic differences between stallions with high and low pregnancy rates, in order to identify potential biomarkers associated with fertility.

Methods

Twenty-four Criollo stallions, were sampled for molecular biology once during the breeding season.

Results

Pregnancy rates at day 16 post-insemination ranged from 20.2 % to 95.6 %, forming two groups: High Pregnancy (HP; ≥60 %) and Low Pregnancy (LP; ≤50 %). Semen was evaluated for concentration, kinetics, morphology, and membrane integrity. Metabolic profiling using UHPLC-QTOF-MS identified 18 metabolites, including acetyl carnitine, carnitine, isoleucine, methylbutanoyl carnitine, ornithine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, taurine, palmitate, lactate, phosphate, oleate, stearate, citrate, fructose, hippurate, 1,3-dioxan-5-ol, and melatonin. Oleate showed higher abundance in LP stallions (P < 0.05), whereas taurine and phosphate were enriched in HP stallions (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed 13 metabolites significantly associated with reproductive outcomes, with phosphate and 1,3-dioxan-5-ol emerging as the most relevant. Phosphate, in particular, was highlighted as a potential fertility biomarker due to its essential role in sperm energy metabolism via pyrophosphate breakdown.

Conclusion

These findings elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying subfertility and support the identification of biomarkers for fertility prediction, offering potential applications in reproductive management and optimization strategies for stallions.

背景：精液（SP）是一种源自睾丸、附睾和副性腺的液体，占种马射精量的98%。代谢组学分析能够识别代谢途径的最终产物，为生殖生理学提供见解。目的：研究种马精浆代谢组学特征，探讨高、低妊娠率种马的代谢差异，以确定与生育相关的潜在生物标志物。方法：选取24匹克里奥罗种马，在繁殖季节进行一次分子生物学检测。结果：人工授精后第16天妊娠率为20.2% ~ 95.6%，分为高妊娠组（HP≥60%）和低妊娠组（LP≤50%）。精液的浓度、动力学、形态和膜完整性被评估。使用UHPLC-QTOF-MS鉴定了18种代谢物，包括乙酰肉碱、肉碱、异亮氨酸、甲基丁醇肉碱、鸟氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、牛磺酸、棕榈酸盐、乳酸盐、磷酸盐、油酸盐、硬脂酸盐、柠檬酸盐、果糖、马来酸盐、1,3-二恶烷-5-醇和褪黑激素。油酸在LP种中含量较高（P < 0.05），而牛磺酸和磷酸盐在HP种中含量较高（P < 0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示，13种代谢物与生殖结果显著相关，其中磷酸盐和1,3-二恶烷-5-醇的相关性最强。特别是磷酸盐，由于其通过焦磷酸盐分解在精子能量代谢中起重要作用，因此被强调为潜在的生育生物标志物。结论：这些研究结果阐明了低育性的分子机制，支持了生育预测的生物标志物的鉴定，为种马的生殖管理和优化策略提供了潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Myo-Inositol Nano-Emulsion for Enhancing Stallion Chilled Semen: Insights from In Vivo and In Silico Analyses of Sperm Quality, Oxidative Stress, Ultrastructure, Mitochondrial Response, and Semen Bacteriology 增强种马冷冻精液的肌醇纳米乳：精子质量、氧化应激、超微结构、线粒体反应和精液细菌学的体内和计算机分析。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105766

W.A. Khalil , M.I. Sharf , M.K. Derbala , M.A. Alfattah , M.A.E. Hassan , W. Alhujaili , M.A. El-Harairy , S.A. Abdelnour

Background: Oxidative stress is a major contributor to male infertility. Therefore, fortifying assisted reproductive technology with nanotechnology could enhance sperm preservation.

Aims/objectives: This study aimed to examine the impact of myo-inositol nano-emulsion (MINE) supplementation in semen extender on sperm quality, redox balance, semen bacteriology, apoptosis, ultrastructure, and acrosome status of chilled stallion semen.

Methods: Semen samples were collected and preserved with 0 (MINE0), 1 (MINE1), and 2 (MINE2) mg of MINE/mL of extender.

Results: Results revealed that extender fortified with 1 or 2 mg of MINE significantly improved sperm progressive motility, viability, and membrane integrity after 72 hours of cooling (p < 0.05). All MINE levels significantly reduced the sperm abnormalities of chilled stallions’ semen (p < 0.01) and significantly improved the number of intact acrosomes (p < 0.05). Fortified chilled stallion semen with MINE significantly boosted antioxidant defenses (total antioxidant capacity and catalase), while significantly lowering oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide) (p < 0.05). MINE significantly reduced the populations of total bacteria, coliform, and spore-forming bacteria in the treated groups (p < 0.01). The molecular docking study showed that myo-inositol has a strong binding affinity to key mitochondrial proteins (GPX2, ALDH1A1, UQCRC2, VDAC2, and AKAP3), with calculated binding energies of -4.0, -3.62, -2.94, -2.72, and -2.31 kcal/mol indicating antioxidant defense mechanisms. The inclusion of MINE preserved the sperm ultrastructure, as evidenced by normal acrosome, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasma membrane integrity when observed using SEM.

Conclusion: MINE's potent antioxidants and anti-apoptotic properties effectively mitigate oxidative stress and boost mitochondrial function in stallion sperm cells.

背景：氧化应激是男性不育的主要原因。因此，用纳米技术强化辅助生殖技术可以提高精子的保存能力。目的：本研究旨在研究在精液扩展剂中添加肌醇纳米乳（MINE）对冷藏种马精液的精子质量、氧化还原平衡、精液细菌学、细胞凋亡、超微结构和顶体状态的影响。方法：采集精液标本，用0 （MINE0）、1 （MINE1）、2 (MINE2) mg /mL的扩展剂保存。结果表明，在冷却72小时后，添加1或2 mg矿化矿的扩展剂可显著提高精子的进行性运动性、活力和膜完整性(p)。结论：矿化矿具有有效的抗氧化和抗凋亡特性，可有效减轻种马精子细胞的氧化应激，提高线粒体功能。

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引用次数: 0

Urine sediment characterisation in physically healthy adult jennies (Equus asinus). A cross-sectional study 身体健康的成年珍妮马（马属）尿液沉积物特征。横断面研究。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105761

I.M. Țăpuc , A.N. Mureșan , M. Mircean , I. Papuc

Urinalysis is a valuable, non-invasive method for evaluating renal function, yet data on donkey urinary parameters remain scarce. This study characterised urinary sediment in fifty-four healthy adult jennies, established urine specific gravity (USG) reference intervals, and proposed a preliminary semi-quantitative sediment grading scale. Urine samples were collected via catheterisation and analysed using refractometry, dipstick testing, and microscopy. The median USG was 1.048 (IQR: 1.040–1.055) with a pH of 7.6 (IQR: 7.2–8.0). Leukocytes and glucose were absent; erythrocytes were found in one sample. Calcium carbonate crystals were present in all samples, followed by calcium oxalate monohydrate (74.07%), mucus filaments (66.67%), and epithelial cells (57.41%). Granular casts were observed in 27.77% and hyaline casts in 7.41% of samples.

Healthy jennies show USG values similar to horses. Urinary sediment had abundant calcium carbonate and notable calcium oxalate crystals. These findings establish baseline sediment profiles and support the future validation of a grading scale for sediment evaluation.

尿液分析是一种有价值的、非侵入性的评估肾功能的方法，然而关于驴尿参数的数据仍然很少。本研究对54名健康成年女性的尿液沉积物进行了表征，建立了尿液比重（USG）参考区间，并提出了初步的半定量沉积物分级量表。尿液样本通过导尿收集，并使用折射仪、试纸测试和显微镜进行分析。中位USG为1.048 (IQR: 1.040-1.055)， pH为7.6 （IQR: 7.2-8.0）。白细胞和葡萄糖缺失；在一个样本中发现了红细胞。所有样品中均存在碳酸钙晶体，其次是一水草酸钙（74.07%）、粘液丝（66.67%）和上皮细胞（57.41%）。27.77%为粒状铸件，7.41%为透明铸件。健康珍妮的USG值与马相似。尿液沉积物中含有丰富的碳酸钙和显著的草酸钙晶体。这些发现建立了基线沉积物剖面，并支持沉积物评价分级尺度的未来验证。

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引用次数: 0

A pilot study to investigate the effect of insemination on secretory cell activity post-ovulation in the isthmus of the equine oviduct 研究人工授精对马输卵管峡部排卵后分泌细胞活性影响的初步研究。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2026.105765

C.J.P. Jones , J.D. Aplin , S. Wilsher

There is little information on non-ciliated secretory cell numbers in the equine oviduct isthmus over the course of the estrous cycle and the effect, if any, of insemination. Lectin histochemistry was used on a series of 13 oviducts taken at different stages of the estrous cycle, with and without insemination, to monitor glycosylation changes and the distribution of secretory cells characterised by a prominent cytoplasmic accumulation of glycoconjugates. There appeared to be an increase in secretory cells expressing a wide range of glycans in all specimens at estrus. One day after ovulation, observation suggested a marked decrease in binding of most of the lectins except in inseminated specimens in which a subset of specific intracellular sugar structures (containing terminal fucose and/or certain N-glycans) seemed to be preserved at a level similar to that seen during estrus. At diestrus, there was an apparent further reduction in the number of lectin-positive secretory cells. Spermatozoa in the oviduct can produce changes in the oviductal transcriptome in mice, as well as altering the extracellular vesicle cargo released from oviductal epithelial cells. Hence, it is possible that the upregulation and maintenance of fucosylated, N-linked glycans in the inseminated specimens may reflect a continuing need for glycoprotein secretion into oviductal fluid in the horse. These preliminary data suggest that changes in the fluid may play a role in maintaining the sperm reservoir, the events leading to capacitation and possibly early embryo development.

在整个发情周期的过程中，马的输卵管峡部的非纤毛分泌细胞数量和人工授精的影响（如果有的话）的信息很少。采用凝集素组织化学方法，对13条输卵管在不同的发情周期阶段（有和没有授精）进行检测，以监测糖基化变化和分泌细胞的分布，其特征是糖结合物的显著细胞质积累。在发情期，所有标本中表达多种聚糖的分泌细胞似乎都有所增加。排卵后一天，观察显示大多数凝集素的结合明显减少，除了在受精标本中，特定的细胞内糖结构亚群（包含末端聚焦和/或某些n -聚糖）似乎保留在与发情期间相似的水平。在绝育时，凝集素阳性分泌细胞的数量明显进一步减少。输卵管中的精子可以引起小鼠输卵管转录组的变化，并改变输卵管上皮细胞释放的细胞外囊泡货物。因此，受精标本中集中的n链聚糖的上调和维持可能反映了马体持续需要将糖蛋白分泌到输卵管液中。这些初步数据表明，液体的变化可能在维持精子库中起作用，导致获能和可能的早期胚胎发育的事件。

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引用次数: 0

Weekly riding frequency has a greater impact than rider skill level on western riders' identification of stirrup asymmetry 每周骑行频率对西方骑手对马镫不对称识别的影响大于骑手技术水平。

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105758

Emily N Jolley, Ariel H Higgins, Alyssa A Logan

Background

Asymmetry of stirrups and rider experience level has shown to impact rider symmetry and position.

Objectives

This study aims to determine if novice and advanced riders can detect stirrup asymmetry in the same frequency, hypothesizing that advanced riders would detect asymmetry in a greater frequency.

Methods

Ten stock-type horses and 10 (5 advanced, 5 novice) riders, paired together to test random stirrup treatments. Riders were assigned to a horse for 2 rides, one with asymmetric stirrups, the other with symmetric stirrups, but blinded to their treatments. At the end of both rides, they took a survey and answered questions about the ride and symmetry.

Results

Correct stirrup identification was found in 60 % of advanced and 50 % of novice riders (P = 0.10). Advanced riders were found to ride a greater hours per week than novice (P = 0.033).

Conclusion

Weekly riding frequency may impact asymmetry identification, not just experience.

背景：马镫的不对称性和骑手的经验水平影响骑手的对称性和位置。目的：本研究旨在确定新手和高级骑手是否可以在相同的频率下检测到马镫不对称，假设高级骑手会在更高的频率下检测到不对称。方法：10匹家畜型马和10名（5名高级骑手，5名新手）骑手配对进行随机马镫治疗试验。骑手们被分配到一匹马上骑两次，一次骑不对称的马镫，另一次骑对称的马镫，但对他们的治疗不知情。在两次骑行结束后，他们接受了一项调查，并回答了有关骑行和对称性的问题。结果：60%的高级骑手和50%的新手骑手正确识别马镫（P = 0.10）。高级骑手每周骑行的时间比新手多（P = 0.033）。结论：每周骑行频率可能影响不对称识别，而不仅仅是体验。

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引用次数: 0