Wenchun Jiang, Yun-Xu Luo, Weiya Zhang, W. Woo, S. Tu
{"title":"Effect of Temperature Fluctuation on Creep and Failure Probability for Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell","authors":"Wenchun Jiang, Yun-Xu Luo, Weiya Zhang, W. Woo, S. Tu","doi":"10.1115/1.4031697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031697","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"051004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63492602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The water transport behavior of the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was investigated by comparing the performance of several cells containing different microporous layers (MPLs). The capillary pressure and effective diffusivity of the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the CCL play an important role in the transport of water generated in the PEMFC. Experimental data for various inlet humidities and air stoichiometries were evaluated using the modified water vapor activity with the capillary pressure of the MPL. The capillary pressures in the MPLs and CCL are approximated using a polynomial function of liquid saturation. There was a significant increase in the diffusion resistance of oxygen in the CCL, while that in the MPLs and CCL was moderate, which indicates that the CCL is susceptible to flooding.
{"title":"Water Transport in a PEMFC Based on the Difference in Capillary Pressure Between the Cathode Catalyst Layer and Microporous Layer","authors":"E. Nishiyama, Masaya Hara, T. Murahashi, K. Nakao","doi":"10.1115/1.4031774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031774","url":null,"abstract":"The water transport behavior of the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was investigated by comparing the performance of several cells containing different microporous layers (MPLs). The capillary pressure and effective diffusivity of the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the CCL play an important role in the transport of water generated in the PEMFC. Experimental data for various inlet humidities and air stoichiometries were evaluated using the modified water vapor activity with the capillary pressure of the MPL. The capillary pressures in the MPLs and CCL are approximated using a polynomial function of liquid saturation. There was a significant increase in the diffusion resistance of oxygen in the CCL, while that in the MPLs and CCL was moderate, which indicates that the CCL is susceptible to flooding.","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"051005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63492506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Channel Geometry on Formability of 304 Stainless Steel Bipolar Plates for Fuel Cells—Simulation and Experiments","authors":"Tingting Zhou, Yong-Song Chen","doi":"10.1115/1.4031538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"051001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63492391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Simple Analytical Model of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell","authors":"Sh. Fakourian, M. Kalbasi, M. M. Hasani-Sadrabadi","doi":"10.1115/1.4031696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031696","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"051003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031696","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63492588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Improvement for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Hydrogen Pressure Pulsation Approach","authors":"Q. Jia, Caizhi Z. Zhang, Bin Deng, Ming Han","doi":"10.1115/1.4031525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031525","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"041008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63492379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wang Longlong, H. Mao, Xiaojin Zhou, Qunjie Xu, Qiaoxia Li
{"title":"The Impregnating Reduction Method for Synthesis of Pt–Ru Nanoparticles and Its Catalytic Performance for Methanol Electro-oxidation","authors":"Wang Longlong, H. Mao, Xiaojin Zhou, Qunjie Xu, Qiaoxia Li","doi":"10.1115/1.4029874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4029874","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"041001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4029874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63489218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to develop a predictive model of real cell performance, firm relationships and assumptions need to be established for the definition of the physical and microstructure parameters for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). This study explores the correlations of microstructure parameters from a microscale level, together with mass transfer and electrochemical reactions inside the electrodes, providing a novel approach to predict SOFC performance numerically. Based on the physical connections and interactions of microstructure parameters, two submodel correlations (i.e., porosity–tortuosity and porosity–particle size ratio) are proposed. Three experiments from literature are selected to facilitate the validation of the numerical results with experimental data. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the impact of the adopted submodel correlations to the SOFC performance predictions. Normally, the microstructural inputs in the numerical model need to be measured by experiments in order to test the real cell performance. By adopting the two submodel correlations, the simulation can be performed without obtaining relatively hard-to-measure microstructural parameters such as tortuosity and particle size, yet still accurately mimicking a real-world well-structured SOFC operation. By accurately and rationally predicting the microstructural parameters, this study can eventually help to aid the experimental and optimization study of SOFC.
{"title":"Microscale Correlations Adoption in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell","authors":"C. Wang","doi":"10.1115/1.4031153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031153","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop a predictive model of real cell performance, firm relationships and assumptions need to be established for the definition of the physical and microstructure parameters for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). This study explores the correlations of microstructure parameters from a microscale level, together with mass transfer and electrochemical reactions inside the electrodes, providing a novel approach to predict SOFC performance numerically. Based on the physical connections and interactions of microstructure parameters, two submodel correlations (i.e., porosity–tortuosity and porosity–particle size ratio) are proposed. Three experiments from literature are selected to facilitate the validation of the numerical results with experimental data. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the impact of the adopted submodel correlations to the SOFC performance predictions. Normally, the microstructural inputs in the numerical model need to be measured by experiments in order to test the real cell performance. By adopting the two submodel correlations, the simulation can be performed without obtaining relatively hard-to-measure microstructural parameters such as tortuosity and particle size, yet still accurately mimicking a real-world well-structured SOFC operation. By accurately and rationally predicting the microstructural parameters, this study can eventually help to aid the experimental and optimization study of SOFC.","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"041006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63491448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Analysis of a Small-Scale Flowing Electrolyte–Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Stack","authors":"Yashar Kablou, C. Cruickshank, E. Matida","doi":"10.1115/1.4031423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"041007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63491597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Channel Dimensional Error Effect of Stamped Bipolar Plates on the Characteristics of Gas Diffusion Layer Contact Pressure for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks","authors":"Diankai Qiu, P. Yi, Linfa Peng, X. Lai","doi":"10.1115/1.4030513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4030513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"041002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4030513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63490345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a novel startup approach for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid systems (HSs) based on recompression technology. This startup approach shows a novel method of managing a complete plant to obtain better performance, which is always also a difficult task for equipment manufactures. The research activities were carried out using the HS emulator rig located in Savona (Italy) and developed by the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of the University of Genoa. The test rig consists of three integrated technologies: a 100 kWe recuperated microturbine modified for external connections, a high temperature modular vessel necessary to emulate the dimensions of an SOFC stack, and, for air recompression, a turbocharger necessary to increase fuel cell pressure (using part of the recuperator outlet flow) as required for efficiency increase and to manage the cathodic recirculation. It was necessary to develop a theoretical model in order to prevent abnormal plant startup conditions as well as motivated by economic considerations. This transient model of the emulator rig was developed using Matlab®-Simulink® environment to study the time-dependent (including the control system aspects) behavior during the entire system (emulator equipped with the turbocharger) startup condition. The results obtained were able to demonstrate that the HS startup phase can be safely managed with better performance developing a new control logic. In detail, the startup phase reported in this paper shows that all important parameters were always inside acceptable operating zones (surge margin kept above 1.1, turbine outlet temperature (TOT), and fuel flow maintained lower than 918.15 K and 7.7 g/s, respectively).
{"title":"Simulation of an Innovative Startup Phase for SOFC Hybrid Systems Based on Recompression Technology: Emulator Test Rig","authors":"U. Damo, M. L. Ferrari, A. Turan, A. Massardo","doi":"10.1115/1.4031106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031106","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel startup approach for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid systems (HSs) based on recompression technology. This startup approach shows a novel method of managing a complete plant to obtain better performance, which is always also a difficult task for equipment manufactures. The research activities were carried out using the HS emulator rig located in Savona (Italy) and developed by the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of the University of Genoa. The test rig consists of three integrated technologies: a 100 kWe recuperated microturbine modified for external connections, a high temperature modular vessel necessary to emulate the dimensions of an SOFC stack, and, for air recompression, a turbocharger necessary to increase fuel cell pressure (using part of the recuperator outlet flow) as required for efficiency increase and to manage the cathodic recirculation. It was necessary to develop a theoretical model in order to prevent abnormal plant startup conditions as well as motivated by economic considerations. This transient model of the emulator rig was developed using Matlab®-Simulink® environment to study the time-dependent (including the control system aspects) behavior during the entire system (emulator equipped with the turbocharger) startup condition. The results obtained were able to demonstrate that the HS startup phase can be safely managed with better performance developing a new control logic. In detail, the startup phase reported in this paper shows that all important parameters were always inside acceptable operating zones (surge margin kept above 1.1, turbine outlet temperature (TOT), and fuel flow maintained lower than 918.15 K and 7.7 g/s, respectively).","PeriodicalId":15829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"041004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4031106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63491083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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