Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology最新文献

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a well-recognized risk factor for periodontitis and there is ample evidence that untreated periodontitis can worsen glycemic control in the diabetic population. However, the effect of untreated periodontitis on glycemic status of nondiabetic population is less explored. The aim of the study is to estimate and correlate glycemic control and inflammatory status with periodontal parameters of nondiabetic subjects with and without generalized periodontitis.

Materials and methods: Nondiabetic subjects between 18 and 60 years were divided into two groups: Group 1: periodontally healthy controls (n = 50) and Group 2: nondiabetic participants with chronic periodontitis (n = 50). Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and modified Sulcus Bleeding Index were recorded for all the individuals. Blood samples for the estimation of HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA IR) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples for the estimation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were collected. The GCF and the serum samples were processed using the ELISA kits.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between the test and control groups in the values of glycemic indicators; HbA1c (Group A - 5.19% ±0.47% and Group B - 5.90% ±0.46%), TNF-α (Group A - 15.52 ± 7.35 pg/ml and Group B - 35.25 ± 18.26 pg/ml), and HOMA IR (Group A - 3.45 ± 2.29; Group B - 5.78 ± 1.82). A lack of correlation was observed between periodontal parameters (PPD and CAL) and glycemic indicators such as HbA1c, TNF α, and HOMA IR in both the groups.

Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the HbA1c, HOMA IR, and TNF α between nondiabetic subjects with and without periodontitis indicating that untreated periodontal disease worsens the glycemic control and increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus in nondiabetic individuals.

Oral leukoplakia is a frequently encountered oral potentially malignant disorder that, if left untreated, could progress to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Though the tongue and buccal mucosa are the most common sites to be affected, the involvement of palatal gingiva is relatively rare. It is usually associated with high recurrence rates and a higher tendency to undergo malignant transformation. Surgical excision of the lesion is considered the gold-standard treatment strategy. This case report describes a case of oral leukoplakia involving the palatal gingiva in a 71-year-old male having no deleterious oral habits. The lesion was treated using surgical excision, and the defect was repaired using a free gingival graft from the opposite palatal gingiva. Although no recurrence was noted till 2 years following surgery, the patient was advised to undergo regular monitoring.

Background: Platelet concentrates and enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) have been used extensively for periodontal regenerative procedures. Modifications in processing protocols have resulted in a variety of concentrated platelet formulations. The present study evaluated the combination of a modified platelet concentrate, advanced platelet-rich fibrin plus (A-PRF+), with Emdogain^® on the proliferation and migration of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

Materials and methods: The study utilized an in vitro scratch and MTT assay for the stated purpose. We prepared A-PRF+ from healthy volunteer blood samples and procured Emdogain^® from Straumann India Pvt. Ltd. We compared A-PRF+, EMD, and the combination with distilled water for cell migration, proliferation, and wound closure at 0, 24, and 48 h.

Results: Increased cell migration and proliferation were observed from 24 to 48 h in all the groups with significant wound closure. After 48 h, the A-PRF+ and EMD group showed complete wound closure and the highest proliferation rate compared to either EMD or A-PRF+ alone, and distilled water.

Conclusion: The combined application of A-PRF+ and EMD promoted enhanced wound healing, surpassing the effects of EMD and A-PRF+ used individually. The study also demonstrated the superior ability of EMD alone in periodontal fibroblast healing. Cell migration and proliferation propensity of A-PRF+ endorse it as an option for regenerative therapy.

Aim: The study evaluates the efficacy of 10% doxycycline gel and 1% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel in the disinfection of sandblasted acid-etched titanium implant surfaces contaminated with Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Materials and methods: Titanium implants were divided into two groups - Group A and Group B, which were further subdivided into three subgroups (A1, A2, and A3 and B1, B2, and B3). All the implants were contaminated with P. gingivalis. Group A was treated with 10% doxycycline gel, and Group B was treated with 1% CHX gel. After decontamination with antimicrobials, the residual viable P. gingivalis count was assessed using the culture method.

Results: At baseline, the mean values recorded for Group A and Group B were 120,000,000 colony-forming unit (CFU). On day 1, the mean values recorded were 3291.67 CFU (Group A1) and 0 CFU (Group B1). On days 3 and 7, the mean values for the remaining groups (A2, A3, B2, and B3) were 0 CFU.

Conclusion: A single application of 1% CHX gel and multiple applications of 10% doxycycline gel were effective in achieving decontamination of implants. Hence, these gels could prove as cost-effective treatment modalities for peri-implantitis.

Background: Regeneration of the lost periodontium requires an abundant supply of the desired cell. Stem cells can provide progenitor cells at the target location; however stem cell therapy is technique sensitive. Thus, using periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) of an extracted tooth can act as a feasible and accessible alternative to an otherwise expensive elaborate process. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of direct transplantation of autologous PDLSC niche in two-walled or three-walled intrabony defects.

Materials and methods: A total of 16 patients having bilateral intrabony defects (total 32 sites) were recruited for the study. The socioeconomic status was also taken into consideration. After randomization, the sites were treated with either open flap debridement alone (control group) or open flap debridement followed by direct transplantation of autologous periodontal ligament stem cells niche (APDLSc Ni-test group). For each surgical site, clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. Radiographic assessment was made at baseline, 6, and 9 months.

Results: Both the groups have shown improvement from baseline to 9 months in clinical and radiological parameters, which was statistically significant. The intergroup comparison has shown a nonsignificant difference in favor of the APDLSc Ni group. However, bone fill was better with A PDLSc Ni than open flap debridement alone.

Conclusion: The result of the present study concluded that treatment of intrabony defect by direct transplantation of autologous periodontal ligament stem cells niche was beneficial and can be used in a simple clinical setup.

With partial edentulism prevalent among aging populations retaining natural teeth, understanding the relationship between removable partial dentures (RPDs) and abutment teeth periodontal health is crucial. To provide a bibliometric analysis of research trends on periodontal considerations of abutment teeth in RPDs, highlighting key publications, research clusters, and influential keywords from 1948 to 2024. An advanced search of Elsevier's Scopus database was conducted, extracting data such as publication titles, years, citations, journals, countries, and keywords. Bibliometric analysis and network visualizations were generated using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer software. The annual growth rate of studies on periodontal consideration of abutment teeth in RPDs was 2.39%. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry had the most publications and citations, while the Journal of Periodontology held the highest average and normalized citations, signifying its impact. Highly cited articles were predominantly clinical studies. Coauthorship analysis showed that the United States, Japan, and Germany had the highest research output, while Sweden, Switzerland, and Germany led in average citations per document, highlighting Europe's strong influence in this research area. The VOSviewer map identified nine distinct research clusters covering various aspects of prosthodontics, including material innovations, prosthetic design, patient quality of life, clinical assessments, complications, and advanced technologies. High-impact terms included "longitudinal study," "crowns," and "Periotest value" based on average citations, while "PEEK" leads in average normalized citations, indicating its growing influence. Periodontal considerations are central to research on abutment teeth in RPDs, highlighting the need for comprehensive, long-term evaluations of periodontal health and abutment tooth stability.

Background: The therapeutic potential of herbs in treating various diseases is gaining recognition due to their promising outcomes and minimal side effects. One such herb, Nigella sativa, is renowned for its medicinal properties, particularly due to its extract, Thymoquinone (TQ), which demonstrates anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, and immune-modulating effects. Green synthesis methods for nano-sized particles are considered environmentally friendly and have been proven effective given their size, higher surface-to-volume ratio, and enhanced physical and mechanical properties. This study aims to investigate a novel approach in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles of Nigella sativa and 0.1% TQ and to assess their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Materials and methods: The seeds of NS were used to green synthesize silver nanoparticles. The anti-inflammatory effects of the green synthesized particles were tested using egg albumin and bovine serum assays, and their anti-oxidant actions were assessed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl denaturation assay and H₂O₂ assay.

Results: The novel formulation of Nigella sativa-mediated silver nanoparticles with 0.1% TQ exhibits 76% anti-inflammatory activity and 80%-87% anti-oxidant properties.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that the silver nanoparticles mediated from N. sativa with 0.1% TQ extract could serve as an effective herbal adjunct for treating periodontal infections because of its potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties.

Background: Conventionally, dental implants were placed several months after tooth extraction. Immediate implants were placed on the same day of extraction along with the conservation of the crestal bone. Immediate loading of implant facilitates immediate prosthetic reconstruction within 48 h of implant placement. In this study, both immediate and delayed implants were loaded immediately and their peri-implant bone loss, implant stability, and the soft-tissue outcomes around the implant were evaluated.

Materials and methods: Fourteen patients were included in this study, of which seven patients were under Group A (delayed) and seven patients were under Group B (immediate). The clinical evaluation was done at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months which includes plaque scores, bleeding on probing, and probing depth. Implant stability was tested by resonance frequency analyzer (implant stability quotient), and radiological evaluation of crestal bone loss was done by cone-beam computed tomography preoperatively and after 6 months.

Results: In this study, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the clinical parameters (plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing depth) and radiological outcomes within the groups at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The implant stability quotient and crestal bone loss between Groups A and B showed a statistically significant difference at baseline and 6 months, wherein there were higher implant stability and decreased crestal bone loss in Group A when compared to Group B.

Conclusion: Delayed implants with immediate loading were superior to immediate implants with immediate loading.

Purpose: The present investigation assessed the success of narrow diameter implants (NDI) supporting a single crown in the molar region of the jaw.

Materials and methods: A total of 40 patients (>20 years) requiring implant supported crown in the molar region were recruited. A total of 20 patients received NDI (3.5 millimeter (mm), and another 20 received standard diameter implants (SDI), ≥3.75 mm. Crestal bone level, probing depth (PD), implant mobility, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at baseline, 6, and 12 months.

Results: The control group showed 0.29 ± 0.17 of mean crestal bone loss at 6 months and 0.51 ± 0.21 at 12 months (P < 0.001). In the test group, mean crestal bone loss of 0.18 ± 0.15 at 6 months (P = 0.001) and 0.48 ± 0.27 (P < 0.001) at 12 months was observed. Intergroup comparison at 12 months was nonsignificant (P = 0.13). An increase of 0.24 ± 0.24 PD at 6 months and of 0.44 ± 0.32 at 12 months was seen in the control group (P = 0.001). The test group revealed an increase of 0.42 ± 0.26 and 0.63 ± 0.42 PD from baseline to 6 and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.001). Comparison between groups did not show a significant difference at the study end (P = 0.06). Regarding BOP, a difference of 0.03 ± 0.76 (P = 0.15) at 6 months and of 0.13 ± 0.20 (P = 0.01) at 12 months from baseline was observed in the control group. In the test group, the difference of 0.01 at 6 months (P = 0.31) and 0.20 at 12 months (P = 0.006) from baseline was seen. Intergroup comparisons were nonsignificant at the end of the research (P = 0.44).

Conclusions: NDI supporting single crown functioned similarly and successfully to SDI when subjected to high masticatory loads.