Nazir Ahmad, Kaisun Nesa Lesa, Navista Sri Octa Ujiantari, Ari Sudarmanto, Z. Ikawati, N. Fakhrudin
Introduction: Memory dysfunction has remained a challenging issue globally. Nootropics have proven fruitful in managing cognitive dysfunction but because of their side effects, opportunities exist to explore alternatives. White cabbage is a cost-effective natural source of phytochemicals without side effects and has remained uninvestigated as a nootropic agent. This study sought to identify secondary metabolites in white cabbage extract (WCE) and to predict the molecular interaction between the phytochemical constituents of cabbage and phosphodiesterase-1B (PDE1B) using in silico studies. Methods: The WCE was prepared by macerating crushed fresh white cabbage with ethanol for 24 h with continuous stirring. The phytochemical profile of WCE was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry, and molecular docking studies were performed to predict the underlying mechanism action of the phytochemicals with PDE1B. Results: The TLC-densitometry analysis showed that WCE was a rich source of sinigrin, whereas quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and rutin were not detected. In silico studies identified neobrassicin as having the highest affinity (∆Gbind: −19.3358 kcal/mol) for PDE1B. However, quercetin (∆Gbind: −13.1813 kcal/mol) and chlorogenic acid (∆Gbind: −14.8706 kcal/mol) exhibited moderate interaction with PDE1B. Conclusion: These results suggest that WCE has the potency to improve memory function by blocking PDE1B, and this preliminary study implies upcoming in vitro and in vivo research.
{"title":"Phytochemical identification and in silico study of ethanolic extract of white cabbage as a phosphodiesterase 1B inhibitor","authors":"Nazir Ahmad, Kaisun Nesa Lesa, Navista Sri Octa Ujiantari, Ari Sudarmanto, Z. Ikawati, N. Fakhrudin","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.45004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.45004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Memory dysfunction has remained a challenging issue globally. Nootropics have proven fruitful in managing cognitive dysfunction but because of their side effects, opportunities exist to explore alternatives. White cabbage is a cost-effective natural source of phytochemicals without side effects and has remained uninvestigated as a nootropic agent. This study sought to identify secondary metabolites in white cabbage extract (WCE) and to predict the molecular interaction between the phytochemical constituents of cabbage and phosphodiesterase-1B (PDE1B) using in silico studies. Methods: The WCE was prepared by macerating crushed fresh white cabbage with ethanol for 24 h with continuous stirring. The phytochemical profile of WCE was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry, and molecular docking studies were performed to predict the underlying mechanism action of the phytochemicals with PDE1B. Results: The TLC-densitometry analysis showed that WCE was a rich source of sinigrin, whereas quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and rutin were not detected. In silico studies identified neobrassicin as having the highest affinity (∆Gbind: −19.3358 kcal/mol) for PDE1B. However, quercetin (∆Gbind: −13.1813 kcal/mol) and chlorogenic acid (∆Gbind: −14.8706 kcal/mol) exhibited moderate interaction with PDE1B. Conclusion: These results suggest that WCE has the potency to improve memory function by blocking PDE1B, and this preliminary study implies upcoming in vitro and in vivo research.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Due to the numerous potentials discovered from biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (SNPs), the interest of many researchers has been stirred up. Tamarindus indica fruit has many therapeutic potentials attributed to fruit. Hence, the objective of this study was to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of SNPs mediated from T. indica fruit pulp extract. Methods: The bioreduction of silver nitrate was performed using methanol extract of T. indica fruit pulp. UV–vis spectrophotometry studies at 480 nm confirmed the synthesis of SNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The antioxidant properties were assessed using methods of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antibacterial potential was evaluated using the agar well technique. Results: FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the presence of various functional groups was responsible for reduction and stabilization during the biosynthesis process. With the aid of ImageJ software, the size of the nanoparticles was determined to be in the range of 18-50 nm. The anti-oxidation activity assays showed a strong reducing potential towards the radicals tested. Lastly, strong antibacterial activities were observed when the nanoparticles were tested on some pathogenic bacteria through the agar well method. Conclusion: This biological method of synthesizing SNP from T. indica has shown significant enhancement in its biological activities in terms of antibacterial and antioxidant properties; thus, it might be considered a therapeutic agent.
导言：由于从生物合成的银纳米粒子（SNPs）中发现了许多潜力，激起了许多研究人员的兴趣。罗望子果实具有许多治疗潜力。因此，本研究的目的是合成、表征和评估由罗望子果肉提取物介导的 SNPs 的体外抗氧化和抗菌活性。研究方法使用柚子果肉的甲醇提取物对硝酸银进行生物还原。在 480 纳米波长下进行紫外-可见分光光度法研究，证实了 SNPs 的合成。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X 射线衍射（XRD）和能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）对合成的纳米粒子进行了表征。使用铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）和 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）的方法评估了抗氧化特性。抗菌潜力采用琼脂井技术进行评估。结果傅立叶变换红外光谱显示，在生物合成过程中，各种官能团的存在是造成还原和稳定的原因。借助 ImageJ 软件，纳米颗粒的尺寸被确定为 18-50 纳米。抗氧化活性试验表明，纳米粒子对所测试的自由基具有很强的还原潜力。最后，通过琼脂井法对一些病原菌进行测试，观察到纳米粒子具有很强的抗菌活性。结论从籼稻中合成 SNP 的这种生物方法显著提高了其在抗菌和抗氧化方面的生物活性，因此可将其视为一种治疗剂。
{"title":"Biogenic synthesis, characterization, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of silver nanoparticles mediated from Tamarindus indica Linn fruit pulp extract","authors":"K. O. Fagbemi, O. Olajuyigbe, R. Coopoosamy","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.43430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.43430","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Due to the numerous potentials discovered from biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (SNPs), the interest of many researchers has been stirred up. Tamarindus indica fruit has many therapeutic potentials attributed to fruit. Hence, the objective of this study was to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of SNPs mediated from T. indica fruit pulp extract. Methods: The bioreduction of silver nitrate was performed using methanol extract of T. indica fruit pulp. UV–vis spectrophotometry studies at 480 nm confirmed the synthesis of SNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The antioxidant properties were assessed using methods of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antibacterial potential was evaluated using the agar well technique. Results: FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the presence of various functional groups was responsible for reduction and stabilization during the biosynthesis process. With the aid of ImageJ software, the size of the nanoparticles was determined to be in the range of 18-50 nm. The anti-oxidation activity assays showed a strong reducing potential towards the radicals tested. Lastly, strong antibacterial activities were observed when the nanoparticles were tested on some pathogenic bacteria through the agar well method. Conclusion: This biological method of synthesizing SNP from T. indica has shown significant enhancement in its biological activities in terms of antibacterial and antioxidant properties; thus, it might be considered a therapeutic agent.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Majid Asadi-Samani, Dhiya Altememy, Aziz H. Jasim, Javad Saffari-Chaleshtori, Mohammad-Taghi Moradi
Introduction: Due to the high prevalence and drug resistance reported for the influenza virus in recent years, much research is being conducted on the discovery and introduction of more effective drugs against the virus. In this regard, the present bioinformatics study examined the inhibitory effects of berberine, a plant-based alkaloid, on influenza virus neuraminidase using docking and molecular dynamics studies. Methods: To conduct this study, the three-dimensional structure and PDB file of influenza virus neuraminidase were prepared from the protein and molecular information database, and the structure file of the berberine and oseltamivir (as positive control) molecules were prepared from the PubChem database. Using GROMACS software, simulation and molecular dynamics calculations were performed in the absence of an inhibitor. Molecular docking studies were performed using AutoDock software, and re-simulation of the protein-ligand complex was performed using GROMACS software. Results: Berberine was bound to the neuraminidase molecule with three hydrogen bonds and eleven hydrophobic bonds at the binding site. The amount of binding energy (BE) of berberine and oseltamivir was equal to -7.93 and -6.27 kcal/mol with the estimated inhibition constant (EIC) of 1.5 and 25.2 μM, respectively. Over simulation time, the radius of gyration (Rg) of the enzyme at berberine binding increased, but there was no significant difference in system energy changes (TE). Conclusion: Due to berberine binding, structural changes occur in the secondary and tertiary structures of influenza virus neuraminidase. The large number of created bonds, the low level of binding energy, and the low concentration of the EIC indicate the high tendency of berberine to bind to the binding site of neuraminidase.
{"title":"Evaluation of berberine inhibitory effects on influenza neuraminidase enzyme: A molecular dynamics study","authors":"Majid Asadi-Samani, Dhiya Altememy, Aziz H. Jasim, Javad Saffari-Chaleshtori, Mohammad-Taghi Moradi","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.42334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.42334","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Due to the high prevalence and drug resistance reported for the influenza virus in recent years, much research is being conducted on the discovery and introduction of more effective drugs against the virus. In this regard, the present bioinformatics study examined the inhibitory effects of berberine, a plant-based alkaloid, on influenza virus neuraminidase using docking and molecular dynamics studies. Methods: To conduct this study, the three-dimensional structure and PDB file of influenza virus neuraminidase were prepared from the protein and molecular information database, and the structure file of the berberine and oseltamivir (as positive control) molecules were prepared from the PubChem database. Using GROMACS software, simulation and molecular dynamics calculations were performed in the absence of an inhibitor. Molecular docking studies were performed using AutoDock software, and re-simulation of the protein-ligand complex was performed using GROMACS software. Results: Berberine was bound to the neuraminidase molecule with three hydrogen bonds and eleven hydrophobic bonds at the binding site. The amount of binding energy (BE) of berberine and oseltamivir was equal to -7.93 and -6.27 kcal/mol with the estimated inhibition constant (EIC) of 1.5 and 25.2 μM, respectively. Over simulation time, the radius of gyration (Rg) of the enzyme at berberine binding increased, but there was no significant difference in system energy changes (TE). Conclusion: Due to berberine binding, structural changes occur in the secondary and tertiary structures of influenza virus neuraminidase. The large number of created bonds, the low level of binding energy, and the low concentration of the EIC indicate the high tendency of berberine to bind to the binding site of neuraminidase.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Inflammatory diseases, including asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer persist with relatively high incidence, which highlights the need to explore natural alternatives such as the bioactive substances of brown algae (Sargassum polycystum). Certain substances, such as phenolics and flavonoids, have been demonstrated to have an association with antioxidant activity because of their capacity to fend off free radicals, which cause inflammation. The purpose of this study was to look into the inflammatory inhibition and antioxidant activity of an ethyl acetate extract of S. polycystum from Indonesia. Methods: After maceration in ethyl acetate (1:4 w/v) for 24 hours, the total phenolic and flavonoid content of S. polycystum extract was measured using the colorimetric method. The antioxidant activity was tested using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and the models of paw edema induced by carrageenan were used to assess inflammatory inhibition activity. Results: The findings revealed that S. polycystum had a weak antioxidant with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 605.24 ± 26.53 g/mL. Furthermore, it had 23.509 ± 0.109 mg gallic acid equivalents/gram (GAE/g) and 15.186 ± 0.046 mg quercetin equivalents/ gram (QE/g) of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, respectively. At 200, 400, and 800 mg/ kg BW doses, S. polycystum had inflammatory inhibition percentages of 53.80 ± 4.68%, 62.35 ± 4.05%, and 60.90 ± 2.88%, respectively. Conclusion: Sargassum polycystum ethyl acetate extract inhibited inflammation. However, further study is needed to examine the safety, identification, separation of the relevant substances involved, and the precise mechanism of action.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Sargassum polycystum ethyl acetate extract from Indonesia","authors":"Erlia Anggrainy Sianipar, Shannen Ivanka Gunardi","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.44","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inflammatory diseases, including asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer persist with relatively high incidence, which highlights the need to explore natural alternatives such as the bioactive substances of brown algae (Sargassum polycystum). Certain substances, such as phenolics and flavonoids, have been demonstrated to have an association with antioxidant activity because of their capacity to fend off free radicals, which cause inflammation. The purpose of this study was to look into the inflammatory inhibition and antioxidant activity of an ethyl acetate extract of S. polycystum from Indonesia. Methods: After maceration in ethyl acetate (1:4 w/v) for 24 hours, the total phenolic and flavonoid content of S. polycystum extract was measured using the colorimetric method. The antioxidant activity was tested using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and the models of paw edema induced by carrageenan were used to assess inflammatory inhibition activity. Results: The findings revealed that S. polycystum had a weak antioxidant with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 605.24 ± 26.53 g/mL. Furthermore, it had 23.509 ± 0.109 mg gallic acid equivalents/gram (GAE/g) and 15.186 ± 0.046 mg quercetin equivalents/ gram (QE/g) of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, respectively. At 200, 400, and 800 mg/ kg BW doses, S. polycystum had inflammatory inhibition percentages of 53.80 ± 4.68%, 62.35 ± 4.05%, and 60.90 ± 2.88%, respectively. Conclusion: Sargassum polycystum ethyl acetate extract inhibited inflammation. However, further study is needed to examine the safety, identification, separation of the relevant substances involved, and the precise mechanism of action.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wooin Yang, Young Jin Yoon, Yong Deok Jeon, Se Youn Lee, Hoon Jeon, D. Cha
Introduction: As a traditional medicine, the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Lamiaceae), aka motherwort, have been extensively used to treat gynecological diseases. The current study was designed to investigate the longevity properties of the methanolic extract of L. japonicus (MLJ) using Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Methods: The longevity effect of MLJ was determined by lifespan assay. Lipofuscin accumulation, thermotolerance, and body movement were measured to test the effects on the healthspan. The antioxidant capacity of MLJ was investigated by analyzing antioxidant enzyme activities, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and the survival rate against oxidative stress conditions. Pharyngeal pumping rate and body length were observed to determine the effect of MLJ on aging-related factors. Transcriptional activity of daf-16 was observed under fluorescence microscopy using a transgenic mutant carrying DAF-16::GFP transgene. Results: MLJ could significantly prolong the median and maximum lifespan of worms. In addition, MLJ reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin in aged worms and delayed the age-dependent decrease in locomotion and thermotolerance suggesting its beneficial role in the healthspan. Also, MLJ increased the stress resistance of worms against oxidative stress and decreased intracellular ROS generation by up-regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Additional genetic studies showed that MLJ failed to prolong the lifespan of worms lacking daf-2, age-1, daf-16, and sir-2.1 genes. Moreover, in the presence of MLJ, the nuclear translocation of daf-16 was significantly increased. Conclusion: Collectively, our results demonstrate that the anti-aging properties of MLJ might be attributed to sir-2.1 and insulin/IGF signaling-dependent daf-16/FOXO activation.
{"title":"Motherwort (Leonurus japonicus Houtt.) extends the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans via sir-2.1 and daf-16 activation","authors":"Wooin Yang, Young Jin Yoon, Yong Deok Jeon, Se Youn Lee, Hoon Jeon, D. Cha","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.38","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As a traditional medicine, the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Lamiaceae), aka motherwort, have been extensively used to treat gynecological diseases. The current study was designed to investigate the longevity properties of the methanolic extract of L. japonicus (MLJ) using Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Methods: The longevity effect of MLJ was determined by lifespan assay. Lipofuscin accumulation, thermotolerance, and body movement were measured to test the effects on the healthspan. The antioxidant capacity of MLJ was investigated by analyzing antioxidant enzyme activities, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and the survival rate against oxidative stress conditions. Pharyngeal pumping rate and body length were observed to determine the effect of MLJ on aging-related factors. Transcriptional activity of daf-16 was observed under fluorescence microscopy using a transgenic mutant carrying DAF-16::GFP transgene. Results: MLJ could significantly prolong the median and maximum lifespan of worms. In addition, MLJ reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin in aged worms and delayed the age-dependent decrease in locomotion and thermotolerance suggesting its beneficial role in the healthspan. Also, MLJ increased the stress resistance of worms against oxidative stress and decreased intracellular ROS generation by up-regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Additional genetic studies showed that MLJ failed to prolong the lifespan of worms lacking daf-2, age-1, daf-16, and sir-2.1 genes. Moreover, in the presence of MLJ, the nuclear translocation of daf-16 was significantly increased. Conclusion: Collectively, our results demonstrate that the anti-aging properties of MLJ might be attributed to sir-2.1 and insulin/IGF signaling-dependent daf-16/FOXO activation.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a progressing polygenic disease demanding a multitargeted treatment strategy. Sargassum tenerrimum (ST) is a marine brown alga with potentially bioactive chemicals that could be used as innovative biotherapeutics for diabetes treatment. The current research examined the potential of the phlorotannin-rich fraction from S. tenerrimum (PST) to mitigate diabetes in Wistar albino rats induced with high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Methods: Diabetic rats were given PST (200 and 400 mg/kg) or metformin (250 mg/kg) orally three weeks, and followed by the measurements of insulin, glycemic factors, biological markers of oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as hepatic and pancreatic histopathological changes. Results: PST treatment significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, lipid profile, hepatic profile, and TNF- α levels and improved serum insulin and glucose tolerance in diabetic rats. In the skeletal muscles of diabetic rats, PST led to a significant rise in antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) reductase, and a decrease in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, PST treatment significantly reduced pancreatic-cell damage and hepatic fatty accumulation. PST was more efficacious at 400 mg/kg exhibiting a dose-dependent effect. Conclusion: PST improves glucolipid metabolism in HFD and STZ-induced diabetic rats, probably by reducing hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and damage to pancreatic and hepatic architectures. The findings suggest that PST has a curative impact on diabetes mellitus type 2 and represents a new subject of study for the treatment of diabetes naturally.
{"title":"Ameliorative effects of phlorotannin-rich fraction of Sargassum tenerrimum in high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin-induced metabolic changes and oxidative stress in diabetic rats","authors":"Narasimha Kumar Godlaveti Vijay, Chitra Vellapandian","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.40","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a progressing polygenic disease demanding a multitargeted treatment strategy. Sargassum tenerrimum (ST) is a marine brown alga with potentially bioactive chemicals that could be used as innovative biotherapeutics for diabetes treatment. The current research examined the potential of the phlorotannin-rich fraction from S. tenerrimum (PST) to mitigate diabetes in Wistar albino rats induced with high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Methods: Diabetic rats were given PST (200 and 400 mg/kg) or metformin (250 mg/kg) orally three weeks, and followed by the measurements of insulin, glycemic factors, biological markers of oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as hepatic and pancreatic histopathological changes. Results: PST treatment significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, lipid profile, hepatic profile, and TNF- α levels and improved serum insulin and glucose tolerance in diabetic rats. In the skeletal muscles of diabetic rats, PST led to a significant rise in antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) reductase, and a decrease in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, PST treatment significantly reduced pancreatic-cell damage and hepatic fatty accumulation. PST was more efficacious at 400 mg/kg exhibiting a dose-dependent effect. Conclusion: PST improves glucolipid metabolism in HFD and STZ-induced diabetic rats, probably by reducing hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and damage to pancreatic and hepatic architectures. The findings suggest that PST has a curative impact on diabetes mellitus type 2 and represents a new subject of study for the treatment of diabetes naturally.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139372018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rul Afiyah Syarif, N. Anggorowati, Mia Munawaroh Yuniyanti, Dewa Nyoman Murti Adyaksa, M. Wahyuningsih
Introduction: The leaves of Pluchea indica (L.) Less is empirically used to enhance milk production. This study aimed to evaluate the lactogenic effect of ethanolic extract of P. indica leaves (EPI) on milk production, prolactin, cortisol, oxytocin levels, and histological changes of mammary tissue in lactating rats and weight gain of their pups. Methods: Twenty-five lactating rats with six pups were randomized into five groups. The groups were control (reverse osmosis water), standard (domperidone 2.5 mg/kg BW), and EPI (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW). The daily treatments were administered by oral gavage, starting from the second day until day 15 of parturition. Milk production and the weight of the pups were measured daily. Serum prolactin, cortisol, and oxytocin levels in the lactating rats were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Histomorphological alterations of mammary tissues were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA tests and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The daily milk production in groups treated with domperidone and EPI at doses of 500 and 750 was significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.05). Weight gain of the pups of dams that received domperidone and EPI at doses 500 and 750 mg/kg BW was significantly higher than controls (P<0.05). EPI 500 insignificantly increased both prolactin and oxytocin, insignificantly decreased cortisol levels, and insignificantly enhanced both numbers of alveoli and branching alveoli with milk secretion (P>0.05). Conclusion: Pluchea indica leaves revealed lactogenic activity in lactating rats.
{"title":"Lactogenic activity of ethanolic extract of Pluchea indica Less leaf in lactating rats","authors":"Rul Afiyah Syarif, N. Anggorowati, Mia Munawaroh Yuniyanti, Dewa Nyoman Murti Adyaksa, M. Wahyuningsih","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.41","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The leaves of Pluchea indica (L.) Less is empirically used to enhance milk production. This study aimed to evaluate the lactogenic effect of ethanolic extract of P. indica leaves (EPI) on milk production, prolactin, cortisol, oxytocin levels, and histological changes of mammary tissue in lactating rats and weight gain of their pups. Methods: Twenty-five lactating rats with six pups were randomized into five groups. The groups were control (reverse osmosis water), standard (domperidone 2.5 mg/kg BW), and EPI (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW). The daily treatments were administered by oral gavage, starting from the second day until day 15 of parturition. Milk production and the weight of the pups were measured daily. Serum prolactin, cortisol, and oxytocin levels in the lactating rats were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Histomorphological alterations of mammary tissues were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA tests and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The daily milk production in groups treated with domperidone and EPI at doses of 500 and 750 was significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.05). Weight gain of the pups of dams that received domperidone and EPI at doses 500 and 750 mg/kg BW was significantly higher than controls (P<0.05). EPI 500 insignificantly increased both prolactin and oxytocin, insignificantly decreased cortisol levels, and insignificantly enhanced both numbers of alveoli and branching alveoli with milk secretion (P>0.05). Conclusion: Pluchea indica leaves revealed lactogenic activity in lactating rats.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asmaa Y Khattab, N. Awad, Doaa A. Abdel Fadeel, Maha Fadel
Introduction: Tecoma stans is a fast-growing plant from the family Bignoniaceae. Various parts of T. stans have been used in different biological applications, especially in cancer treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modality for cancer treatment that depends on the interaction between a photosensitizer, light, and oxygen. Searching for photosensitizers from plant origin is crucial to provide nontoxic photosensitizers with high economic value. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer and photodynamic activities of T. stans methanolic flower extract (TSFE). Methods: The phytoconstituents of TSFE were analyzed by the UPLC/MS/MS technique. The cytotoxicity of TSFE was examined on the breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines, in dark and after irradiation by blue light (400-450 nm). Results: TSFE contained various phytochemical components with antineoplastic activity. Moreover, TSFE contained coumarins and anthocyanins that may act as photosensitizers. TSFE showed negligible cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines at all tested concentrations in dark. A non-significant cell viability change was observed upon radiation (P>0.05). TSFE showed significant dark cytotoxicity on A549 cells, which improved significantly after light radiation (P<0.05). Conclusion: TSFE is a promising anticancer and natural photosensitizer for PDT and this study may inspire further ethnobotanical investigations into promising new natural anti-cancers and photosensitizers.
{"title":"Dual antineoplastic and photodynamic effects of methanolic extract of Tecoma stans yellow flowers for cancer treatment","authors":"Asmaa Y Khattab, N. Awad, Doaa A. Abdel Fadeel, Maha Fadel","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.48","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tecoma stans is a fast-growing plant from the family Bignoniaceae. Various parts of T. stans have been used in different biological applications, especially in cancer treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modality for cancer treatment that depends on the interaction between a photosensitizer, light, and oxygen. Searching for photosensitizers from plant origin is crucial to provide nontoxic photosensitizers with high economic value. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer and photodynamic activities of T. stans methanolic flower extract (TSFE). Methods: The phytoconstituents of TSFE were analyzed by the UPLC/MS/MS technique. The cytotoxicity of TSFE was examined on the breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines, in dark and after irradiation by blue light (400-450 nm). Results: TSFE contained various phytochemical components with antineoplastic activity. Moreover, TSFE contained coumarins and anthocyanins that may act as photosensitizers. TSFE showed negligible cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines at all tested concentrations in dark. A non-significant cell viability change was observed upon radiation (P>0.05). TSFE showed significant dark cytotoxicity on A549 cells, which improved significantly after light radiation (P<0.05). Conclusion: TSFE is a promising anticancer and natural photosensitizer for PDT and this study may inspire further ethnobotanical investigations into promising new natural anti-cancers and photosensitizers.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dinda Fadhilah Belahusna, Putra Santoso, Resti Rahayu
Introduction: Cognitive impairments are profound outcomes of neurodegenerative disease, a global health issue. Water lily (Nymphaea pubescens, Nymphaeaceae) extracts have been reported to counteract oxidative stress. However, their protective effects against neurodegenerative disease remain to be fully investigated. The current study aimed to determine the neuroprotective effect of water lily seed ethanolic extract on trimethyltin (TMT)-induced cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in a mouse model. Methods: A single dose of TMT (0.6 mg/kg BW) was intraperitoneally injected to young adult male mice followed by daily oral treatments with different doses of water lily seed extract (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW) for 28 days. Thereafter, cognitive behaviors were assessed, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and catalase (CAT) activities were determined, followed by histopathological examination of the brain. Results: The results revealed that, compared to the non-treated group, the water lily extract at doses of 100–400 mg/kg BW was effective in counteracting the decline in memory and spatial cognition of TMT-induced impairment (P<0.05). Moreover, the extract, particularly at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg BW, substantially lowered the MDA level while elevating the CAT activity level (P<0.05). Water lily seed extract also significantly reduced TMT-induced pyramidal cell degeneration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that ethanolic extract from water lily seeds could effectively reduce TMT-induced cognitive impairment and MDA levels and enhance CAT activity thereby precluding neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Thus, water lily seed extract is a potent candidate for a natural anti-neurodegenerative supplement.
{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of water lily (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) seed ethanolic extract against trimethyltin-induced cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in mice","authors":"Dinda Fadhilah Belahusna, Putra Santoso, Resti Rahayu","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.43","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cognitive impairments are profound outcomes of neurodegenerative disease, a global health issue. Water lily (Nymphaea pubescens, Nymphaeaceae) extracts have been reported to counteract oxidative stress. However, their protective effects against neurodegenerative disease remain to be fully investigated. The current study aimed to determine the neuroprotective effect of water lily seed ethanolic extract on trimethyltin (TMT)-induced cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in a mouse model. Methods: A single dose of TMT (0.6 mg/kg BW) was intraperitoneally injected to young adult male mice followed by daily oral treatments with different doses of water lily seed extract (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW) for 28 days. Thereafter, cognitive behaviors were assessed, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and catalase (CAT) activities were determined, followed by histopathological examination of the brain. Results: The results revealed that, compared to the non-treated group, the water lily extract at doses of 100–400 mg/kg BW was effective in counteracting the decline in memory and spatial cognition of TMT-induced impairment (P<0.05). Moreover, the extract, particularly at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg BW, substantially lowered the MDA level while elevating the CAT activity level (P<0.05). Water lily seed extract also significantly reduced TMT-induced pyramidal cell degeneration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that ethanolic extract from water lily seeds could effectively reduce TMT-induced cognitive impairment and MDA levels and enhance CAT activity thereby precluding neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Thus, water lily seed extract is a potent candidate for a natural anti-neurodegenerative supplement.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moringa oleifera is a considerable ethnomedical herb with various bioactive compounds. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of M. oleifera in the prevention and management of various oral conditions. A thorough search was conducted on the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and PubMed Central databases. After screening the data on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 studies were considered for further meta-analysis. The analysis was performed on R programming software (version R-4.0.2) and the results were represented by a forest plot. The estimate obtained via common and random effects model for in vitro studies was statistically insignificant (I2 test P > 0.05) with risk ratios of 8.25 (95% CI: 3.76-18.08) and 7.98 (95% CI: 3.64-17.50) and for in vivo studies were statistically significant (I2 test P )0.05 < with risk ratios of 1.12 (95% CI: 0.90-1.40) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.71-1.32), indicating the efficacy of M. oleifera in oral diseases on animal and clinical trials, whereas it failed to report the efficacy on in vitro level. Future research has to be done to come up with new and more phytoactive compounds from all parts of the plant with proper extraction procedures. The effectiveness of the compounds has to be validated first on in vitro scale followed by clinical trials so that M. oleifera can be used as therapy in preventing and managing oral ailments.
油辣木是一种具有多种生物活性化合物的重要民族医药草本植物。本研究旨在分析油麻菜在预防和治疗各种口腔疾病方面的功效。研究人员在 Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed 和 PubMed Central 数据库中进行了全面搜索。根据纳入和排除标准对数据进行筛选后，考虑对 9 项研究进行进一步的荟萃分析。分析使用 R 编程软件（R-4.0.2 版）进行，结果以森林图表示。通过共同效应和随机效应模型获得的体外研究估计值在统计学上不显著（I2 检验 P > 0.05），风险比分别为 8.25（95% CI：3.76-18.08）和 7.98（95% CI：3.64-17.50）；体内研究估计值在统计学上显著（I2 检验 P )0.05 <，风险比分别为 1.12 (95% CI: 0.90-1.40) 和 0.97 (95% CI: 0.71-1.32)。未来的研究必须通过适当的提取程序，从植物的各个部分提取出更多新的植物活性化合物。这些化合物的有效性必须首先在体外进行验证，然后再进行临床试验，这样油橄榄才能被用作预防和治疗口腔疾病的疗法。
{"title":"Moringa oleifera and its application in dental conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Moumita Das, N. Panda, Ruchi Bhuyan, S. Bhuyan","doi":"10.34172/jhp.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"Moringa oleifera is a considerable ethnomedical herb with various bioactive compounds. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of M. oleifera in the prevention and management of various oral conditions. A thorough search was conducted on the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and PubMed Central databases. After screening the data on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 studies were considered for further meta-analysis. The analysis was performed on R programming software (version R-4.0.2) and the results were represented by a forest plot. The estimate obtained via common and random effects model for in vitro studies was statistically insignificant (I2 test P > 0.05) with risk ratios of 8.25 (95% CI: 3.76-18.08) and 7.98 (95% CI: 3.64-17.50) and for in vivo studies were statistically significant (I2 test P )0.05 < with risk ratios of 1.12 (95% CI: 0.90-1.40) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.71-1.32), indicating the efficacy of M. oleifera in oral diseases on animal and clinical trials, whereas it failed to report the efficacy on in vitro level. Future research has to be done to come up with new and more phytoactive compounds from all parts of the plant with proper extraction procedures. The effectiveness of the compounds has to be validated first on in vitro scale followed by clinical trials so that M. oleifera can be used as therapy in preventing and managing oral ailments.","PeriodicalId":15934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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