T. Notomi, R. Kobayashi, M. Otsuka, Chie Kise, Y. Momota, Y. Ezura, T. Kawazoe
Bone mass is regulated by bone remodeling, which involves bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. To prevent and treat bone loss, a basic understanding of the mechanism of bone formation is essential, including osteoblast differentiation, and its responses to mechanical stimuli that induce changes in membrane potential. During osteoblast differentiation, hyperpolarized membrane potential was observed. To understand osteoblast differentiation in response to membrane hyperpolarization, as well as the long-term effects of changes in membrane potential, we developed a light-controllable membrane potential system in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells by stably expressing the light-driven outward proton pump, archaerhodopsin-3. Archaerhodopsin-3 activation by yellow-green light hyperpolarizes the cell membrane Light-induced hyperpolarization accelerated osteoblast mineralization, as assessed by Alizarin Red staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, and expression levels of osteoblast differentiation markers. This promotion of osteoblast mineralization is related to voltage-gated Ca channels. Our study revealed a novel role of membrane potential in non-excitable osteoblast-like cells.
{"title":"Light-induced Membrane Hyperpolarization Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation in MC3T3 Osteoblast-like Cells","authors":"T. Notomi, R. Kobayashi, M. Otsuka, Chie Kise, Y. Momota, Y. Ezura, T. Kawazoe","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.347","url":null,"abstract":"Bone mass is regulated by bone remodeling, which involves bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. To prevent and treat bone loss, a basic understanding of the mechanism of bone formation is essential, including osteoblast differentiation, and its responses to mechanical stimuli that induce changes in membrane potential. During osteoblast differentiation, hyperpolarized membrane potential was observed. To understand osteoblast differentiation in response to membrane hyperpolarization, as well as the long-term effects of changes in membrane potential, we developed a light-controllable membrane potential system in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells by stably expressing the light-driven outward proton pump, archaerhodopsin-3. Archaerhodopsin-3 activation by yellow-green light hyperpolarizes the cell membrane Light-induced hyperpolarization accelerated osteoblast mineralization, as assessed by Alizarin Red staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, and expression levels of osteoblast differentiation markers. This promotion of osteoblast mineralization is related to voltage-gated Ca channels. Our study revealed a novel role of membrane potential in non-excitable osteoblast-like cells.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiroyuki Nakano, Sho Mizobuchi, Kei Suzuki, Kazuya Inoue, N. Yamamoto, Michi Omori, Nahoko Kato-Kogoe, Y. Nakajima, Y. Kimura, K. Mishima, T. Ueno
The morphology of the mandible using homologous modeling and principal component analysis, and the accuracy of sex determination based on mandibular morphology were examined. The computed tomography (CT) scans of 84 subjects (44 males, 40 females; mean age, 42.4 ± 15.4 years) were selected for this study. To avoid any effect on the morphology of the mandible, the scans of subjects with fewer than 14 remaining teeth were excluded. Homologous modeling and principal component analysis were performed using mHBM (Digital Human Techbology, Tokyo, Japan) and HBM-Rugle software (Medic Engineering, Kyoto, Japan), respectively. The contribution of the first principal component was 20.8% and that of the second principal component was 11.4%. There was a significant difference between male and female in the first principal component (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.05). Subjects with a negative first principal component value were considered more likely to be female, and those with positive values were more likely to be male (accuracy rate, 61.9%). ROC analysis of this method revealed AUC of 0.62, sensitivity of 0.48, and specificity of 0.78. Multivariate analysis was performed using all principal component values, and ROC analysis performed based on these results revealed AUC of 0.85, sensitivity of 0.82, and specificity of 0.85. Analysis using only the first principal component had lower sensitivity and specificity than reported previously, but the results using all principal component values were similar to those in past reports. This method was considered to be useful for sex determination based on mandibular morphology.
采用同源建模和主成分分析对下颌骨进行形态学分析，并对基于下颌骨形态学的性别判定的准确性进行了检验。84例受试者(男44例，女40例;平均年龄(42.4±15.4岁)。为了避免对下颌骨形态学的任何影响，剩余牙齿少于14颗的受试者的扫描被排除在外。分别使用mHBM (Digital Human technology, Tokyo, Japan)和HBM-Rugle软件(Medic Engineering, Kyoto, Japan)进行同源建模和主成分分析。第一主成分的贡献率为20.8%，第二主成分的贡献率为11.4%。男性和女性在第一主成分上有显著性差异(Wilcoxon检验，p < 0.05)。第一主成分值为负的受试者更有可能是女性，而值为正的受试者更有可能是男性(准确率为61.9%)。该方法的ROC分析显示AUC为0.62，灵敏度为0.48，特异性为0.78。采用所有主成分值进行多因素分析，基于这些结果进行ROC分析，AUC为0.85，敏感性为0.82，特异性为0.85。仅使用第一个主成分的分析灵敏度和特异性比以前报道的要低，但使用所有主成分值的结果与过去的报道相似。这种方法被认为是有用的性别决定基于下颌形态。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Utility of Homologous Modeling and Principal Component Analysis for Sex Determination of the Mandible","authors":"Hiroyuki Nakano, Sho Mizobuchi, Kei Suzuki, Kazuya Inoue, N. Yamamoto, Michi Omori, Nahoko Kato-Kogoe, Y. Nakajima, Y. Kimura, K. Mishima, T. Ueno","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.69","url":null,"abstract":"The morphology of the mandible using homologous modeling and principal component analysis, and the accuracy of sex determination based on mandibular morphology were examined. The computed tomography (CT) scans of 84 subjects (44 males, 40 females; mean age, 42.4 ± 15.4 years) were selected for this study. To avoid any effect on the morphology of the mandible, the scans of subjects with fewer than 14 remaining teeth were excluded. Homologous modeling and principal component analysis were performed using mHBM (Digital Human Techbology, Tokyo, Japan) and HBM-Rugle software (Medic Engineering, Kyoto, Japan), respectively. The contribution of the first principal component was 20.8% and that of the second principal component was 11.4%. There was a significant difference between male and female in the first principal component (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.05). Subjects with a negative first principal component value were considered more likely to be female, and those with positive values were more likely to be male (accuracy rate, 61.9%). ROC analysis of this method revealed AUC of 0.62, sensitivity of 0.48, and specificity of 0.78. Multivariate analysis was performed using all principal component values, and ROC analysis performed based on these results revealed AUC of 0.85, sensitivity of 0.82, and specificity of 0.85. Analysis using only the first principal component had lower sensitivity and specificity than reported previously, but the results using all principal component values were similar to those in past reports. This method was considered to be useful for sex determination based on mandibular morphology.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arihiro Nakamura, N. Ogi, Y. Sugita, H. Maeda, T. Nagao, K. Kurita
: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease with a multifactorial etiology including inflammatory mediators. The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on OA have been studied widely in the field of ortho -pedics. This study aimed to evaluate whether VEGF could affect the progression of OA in the mouse temporomandibular joint (TMJ). C57BL/6J mice (n = 54) were assigned to three groups, namely, the VEGF+Discectomy, Discectomy, and Sham groups. OA was induced with a discectomy performed on the TMJ in 12-week-old mice in the VEGF+Discectomy and Discectomy groups. Mice in the VEGF+Discectomy group underwent intra-articular VEGF administration after discec -tomy. For the mice of the Sham group, the joint space was opened surgically, but the disc was not removed. At 4, 8, and 16 weeks after the induction of TMJ OA, the animals were sacrificed. Condylar dimensions and cartilage thickness were meas -ured. Histological changes of the cartilage were assessed using a modified Mankin scoring system. The VEGF+Discectomy group showed a marked reduction of cartilage thickness at 16 weeks post-surgery. According to the modified Mankin scor ing system, the VEGF+Discectomy group exhibited the highest scores for the severe reduction of safranin O staining, hypo -cellularity, and clefts in deep cartilage zones at 16 weeks post-surgery. In the surgically induced TMJ OA mouse model, the VEGF+Discectomy group exhibited highly progressive OA changes in articular cartilage. The detrimental effects of VEGF on TMJ OA may be via its role in the promotion of degradation.
{"title":"Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) on the Progression of Osteoarthritis in the Mouse Temporomandibular Joint","authors":"Arihiro Nakamura, N. Ogi, Y. Sugita, H. Maeda, T. Nagao, K. Kurita","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.137","url":null,"abstract":": Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease with a multifactorial etiology including inflammatory mediators. The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on OA have been studied widely in the field of ortho -pedics. This study aimed to evaluate whether VEGF could affect the progression of OA in the mouse temporomandibular joint (TMJ). C57BL/6J mice (n = 54) were assigned to three groups, namely, the VEGF+Discectomy, Discectomy, and Sham groups. OA was induced with a discectomy performed on the TMJ in 12-week-old mice in the VEGF+Discectomy and Discectomy groups. Mice in the VEGF+Discectomy group underwent intra-articular VEGF administration after discec -tomy. For the mice of the Sham group, the joint space was opened surgically, but the disc was not removed. At 4, 8, and 16 weeks after the induction of TMJ OA, the animals were sacrificed. Condylar dimensions and cartilage thickness were meas -ured. Histological changes of the cartilage were assessed using a modified Mankin scoring system. The VEGF+Discectomy group showed a marked reduction of cartilage thickness at 16 weeks post-surgery. According to the modified Mankin scor ing system, the VEGF+Discectomy group exhibited the highest scores for the severe reduction of safranin O staining, hypo -cellularity, and clefts in deep cartilage zones at 16 weeks post-surgery. In the surgically induced TMJ OA mouse model, the VEGF+Discectomy group exhibited highly progressive OA changes in articular cartilage. The detrimental effects of VEGF on TMJ OA may be via its role in the promotion of degradation.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: To discuss the characteristics of Suicidal Jumper Fractures (SJF) and evaluate clinical outcomes treated with lumbopelvic fixation. From August 2007 to August 2012, nine consecutive cases with SJF were included into the study. The clinical data of these cases including fracture classifications, associated injuries and the degrees of neurological impairment were analyzed and assessed preoperatively. All cases were followed-up continuously after an average of 42 ± 4.54 months (range: 34-90 months). All fractures healed after 5 ± 1.53 months (range: 3-11 months). None of these cases had fracture re-displacement and fixation failure. Based on the Majeed scoring system, the postoperative prognosis of these patients were excellent in four cases, good in three cases, fair in one case, and poor in one case. There was a significant improve ment in neurologic deficiency in all postoperative patients, and their average Gibbons scores changed from 3.12 ± 0.23 pre operatively to 1.54 ± 0.45 postoperatively; and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.22, P <0.05). Lumbopelvic fixation has a significant advantage in the treatment of this series of fractures, and can help obtain a satisfactory clinical out -come. Intraoperative nerve decompression is necessary if indications exist and the improvement of neurological impairment is optimistic.
目的探讨自杀性跳楼骨折(SJF)的特点，评价腰盂内固定治疗的临床效果。2007年8月至2012年8月，连续9例SJF纳入研究。术前对这些病例的临床资料进行分析和评估，包括骨折分类、相关损伤和神经功能损害程度。所有病例均连续随访，平均42±4.54个月(范围:34 ~ 90个月)。所有骨折均于5±1.53个月(范围:3-11个月)愈合。所有病例均无骨折再移位和固定失败。根据Majeed评分系统，患者术后预后为优4例，良3例，一般1例，差1例。术后所有患者的神经功能缺损均有明显改善，其平均Gibbons评分从术前的3.12±0.23降至术后的1.54±0.45;差异有统计学意义(t=3.22, P <0.05)。腰盆腔内固定在治疗这一系列骨折中具有显著的优势，并有助于获得满意的临床结果。术中神经减压是必要的，如果有指征，神经损伤的改善是乐观的。
{"title":"Treatment of ‘Suicidal Jumper Fractures’ with Lumbopelvic Fixation: A Report of Nine Cases","authors":"Li-Jun Li, Xiaobo Dong, Xiaochen Sun, Jian-ye Jia","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.205","url":null,"abstract":": To discuss the characteristics of Suicidal Jumper Fractures (SJF) and evaluate clinical outcomes treated with lumbopelvic fixation. From August 2007 to August 2012, nine consecutive cases with SJF were included into the study. The clinical data of these cases including fracture classifications, associated injuries and the degrees of neurological impairment were analyzed and assessed preoperatively. All cases were followed-up continuously after an average of 42 ± 4.54 months (range: 34-90 months). All fractures healed after 5 ± 1.53 months (range: 3-11 months). None of these cases had fracture re-displacement and fixation failure. Based on the Majeed scoring system, the postoperative prognosis of these patients were excellent in four cases, good in three cases, fair in one case, and poor in one case. There was a significant improve ment in neurologic deficiency in all postoperative patients, and their average Gibbons scores changed from 3.12 ± 0.23 pre operatively to 1.54 ± 0.45 postoperatively; and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.22, P <0.05). Lumbopelvic fixation has a significant advantage in the treatment of this series of fractures, and can help obtain a satisfactory clinical out -come. Intraoperative nerve decompression is necessary if indications exist and the improvement of neurological impairment is optimistic.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to explore the expression and clinicopathological significance of CTAs MAGE-1, NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C2 and SCP-1 in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect their expressions in 70 cases of ACC, and in 6 healthy tumor-adjacent salivary glands. The correlation between the expressions of the four CTAs, clinical and pathological features, and patients’ overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Of the 70 ACC cases, strong staining was observed in 43 (61.4%) for MAGE-1, 14 (20%) for NY-ESO-1, 9 (12.9%) for SCP-1, and 6 (8.6%) for MAGE-C2. We also found some significant correlations between the CTAs expression and clinicopathological parameters, for example, MAGE-1 and tumor size, NY-ESO-1 and distant metastasis, MAGE-C2 and tumor site, SCP-1 and age, SCP-1 and histopathological types (P < 0.05). Patients with any single CTAs positive staining showed a similar OS compared to those with negative staining, however patients with strong expression (score 6-7) of MAGE-C2 showed a significantly reduced OS compared to those scored 0-5 (P < 0.05). There was no OS difference between patients expressing simultaneously any 2 of the 4 CTAs and those with negative expression or those expressing only one of the 2 CTAs. Similar results were found in patients expressing at least 3 CTAs compared with patients expressing less than 3 CTAs. However, patients with the four CTAs co-expression had a substantially reduced mean survival time of 131.8 months compared with 176.5 months in patients with at least one CTA negative (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a significant fraction of patients with ACC showed expression of MAGE-1, NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C2 and SCP-1, indicating these CTAs might represent potential antigens for cancer vaccines. In addition, MAGE-C2 may be an important prognostic marker of ACC.
{"title":"Expression of Cancer-testis Antigens in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands Correlates with Clinical Outcomes","authors":"Su-Xia Liang, H. Fang, Wei Chen, Yingbin Yan","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.283","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the expression and clinicopathological significance of CTAs MAGE-1, NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C2 and SCP-1 in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect their expressions in 70 cases of ACC, and in 6 healthy tumor-adjacent salivary glands. The correlation between the expressions of the four CTAs, clinical and pathological features, and patients’ overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Of the 70 ACC cases, strong staining was observed in 43 (61.4%) for MAGE-1, 14 (20%) for NY-ESO-1, 9 (12.9%) for SCP-1, and 6 (8.6%) for MAGE-C2. We also found some significant correlations between the CTAs expression and clinicopathological parameters, for example, MAGE-1 and tumor size, NY-ESO-1 and distant metastasis, MAGE-C2 and tumor site, SCP-1 and age, SCP-1 and histopathological types (P < 0.05). Patients with any single CTAs positive staining showed a similar OS compared to those with negative staining, however patients with strong expression (score 6-7) of MAGE-C2 showed a significantly reduced OS compared to those scored 0-5 (P < 0.05). There was no OS difference between patients expressing simultaneously any 2 of the 4 CTAs and those with negative expression or those expressing only one of the 2 CTAs. Similar results were found in patients expressing at least 3 CTAs compared with patients expressing less than 3 CTAs. However, patients with the four CTAs co-expression had a substantially reduced mean survival time of 131.8 months compared with 176.5 months in patients with at least one CTA negative (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a significant fraction of patients with ACC showed expression of MAGE-1, NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C2 and SCP-1, indicating these CTAs might represent potential antigens for cancer vaccines. In addition, MAGE-C2 may be an important prognostic marker of ACC.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As of November 2020, we have seen at least one fake website masquerading as the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology. (And there are likely more.) They are using the same name, ISSN#, and a different email address. It is very probable that they will impersonate the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology, sending a fake certificate of acceptance and PDF version of the author’s paper, and then steal the publication fee. Please be aware that it has absolutely no relation to the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology. We shall not be held responsible for any trouble arising from these fake websites.
{"title":"Fake Journal of Hard Tissue Biology website","authors":"","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.95","url":null,"abstract":"As of November 2020, we have seen at least one fake website masquerading as the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology. (And there are likely more.) They are using the same name, ISSN#, and a different email address. It is very probable that they will impersonate the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology, sending a fake certificate of acceptance and PDF version of the author’s paper, and then steal the publication fee. Please be aware that it has absolutely no relation to the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology. We shall not be held responsible for any trouble arising from these fake websites.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taku Futenma, Yasunori Akiyama, Sho Tanaka, M. Honda, Taku Toriumi
: The conventional culture method of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has been performed in colony cultures using feeder cells, such as mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which require setup times and procedural complexity, a potential risk of transmission of animal pathogens. Besides, the colony culture exhibits slow growth rate and often give rise to heterogeneous cellular states. However, developing technical methodologies of hiPSCs remains pivotal for use in medical applications and research. Here, we investigated whether hiPSCs passaged and expanded as single cells under feeder-free conditions could differentiate into ectodermal-epithelial cells as a source of cells for future regenerative medicine research. First, an hiPSC line 253G1 was cultured in colonies maintained on feeders and subsequently transferred to a single cell on feeder-free. hiPSCs were then cultured as single cells for 28 days in an induction medium supplemented with retinoic acid, bone morphogenetic protein 4, and N2 supplement for epithelial cell differentiation. The expression of epithelial markers, tumor protein p63 (P63), cytokeratin (CK) 18, and CK14 in induced cells was evaluated over time using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Results showed that hiPSCs cultured as single cells ex pressed pluripotency markers, as evidenced by colony cultures maintained on feeders. On day 7 post-induction, hiPSCs as-sumed a cobblestone-like morphology in the epithelial induction medium. Induced cells displayed increased mRNA expression levels of CK18 , P63 , and CK14 during the 28-day induction period. Furthermore, the expression levels of CK18, P63, and CK14 were detected via western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Our findings suggest that hiPSCs cultured as single cells could be differentiated into epithelial cells.
{"title":"Epithelial Cell Differentiation from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Single-Cell Culture Method","authors":"Taku Futenma, Yasunori Akiyama, Sho Tanaka, M. Honda, Taku Toriumi","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.151","url":null,"abstract":": The conventional culture method of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has been performed in colony cultures using feeder cells, such as mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which require setup times and procedural complexity, a potential risk of transmission of animal pathogens. Besides, the colony culture exhibits slow growth rate and often give rise to heterogeneous cellular states. However, developing technical methodologies of hiPSCs remains pivotal for use in medical applications and research. Here, we investigated whether hiPSCs passaged and expanded as single cells under feeder-free conditions could differentiate into ectodermal-epithelial cells as a source of cells for future regenerative medicine research. First, an hiPSC line 253G1 was cultured in colonies maintained on feeders and subsequently transferred to a single cell on feeder-free. hiPSCs were then cultured as single cells for 28 days in an induction medium supplemented with retinoic acid, bone morphogenetic protein 4, and N2 supplement for epithelial cell differentiation. The expression of epithelial markers, tumor protein p63 (P63), cytokeratin (CK) 18, and CK14 in induced cells was evaluated over time using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Results showed that hiPSCs cultured as single cells ex pressed pluripotency markers, as evidenced by colony cultures maintained on feeders. On day 7 post-induction, hiPSCs as-sumed a cobblestone-like morphology in the epithelial induction medium. Induced cells displayed increased mRNA expression levels of CK18 , P63 , and CK14 during the 28-day induction period. Furthermore, the expression levels of CK18, P63, and CK14 were detected via western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Our findings suggest that hiPSCs cultured as single cells could be differentiated into epithelial cells.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Multiple myeloma is a frequent hematological malignancy. Although progress has been made in therapeutic strat-egies, the prognosis of multiple myeloma is far from satisfactory. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the precise mechanism of multiple myeloma progression. Lysine Demethylase 4C (KDM4C) was demonstrated to be a vital regulator in cancers, while its action on multiple myeloma remains elusive. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of KDM4C on multiple myeloma progression and explored the precise mechanism of action. In this study, 70 multiple myeloma patients and 45 normal donors (volunteers) were enrolled. Results showed that KDM4C was highly expressed in plasma of 70 multiple myeloma patients and multiple myeloma cells. Knockdown of KDM4C suppressed proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma cells. Besides, JAG1 expression was enhanced in plasma of 70 myeloma patients and multiple myeloma cells. JAG1 expression was positively correlated with KDM4C expression. Furthermore, KDM4C knockdown suppressed Notch signaling proteins Notch-1, NICD-1, and Hes-1 in multiple myeloma. Moreover, KDM4C knockdown suppressed the proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma cells through down-regulating JAG1 expression. Collectively, KDM4C promotes the proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma cells by up-regulating JAG1 gene expression. KDM4C may be a promising target for multiple myeloma therapy. regulation aggressive behav iors studied and siRNA against co-transfected into multiple myeloma cells. revealed knockdown of ability but abrogated The effect of JAG1 on multiple myeloma cell prolifera and
{"title":"KDM4C Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Multiple Myeloma Cells by Up-Regulating JAG1 Gene Expression","authors":"Dan Yu, Min Hu, Qiang Tian","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.257","url":null,"abstract":": Multiple myeloma is a frequent hematological malignancy. Although progress has been made in therapeutic strat-egies, the prognosis of multiple myeloma is far from satisfactory. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the precise mechanism of multiple myeloma progression. Lysine Demethylase 4C (KDM4C) was demonstrated to be a vital regulator in cancers, while its action on multiple myeloma remains elusive. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of KDM4C on multiple myeloma progression and explored the precise mechanism of action. In this study, 70 multiple myeloma patients and 45 normal donors (volunteers) were enrolled. Results showed that KDM4C was highly expressed in plasma of 70 multiple myeloma patients and multiple myeloma cells. Knockdown of KDM4C suppressed proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma cells. Besides, JAG1 expression was enhanced in plasma of 70 myeloma patients and multiple myeloma cells. JAG1 expression was positively correlated with KDM4C expression. Furthermore, KDM4C knockdown suppressed Notch signaling proteins Notch-1, NICD-1, and Hes-1 in multiple myeloma. Moreover, KDM4C knockdown suppressed the proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma cells through down-regulating JAG1 expression. Collectively, KDM4C promotes the proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma cells by up-regulating JAG1 gene expression. KDM4C may be a promising target for multiple myeloma therapy. regulation aggressive behav iors studied and siRNA against co-transfected into multiple myeloma cells. revealed knockdown of ability but abrogated The effect of JAG1 on multiple myeloma cell prolifera and","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bayarmaa Batzorig, K. Nakano, Kosei Murata, Mayumi Maesako, Kazuho Inoue, Takafumi Kishimoto, S. Tomoda, H. Maeda, Taku Horie, M. Fujitani
In the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity accompanying tooth substance defects such as wedge-shape defects, hypoesthesia can be achieved by applying a desensitizing agent before carrying out restoration using resin composite. However, almost no research has investigated the adhesion of resin to dentin coated with the latest desensitizing agents. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of various desensitizing agents on the adhesion of resin to dentin in combination with a 1-step self-etch system by using a hypersensitive dentin model in which the dentinal tubules were opened without etching and there was almost no smear layer on the intertubular dentin. Specimens with a #4000 polished dentin flat surface were ultrasonically cleaned for 60 min (15 min × 4 times). Then, the bond strength, failure modes, and micromorphology of surfaces coated with desensitizing agent to which resin was bonded immediately afterward and surfaces coated with desensitizing agent to which the resin was bonded after storage for 7 days in water were compared against a control to which no desensitizing agent was applied. The desensitizing agents used in this research did not promote adhesion of the resin immediately after application, but rather suppressed or completely obstructed it. Although deposits of microparticles and thin film material, which were observed immediately after application, tended to disappear after 7 days of storage in water, some of the desensitizing agents exhibited the same bond strength as the control, whereas other desensitizing agents did not show recovery of adhesion strength. Therefore, care is required when performing resin restoration immediately after application of a desensitizing agent, depending on the agent used, and caution must be exercised in the selection of desensitizing agents in the clinical setting.
{"title":"Effects of Various Desensitizing Agents on the Microtensile Bond Strength of a Hypersensitive Dentin Model Produced in vitro Using a One-step Self-etch System","authors":"Bayarmaa Batzorig, K. Nakano, Kosei Murata, Mayumi Maesako, Kazuho Inoue, Takafumi Kishimoto, S. Tomoda, H. Maeda, Taku Horie, M. Fujitani","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.19","url":null,"abstract":"In the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity accompanying tooth substance defects such as wedge-shape defects, hypoesthesia can be achieved by applying a desensitizing agent before carrying out restoration using resin composite. However, almost no research has investigated the adhesion of resin to dentin coated with the latest desensitizing agents. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of various desensitizing agents on the adhesion of resin to dentin in combination with a 1-step self-etch system by using a hypersensitive dentin model in which the dentinal tubules were opened without etching and there was almost no smear layer on the intertubular dentin. Specimens with a #4000 polished dentin flat surface were ultrasonically cleaned for 60 min (15 min × 4 times). Then, the bond strength, failure modes, and micromorphology of surfaces coated with desensitizing agent to which resin was bonded immediately afterward and surfaces coated with desensitizing agent to which the resin was bonded after storage for 7 days in water were compared against a control to which no desensitizing agent was applied. The desensitizing agents used in this research did not promote adhesion of the resin immediately after application, but rather suppressed or completely obstructed it. Although deposits of microparticles and thin film material, which were observed immediately after application, tended to disappear after 7 days of storage in water, some of the desensitizing agents exhibited the same bond strength as the control, whereas other desensitizing agents did not show recovery of adhesion strength. Therefore, care is required when performing resin restoration immediately after application of a desensitizing agent, depending on the agent used, and caution must be exercised in the selection of desensitizing agents in the clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum: Erosion by an Acidic Soft Drink of Human Molar Teeth Assessed by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis [Journal of Hard Tissue Biology 26(1) Vol.26, 2017, pp 81-86]","authors":"","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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