T. Notomi, Chie Kise, R. Kobayashi, Miki Otsuka, Y. Momota, Y. Ezura, T. Kawazoe
: Osteoclast differentiation is one of the key steps that regulate bone mass and involves RANKL-induced changes in the intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Previously, we reported the function of a lysosomal Ca 2+ channel, two-pore channel (TPC) subtype 2 (TPC2), using TPC2-knockout RAW264.7 cell line (RAW) during osteoclastogenesis. However, the effects of overexpressed TPC2 have not been examined because of the relatively low lipid-based efficiency transfection in RAW. In this study, TPC2 was transfected in RAW and RAW-derived mature osteoclast-like cells using an improved lipid-based transfection method. TPC2 was predominantly localized in the ruffled border-like structure of the osteoclasts. Moreover, overexpression of TPC2 promoted osteoclast differentiation. In addition, expression levels of TPC1 were measured, and TPC1-expressing vectors were transfected into RAW to investigate the role of TPC1 in osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclast dif ferentiation was promoted in TPC1-transfected RAW. Notably, TPC2 expression was not influenced by TPC1 overexpres sion. Furthermore, TPC1 was knocked down by siRNA, resulting in reduced TRAP activity. TRAP is a biochemical indica tor of osteoclastogenesis. Our findings suggest that TPC1 and TPC2 have independent essential roles in the differentiation of osteoclasts.
{"title":"TPC1 and TPC2 Promote Osteoclastogenesis","authors":"T. Notomi, Chie Kise, R. Kobayashi, Miki Otsuka, Y. Momota, Y. Ezura, T. Kawazoe","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.333","url":null,"abstract":": Osteoclast differentiation is one of the key steps that regulate bone mass and involves RANKL-induced changes in the intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Previously, we reported the function of a lysosomal Ca 2+ channel, two-pore channel (TPC) subtype 2 (TPC2), using TPC2-knockout RAW264.7 cell line (RAW) during osteoclastogenesis. However, the effects of overexpressed TPC2 have not been examined because of the relatively low lipid-based efficiency transfection in RAW. In this study, TPC2 was transfected in RAW and RAW-derived mature osteoclast-like cells using an improved lipid-based transfection method. TPC2 was predominantly localized in the ruffled border-like structure of the osteoclasts. Moreover, overexpression of TPC2 promoted osteoclast differentiation. In addition, expression levels of TPC1 were measured, and TPC1-expressing vectors were transfected into RAW to investigate the role of TPC1 in osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclast dif ferentiation was promoted in TPC1-transfected RAW. Notably, TPC2 expression was not influenced by TPC1 overexpres sion. Furthermore, TPC1 was knocked down by siRNA, resulting in reduced TRAP activity. TRAP is a biochemical indica tor of osteoclastogenesis. Our findings suggest that TPC1 and TPC2 have independent essential roles in the differentiation of osteoclasts.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sakuma, Haruka Takahashi, T. Kii, Miho Watanabe, A. Tanaka
The squamous cell carcinoma cell line NOKT-1 was successfully established from the right tongue of a 74-yearold Japanese man. Pathological diagnosis of the original tumor was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. NOKT-1 cells were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice and xenograft was formed. In addition, the NOKT-1-XG cell line was established from the transplanted tumor of NOKT-1 cells. NOKT-1 cells and NOKT-1-XG cells were epithelial neoplastic and pleomorphic cells, which were similar. Immunocytochemistry revealed that NOKT-1 and NOKT-1-XG cells were CK17 and human mitochondria positive. To authenticate the NOKT-1 cell line and NOKT-1-XG cell line, we examined cross-contamination with other cell lines using short tandem repeat analysis, the results of which showed that NOKT-1 and NOKT-1-XG are new cell lines. Four of the 16 loci, corresponding to 25%, were different between these two cell lines, which indicates that the NOKT-1 genome was altered by transplantation. Moreover, in AM, NOKT-1 did not have a Y chromosome, whereas NOKT-1-XG had. Despite the genetic differences, a collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug susceptibility test demonstrated that NOKT-1 cells derived from the original tumor and the NOKT-1-XG cell line had the same sensitivity. This cell line could be very useful for the development of immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens and research on cancer etiology.
{"title":"Establishment and Characterization of the Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line NOKT-1","authors":"K. Sakuma, Haruka Takahashi, T. Kii, Miho Watanabe, A. Tanaka","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.97","url":null,"abstract":"The squamous cell carcinoma cell line NOKT-1 was successfully established from the right tongue of a 74-yearold Japanese man. Pathological diagnosis of the original tumor was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. NOKT-1 cells were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice and xenograft was formed. In addition, the NOKT-1-XG cell line was established from the transplanted tumor of NOKT-1 cells. NOKT-1 cells and NOKT-1-XG cells were epithelial neoplastic and pleomorphic cells, which were similar. Immunocytochemistry revealed that NOKT-1 and NOKT-1-XG cells were CK17 and human mitochondria positive. To authenticate the NOKT-1 cell line and NOKT-1-XG cell line, we examined cross-contamination with other cell lines using short tandem repeat analysis, the results of which showed that NOKT-1 and NOKT-1-XG are new cell lines. Four of the 16 loci, corresponding to 25%, were different between these two cell lines, which indicates that the NOKT-1 genome was altered by transplantation. Moreover, in AM, NOKT-1 did not have a Y chromosome, whereas NOKT-1-XG had. Despite the genetic differences, a collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug susceptibility test demonstrated that NOKT-1 cells derived from the original tumor and the NOKT-1-XG cell line had the same sensitivity. This cell line could be very useful for the development of immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens and research on cancer etiology.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yumiko Kambara, E. Kobayashi, H. Katsuragi, Akira Tanaka
We evaluated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZOL) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) associated with wound healing in oral soft tissues. HGFs and HUVECs were divided into two groups: a culture media control group and a group exposed to ZOL (50 μM). Cell proliferation was measured after 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. The migration ability of cells was measured for each experiment using the wound healing assay. The apoptosis rate was confirmed using the apoptosis assay. Culture supernatants were collected from each experimental group and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in the culture media was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further, the expression level of VEGF-A was evaluated and compared using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The proliferation and migration abilities of both HGFs and HUVECs were confirmed to be suppressed by the addition of ZOL, resulting in apoptosis. ELISA revealed that the quantity of VEGF produced in HGFs was significantly higher in the ZOL group than in the control group until 2 days after the addition of ZOL. In HGFs, the mRNA expression levels of intracellular VEGF-A increased with the addition of ZOL, demonstrating the production of VEGF. In contrast, in HUVECs, although the mRNA expression levels of endogenous VEGF-A increased with the addition of ZOL, VEGF production was considerably decreased in the culture supernatant, indicating the possibility of abnormalities in the autocrine functions of endogenous VEGF or intracellular signal transduction of exogenous VEGF. These data suggest the utility of therapeutic approaches directed toward abnormalities in VEGF intracellular signaling to improve medicationrelated osteonecrosis of the jaw soft-tissue healing.
我们评估了唑来膦酸(ZOL)对与口腔软组织伤口愈合相关的人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGFs)和人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)的影响。将hgf和huvec分为培养基对照组和ZOL (50 μM)暴露组。分别于2、4、6、8天后测定细胞增殖情况。在每次实验中，使用伤口愈合实验测量细胞的迁移能力。细胞凋亡法测定细胞凋亡率。收集各组培养上清液，采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定培养基中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的生成。进一步，利用实时定量聚合酶链反应评估和比较VEGF-A的表达水平。ZOL的加入抑制了hgf和HUVECs的增殖和迁移能力，导致细胞凋亡。ELISA结果显示，添加ZOL后2天，ZOL组hgf中产生的VEGF数量明显高于对照组。在hgf中，随着ZOL的加入，细胞内VEGF- a mRNA表达水平升高，表明VEGF的产生。相反，在HUVECs中，虽然内源性VEGF- a的mRNA表达水平随着ZOL的加入而升高，但培养上清中VEGF的产生却明显减少，提示内源性VEGF的自分泌功能或外源性VEGF的细胞内信号转导可能出现异常。这些数据表明，针对VEGF细胞内信号异常的治疗方法可以改善药物相关性颌骨骨坏死软组织愈合。
{"title":"Effects of Zoledronic Acid on Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells","authors":"Yumiko Kambara, E. Kobayashi, H. Katsuragi, Akira Tanaka","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.123","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZOL) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) associated with wound healing in oral soft tissues. HGFs and HUVECs were divided into two groups: a culture media control group and a group exposed to ZOL (50 μM). Cell proliferation was measured after 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. The migration ability of cells was measured for each experiment using the wound healing assay. The apoptosis rate was confirmed using the apoptosis assay. Culture supernatants were collected from each experimental group and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in the culture media was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further, the expression level of VEGF-A was evaluated and compared using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The proliferation and migration abilities of both HGFs and HUVECs were confirmed to be suppressed by the addition of ZOL, resulting in apoptosis. ELISA revealed that the quantity of VEGF produced in HGFs was significantly higher in the ZOL group than in the control group until 2 days after the addition of ZOL. In HGFs, the mRNA expression levels of intracellular VEGF-A increased with the addition of ZOL, demonstrating the production of VEGF. In contrast, in HUVECs, although the mRNA expression levels of endogenous VEGF-A increased with the addition of ZOL, VEGF production was considerably decreased in the culture supernatant, indicating the possibility of abnormalities in the autocrine functions of endogenous VEGF or intracellular signal transduction of exogenous VEGF. These data suggest the utility of therapeutic approaches directed toward abnormalities in VEGF intracellular signaling to improve medicationrelated osteonecrosis of the jaw soft-tissue healing.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kei Suzuki, Hiroyuki Nakano, Tomohiro Yamada, Sho Mizobuchi, Kousuke Yasuda, Safieh Albouga, Kazuya Inoue, Mayumi Matsumura, Shiho Tajiri, K. Mishima, Y. Mori, T. Ueno
: Good facial expression is an important goal of orthognathic surgery because facial expression has a considerably greater influence on humans’ aesthetic judgements than facial profile alone. However, to date, no reports have attempted to predict post-operative smiles from straight faces. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different tech niques to create a posed smile (virtual) from a straight face (original). Twenty-five volunteers with no medical history that would interfere with a straight face or a posed smile were enrolled. After creating homologous models from the straight face and posed smile models, we assessed the ability of the principal component (PC) method and the improved Manchester (i-M) method to create a posed smile (virtual) from a straight face (original). Positive errors for the PC and i-M were 1.4 ± 0.5 mm, 0.9 ± 0.4 mm, respectively, and there was a significant difference. Although there were significant differences in error, the error of two methods, including homologous modeling techniques and principal component analysis, were clinically small and useful for predicting change in facial expression.
良好的面部表情是正颌手术的一个重要目标，因为面部表情比面部轮廓对人类审美判断的影响要大得多。然而，到目前为止，还没有报道试图预测手术后的微笑。这项研究的目的是评估不同技术的有效性，从一张直脸(真实)创造出一个摆姿势的微笑(虚拟)。25名没有病史的志愿者被招募，这些病史会影响他们的面部表情或故作微笑。在从直脸和摆姿微笑模型创建同源模型后，我们评估了主成分(PC)方法和改进的曼彻斯特(i-M)方法从直脸(原始)创建摆姿微笑(虚拟)的能力。PC阳性误差为1.4±0.5 mm, i-M阳性误差为0.9±0.4 mm，差异有统计学意义。虽然在误差上存在显著差异，但同源建模技术和主成分分析两种方法的误差在临床上较小，可用于预测面部表情的变化。
{"title":"Establishment of a Method for Predicting a Posed Smile from a Straight Face","authors":"Kei Suzuki, Hiroyuki Nakano, Tomohiro Yamada, Sho Mizobuchi, Kousuke Yasuda, Safieh Albouga, Kazuya Inoue, Mayumi Matsumura, Shiho Tajiri, K. Mishima, Y. Mori, T. Ueno","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.221","url":null,"abstract":": Good facial expression is an important goal of orthognathic surgery because facial expression has a considerably greater influence on humans’ aesthetic judgements than facial profile alone. However, to date, no reports have attempted to predict post-operative smiles from straight faces. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different tech niques to create a posed smile (virtual) from a straight face (original). Twenty-five volunteers with no medical history that would interfere with a straight face or a posed smile were enrolled. After creating homologous models from the straight face and posed smile models, we assessed the ability of the principal component (PC) method and the improved Manchester (i-M) method to create a posed smile (virtual) from a straight face (original). Positive errors for the PC and i-M were 1.4 ± 0.5 mm, 0.9 ± 0.4 mm, respectively, and there was a significant difference. Although there were significant differences in error, the error of two methods, including homologous modeling techniques and principal component analysis, were clinically small and useful for predicting change in facial expression.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Murata, H. Takahasi, Y. Kawase‐Koga, Daiki Yamakawa, Daichi Kohinata, D. Chikazu
Fluoride has recently been indicated as a risk factor for peri-implantitis. However, no reports have confirmed this intraorally in humans or in experiments using large animals. Thus, in the present study, we used beagles to verify the effects on surrounding tissue when dental implants were implanted and peri-implantitis was induced. To elucidate any possible correlation with peri-implantitis, we also quantitatively examined titanium corrosion and elution due to fluoride. subjects were divided into three groups, namely, (1) no fluoride, no pressure thread; (2) fluoride, no pressure thread; and (3) fluoride, pressure thread. All the total 12 implants survived, indicating an implant survival rate of 100%. Dental X-ray measurement of bone resorption and measurement of bone destruction volume with μCT indicated significantly more bone resorption and bone destruction in group (3) than in group (1). There was no significant difference between group (1) and group (2). in addition, there was no significant difference between group (2) and group (3). Scanning electron microscope measurement of titanium in gingiva around the implants did not reveal any significant differences among the three groups. Based on quantitative data, our results suggested that fluoride exacerbates peri-implantitis.
{"title":"Elucidation of the Relationship between Peri-Implantitis and Fluoride: A Correlation Study","authors":"T. Murata, H. Takahasi, Y. Kawase‐Koga, Daiki Yamakawa, Daichi Kohinata, D. Chikazu","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.317","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoride has recently been indicated as a risk factor for peri-implantitis. However, no reports have confirmed this intraorally in humans or in experiments using large animals. Thus, in the present study, we used beagles to verify the effects on surrounding tissue when dental implants were implanted and peri-implantitis was induced. To elucidate any possible correlation with peri-implantitis, we also quantitatively examined titanium corrosion and elution due to fluoride. subjects were divided into three groups, namely, (1) no fluoride, no pressure thread; (2) fluoride, no pressure thread; and (3) fluoride, pressure thread. All the total 12 implants survived, indicating an implant survival rate of 100%. Dental X-ray measurement of bone resorption and measurement of bone destruction volume with μCT indicated significantly more bone resorption and bone destruction in group (3) than in group (1). There was no significant difference between group (1) and group (2). in addition, there was no significant difference between group (2) and group (3). Scanning electron microscope measurement of titanium in gingiva around the implants did not reveal any significant differences among the three groups. Based on quantitative data, our results suggested that fluoride exacerbates peri-implantitis.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ono, Y. Okada, Y. Kanri, Hiroto Sano, H. Hasegawa
Clinically suspected oral lichen planus (OLP) includes histopathologically proven OLP, oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) or lichenoid stomatitis, and oral lichenoid dysplasia (OLD). Malignant transforming potential of OLD is a diagnostic issue. This study aimed to exclude OLD from OLP and OLL and examine the role of OLD in malignant transformation. Immunostaining for CK13, CK17, p53, Ki-67, Coxsackie‒adenovirus receptor (CAR) and E-Cadherin was conducted in 200 cases. CK13-positive rate was lower in OLD (33.3%) than in OLP and OLL. CK17-positive rate was slightly lower in OLP (89.2%) compared to OLL and OLD. Ki-67positive rate from basal to spinous layer was higher in OLD (30.6%) than in OLP and OLL, and p53 showed similar trend (OLD: 19.4%). Rate of attenuated CAR staining intensity from basal layer to lower one-third of spinous layer was higher in OLD (77.8%) compared to OLP and OLL, similar to rate of attenuated E-Cadherin staining (OLD: 45.8%). In conclusion, a diagnosis of OLP or OLL is indicated when the lesion is CK13 positive and CK17 positive, with no attenuation of staining intensity for CAR and E-Cadherin from the basal layer to the lower onethird of the spinous layer. On the other hand, a diagnosis of OLD is indicated when the lesion is CK13 negative and CK 17 positive, with attenuation of staining intensity for CAR and E-Cadherin from the basal layer to the lower one-third of the spinous layer. In OLD, attenuated CAR expression may participate in malignant transformation by weakening cell junction in the epithelium and inducing epithelial mesenchymal transition.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical Study of Differential Expressions of CAR, E-Cadherin, CK-13, -17, p53 and Ki-67 in Oral Lichen Planus, Lichenoid Lesion and Lichenoid Epithelial Dysplasia","authors":"J. Ono, Y. Okada, Y. Kanri, Hiroto Sano, H. Hasegawa","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.355","url":null,"abstract":"Clinically suspected oral lichen planus (OLP) includes histopathologically proven OLP, oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) or lichenoid stomatitis, and oral lichenoid dysplasia (OLD). Malignant transforming potential of OLD is a diagnostic issue. This study aimed to exclude OLD from OLP and OLL and examine the role of OLD in malignant transformation. Immunostaining for CK13, CK17, p53, Ki-67, Coxsackie‒adenovirus receptor (CAR) and E-Cadherin was conducted in 200 cases. CK13-positive rate was lower in OLD (33.3%) than in OLP and OLL. CK17-positive rate was slightly lower in OLP (89.2%) compared to OLL and OLD. Ki-67positive rate from basal to spinous layer was higher in OLD (30.6%) than in OLP and OLL, and p53 showed similar trend (OLD: 19.4%). Rate of attenuated CAR staining intensity from basal layer to lower one-third of spinous layer was higher in OLD (77.8%) compared to OLP and OLL, similar to rate of attenuated E-Cadherin staining (OLD: 45.8%). In conclusion, a diagnosis of OLP or OLL is indicated when the lesion is CK13 positive and CK17 positive, with no attenuation of staining intensity for CAR and E-Cadherin from the basal layer to the lower onethird of the spinous layer. On the other hand, a diagnosis of OLD is indicated when the lesion is CK13 negative and CK 17 positive, with attenuation of staining intensity for CAR and E-Cadherin from the basal layer to the lower one-third of the spinous layer. In OLD, attenuated CAR expression may participate in malignant transformation by weakening cell junction in the epithelium and inducing epithelial mesenchymal transition.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu-hui Fan, Lei Yue, P. Qu, W. Yang, Ji-Lun Liu, Yaoqiang Liu, Yinghe Zhang
: The present study aimed to establish a strategy to accurately remove teeth adjacent to mesially impacted wisdom teeth. Geometric principles were applied to analyze the resistance of teeth adjacent to mesially impacted wisdom teeth before extraction, and the resistance of adjacent teeth was relieved. The traditional method used to extract mesially impacted wisdom teeth is the chisel technique, which has been gradually replaced by minimally invasive extraction because of its great degree of trauma. This study determined the cutting method, cutting line position, and cutting direction of mesially impacted wisdom teeth based on imaging data from panoramic radiographs under geometric guidance. In the case of a short cutting line, cutting and separation were completed within one attempt, the resistance of adjacent teeth was alleviated, and the surgical duration was shortened.
{"title":"Strategy to Remove Teeth Adjacent to Mesially Impacted Wisdom Teeth Based on a Geometric Analysis","authors":"Xu-hui Fan, Lei Yue, P. Qu, W. Yang, Ji-Lun Liu, Yaoqiang Liu, Yinghe Zhang","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.85","url":null,"abstract":": The present study aimed to establish a strategy to accurately remove teeth adjacent to mesially impacted wisdom teeth. Geometric principles were applied to analyze the resistance of teeth adjacent to mesially impacted wisdom teeth before extraction, and the resistance of adjacent teeth was relieved. The traditional method used to extract mesially impacted wisdom teeth is the chisel technique, which has been gradually replaced by minimally invasive extraction because of its great degree of trauma. This study determined the cutting method, cutting line position, and cutting direction of mesially impacted wisdom teeth based on imaging data from panoramic radiographs under geometric guidance. In the case of a short cutting line, cutting and separation were completed within one attempt, the resistance of adjacent teeth was alleviated, and the surgical duration was shortened.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Reconstruction and augmentation of the alveolar bone defects pose a challenge for the dental surgeons due to its complex structure. The primary objective of tissue engineering is to regenerate or replace damaged tissues or organs includ-ing damaged bone tissues with bone grafts, cells, and biological molecules. 45S5-bioglass (45S5-BG), with its superior os-teoconductive and osteoinductive abilities, has been at the forefront of tissue engineering, alveolar bone regeneration, and periodontal regenerative surgical procedures for the past several years. With the aim of regenerating supporting alveolar bone, 45S5-BG was synthesized via sol-gel technique. 45S5-BG was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Trans mission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis. In vitro bioactivity study was validated in simulated body fluid (SBF) and analysed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In vitro cell compatibility was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimeth-ylthyazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using L929 cells. Further, in vivo alveolar bone regenerative potential of 45S5-BG bone graft was evaluated. XRD spectrum confirmed the formation of combeite crystalline phase after sintering. TEM images imparted ultra-structural features of the sample and proved the presence of a major crystalline phase embedded in a glassy matrix. In vitro bioactivity study proved the formation of hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) as confirmed by FTIR analysis. The in vitro MTT assay results confirmed the cell compatibility of 45S5-BG and histological anal ysis proved new bone formation. Within the limitations of this study, the results demonstrated that in addition to the observed bioactive and cell compatible properties, sol-gel synthesized 45S5-BG bone graft exhibited notable alveolar bone regenerative potential.
{"title":"Preclinical Evaluation of Sol-gel Synthesized Modulated 45S5-Bioglass Based Biodegradable Bone Graft Intended for Alveolar Bone Regeneration","authors":"N. Thomas, A. Manoharan, A. Anbarasu","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.303","url":null,"abstract":": Reconstruction and augmentation of the alveolar bone defects pose a challenge for the dental surgeons due to its complex structure. The primary objective of tissue engineering is to regenerate or replace damaged tissues or organs includ-ing damaged bone tissues with bone grafts, cells, and biological molecules. 45S5-bioglass (45S5-BG), with its superior os-teoconductive and osteoinductive abilities, has been at the forefront of tissue engineering, alveolar bone regeneration, and periodontal regenerative surgical procedures for the past several years. With the aim of regenerating supporting alveolar bone, 45S5-BG was synthesized via sol-gel technique. 45S5-BG was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Trans mission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis. In vitro bioactivity study was validated in simulated body fluid (SBF) and analysed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In vitro cell compatibility was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimeth-ylthyazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using L929 cells. Further, in vivo alveolar bone regenerative potential of 45S5-BG bone graft was evaluated. XRD spectrum confirmed the formation of combeite crystalline phase after sintering. TEM images imparted ultra-structural features of the sample and proved the presence of a major crystalline phase embedded in a glassy matrix. In vitro bioactivity study proved the formation of hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) as confirmed by FTIR analysis. The in vitro MTT assay results confirmed the cell compatibility of 45S5-BG and histological anal ysis proved new bone formation. Within the limitations of this study, the results demonstrated that in addition to the observed bioactive and cell compatible properties, sol-gel synthesized 45S5-BG bone graft exhibited notable alveolar bone regenerative potential.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68964794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We evaluated localization of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in the salivary and associated tissues using immunohistochemistry. Fifty paraffin-embedded blocks from 48 anonymized patients, biopsied or operated on for diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region before 2010, were analyzed. ACE2-expressing cells were observed in the parotid, sublingual and the buccal glands, the conduits, the acinar regions of the serous glands, and sparsely in the mucous glands. Scattered ACE2-positive endothelial cells were also observed in nearby capillaries nourishing the salivary glands, as well as in the juxta-epithelial capillaries of the oral mucosa. ACE-2-positive adipocytes were scattered within the stroma of the parotid gland. These observations suggest the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 may travel through the bloodstream to the capillaries that nourish the salivary glands and oral mucosa, and inducing vasculitis and damage of oral tissues. SARS-CoV-2 infection of salivary glands through the bloodstream implies the main cause of salivary contamination. Similarly, ascending infection from oral fluid to the salivary gland conduit has been shown to be another possible mute. Moreover, infection of ACE2-positive parotid adipocytes may lead to parotid glands inflammation and contribute to systemic progression of coronavirus disease 2019.
{"title":"Morphological Analysis of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Expression in the Salivary Glands and Associated Tissues","authors":"K. Yoshimura, S. Toya, Y. Okada","doi":"10.2485/JHTB.30.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/JHTB.30.265","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated localization of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in the salivary and associated tissues using immunohistochemistry. Fifty paraffin-embedded blocks from 48 anonymized patients, biopsied or operated on for diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region before 2010, were analyzed. ACE2-expressing cells were observed in the parotid, sublingual and the buccal glands, the conduits, the acinar regions of the serous glands, and sparsely in the mucous glands. Scattered ACE2-positive endothelial cells were also observed in nearby capillaries nourishing the salivary glands, as well as in the juxta-epithelial capillaries of the oral mucosa. ACE-2-positive adipocytes were scattered within the stroma of the parotid gland. These observations suggest the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 may travel through the bloodstream to the capillaries that nourish the salivary glands and oral mucosa, and inducing vasculitis and damage of oral tissues. SARS-CoV-2 infection of salivary glands through the bloodstream implies the main cause of salivary contamination. Similarly, ascending infection from oral fluid to the salivary gland conduit has been shown to be another possible mute. Moreover, infection of ACE2-positive parotid adipocytes may lead to parotid glands inflammation and contribute to systemic progression of coronavirus disease 2019.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juntao Ma, Lei Zhang, Yueyi Shi, Tong Wang, X. Kong, R. Bu, Yipeng Ren
The elevated expression of Cell cycle-Related and Expression-elevated Protein in Tumor (CREPT) is reported to promote the growth of several tumors by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cell cycle. However, the relevance of CREPT to the malignancy of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) remains unclear. The samples from 51 SACC patients were exploited in this study. We found that SACC samples exhibited a noticeably robuster CREPT expression than the para-cancerous tissues. Statistical analysis suggested that CREPT expression was significantly correlated with the T classification of SACC. To upor down-regulating CREPT expression, the specific shRNA or full length of CREPT was delivered into SACC cell lines to examine the cell proliferation, migration, colony formation and implanted xenograft survival. Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were applied to evaluate the expression of CREPT, cyclin D1, c-Myc and CDK4. Up-regulated CREPT in the low metastatic SACC line significantly promoted proliferation and colony formation, as well as cyclin D1, c-Myc and CDK4 expression. While knocking down of CREPT in the high metastatic SACC line remarkably reduced above effects. Furthermore, the SACC xenograft in mice confirmed that down-regulation of CREPT inhibited the in vivo tumor growth. Our study indicated that the elevated CREPT expression promoted the cell proliferation and tumor size of SACC by enhancing the expression of cyclin D1, c-Myc and CDK4, suggesting that CREPT contributed to SACC progression by stimulating cell proliferation, and might act as a potential target in future SACC therapy.
肿瘤细胞周期相关蛋白和表达升高蛋白(Cell cycle- related and expression -elevated Protein in Tumor，简称爬行蛋白)的表达升高，通过增强Wnt/β-catenin信号通路和细胞周期，促进多种肿瘤的生长。然而，悄悄与涎腺腺样囊性癌(SACC)恶性肿瘤的相关性尚不清楚。本研究利用了51例SACC患者的样本。我们发现SACC样品比癌旁组织表现出明显强劲的匍匐表达。统计分析表明，悄悄表达与SACC的T分型有显著相关性。为了支持下调悄悄表达，我们将特异性shRNA或全长悄悄传递到SACC细胞系中，观察细胞的增殖、迁移、集落形成和移植异种移植物的存活情况。采用Western blot法和免疫组化法检测细胞中悄悄、细胞周期蛋白D1、c-Myc和CDK4的表达。在低转移性SACC细胞系中，上调悄悄地显著促进细胞增殖和集落形成，以及cyclin D1、c-Myc和CDK4的表达。而在高转移性SACC细胞系中敲除匍匐蛋白显著降低上述作用。此外，小鼠SACC异种移植证实了下调蹑手蹑脚抑制体内肿瘤生长。我们的研究表明，升高的悄悄表达通过增强cyclin D1、c-Myc和CDK4的表达，促进SACC的细胞增殖和肿瘤大小，提示悄悄通过刺激细胞增殖促进SACC的进展，可能是未来SACC治疗的潜在靶点。
{"title":"Elevated CREPT Expression Enhances the Progression of Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","authors":"Juntao Ma, Lei Zhang, Yueyi Shi, Tong Wang, X. Kong, R. Bu, Yipeng Ren","doi":"10.2485/jhtb.30.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.30.273","url":null,"abstract":"The elevated expression of Cell cycle-Related and Expression-elevated Protein in Tumor (CREPT) is reported to promote the growth of several tumors by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cell cycle. However, the relevance of CREPT to the malignancy of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) remains unclear. The samples from 51 SACC patients were exploited in this study. We found that SACC samples exhibited a noticeably robuster CREPT expression than the para-cancerous tissues. Statistical analysis suggested that CREPT expression was significantly correlated with the T classification of SACC. To upor down-regulating CREPT expression, the specific shRNA or full length of CREPT was delivered into SACC cell lines to examine the cell proliferation, migration, colony formation and implanted xenograft survival. Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were applied to evaluate the expression of CREPT, cyclin D1, c-Myc and CDK4. Up-regulated CREPT in the low metastatic SACC line significantly promoted proliferation and colony formation, as well as cyclin D1, c-Myc and CDK4 expression. While knocking down of CREPT in the high metastatic SACC line remarkably reduced above effects. Furthermore, the SACC xenograft in mice confirmed that down-regulation of CREPT inhibited the in vivo tumor growth. Our study indicated that the elevated CREPT expression promoted the cell proliferation and tumor size of SACC by enhancing the expression of cyclin D1, c-Myc and CDK4, suggesting that CREPT contributed to SACC progression by stimulating cell proliferation, and might act as a potential target in future SACC therapy.","PeriodicalId":16040,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hard Tissue Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68965077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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