Introduction: Blood can save millions of lives, and young people are the hope and future of safe blood supply worldwide. This study was conducted with an objective to assess knowledge level regarding blood donation among college students. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Shree Mandavya Multiple Campus, Palpa, among all years of Bachelor in Business Studies students. Census sampling technique was used and the sample size was 78. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square) was used for analysis. The level of significance (p) was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.5 years. Majority (67.9%) of the participants were male and the remaining 32.1% were female. Most (87.2%) of them had never donated blood. Few (38.5%) of them had history of blood requirement in the family whereas, 23.1% had blood donation in family. More than half (51.3%) of participants had inadequate level of knowledge regarding blood donation. The study showed that sex (p=0.04), history of self-blood donation (p=0.03) and history of blood requirement in the family (p=0.01) were found statistically significant with level of knowledge regarding blood transfusion. Conclusion: This study showed that majority of the students had inadequate knowledge regarding blood donation. Thus, it is very important to adopt strategies to sensitize and motivate them towards voluntary blood donation.
{"title":"Knowledge Regarding Blood Donation among Students of a College in Western Nepal","authors":"S. Pandey, Parbati Nepal, B. Pokharel","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.302","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Blood can save millions of lives, and young people are the hope and future of safe blood supply worldwide. This study was conducted with an objective to assess knowledge level regarding blood donation among college students. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Shree Mandavya Multiple Campus, Palpa, among all years of Bachelor in Business Studies students. Census sampling technique was used and the sample size was 78. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square) was used for analysis. The level of significance (p) was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.5 years. Majority (67.9%) of the participants were male and the remaining 32.1% were female. Most (87.2%) of them had never donated blood. Few (38.5%) of them had history of blood requirement in the family whereas, 23.1% had blood donation in family. More than half (51.3%) of participants had inadequate level of knowledge regarding blood donation. The study showed that sex (p=0.04), history of self-blood donation (p=0.03) and history of blood requirement in the family (p=0.01) were found statistically significant with level of knowledge regarding blood transfusion. Conclusion: This study showed that majority of the students had inadequate knowledge regarding blood donation. Thus, it is very important to adopt strategies to sensitize and motivate them towards voluntary blood donation.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45360553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In diagnosis of thyroid lesions, the negative pressure applied during fine needle aspirationcytology (FNAC) frequently produces bloody smears. This results in a compromise in cellular concentrationand architecture which may lead to improper interpretation. Fine needle capillary sampling cytology(FNCC), on the other hand, avoids active aspiration as it depends on capillary tension to collect tissuesamples in the needle bore. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of FNAC and FNCC in thyroidlesions. Methods: A total of 120 patients were included in this study conducted over a duration of 19months. All thyroid swellings advised for cyto-diagnosis were sampled by both fine-needle aspiration(FNAC) and non-aspiration (FNCC) techniques. The slides were assessed according to the Mair et al.scoring system. Results: In the FNCC group, 72 (60%) smears were diagnostically superior while 54 (45%)smears were diagnostically superior in the FNAC group. Blood contamination (p=0.003), cellular trauma(p=0.019), and degree of cellular degeneration (p=0.026) were less and cellular architecture (p=0.047) waspreserved more in FNCC in comparison to FNAC groups. Conclusion: This study showed the superiority ofFNCC for the interpretation and diagnosis of thyroid lesions. However, the combination of both FNAC andFNCC could maximize the diagnostic yield.
{"title":"Fine Needle Aspiration versus Fine Needle Capillary Sampling Technique in Cyto-diagnosis of Thyroid Lesions","authors":"A. Tiwari, P. Dahal, S. Regmi, R. Rai","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.385","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In diagnosis of thyroid lesions, the negative pressure applied during fine needle aspirationcytology (FNAC) frequently produces bloody smears. This results in a compromise in cellular concentrationand architecture which may lead to improper interpretation. Fine needle capillary sampling cytology(FNCC), on the other hand, avoids active aspiration as it depends on capillary tension to collect tissuesamples in the needle bore. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of FNAC and FNCC in thyroidlesions. Methods: A total of 120 patients were included in this study conducted over a duration of 19months. All thyroid swellings advised for cyto-diagnosis were sampled by both fine-needle aspiration(FNAC) and non-aspiration (FNCC) techniques. The slides were assessed according to the Mair et al.scoring system. Results: In the FNCC group, 72 (60%) smears were diagnostically superior while 54 (45%)smears were diagnostically superior in the FNAC group. Blood contamination (p=0.003), cellular trauma(p=0.019), and degree of cellular degeneration (p=0.026) were less and cellular architecture (p=0.047) waspreserved more in FNCC in comparison to FNAC groups. Conclusion: This study showed the superiority ofFNCC for the interpretation and diagnosis of thyroid lesions. However, the combination of both FNAC andFNCC could maximize the diagnostic yield.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42330108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Periocular paederus dermatitis (Nairobi eye) is characterized by erythematous vesiculobullouslinear plaque with stinging sensation. It commonly occurs during rainy season. It has been describedin people living near agricultural fields due to the potential toxin pederin. This study aims to evaluate thedemographic profile and clinical presentation of patients with periocular paederus dermatitis in a tertiary carecenter. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study evaluating patients attending dermatologyand/or ophthalmology department with features consistent with paederus dermatitis involving perioculararea from June to August, 2019. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained; clinical photographswere taken and histopathology performed among selected patients. Results: A total of 24 (14.8%) patients hadfeatures of Nairobi eye among 162 patients of paederus dermatitis. Majority of the patients were males (1.4:1)with mean age 29.08±13.38 years. The peak time of presentation was the first week of July (37.5%). Meantime period between onset of symptoms and presentation was 3.41±2.01 days. The lesions were unilateral inall cases, with predominant involvement of the right eye (62%). Burning sensation (80%) and itching (60%)were the predominant symptoms while conjunctival hyperemia (41.6%), seropurulent discharge (20.8%)and chemosis (16.6%) were the ocular findings. Most of the patients (n=17, 70.8%) noticed the lesion whilewaking up in the morning. Conclusion: The finding of the present study has shown that Nairobi eye isa common presentation during rainy season. Periocular findings with significant intraocular signs weredocumented to be presenting features among patients with periocular paederus dermatitis.
{"title":"Nairobi Eye: A Clinico-epidemiological Study from A Tertiary Care Center of Central Nepal","authors":"Shekhar K.C., Aditi Mishra, K. Dhiraj, D. Karn","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.370","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Periocular paederus dermatitis (Nairobi eye) is characterized by erythematous vesiculobullouslinear plaque with stinging sensation. It commonly occurs during rainy season. It has been describedin people living near agricultural fields due to the potential toxin pederin. This study aims to evaluate thedemographic profile and clinical presentation of patients with periocular paederus dermatitis in a tertiary carecenter. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study evaluating patients attending dermatologyand/or ophthalmology department with features consistent with paederus dermatitis involving perioculararea from June to August, 2019. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained; clinical photographswere taken and histopathology performed among selected patients. Results: A total of 24 (14.8%) patients hadfeatures of Nairobi eye among 162 patients of paederus dermatitis. Majority of the patients were males (1.4:1)with mean age 29.08±13.38 years. The peak time of presentation was the first week of July (37.5%). Meantime period between onset of symptoms and presentation was 3.41±2.01 days. The lesions were unilateral inall cases, with predominant involvement of the right eye (62%). Burning sensation (80%) and itching (60%)were the predominant symptoms while conjunctival hyperemia (41.6%), seropurulent discharge (20.8%)and chemosis (16.6%) were the ocular findings. Most of the patients (n=17, 70.8%) noticed the lesion whilewaking up in the morning. Conclusion: The finding of the present study has shown that Nairobi eye isa common presentation during rainy season. Periocular findings with significant intraocular signs weredocumented to be presenting features among patients with periocular paederus dermatitis.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47716278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Estimation of height from bones plays an important role in identifying unknown bodies, parts of bodies, or skeletal remains. Multiple anthropometric techniques have been used to estimate stature from skeletal remains by anthropologists, anatomists, and forensic experts. The ulna is a long bone often used for body height estimation, as it is mostly subcutaneous throughout its length and is easily approachable for measurement. Methods: The present study was carried out on 100 (57 male and 43 female) undergraduate students of a medical college of the age group of 18 to 24 years. The parameters studied were height, length of right, and left ulna. The observations were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation to examine the relationship between the length of ulna and height. Results: The mean height of males was 174.54 ± 13.32 cm and of females was 156.01±11.19 cm. The mean length of the right ulna was 27.36 ± 2.12 cm (males) and 24.35±1.97 cm (females). The mean length of the left ulna was 27.29 ± 2.13 cm (males) and 24.06 ± 2.18 cm (females). Pearson’s correlation showed a positive and statistically significant (p<0.001) relation between the length of the ulna and the height. The regression equation was derived to estimate the height of an individual from the length of the ulna. Conclusion: The ulna bone length is an accurate parameter that can be used in estimating an individual's height. The regression equation derived in this study can be of great help to anatomists, clinicians, anthropologists, and forensic scientists.
{"title":"Estimating the Height of An Individual from The Length of Ulna in Undergraduate Students of a Nepalese Medical College","authors":"N. Pandey, Bandana Padhee","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I2.377","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Estimation of height from bones plays an important role in identifying unknown bodies, parts of bodies, or skeletal remains. Multiple anthropometric techniques have been used to estimate stature from skeletal remains by anthropologists, anatomists, and forensic experts. The ulna is a long bone often used for body height estimation, as it is mostly subcutaneous throughout its length and is easily approachable for measurement. Methods: The present study was carried out on 100 (57 male and 43 female) undergraduate students of a medical college of the age group of 18 to 24 years. The parameters studied were height, length of right, and left ulna. The observations were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation to examine the relationship between the length of ulna and height. Results: The mean height of males was 174.54 ± 13.32 cm and of females was 156.01±11.19 cm. The mean length of the right ulna was 27.36 ± 2.12 cm (males) and 24.35±1.97 cm (females). The mean length of the left ulna was 27.29 ± 2.13 cm (males) and 24.06 ± 2.18 cm (females). Pearson’s correlation showed a positive and statistically significant (p<0.001) relation between the length of the ulna and the height. The regression equation was derived to estimate the height of an individual from the length of the ulna. Conclusion: The ulna bone length is an accurate parameter that can be used in estimating an individual's height. The regression equation derived in this study can be of great help to anatomists, clinicians, anthropologists, and forensic scientists.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48744759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid (MSAF) is a frequent finding during deliveries and is a cause for perinatal morbidity and mortality. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) in neonates is an association in these deliveries with some infants requiring mechanical ventilation. This study was done with the aim of finding the risk factors for MSAF and its perinatal outcome. Methods: This was a hospital based, cross-sectional study. All the inborn babies delivered with MSAF were included in the study. Antenatal risk factors and perinatal outcomes like mode of delivery, Apgar score, NICU admission and neonatal morbidities mainly MAS were noted. Results: MSAF was seen in 202 (13.6%) neonates out of which 30 (15%)developed MAS. Antenatal risk factors were present in 97 (48%) cases. Mode of delivery was caesarean section in 78 (39%) and instrumental in 25 (13%) cases. Twenty three percent of the neonates required resuscitation at birth while 34% required respiratory support. Morbidities observed were meconium aspiration, pneumonia, septicaemia, perinatal asphyxia, shock, meconium gastritis and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Neonatal mortality amongst all neonates with meconium was 1.5%.Conclusion: Meconium stained amniotic fluid leading to aspiration is a significant cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Most of the risk factors for MAS are preventable.
{"title":"Risk Factors and Perinatal Outcome of Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid","authors":"U. Chhetri, S. Aryal","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.314","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid (MSAF) is a frequent finding during deliveries and is a cause for perinatal morbidity and mortality. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) in neonates is an association in these deliveries with some infants requiring mechanical ventilation. This study was done with the aim of finding the risk factors for MSAF and its perinatal outcome. Methods: This was a hospital based, cross-sectional study. All the inborn babies delivered with MSAF were included in the study. Antenatal risk factors and perinatal outcomes like mode of delivery, Apgar score, NICU admission and neonatal morbidities mainly MAS were noted. Results: MSAF was seen in 202 (13.6%) neonates out of which 30 (15%)developed MAS. Antenatal risk factors were present in 97 (48%) cases. Mode of delivery was caesarean section in 78 (39%) and instrumental in 25 (13%) cases. Twenty three percent of the neonates required resuscitation at birth while 34% required respiratory support. Morbidities observed were meconium aspiration, pneumonia, septicaemia, perinatal asphyxia, shock, meconium gastritis and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Neonatal mortality amongst all neonates with meconium was 1.5%.Conclusion: Meconium stained amniotic fluid leading to aspiration is a significant cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Most of the risk factors for MAS are preventable.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49417181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign tumor with aggressive behavior accounting for less than 0.5% of all bone tumors. There are several case-reports of this tumor occurring in different bones. Case report: Here we report a case of 19 years old male with the tumor arising from the inferior pole of right patella which was treated by complete excision of the lesion. The histopathology report was consistent with chondromyxoid fibroma. Conclusion: Chondromyxoid fibroma is a benign but locally aggressive tumor which may occur at unusual sites.
{"title":"Chondromyxoid fibroma of patella: a rare case","authors":"Ajaya Regmi, A. Rajak, Sushil Sharma, C. Pandey","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.318","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign tumor with aggressive behavior accounting for less than 0.5% of all bone tumors. There are several case-reports of this tumor occurring in different bones. Case report: Here we report a case of 19 years old male with the tumor arising from the inferior pole of right patella which was treated by complete excision of the lesion. The histopathology report was consistent with chondromyxoid fibroma. Conclusion: Chondromyxoid fibroma is a benign but locally aggressive tumor which may occur at unusual sites.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"96-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44462603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Neonatal congenital anomalies are the 17th leading cause of global disease burden. Congenital anomalies in low-income countries are high due to prevalence of nutritional deficiencies, intrauterine infections, teratogenic exposure and unsupervised self medication. This study aimed to find various antenatal risk factors for birth defects and the delays in health seeking behaviors in cases of still births with birth defects. Methods: In this retrospective study the records of mothers and neonates born with congenital anomalies during the period of 30 months were reviewed. Consanguinity, intrauterine infections, presence of anemia, and history of drug intake were noted. In cases of stillborns with anomalies, mode of delivery, labor complications and the three delays leading to morbidities were also noted. Results: There were 65 congenital anomalies during the study period with an incidence of 9.3 per 1000 births. Out of them, 43 were live births and 22 were still births. The commonest anomaly amongst live births was of musculoskeletal system (n=11, 25.5%) and amongst still births was of nervous system (n=10, 45.4%). Consanguineous marriage was present in 30 (46.1%) parents and folic acid was taken by only 26(40%) of the mothers. In cases of still births with anomalies, most deliveries were vaginal (97%) without any maternal complications. Among the three delays, delay in deciding to seek care was observed in most cases (n=14, 63.6%).Conclusion: Factors like consanguinity and intake of folic acid are modifiable factors useful in preventing congenital anomalies. Encouraging early antenatal visits might help in early detection of anomalies.
{"title":"“Overcoming the Defect”:A Perinatal Review of Congenital Anomalies in 6984 Consecutive Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Center in Western Nepal","authors":"S. Aryal, D. Shrestha","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.317","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neonatal congenital anomalies are the 17th leading cause of global disease burden. Congenital anomalies in low-income countries are high due to prevalence of nutritional deficiencies, intrauterine infections, teratogenic exposure and unsupervised self medication. This study aimed to find various antenatal risk factors for birth defects and the delays in health seeking behaviors in cases of still births with birth defects. Methods: In this retrospective study the records of mothers and neonates born with congenital anomalies during the period of 30 months were reviewed. Consanguinity, intrauterine infections, presence of anemia, and history of drug intake were noted. In cases of stillborns with anomalies, mode of delivery, labor complications and the three delays leading to morbidities were also noted. Results: There were 65 congenital anomalies during the study period with an incidence of 9.3 per 1000 births. Out of them, 43 were live births and 22 were still births. The commonest anomaly amongst live births was of musculoskeletal system (n=11, 25.5%) and amongst still births was of nervous system (n=10, 45.4%). Consanguineous marriage was present in 30 (46.1%) parents and folic acid was taken by only 26(40%) of the mothers. In cases of still births with anomalies, most deliveries were vaginal (97%) without any maternal complications. Among the three delays, delay in deciding to seek care was observed in most cases (n=14, 63.6%).Conclusion: Factors like consanguinity and intake of folic acid are modifiable factors useful in preventing congenital anomalies. Encouraging early antenatal visits might help in early detection of anomalies.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45913238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Intentional self harm is a potentially self injurious action with a non-fatal outcome for which there is evidence, either explicit or implicit, that the individual intended to kill himself or herself. Suicide is a fatal act of self-injury (self harm) undertaken with more or less conscious self destructive intent. There has been an increase in the number of patients presenting with attempted suicide in the emergency settings of hospitals. This study aimed to explore socio-demographic characteristics, pattern of attempts, psychiatric diagnosis, psychosocial and personality factors among survivors of suicide attempt presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The study included 100 survivors of intentional self harm registered over a period of six months visiting a tertiary care hospital. The cases directly presented to Psychiatry department and were referred from medical and other departments for psychiatric evaluation. They underwent evaluation by consultant psychiatrist and received appropriate interventions. Results: Majority of the victims were female (73%), belonging to the age group of 20-40 years. The most common method of attempt was self poisoning with pesticides (65%) followed by hanging (16%) and overdose of drugs (7%). Most of the attempts (68%) were impulsive in nature. Mental illness was diagnosed in (65%) of the cases, mainly depressive disorder (51%), and personality disorder (10 %). Most of the attempts (67%) were triggered by psycho-social factors. Conclusion: The pattern shows predominance of female gender, young age group, a role of mental illness, impulsivity and psychosocial factors in intentional self harm.
{"title":"Evaluation of Mode and Psychiatric Co-morbidity of Intentional Self Harm: A Hospital Based Study.","authors":"R. Shrestha, Ramakanta Lamichhane, B. Sharma","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.299","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intentional self harm is a potentially self injurious action with a non-fatal outcome for which there is evidence, either explicit or implicit, that the individual intended to kill himself or herself. Suicide is a fatal act of self-injury (self harm) undertaken with more or less conscious self destructive intent. There has been an increase in the number of patients presenting with attempted suicide in the emergency settings of hospitals. This study aimed to explore socio-demographic characteristics, pattern of attempts, psychiatric diagnosis, psychosocial and personality factors among survivors of suicide attempt presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The study included 100 survivors of intentional self harm registered over a period of six months visiting a tertiary care hospital. The cases directly presented to Psychiatry department and were referred from medical and other departments for psychiatric evaluation. They underwent evaluation by consultant psychiatrist and received appropriate interventions. Results: Majority of the victims were female (73%), belonging to the age group of 20-40 years. The most common method of attempt was self poisoning with pesticides (65%) followed by hanging (16%) and overdose of drugs (7%). Most of the attempts (68%) were impulsive in nature. Mental illness was diagnosed in (65%) of the cases, mainly depressive disorder (51%), and personality disorder (10 %). Most of the attempts (67%) were triggered by psycho-social factors. Conclusion: The pattern shows predominance of female gender, young age group, a role of mental illness, impulsivity and psychosocial factors in intentional self harm.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48747320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a Public Health Emergency of international concern. WHO stated that there is a high risk of COVID-19 spreading to countries around the world. In March 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. From December 2019 till today (18 June 2020) the total cases have approached to 8,242,999 with the death of 445,535 and the incidence is increasing day by day. From the first case seen in Wuhan, China the virus has been rapidly spreading to most of the countries of Asia, Europe and America with almost all the world population affected directly by the disease or its consequences. The physical, social, economic, psychological, and mental wellbeing of the world population have been affected with this pandemic in its peak. To control this pandemic, most of the resources and manpower are dedicated to the patients with COVID-19 and the health care workers and volunteers who work in frontline. Governments have implemented lockdown modalities with a hope to reduce the burden of transmission in their countries, which has surpassed more than 2-3 months in most countries. The effect of pandemic, lockdown and social isolation approach have risen concern regarding their consequences to the mental health of the general population.
{"title":"Covid-19 Pandemic and Mental Health Issues","authors":"Aabishkar Bhattarai, B. Karki","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.383","url":null,"abstract":"In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a Public Health Emergency of international concern. WHO stated that there is a high risk of COVID-19 spreading to countries around the world. In March 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. From December 2019 till today (18 June 2020) the total cases have approached to 8,242,999 with the death of 445,535 and the incidence is increasing day by day. From the first case seen in Wuhan, China the virus has been rapidly spreading to most of the countries of Asia, Europe and America with almost all the world population affected directly by the disease or its consequences. The physical, social, economic, psychological, and mental wellbeing of the world population have been affected with this pandemic in its peak. To control this pandemic, most of the resources and manpower are dedicated to the patients with COVID-19 and the health care workers and volunteers who work in frontline. Governments have implemented lockdown modalities with a hope to reduce the burden of transmission in their countries, which has surpassed more than 2-3 months in most countries. The effect of pandemic, lockdown and social isolation approach have risen concern regarding their consequences to the mental health of the general population.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"181-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44127148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our day to day obstetric practice, we face a number of concerns raised by the pregnant women regarding their health. Some of the frequently asked queries include: if they would develop health problems like high blood pressure and/or diabetes; if they would have a normal delivery or would require an intervention in the form of cesarean section or instrumentation, if they would have the birth experience as they envision and if the stress is harmful during the ongoing pregnancy. Every pregnant woman strives her best to give birth to a healthy child. As every pregnancy is a period of uncertainties and risks, pregnant women are anxious about their well-being and that of their baby. The list of concerns is endless with the addition of corona virus disease (COVID-19). If we look back into the past, viral infections such as influenza, H1N1, and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) caused immense maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy. Due to compromised, pregnant women are more vulnerable to being infected. SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain of corona virus that is similar to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). These viruses spread primarily by coughing and sneezing or direct contact. Most patients infected with any one of these three strains of corona virus may remain asymptomatic or may develop relatively mild symptoms such as fever, cough and fatigue. However, some may develop severe forms of the disease leading to pneumonia and respiratory failure; requiring oxygen or other respiratory support. Pregnant women infected with MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV were at high risk of developing severe pneumonia; heart failure and other complications which could be life-threatening leading to death in many cases.
{"title":"COVID-19, Pregnant Women and Their Hard- Wired Worry","authors":"A. Shrestha, S. Aryal, D. Shrestha","doi":"10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22502/JLMC.V8I1.381","url":null,"abstract":"In our day to day obstetric practice, we face a number of concerns raised by the pregnant women regarding their health. Some of the frequently asked queries include: if they would develop health problems like high blood pressure and/or diabetes; if they would have a normal delivery or would require an intervention in the form of cesarean section or instrumentation, if they would have the birth experience as they envision and if the stress is harmful during the ongoing pregnancy. Every pregnant woman strives her best to give birth to a healthy child. As every pregnancy is a period of uncertainties and risks, pregnant women are anxious about their well-being and that of their baby. The list of concerns is endless with the addition of corona virus disease (COVID-19). \u0000If we look back into the past, viral infections such as influenza, H1N1, and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) caused immense maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy. Due to compromised, pregnant women are more vulnerable to being infected. SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain of corona virus that is similar to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). These viruses spread primarily by coughing and sneezing or direct contact. Most patients infected with any one of these three strains of corona virus may remain asymptomatic or may develop relatively mild symptoms such as fever, cough and fatigue. However, some may develop severe forms of the disease leading to pneumonia and respiratory failure; requiring oxygen or other respiratory support. Pregnant women infected with MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV were at high risk of developing severe pneumonia; heart failure and other complications which could be life-threatening leading to death in many cases.","PeriodicalId":16109,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lumbini Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"175-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48669847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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