Journal of long-term effects of medical implants最新文献

Implant therapy is gaining immense importance in people presenting with missing teeth due to its increased life expectancy. There is a high concern regarding the link between obesity and peri-implant diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the peri-implant health parameters among the obese and non-obese South Indian population. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Chennai, India among 859 patients who reported between January 2022-November 2022 and had a minimum of single implant in function for at least 1 year after crown cementation. Among 859 patients, 428 were non-obese (Group A) and 431 were obese (Group B). Patient's data including the menopausal status was recorded. Clinical parameters including peri-implant probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and radiographic parameter including alveolar bone level (ABL) was recorded and compared between both the groups using independent t-test. The mean PPD among non-obese and obese population were 2.58 ± 0.03 and 4.09 ± 0.04, respectively. The mean CAL among non-obese and obese population were 2.87 ± 0.02 and 4.19 ± 0.01, respectively. The mean ABL among non-obese and obese population were 2.06 ± 0.01 and 3.17 ± 0.03, respectively. Independent t-test revealed there was statistically significant difference in PPD (P = 0.04), CAL (P = 0.05) and ABL (P = 0.04). The present study suggests that the obese individuals demonstrated high peri-implant probing depth, clinical attachment loss and alveolar bone loss as compared to non-obese individuals.

One of the standard treatments for spinal diseases is anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). ACDF is a secure and successful operation that prevents patients to improve their pain and function. The mechanical goal of the ACDF is to prevent motion between adjoining vertebrae by a novel cage-screw implant. The objective of this study is to analyze the biomechanical flexibility in terms of the range of motion (ROM) of two-level ACDF fixation using the finite element method (FEM). A CT scan-based FEM model of the cervical spine (C2-C7) is used and two-level cage is implanted at C4-C6 segments. A 50-N compressive force and 1-Nm moment are applied on C2 vertebrae and C7 is fixed in all directions. The ROM at two-level fixation (C4-C5-C6) is reduced by 55 to 88% compared with intact spine during all physiological movement. The ROM slightly increase (3-9%) at the adjacent segment. The maximum von Mises stress variations are 25-65 MPa during flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotations under given loading. The maximum von Mises stress found in cage and screw is below the yield stress during all physiological movement.

The aim of this review was to perform a comprehensive overview of evidence pertaining to the influence of various surface modifications on the surface roughness, bone implant contact, and the success and complication rates of the implants. Modified sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) implants (SLActive implants) have a higher implant stability quotient compared with conventional SLA implants. Also, when compared between the implant surfaces from various manufacturers, Biomet 3i Nanotite implants were shown to have a relatively higher implant stability quotient compared to Straumann implants as well as the Biomet Osseotite implants. Only one study reports the insertion torque values as obtained by the various implant surfaces, with the findings being statistically similar for all the types, and a higher mean value for Biomet 3i Nanotite implants. Among SLA and SLActive surfaces, the latter was found to have a lower marginal bone loss, and among Astratech implants, the marginal bone loss levels were similar for Osseospeed and Tioblast surfaces. When Osseospeed, TiUnite and SLActive surfaces were compared, Osseospeed was found to have the minimum bone loss while TiUnite was found to have the highest. The bone implant contact percentages are similar and satisfactory for most of the implant surface modifications that are available currently. Upon assessing the recent literature on the survival rates for implants with various surface modifications, it was found that among Nobel Biocare implants, the survival rate was higher for TiUnite implants, compared with the turned surfaces. Surprisingly, among the Straumann implant surfaces, the survival rates were found to be higher for the SLA implants when compared to the modified SLA implants. Only one of the included studies evaluated the survival rate for Astratech implant surfaces and found a 100% survival rate for both the Osseospeed and Tioblast surface implants. Therefore, major advancements have been made in developing novel surfaces of dental implants. The numerous innovations set the stage for rehabilitating patients with high success and predictable survival rates even in challenging conditions.

Vestibular dysfunction (VD) is an experience that is shared by nearly 35% of Americans above the age of 40 (nearly 69 million). This percentage increases to 80% when looking at the population of individuals over the age of 80. VD can have tremendously negative health outcomes for patients. Improper vestibular function can result in a loss of balance and patients often cite vertigo as a common symptom, which is often associated with dramatically reduced quality of life. Falls are another common clinically significant outcome of VD and place a huge social and financial burden on the patient and healthcare system. Although the pathophysiology and treatment options for certain vestibular disorders have been well researched, disorders such as bilateral vestibular dysfunction (BVD), have had traditionally ineffective treatment options. That said, novel therapeutics such as vestibular implants (VIs) have been recently tested and showed positive health outcomes for patients with BVD. This review aims to investigate the health outcomes of patients who have received VIs, as well as discuss the limitations and existing treatment options.

Aim: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare, among various implant systems, the influence of primary stability and the bone density and soft tissue biotype of the patient on the amount of peri-implant crestal bone loss after 1 year using radiography.

Materials and methods: Included in this retrospective study were patient records of 3583 implant placements utilized from an online dental information archiving software (DIAS). Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted concurrently with implant placement (baseline) and 1 year post surgery. Statistical analysis was done to examine the mean marginal bone loss significance in the three different implant systems groups (group I: Straumann Roxolid SLAc-tive, group II: Nobel Biocare CC, group III: Straumann SLA), different primary stability values, different bone density. and soft tissue biotype at the time of implant placement.

Results: A significant difference was observed in the crestal bone loss with different implant systems used. Group I showed significantly lesser amounts of crestal bone loss when compared to groups II and III. However, the differences in the bone density, ISQ values, and the soft tissue biotype did not exhibit a statistically significant difference in the amount of crestal bone loss.

Conclusion: Significant MBL preservation for implants with Straumann SLActive when compared to Nobel Biocare CC and Straumann SLA implants. No significant changes were observed with respect to primary stability, bone density, and soft tissue thickness and no correlation among early crestal bone loss and IT, ISQ at surgery, and ISQ at reopening was observed. Straumann Roxolid SLActive implants showed less crestal bone loss probably owing to its hydrophilic surface modification. However, more studies need to be done to evaluate the same.