Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121689
Xuejie Yuan , Guobin Cong , Meijing Deng , Sa Zhang , Shuwen Zheng , Pengfei Liu , Yueyu Peng , Zihan Zhao , Han Zhang , Ying Niu , Qianyan Duan , Bin Zhai , Fuli Zhang
Three novel cationic iridium(III) complexes, [Ir(btp)2(pymi)]PF6 (Ir1), [Ir(tfbtp)2(pymi)]PF6 (Ir2), and [Ir(btq)2(pymi)]PF6 (Ir3), featuring benzothiophene-based cyclometalating ligands and a pyridyl-carbene ancillary ligand, were designed and synthesized. By systematically varying the π-conjugation length and electron-withdrawing substituents on the cyclometalating ligands, we achieved precise tuning of the luminescence properties. In acetonitrile solution, Ir1–Ir3 exhibit intense phosphorescence spanning from yellow to deep-red, with emission maxima at 580, 608, and 639 nm, respectively. Combined photophysical studies and quantum chemical calculations reveal that the emissions predominantly originate from ligand-centered triplet states (3LC π–π*) on the cyclometalating ligands. Furthermore, these complexes serve as excellent luminescent probes for live cell imaging, demonstrating efficient cellular uptake and distinct subcellular localization patterns—from cytoplasmic distribution (Ir1) to lysosomal (Ir2) and membrane-associated (Ir3) targeting. This work underscores the significant potential of pyridyl-carbene based Ir(III) complexes as tunable luminophores for both fundamental photophysical studies and advanced bioimaging applications.
{"title":"Cationic iridium complexes with a pyridyl-carbene ancillary ligand: strategic color tuning and application in live cell imaging","authors":"Xuejie Yuan , Guobin Cong , Meijing Deng , Sa Zhang , Shuwen Zheng , Pengfei Liu , Yueyu Peng , Zihan Zhao , Han Zhang , Ying Niu , Qianyan Duan , Bin Zhai , Fuli Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three novel cationic iridium(III) complexes, [Ir(btp)<sub>2</sub>(pymi)]PF<sub>6</sub> (<strong>Ir1</strong>), [Ir(tfbtp)<sub>2</sub>(pymi)]PF<sub>6</sub> (<strong>Ir2</strong>), and [Ir(btq)<sub>2</sub>(pymi)]PF<sub>6</sub> (<strong>Ir3</strong>), featuring benzothiophene-based cyclometalating ligands and a pyridyl-carbene ancillary ligand, were designed and synthesized. By systematically varying the π-conjugation length and electron-withdrawing substituents on the cyclometalating ligands, we achieved precise tuning of the luminescence properties. In acetonitrile solution, <strong>Ir1–Ir3</strong> exhibit intense phosphorescence spanning from yellow to deep-red, with emission maxima at 580, 608, and 639 nm, respectively. Combined photophysical studies and quantum chemical calculations reveal that the emissions predominantly originate from ligand-centered triplet states (<sup>3</sup>LC π–π*) on the cyclometalating ligands. Furthermore, these complexes serve as excellent luminescent probes for live cell imaging, demonstrating efficient cellular uptake and distinct subcellular localization patterns—from cytoplasmic distribution (<strong>Ir1</strong>) to lysosomal (<strong>Ir2</strong>) and membrane-associated (<strong>Ir3</strong>) targeting. This work underscores the significant potential of pyridyl-carbene based Ir(III) complexes as tunable luminophores for both fundamental photophysical studies and advanced bioimaging applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121678
Zixuan Qian , Xuteng Wu , Lunbin Xia , Jin Wang , Jialong Zhao , Xi Yuan , Xin Bao
Silicon nanodots (SiNDs)-based room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have garnered significant attention due to their facile synthesis, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. However, the development of SiNDs with multi-color long-lived RTP remains a significant challenge, primarily due to the difficulty in regulating the bandgap. In this work, long-lived multicolor RTP was achieved in SiNDs through Zn2+ doping, which effectively reduces the bandgap. The doping of Zn2+ in SiNDs overcomes the limitations imposed by the energy gap law, enabling precise control of the RTP emission color and allowing excitation under UV/blue light. The phosphorescence emission spans from green to orange, and the afterglow signals are clearly visible to the naked eye for 8–14 s. Additionally, the introduction of Zn2+ ions reduces the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST), facilitating efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and significantly enhancing phosphorescence performance. The as-prepared SiNDs were further applied in pattern-based anti-counterfeiting and integrated with Morse code for multiple-level information encryption, highlighting their promising potential in security and data encryption technologies.
{"title":"Achieving long-lived multicolor room-temperature phosphorescence in silicon nanodots through Zn2+ doping for anti-counterfeiting and multiple-level information encryption","authors":"Zixuan Qian , Xuteng Wu , Lunbin Xia , Jin Wang , Jialong Zhao , Xi Yuan , Xin Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon nanodots (SiNDs)-based room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have garnered significant attention due to their facile synthesis, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. However, the development of SiNDs with multi-color long-lived RTP remains a significant challenge, primarily due to the difficulty in regulating the bandgap. In this work, long-lived multicolor RTP was achieved in SiNDs through Zn<sup>2+</sup> doping, which effectively reduces the bandgap. The doping of Zn<sup>2+</sup> in SiNDs overcomes the limitations imposed by the energy gap law, enabling precise control of the RTP emission color and allowing excitation under UV/blue light. The phosphorescence emission spans from green to orange, and the afterglow signals are clearly visible to the naked eye for 8–14 s. Additionally, the introduction of Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions reduces the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔE<sub>ST</sub>), facilitating efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and significantly enhancing phosphorescence performance. The as-prepared SiNDs were further applied in pattern-based anti-counterfeiting and integrated with Morse code for multiple-level information encryption, highlighting their promising potential in security and data encryption technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121685
Xiaodong Zhang , Xiaoman Zhang , Kun Nie , Yuqing Qu , Luoxin Wang , Lefu Mei , Hua Wang , Xiaoxue Ma
Luminescence enhancement has always been a key research topic for luminescent materials. Rare earth (RE) -doped hydroxyapatite (HAP) luminescent materials have been widely applied in the fields of biological probes and target cell markers due to their excellent biocompatibility. However, hydroxyl groups (-OH) in hydroxyapatite luminescent materials significantly weaken their luminous ability. Here, we introduce an Eu3+-doped hydroxyapatite luminescent material that regulates luminescence by introducing Eu3+ during the experiment. The Eu3+-doped hydroxyapatite did not significantly alter the crystal structure of hydroxyapatite, but the hydroxyapatite nanorods became smaller. Eu3+-doped hydroxyapatite has an excellent red glow under ultraviolet (UV) light. In addition, hydroxyapatite and aramid chopped fibers (ACFs)/polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composite fibers were composite to obtain luminescent and stable luminescent fibers. This flexible luminescent fiber paper can maintain stable luminescence in environments such as high and low temperatures. The color temperature (CCT) of the white light emitting diode (LED) prepared based on Eu3+-doped HAP is 6761 K, and the color rendering index (CRI) is 92. This study successfully explores the application of hydroxyapatite in the fields of emergency rescue, anti-counterfeiting, and lighting.
{"title":"Multi-talented luminescent hydroxyapatite nanocrystals toward high-performance fiber fabric and optoelectronic devices","authors":"Xiaodong Zhang , Xiaoman Zhang , Kun Nie , Yuqing Qu , Luoxin Wang , Lefu Mei , Hua Wang , Xiaoxue Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Luminescence enhancement has always been a key research topic for luminescent materials. Rare earth (RE) -doped hydroxyapatite (HAP) luminescent materials have been widely applied in the fields of biological probes and target cell markers due to their excellent biocompatibility. However, hydroxyl groups (-OH) in hydroxyapatite luminescent materials significantly weaken their luminous ability. Here, we introduce an Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped hydroxyapatite luminescent material that regulates luminescence by introducing Eu<sup>3+</sup> during the experiment. The Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped hydroxyapatite did not significantly alter the crystal structure of hydroxyapatite, but the hydroxyapatite nanorods became smaller. Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped hydroxyapatite has an excellent red glow under ultraviolet (UV) light. In addition, hydroxyapatite and aramid chopped fibers (ACFs)/polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composite fibers were composite to obtain luminescent and stable luminescent fibers. This flexible luminescent fiber paper can maintain stable luminescence in environments such as high and low temperatures. The color temperature (CCT) of the white light emitting diode (LED) prepared based on Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped HAP is 6761 K, and the color rendering index (CRI) is 92. This study successfully explores the application of hydroxyapatite in the fields of emergency rescue, anti-counterfeiting, and lighting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121676
Kiran R , Nandini P S , S. Masilla Moses Kennedy , Princy A , M.I. Sayyed , Sudha D. Kamath
Ho3+ doped Ca2MgWO6 phosphors were prepared via the solid-state reaction and systematically investigated to study their structural, optical, and multifunctional properties. XRD and Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of a monoclinic double perovskite phase, while SEM analysis revealed irregularly shaped, micron-sized particles with uniform elemental distribution. Under 454 nm excitation, the phosphors exhibited intense green emission at 546 nm, along with weaker red (653 nm) and near-infrared (757 nm) bands, yielding CIE chromaticity coordinates in the green region with nearly 100 % colour purity. The optimum Ho3+ concentration was identified as 2 mol%, with quenching beyond this point governed by dipole-dipole interactions. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Tauc’s analysis indicated a direct band gap of 3.32 eV, and the Judd-Ofelt analyses revealed the covalent nature and significant distortion around Ho3+ sites. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence revealed a quenching temperature of 398.43 K. Temperature sensing behaviour was analyzed through polynomial fitting, demonstrating maximum relative sensitivities of 0.24 % K−1 and 0.23 % K−1 at 498 K. These results highlight Ca2MgWO6:Ho3+ as a robust candidate for optical thermometry and green LED applications.
{"title":"Multifunctional applications of Ho3+ doped Ca2MgWO6 phosphors: A comprehensive optical, structural, temperature sensing, and Judd-Ofelt analyses","authors":"Kiran R , Nandini P S , S. Masilla Moses Kennedy , Princy A , M.I. Sayyed , Sudha D. Kamath","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ho<sup>3+</sup> doped Ca<sub>2</sub>MgWO<sub>6</sub> phosphors were prepared via the solid-state reaction and systematically investigated to study their structural, optical, and multifunctional properties. XRD and Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of a monoclinic double perovskite phase, while SEM analysis revealed irregularly shaped, micron-sized particles with uniform elemental distribution. Under 454 nm excitation, the phosphors exhibited intense green emission at 546 nm, along with weaker red (653 nm) and near-infrared (757 nm) bands, yielding CIE chromaticity coordinates in the green region with nearly 100 % colour purity. The optimum Ho<sup>3+</sup> concentration was identified as 2 mol%, with quenching beyond this point governed by dipole-dipole interactions. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Tauc’s analysis indicated a direct band gap of 3.32 eV, and the Judd-Ofelt analyses revealed the covalent nature and significant distortion around Ho<sup>3+</sup> sites. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence revealed a quenching temperature of 398.43 K. Temperature sensing behaviour was analyzed through polynomial fitting, demonstrating maximum relative sensitivities of 0.24 % K<sup>−1</sup> and 0.23 % K<sup>−1</sup> at 498 K. These results highlight Ca<sub>2</sub>MgWO<sub>6</sub>:Ho<sup>3+</sup> as a robust candidate for optical thermometry and green LED applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121686
Yaomei Shen , Yujie Liu , Qi Zhu , Guoying Zhao , Zhixin Xu , Panpan Du , Ji-Guang Li , Yongzheng Fang
Layered rare earth hydroxides (LRHs) capable of anion exchange without altering the primary layer structure have garnered significant interest in various chemical domains. Specifically, by manipulating the type and concentration of anions, precise control can be exercised over the morphology, interlayer spacing, and photoluminescent behavior of LRHs. In this study, we successfully synthesized three distinct interlayer compounds. Anions containing various transition metal oxyanions exchanged with NO3− anions in the interlayer region, resulting in reduced or unaltered interlayer spacing. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited additional charge transfer bands (CTB). Under the CTB excitation, a symmetry transition of Eu3+ coordination from 9-fold (C4ᵥ) to 8-fold (C1) and anion exchange with MoO42− and WO42− reduced interlayer spacing (from 0.90 nm to 0.858 nm and 0.794 nm). The symmetry reduction led to the formation of Eu3+ activators with enhanced asymmetry, resulting in an 8.5-fold and 2.5-fold improvement in photoluminescence intensity. Furthermore, enhancement in fluorescence performance after the exchange of vanadate anions with LRH's NO3− can be attributed to the efficient transfer of absorbed energy by the vanadate anions to Eu3+ ions in LRHs, achieved through an antenna effect, ultimately increasing a 30.2-fold photoluminescent efficiency, despite maintaining the unaltered interlayer spacing and the original coordination symmetry. This study showcases the synthesis of high-quality layered compound materials using a hydrothermal approach, opening up new prospects for inserting a broader range of anion species into layered rare earth hydroxides and fabricating high-quality nanosheets.
{"title":"Drastic enhancement of photoluminescence properties from anion-pillared layered Y/Eu hydroxides with oxometallate species","authors":"Yaomei Shen , Yujie Liu , Qi Zhu , Guoying Zhao , Zhixin Xu , Panpan Du , Ji-Guang Li , Yongzheng Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Layered rare earth hydroxides (LRHs) capable of anion exchange without altering the primary layer structure have garnered significant interest in various chemical domains. Specifically, by manipulating the type and concentration of anions, precise control can be exercised over the morphology, interlayer spacing, and photoluminescent behavior of LRHs. In this study, we successfully synthesized three distinct interlayer compounds. Anions containing various transition metal oxyanions exchanged with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> anions in the interlayer region, resulting in reduced or unaltered interlayer spacing. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited additional charge transfer bands (CTB). Under the CTB excitation, a symmetry transition of Eu<sup>3+</sup> coordination from 9-fold (C<sub>4</sub>ᵥ) to 8-fold (C<sub>1</sub>) and anion exchange with MoO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> and WO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> reduced interlayer spacing (from 0.90 nm to 0.858 nm and 0.794 nm). The symmetry reduction led to the formation of Eu<sup>3+</sup> activators with enhanced asymmetry, resulting in an 8.5-fold and 2.5-fold improvement in photoluminescence intensity. Furthermore, enhancement in fluorescence performance after the exchange of vanadate anions with LRH's NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> can be attributed to the efficient transfer of absorbed energy by the vanadate anions to Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions in LRHs, achieved through an antenna effect, ultimately increasing a 30.2-fold photoluminescent efficiency, despite maintaining the unaltered interlayer spacing and the original coordination symmetry. This study showcases the synthesis of high-quality layered compound materials using a hydrothermal approach, opening up new prospects for inserting a broader range of anion species into layered rare earth hydroxides and fabricating high-quality nanosheets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121697
Yiqi Yu , Liming Zhang , Liuzhen Feng , Renfu Li , Zhiwen Ao , Jinmin Zhang , Ying Yang , Jinsheng Liao
Cr3+-doped deep-red phosphors are ideal for plant growth lighting, yet achieving high thermal stability in tungstate hosts remains challenging. This study demonstrates that co-doping Al3+ and Cr3+ into the negative thermal expansion (NTE) material Sc2(WO4)3 effectively strengthens the crystal field, leading to an intensified narrow-band deep-red emission from Cr3+. A series of Sc1.6Al0.4W3O12: Cr3+ deep-red phosphors were successfully synthesized via solid-state reaction. The optimized Sc1.6Al0.4W3O12:0.25 %Cr3+ phosphor exhibits 2E → 4A2 emission of Cr3+ at 696 nm under 406 nm excitation, matching the PFR phytochrome absorption. It retains 61.9 % of its room temperature (RT) luminescence intensity at 423 K, demonstrating superior thermal stability over analogues. The fabricated deep-red pc-LED, with its emission peak perfectly aligned with PFR, confirms its potential for plant growth lighting.
{"title":"Synthesis and luminescence properties of deep-red-emitting Sc1.6Al0.4W3O12: Cr3+ phosphor for plant growth lighting","authors":"Yiqi Yu , Liming Zhang , Liuzhen Feng , Renfu Li , Zhiwen Ao , Jinmin Zhang , Ying Yang , Jinsheng Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cr<sup>3+</sup>-doped deep-red phosphors are ideal for plant growth lighting, yet achieving high thermal stability in tungstate hosts remains challenging. This study demonstrates that co-doping Al<sup>3+</sup> and Cr<sup>3+</sup> into the negative thermal expansion (NTE) material Sc<sub>2</sub>(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> effectively strengthens the crystal field, leading to an intensified narrow-band deep-red emission from Cr<sup>3+</sup>. A series of Sc<sub>1.6</sub>Al<sub>0.4</sub>W<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>: Cr<sup>3+</sup> deep-red phosphors were successfully synthesized via solid-state reaction. The optimized Sc<sub>1.6</sub>Al<sub>0.4</sub>W<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:0.25 %Cr<sup>3+</sup> phosphor exhibits <sup>2</sup>E → <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub> emission of Cr<sup>3+</sup> at 696 nm under 406 nm excitation, matching the P<sub>FR</sub> phytochrome absorption. It retains 61.9 % of its room temperature (RT) luminescence intensity at 423 K, demonstrating superior thermal stability over analogues. The fabricated deep-red pc-LED, with its emission peak perfectly aligned with P<sub>FR</sub>, confirms its potential for plant growth lighting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121698
Zebin Wang , Guyot Yannick , Chong Xu , Jian Liu , Xiaodong Xu , Kheirreddine Lebbou , Jun Xu
Nd:LuxY3-xAl5O12 (x = 0, 1, 1.5, 2, 3) crystal fibers doped with 0.2 at.% Nd3+ were successfully grown using the laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) method. The effects of the Lu3+/Y3+ ratio on the structural, absorption, and emission properties were systematically studied. Absorption spectra show that Nd:LuxY3-xAl5O12 (Nd:LuYAG) crystal fibers combine the high absorption cross section of Nd:YAG and the broad absorption bandwidth of Nd:LuAG. Judd-Ofelt analysis was employed to evaluate the optical transition parameters. Under 808 nm excitation, the fluorescence lifetime of the 4F3/2 level gradually decreased with increasing Lu3+ content. These results indicate that adjusting the Lu3+/Y3+ ratio in Nd:LuYAG crystal fibers allows optimization for high-performance laser applications, presenting a potential alternative to conventional Nd:YAG gain media.
{"title":"Spectroscopic properties of LHPG-grown Nd:LuxY3-xAl5O12 single crystal fibers","authors":"Zebin Wang , Guyot Yannick , Chong Xu , Jian Liu , Xiaodong Xu , Kheirreddine Lebbou , Jun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nd:Lu<sub>x</sub>Y<sub>3-x</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (x = 0, 1, 1.5, 2, 3) crystal fibers doped with 0.2 at.% Nd<sup>3+</sup> were successfully grown using the laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) method. The effects of the Lu<sup>3+</sup>/Y<sup>3+</sup> ratio on the structural, absorption, and emission properties were systematically studied. Absorption spectra show that Nd:Lu<sub>x</sub>Y<sub>3-x</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (Nd:LuYAG) crystal fibers combine the high absorption cross section of Nd:YAG and the broad absorption bandwidth of Nd:LuAG. Judd-Ofelt analysis was employed to evaluate the optical transition parameters. Under 808 nm excitation, the fluorescence lifetime of the <sup>4</sup>F<sub>3/2</sub> level gradually decreased with increasing Lu<sup>3+</sup> content. These results indicate that adjusting the Lu<sup>3+</sup>/Y<sup>3+</sup> ratio in Nd:LuYAG crystal fibers allows optimization for high-performance laser applications, presenting a potential alternative to conventional Nd:YAG gain media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121698"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121690
José A. Jiménez , Luiz G. Jacobsohn
Melt-quenched phosphate glasses prepared with fixed Tb3+ content alongside SnO added up to 5.0 mol% were characterized by density and optical absorption measurements, and radioluminescence (RL) evaluated under continuous X-ray excitation including at high temperatures. The densities exhibited some variations which were suggested to be influenced by the Sn4+ concentration leading to more compact phases. The optical absorption spectra were consistent with Tb3+ occurring similarly in the glasses. Comparison of the RL spectra at room temperature showed the most intense emission was obtained for the Tb-doped glass prepared with the highest SnO content supporting a key role from Sn2+ → Tb3+ energy transfer. An enhancement of the peak intensity of 2.5 × was observed, endorsing codoping with Sn2+ as an effective strategy to enhance the scintillator behavior of Tb3+-containing glasses. The temperature dependence of the scintillation spectra showed minimal variations for the tin-free Tb-doped reference, whereas the tin-containing glasses exhibited distinct intensity enhancements with temperature followed by quenching which depended on the SnO content.
{"title":"Scintillation properties of Tb3+ and Sn2+ co-doped phosphate glasses","authors":"José A. Jiménez , Luiz G. Jacobsohn","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melt-quenched phosphate glasses prepared with fixed Tb<sup>3+</sup> content alongside SnO added up to 5.0 mol% were characterized by density and optical absorption measurements, and radioluminescence (RL) evaluated under continuous X-ray excitation including at high temperatures. The densities exhibited some variations which were suggested to be influenced by the Sn<sup>4+</sup> concentration leading to more compact phases. The optical absorption spectra were consistent with Tb<sup>3+</sup> occurring similarly in the glasses. Comparison of the RL spectra at room temperature showed the most intense emission was obtained for the Tb-doped glass prepared with the highest SnO content supporting a key role from Sn<sup>2+</sup> → Tb<sup>3+</sup> energy transfer. An enhancement of the peak intensity of 2.5 × was observed, endorsing codoping with Sn<sup>2+</sup> as an effective strategy to enhance the scintillator behavior of Tb<sup>3+</sup>-containing glasses. The temperature dependence of the scintillation spectra showed minimal variations for the tin-free Tb-doped reference, whereas the tin-containing glasses exhibited distinct intensity enhancements with temperature followed by quenching which depended on the SnO content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121692
Albert S. Reyna , João L. Passos , Jefferson M.B. Lima , Agabo P. Magalhães , Daniel K. Kumada , Rafael A. de Oliveira , Weliton S. Martins , Luciana R.P. Kassab
We report the development of an optical thermometer based on the infrared-to-visible upconversion luminescence of Er3+–Yb3+ co-doped Bi2O3-GeO2 (BGO) glasses containing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), under 980 nm excitation. The synergistic combination of Yb3+-to-Er3+ energy transfer and the plasmon-induced modification of the local optical environment leads to a strong increase in the green upconversion emission. Temperature-dependent measurements demonstrate that Ag-NPs not only compensate thermal quenching but also enhance the absolute thermometric sensitivity by up to ∼52 %, far surpassing previous reports. In contrast, the relative sensitivity remains constant for all samples, confirming its exclusive dependence on the Boltzmann distribution and ensuring calibration stability. Our results highlight the dual role of Yb3+ co-doping and plasmonic engineering in enabling highly efficient and tunable ratiometric thermometry over the 300–400 K range. Overall, Ag-NPs engineered BGO glasses emerge as versatile and high-performance platforms for remote optical temperature sensing in thermally dynamic environments.
{"title":"Plasmon-assisted upconversion thermometry in Er3+–Yb3+ co-doped Bi2O3-GeO2 glasses containing silver nanoparticles","authors":"Albert S. Reyna , João L. Passos , Jefferson M.B. Lima , Agabo P. Magalhães , Daniel K. Kumada , Rafael A. de Oliveira , Weliton S. Martins , Luciana R.P. Kassab","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the development of an optical thermometer based on the infrared-to-visible upconversion luminescence of Er<sup>3+</sup>–Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-GeO<sub>2</sub> (BGO) glasses containing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), under 980 nm excitation. The synergistic combination of Yb<sup>3+</sup>-to-Er<sup>3+</sup> energy transfer and the plasmon-induced modification of the local optical environment leads to a strong increase in the green upconversion emission. Temperature-dependent measurements demonstrate that Ag-NPs not only compensate thermal quenching but also enhance the absolute thermometric sensitivity by up to ∼52 %, far surpassing previous reports. In contrast, the relative sensitivity remains constant for all samples, confirming its exclusive dependence on the Boltzmann distribution and ensuring calibration stability. Our results highlight the dual role of Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doping and plasmonic engineering in enabling highly efficient and tunable ratiometric thermometry over the 300–400 K range. Overall, Ag-NPs engineered BGO glasses emerge as versatile and high-performance platforms for remote optical temperature sensing in thermally dynamic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121692"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121696
Zhenxiang Ye , Xiaoting Chen , Zhen Yan , Xingyu Long , Huihui Cao , Lizhen Zhang , Lehui Liu , Yisheng Huang , Feifei Yuan , Zhoubin Lin , Hengyu Zhao
In this article, a series of DyxGd2-xSrAl2O7 (x = 0.01–0.2) polycrystalline samples were synthesized to determine the optimal Dy3+ concentration for single-crystal growth. Subsequently, a Dy:Gd2SrAl2O7 (Dy:GSAO) single crystal with Dy3+ concentration of 3.43 at.% was successfully grown using the Czochralski method. Its thermal and spectral properties were characterized. The crystal possesses low thermal expansion anisotropy (αc/αa = 1.5) and favorable thermal conductivity (4.7 W/(m·K) along the a-axis, 5.4 W/(m·K) along the c-axis), comparable to that of the YVO4 crystal (5.1 W/(m·K) along the a axis, 5.23 W/(m·K) along the c axis). Optically, the strong and broad absorption peak centered at 453 nm shows excellent spectral overlap with commercial InGaN-based blue laser diodes, enabling efficient pumping. At 453 nm, the absorption cross-sections are 2.31 × 10−21 cm2 with a FWHM of 4.74 nm for the π-polarization, and 1.31 × 10−21 cm2 with a FWHM of 5.28 nm for the σ-polarization. For the yellow emission at 582 nm, the emission cross-section are 1.81 × 10−21 cm2 (σ-polarization) and 1.50 × 10−21 cm2 (π-polarization), with FWHMs of 16.70 nm and 10.14 nm, respectively. The fluorescence lifetime of the 4F9/2 level is 198 μs. These results underscore the significant potential of the Dy:GSAO crystal as a gain medium for yellow lasers.
{"title":"Dy3+-doped Gd2SrAl2O7 crystal: A promising yellow laser material","authors":"Zhenxiang Ye , Xiaoting Chen , Zhen Yan , Xingyu Long , Huihui Cao , Lizhen Zhang , Lehui Liu , Yisheng Huang , Feifei Yuan , Zhoubin Lin , Hengyu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, a series of Dy<sub>x</sub>Gd<sub>2-x</sub>SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (x = 0.01–0.2) polycrystalline samples were synthesized to determine the optimal Dy<sup>3+</sup> concentration for single-crystal growth. Subsequently, a Dy:Gd<sub>2</sub>SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (Dy:GSAO) single crystal with Dy<sup>3+</sup> concentration of 3.43 at.% was successfully grown using the Czochralski method. Its thermal and spectral properties were characterized. The crystal possesses low thermal expansion anisotropy (α<sub><em>c</em></sub>/α<sub><em>a</em></sub> = 1.5) and favorable thermal conductivity (4.7 W/(m·K) along the a-axis, 5.4 W/(m·K) along the c-axis), comparable to that of the YVO<sub>4</sub> crystal (5.1 W/(m·K) along the a axis, 5.23 W/(m·K) along the c axis). Optically, the strong and broad absorption peak centered at 453 nm shows excellent spectral overlap with commercial InGaN-based blue laser diodes, enabling efficient pumping. At 453 nm, the absorption cross-sections are 2.31 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> with a FWHM of 4.74 nm for the π-polarization, and 1.31 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> with a FWHM of 5.28 nm for the σ-polarization. For the yellow emission at 582 nm, the emission cross-section are 1.81 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> (σ-polarization) and 1.50 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> (π-polarization), with FWHMs of 16.70 nm and 10.14 nm, respectively. The fluorescence lifetime of the <sup>4</sup>F<sub>9/2</sub> level is 198 μs. These results underscore the significant potential of the Dy:GSAO crystal as a gain medium for yellow lasers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 121696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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