Pub Date : 2008-01-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.8.71
H. Morisaki
Bacteria in natural environments are mostly in an attached state . The surface characteristics of bacterial cells greatly affect cell attachment and hence bacterial ecology . Under normal conditions, bacterial cell surfaces are negatively charged. It was revealed that slower growing strains are less negatively charged and more hydrophobic at their cell surfaces . Bacterial cells carry various polymers on their surfaces. The polymer layers on bacterial cells reduce surface electric potential , resulting in a low energy barrier between bacterial cells and substratum surface of both negatively charged . Some experimental results for cell attachment force are shown as well as the effect of interfaces on bacterial activities.
{"title":"Microbes in Natural Environments-Their Surface Characteristics and Interaction with Interfaces-","authors":"H. Morisaki","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.8.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.8.71","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria in natural environments are mostly in an attached state . The surface characteristics of bacterial cells greatly affect cell attachment and hence bacterial ecology . Under normal conditions, bacterial cell surfaces are negatively charged. It was revealed that slower growing strains are less negatively charged and more hydrophobic at their cell surfaces . Bacterial cells carry various polymers on their surfaces. The polymer layers on bacterial cells reduce surface electric potential , resulting in a low energy barrier between bacterial cells and substratum surface of both negatively charged . Some experimental results for cell attachment force are shown as well as the effect of interfaces on bacterial activities.","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"76 1","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73209884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differentiated Green Chemistry Products by LCA","authors":"M. Shibata, Y. Kaji","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.7.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.7.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"43 1","pages":"5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81606949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.7.51
T. Ide
This review describes physiological activities of sesame lignans and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in affecting lipid metabolism. The sesamin preparation containing equivalent amounts of sesamin and episesamin, and fish oil synergistically increased hepatic activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation in rats. Analyses of mRNA levels revealed that a diet containing sesamin and fish oil increased the gene expression of various peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation enzymes in a synergistic manner. Fish oil at a dietary level as low as 1.5% causes maximal synergistic changes in gene expression of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation enzymes. Episesamin and sesamolin compared to sesamin more profoundly increased hepatic activity and mRNA levels of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes in rats. Differences in bio-availability may contribute to the divergent effects of these lignans on hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Dietary CLA greatly decreased adipose tissue weight, but increased triacylglycerol level and the activity and mRNA levels of lipogenic enzymes in the liver. Fish oil added to CLA-containing diets dose-dependently decreased parameters of lipogenesis and the triacylglycerol level in the liver. The supplementation of CLA-containing diets with fish oil was also associated with an increase in fat pad mass. Also, hyperinsulinemia evoked by CLA was ameliorated with fish oil. Apparently, many of the physiological effects of CLA can be reversed by fish oil.
{"title":"Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Dietary Factors","authors":"T. Ide","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.7.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.7.51","url":null,"abstract":"This review describes physiological activities of sesame lignans and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in affecting lipid metabolism. The sesamin preparation containing equivalent amounts of sesamin and episesamin, and fish oil synergistically increased hepatic activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation in rats. Analyses of mRNA levels revealed that a diet containing sesamin and fish oil increased the gene expression of various peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation enzymes in a synergistic manner. Fish oil at a dietary level as low as 1.5% causes maximal synergistic changes in gene expression of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation enzymes. Episesamin and sesamolin compared to sesamin more profoundly increased hepatic activity and mRNA levels of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes in rats. Differences in bio-availability may contribute to the divergent effects of these lignans on hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Dietary CLA greatly decreased adipose tissue weight, but increased triacylglycerol level and the activity and mRNA levels of lipogenic enzymes in the liver. Fish oil added to CLA-containing diets dose-dependently decreased parameters of lipogenesis and the triacylglycerol level in the liver. The supplementation of CLA-containing diets with fish oil was also associated with an increase in fat pad mass. Also, hyperinsulinemia evoked by CLA was ameliorated with fish oil. Apparently, many of the physiological effects of CLA can be reversed by fish oil.","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"41 6 1","pages":"51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86497987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.6.15
Reiji Miyahara, K. Abe
Alkaline and alkaline-earth metals and triethanolamine are used as counter-ions of fatty acid soaps. Basic amino acids such as lysine and arginine have also come to be used in recent years . It is well known that fatty acid salts each have distinctive properties . However, until the present, compounds used as counter-ions of fatty acid have all been alkaline. In this study, examination was made of the effects of amphoteric compounds such as N-methyltaurine on sodium laurate by using 13C-NMR spectra and phase diagrams. As the result , it is suggested that N-methyltaurine is adsorbed by carboxyl groups in lauric acid as counter-ions . It was also found that quantities of free lauric acid become separated from sodium N-methyltaurate laurate soap solution at higher temperature or lower concen tration. The surface tension and the interfacial tension between water and oils of sodium N-methyltau rate laurate solution were low in comparison with those of sodium laurate solution . The C.M.C. of sodium N-methyltaurate laurate exceeded that of sodium laurate . The properties of sodium N-methyltaurate laurate thus differ from those of sodium laurate . Sodium N-methyltaurate laurate as a detergent was compared with other laurate soaps . It turned out that less calcium laurate formed with calcium ions in hard water adsorbed to skin when washing by sodium N-methyltaurate laurate solution com pared to other lauric acid soap solutions. This suggests that sodium N-methyltaurate laurate should less likely to lead to skin stiffness so that less calcium laurate adsorbs on to skin .
{"title":"Properties of Fatty Acid Soap with Sodium N-Methyltaurine as a Counter-ion","authors":"Reiji Miyahara, K. Abe","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.6.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.6.15","url":null,"abstract":"Alkaline and alkaline-earth metals and triethanolamine are used as counter-ions of fatty acid soaps. Basic amino acids such as lysine and arginine have also come to be used in recent years . It is well known that fatty acid salts each have distinctive properties . However, until the present, compounds used as counter-ions of fatty acid have all been alkaline. In this study, examination was made of the effects of amphoteric compounds such as N-methyltaurine on sodium laurate by using 13C-NMR spectra and phase diagrams. As the result , it is suggested that N-methyltaurine is adsorbed by carboxyl groups in lauric acid as counter-ions . It was also found that quantities of free lauric acid become separated from sodium N-methyltaurate laurate soap solution at higher temperature or lower concen tration. The surface tension and the interfacial tension between water and oils of sodium N-methyltau rate laurate solution were low in comparison with those of sodium laurate solution . The C.M.C. of sodium N-methyltaurate laurate exceeded that of sodium laurate . The properties of sodium N-methyltaurate laurate thus differ from those of sodium laurate . Sodium N-methyltaurate laurate as a detergent was compared with other laurate soaps . It turned out that less calcium laurate formed with calcium ions in hard water adsorbed to skin when washing by sodium N-methyltaurate laurate solution com pared to other lauric acid soap solutions. This suggests that sodium N-methyltaurate laurate should less likely to lead to skin stiffness so that less calcium laurate adsorbs on to skin .","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"85 16","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91454955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.6.139
J. Imagi
{"title":"New Technical Development Trend of Oil-and-Fats Refining","authors":"J. Imagi","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.6.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.6.139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"139-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81865777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.5.335
S. Yusa, Y. Morishima
Amphiphilic polyelectrolytes or hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes undergo hydrophobically driven self-association in aqueous media toform , in some cases, well-defined spatial structures on a nanometer scale (nanostructures). This depends strongly on their macromolecular architectures. This review is concerned with recent advances in the studies of amphiphilic block and random polyelectrolytes, including fundamental aspects of the self-association of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes. Extensive studies by a large number of research groups haveso far yielded a good deal of progress in the fundamental understanding of underlying structure-property relationships in the self-association of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes in aqueous media. This review particularly focuses on solution properties of some amphiphilic polyelectrolytes that exhibit stimuli-responsiveness , which may find applications in various commercial products.
{"title":"Association Structures of Amphiphilic Polyelectrolytes and Their Solution Properties","authors":"S. Yusa, Y. Morishima","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.5.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.5.335","url":null,"abstract":"Amphiphilic polyelectrolytes or hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes undergo hydrophobically driven self-association in aqueous media toform , in some cases, well-defined spatial structures on a nanometer scale (nanostructures). This depends strongly on their macromolecular architectures. This review is concerned with recent advances in the studies of amphiphilic block and random polyelectrolytes, including fundamental aspects of the self-association of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes. Extensive studies by a large number of research groups haveso far yielded a good deal of progress in the fundamental understanding of underlying structure-property relationships in the self-association of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes in aqueous media. This review particularly focuses on solution properties of some amphiphilic polyelectrolytes that exhibit stimuli-responsiveness , which may find applications in various commercial products.","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"186 1","pages":"335-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75727529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.5.119
N. Nagatani
W/O emulsions are suitable for cosmetic foundations, as they are excellent in water repellency. In particular when silicone oils are used for the oil a feeling of W/O emulsions is good. In order to obtain the structure condition as W/O type surfactants to prepare stable W/O silicone emulsions, glycerylether derivatives with silicone chains were focused on. And stable low-viscosity W/O emulsions were prepared by using the most suitable glycerylether modified silicone. And the addition of ethanol to W/O silicone emulsion gives good feeling but makes emulsion stability worse seriously. In this report, I introduced that the W/O silicone emulsion which contained ethanol was stabilized by the amphiphilic polymer (OXP-SI). The emulsion obtained from the region of the particular silicone / ethanol ratio in which the polymer was dissolved extending was stable and had elastic properties. In this paper stabilization mechanisms and the application example for cosmetic foundations are discribed.
{"title":"Development of Silicone W/O Emulsions and Application to Cosmetic Foundations","authors":"N. Nagatani","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.5.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.5.119","url":null,"abstract":"W/O emulsions are suitable for cosmetic foundations, as they are excellent in water repellency. In particular when silicone oils are used for the oil a feeling of W/O emulsions is good. In order to obtain the structure condition as W/O type surfactants to prepare stable W/O silicone emulsions, glycerylether derivatives with silicone chains were focused on. And stable low-viscosity W/O emulsions were prepared by using the most suitable glycerylether modified silicone. And the addition of ethanol to W/O silicone emulsion gives good feeling but makes emulsion stability worse seriously. In this report, I introduced that the W/O silicone emulsion which contained ethanol was stabilized by the amphiphilic polymer (OXP-SI). The emulsion obtained from the region of the particular silicone / ethanol ratio in which the polymer was dissolved extending was stable and had elastic properties. In this paper stabilization mechanisms and the application example for cosmetic foundations are discribed.","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87706942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-03-01DOI: 10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.4.91
Y. Sakai, Masashi Suzuki
{"title":"Property of Emulsion Used High Polar Oil and Application of It to Cosmetic","authors":"Y. Sakai, Masashi Suzuki","doi":"10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5650/OLEOSCIENCE.4.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90846130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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