Rare earth (RE) elements have been successfully utilized in solid-state hydrogen storage as hydrogen-absorbing elements with excellent hydrogen storage properties in terms of safety and efficiency. RE-Mg-based hydrogen storage materials with high magnesium content are considered to be one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials for application due to their high mass/volume hydrogen storage density, moderate required hydrogen pressure, good reversibility, non-toxicity, and harmlessness. Furthermore, RE-Mg-based materials with low magnesium content and superlattice structure show great potential for application in the field of solid-state hydrogen storage. They are also widely used as anode materials for nickel-metal hydride batteries. In this paper, we comprehensively summarized and evaluated the organization and hydrogen storage properties of different RE-Mg system alloys (Mg-RE, Mg-RE-TM (TM=transition metals), and superlattice-type RE-Mg-TM) and the catalytic effect and mechanisms of catalysts on RE-Mg system alloys. The interactions between the types of RE elements, the contents of RE elements, the crystal structures, and the catalysts with the microstructure morphology and hydrogen storage properties of RE-Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys were established. The intrinsic mechanisms between microstructure morphology, phase structure, phase composition, and hydrogen storage properties of alloys with different RE-Mg-based systems were elucidated. By comparing the differences and characteristics between the organizational structures and hydrogen storage properties of different RE-Mg systems, a feasible idea and solution for the rational design and development of RE-Mg-based alloys with high hydrogen storage capacity, low cost, and fast hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics was proposed.
{"title":"An overview of RE-Mg-based alloys for hydrogen storage: Structure, properties, progresses and perspectives","authors":"Dongsheng Zhou, Chunling Zheng, Yanghuan Zhang, Hanfeng Sun, Peng Sheng, Xin Zhang, Jun Li, Shihai Guo, Dongliang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.020","url":null,"abstract":"Rare earth (RE) elements have been successfully utilized in solid-state hydrogen storage as hydrogen-absorbing elements with excellent hydrogen storage properties in terms of safety and efficiency. RE-Mg-based hydrogen storage materials with high magnesium content are considered to be one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials for application due to their high mass/volume hydrogen storage density, moderate required hydrogen pressure, good reversibility, non-toxicity, and harmlessness. Furthermore, RE-Mg-based materials with low magnesium content and superlattice structure show great potential for application in the field of solid-state hydrogen storage. They are also widely used as anode materials for nickel-metal hydride batteries. In this paper, we comprehensively summarized and evaluated the organization and hydrogen storage properties of different RE-Mg system alloys (Mg-RE, Mg-RE-TM (TM=transition metals), and superlattice-type RE-Mg-TM) and the catalytic effect and mechanisms of catalysts on RE-Mg system alloys. The interactions between the types of RE elements, the contents of RE elements, the crystal structures, and the catalysts with the microstructure morphology and hydrogen storage properties of RE-Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys were established. The intrinsic mechanisms between microstructure morphology, phase structure, phase composition, and hydrogen storage properties of alloys with different RE-Mg-based systems were elucidated. By comparing the differences and characteristics between the organizational structures and hydrogen storage properties of different RE-Mg systems, a feasible idea and solution for the rational design and development of RE-Mg-based alloys with high hydrogen storage capacity, low cost, and fast hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics was proposed.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.013
Z.L. Li, J. Wang, S.L. Yi, X.G. Song, J.H. Fu, Y. Shi, J.C. Feng
Recently, the presentation of the metal-ceramic composite structure design provides an alternative idea for the improvement of components service performance, while conventional methods for joining metals and ceramics have to involve a high heat input. However, due to the low melting point of magnesium alloys, the magnesium alloys-ceramics joining system necessitates a low joining temperature. Ultrasonic vibrations can induce numerous defects in the solid matrix, which can effectively promote atomic diffusion and metallurgical bonding between solid-phase interfaces at low temperatures. Thus, ultrasonic-assisted bonding is a highly promising method for achieving rapid and reliable joining between metals and ceramics without the use of interlayers. In this study, the direct bonding of AZ31B alloy with ZrO2 ceramic was successfully achieved at 200 °C. A polycrystal spinel MgAl2O4 with an average thickness of 55 nm was identified at the AZ31B/ZrO2 interface. The average shear strength of joints reached 30.47 MPa. Furthermore, the dynamic recrystallization of AZ31B and the oxygen-depletion behavior of ZrO2 during the bonding process were characterized to illustrate the contribution of ultrasonic vibration to joint bonding. Consequently, the solid interfacial sono-oxidation reaction is proposed to discuss the bonding mechanism of the joint in detail.
{"title":"Direct bonding of AZ31B and ZrO2 induced by interfacial sono-oxidation reaction at a low temperature","authors":"Z.L. Li, J. Wang, S.L. Yi, X.G. Song, J.H. Fu, Y. Shi, J.C. Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the presentation of the metal-ceramic composite structure design provides an alternative idea for the improvement of components service performance, while conventional methods for joining metals and ceramics have to involve a high heat input. However, due to the low melting point of magnesium alloys, the magnesium alloys-ceramics joining system necessitates a low joining temperature. Ultrasonic vibrations can induce numerous defects in the solid matrix, which can effectively promote atomic diffusion and metallurgical bonding between solid-phase interfaces at low temperatures. Thus, ultrasonic-assisted bonding is a highly promising method for achieving rapid and reliable joining between metals and ceramics without the use of interlayers. In this study, the direct bonding of AZ31B alloy with ZrO<sub>2</sub> ceramic was successfully achieved at 200 °C. A polycrystal spinel MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with an average thickness of 55 nm was identified at the AZ31B/ZrO<sub>2</sub> interface. The average shear strength of joints reached 30.47 MPa. Furthermore, the dynamic recrystallization of AZ31B and the oxygen-depletion behavior of ZrO<sub>2</sub> during the bonding process were characterized to illustrate the contribution of ultrasonic vibration to joint bonding. Consequently, the solid interfacial sono-oxidation reaction is proposed to discuss the bonding mechanism of the joint in detail.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.018
Cheng Chang, Guangrui Yao, Sophie C. Cox, Xiaofeng Zhang, Liyuan Sheng, Min Liu, Weili Cheng, Yang Lu, Xingchen Yan
To clarify the densification behavior, deformation response and strengthening mechanisms of selective laser melted (SLM) Mg-RE alloys, this study systematically investigates a representative WE43 alloy via advanced material characterization techniques. A suitable laser output mode fell into the transition mode, allowing for the fabrication of nearly full-density samples (porosity = 0.85 ± 0.021 %) with favorable mechanical properties (yield strength=351 MPa, ultimate tensile strength = 417 MPa, the elongation at break = 6.5 % and microhardness = 137.9 ± 6.15 HV<sub>0.1</sub>) using optimal processing parameters (<em>P</em> = 80 W, <em>v</em> = 250 mm/s and <em>d</em> = 50 µm). Viscoplastic self-consistent analysis and transmission electron microscopy observations reveal that the plastic deformation response of the SLM Mg-RE alloys is primarily driven by basal <<em>a</em>> and prismatic <<em>a</em>> slips. Starting from a random texture before deformation (maximum multiple of ultimate density, Max. MUD = 3.95), plastic stretching led the grains to align with the Z-axis, finally resulting in a {0001}<<span><span style=""></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow is="true"><mn is="true">10</mn><mover accent="true" is="true"><mn is="true">1</mn><mo is="true">¯</mo></mover><mn is="true">0</mn></mrow></math>' role="presentation" style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;" tabindex="0"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="2.202ex" role="img" style="vertical-align: -0.235ex;" viewbox="0 -846.5 2072 947.9" width="4.812ex" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g is="true"><g is="true"><use xlink:href="#MJMAIN-31"></use><use x="500" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-30" y="0"></use></g><g is="true" transform="translate(1001,0)"><g is="true" transform="translate(35,0)"><use xlink:href="#MJMAIN-31"></use></g><g is="true" transform="translate(0,198)"><use x="-70" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-AF" y="0"></use><use x="70" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-AF" y="0"></use></g></g><g is="true" transform="translate(1571,0)"><use xlink:href="#MJMAIN-30"></use></g></g></g></svg><span role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow is="true"><mn is="true">10</mn><mover accent="true" is="true"><mn is="true">1</mn><mo is="true">¯</mo></mover><mn is="true">0</mn></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/mml"><math><mrow is="true"><mn is="true">10</mn><mover accent="true" is="true"><mn is="true">1</mn><mo is="true">¯</mo></mover><mn is="true">0</mn></mrow></math></script></span>> texture orientation after fracture (Max. MUD = 8.755). Main phases of the SLM state are mainly composed of α-Mg, Mg<sub>24</sub>Y<sub>5</sub> and β’-Mg<sub>41</sub>Nd<sub>5</sub>, with an average grain size of only 4.27
为了阐明选择性激光熔化（SLM） Mg-RE合金的致密化行为、变形响应和强化机制，本研究采用先进的材料表征技术系统地研究了一种具有代表性的WE43合金。合适的激光输出模式为过渡模式，在最佳工艺参数（P = 80 W, v = 250 mm/s, d = 50µm）下，可以制备出具有良好力学性能（屈服强度=351 MPa，极限抗拉强度= 417 MPa，断裂伸长率= 6.5%，显微硬度= 137.9±6.15 HV0.1）的近全密度样品（孔隙率= 0.85±0.021%）。粘塑性自一致分析和透射电镜观察表明，SLM Mg-RE合金的塑性变形响应主要由基底<；a>；棱镜<； >；滑倒。从变形前的随机纹理开始(最终密度的最大倍数，Max。MUD = 3.95)，塑性拉伸使晶粒与z轴对齐，最终得到{0001}<；101¯0101¯0>；断裂后的织构取向(Max。泥浆= 8.755)。SLM态的主要相主要由α-Mg、Mg24Y5和β′-Mg41Nd5组成，平均晶粒尺寸仅为4.27µm（约为挤压态的1 / 4），具有良好的强韧性比。除了晶界附近的纳米β′相和半相干Mg24Y5相（错配率为16.12%）外，少量的纳米zro2和Y2O3颗粒也起到了弥散强化的作用。SLM态的高力学性能主要由析出硬化（44.41%）、固溶强化（34.06%）和晶界强化（21.53%）引起，其中析出硬化主要由位错强化（67.77%）驱动。高性能SLM Mg-RE合金部件在TCT Asia 2024上进行了展示，受到了广泛关注。这项工作强调了SLM Mg-RE合金的巨大应用潜力，并为推进其在生物医学领域的应用奠定了坚实的基础。
{"title":"From macro-, through meso- to micro-scale: Densification behavior, deformation response and microstructural evolution of selective laser melted Mg-RE alloy","authors":"Cheng Chang, Guangrui Yao, Sophie C. Cox, Xiaofeng Zhang, Liyuan Sheng, Min Liu, Weili Cheng, Yang Lu, Xingchen Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"To clarify the densification behavior, deformation response and strengthening mechanisms of selective laser melted (SLM) Mg-RE alloys, this study systematically investigates a representative WE43 alloy via advanced material characterization techniques. A suitable laser output mode fell into the transition mode, allowing for the fabrication of nearly full-density samples (porosity = 0.85 ± 0.021 %) with favorable mechanical properties (yield strength=351 MPa, ultimate tensile strength = 417 MPa, the elongation at break = 6.5 % and microhardness = 137.9 ± 6.15 HV<sub>0.1</sub>) using optimal processing parameters (<em>P</em> = 80 W, <em>v</em> = 250 mm/s and <em>d</em> = 50 µm). Viscoplastic self-consistent analysis and transmission electron microscopy observations reveal that the plastic deformation response of the SLM Mg-RE alloys is primarily driven by basal <<em>a</em>> and prismatic <<em>a</em>> slips. Starting from a random texture before deformation (maximum multiple of ultimate density, Max. MUD = 3.95), plastic stretching led the grains to align with the Z-axis, finally resulting in a {0001}<<span><span style=\"\"></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">10</mn><mover accent=\"true\" is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">1</mn><mo is=\"true\">&#xAF;</mo></mover><mn is=\"true\">0</mn></mrow></math>' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"2.202ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.235ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -846.5 2072 947.9\" width=\"4.812ex\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"><g is=\"true\"><g is=\"true\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-31\"></use><use x=\"500\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-30\" y=\"0\"></use></g><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(1001,0)\"><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(35,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-31\"></use></g><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(0,198)\"><use x=\"-70\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-AF\" y=\"0\"></use><use x=\"70\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-AF\" y=\"0\"></use></g></g><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(1571,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-30\"></use></g></g></g></svg><span role=\"presentation\"><math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">10</mn><mover accent=\"true\" is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">1</mn><mo is=\"true\">¯</mo></mover><mn is=\"true\">0</mn></mrow></math></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><mrow is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">10</mn><mover accent=\"true\" is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">1</mn><mo is=\"true\">¯</mo></mover><mn is=\"true\">0</mn></mrow></math></script></span>> texture orientation after fracture (Max. MUD = 8.755). Main phases of the SLM state are mainly composed of α-Mg, Mg<sub>24</sub>Y<sub>5</sub> and β’-Mg<sub>41</sub>Nd<sub>5</sub>, with an average grain size of only 4.27 ","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.021
Viviana M. Posada, Alexandru Marin, Tonny Naranjo, Juan Ramírez, Patricia Fernández-Morales
Advancing 3D magnesium (Mg) development beyond current limitations requires controlling Mg alloy degradation in pre-designed, low-dimension architectures. This study reveals a mechanistic switch in the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy (3.6% Al, 0.8 % Zn) diamond lattice structures, induced by plasma nanosynthesis (400 eV Ar+ ions, fluence 1 × 1017 ions/cm2). Plasma treatment of the Mg alloy increases surface Mg from 1.5% to 14.5%, enhances carbonate formation, and generates a nanostructured surface with a Mg carbonate layer over an oxide/hydroxide layer. In vitro and in vivo analyses over 8 wk demonstrate how this treatment fundamentally alters the degradation process and stability of these 3D architectures.While untreated samples initially formed a protective film that subsequently diminished, DPNS-treated samples demonstrated an inverse corrosion behavior. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed the presence of a stable, protective layer composed of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and magnesium carbonate on the DPNS-treated surfaces. After 14 days, the DPNS-treated sample exhibited a more positive corrosion potential (-0.69 V versus -1.36 V) and a marginally lower current density (0.73 mA/cm² compared to 0.75 mA/cm²) relative to the control. This protective layer, combined with modified surface topology, initiated a core-to-periphery degradation pattern that maintained structural integrity for up to 8 wk post-implantation. These findings support the conclusion that the DPNS-treated scaffold demonstrates sustained improved corrosion resistance over time compared to the untreated control.Micro-CT revealed plasma-treated samples retained larger struts (504.9 ± 95.3 µm at 8 wk) and formed larger H2 pockets extending 14.2 mm from the implant center, versus 4.9 mm in controls. This corrosion behavior switch enhances stability but risks pore clogging, offering insights for tailoring Mg alloy degradation and H2 evolution in 3D architectures for biomedical applications.
推进3D镁（Mg）技术的发展，需要在预先设计的低维结构中控制镁合金的降解。本研究揭示了等离子体纳米合成（400 eV Ar+离子，影响1 × 1017离子/cm2）诱导的镁合金（3.6% Al, 0.8% Zn）金刚石晶格结构腐蚀行为的机制转换。等离子体处理将镁合金表面Mg含量从1.5%提高到14.5%，促进了碳酸盐的形成，并在氧化/氢氧化物层上形成了碳酸盐层的纳米结构表面。超过8周的体外和体内分析证明了这种处理如何从根本上改变这些3D结构的降解过程和稳定性。而未经处理的样品最初形成保护膜，随后减少，dpns处理的样品表现出相反的腐蚀行为。x射线光电子能谱（XPS）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）证实，在dpns处理的表面上存在由氧化镁、氢氧化镁和碳酸镁组成的稳定保护层。14天后，dpns处理的样品显示出更高的正腐蚀电位（-0.69 V vs -1.36 V），电流密度（0.73 mA/cm²与0.75 mA/cm²相比）略低于对照。这种保护层与改良的表面拓扑结构相结合，启动了核心到外围的降解模式，在植入后8周内保持结构完整性。这些发现支持了这样的结论，即与未经处理的对照组相比，经过dpns处理的支架具有持续改善的耐腐蚀性。Micro-CT显示，经过等离子体处理的样品保留了更大的支撑（8周时为504.9±95.3µm），并形成了更大的H2袋，从植入物中心延伸14.2 mm，而对照组为4.9 mm。这种腐蚀行为开关提高了稳定性，但存在孔隙堵塞的风险，为生物医学应用的3D结构中定制镁合金降解和氢气演化提供了见解。
{"title":"Mechanistic switch in corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy diamond lattice structures induced by argon plasma treatment","authors":"Viviana M. Posada, Alexandru Marin, Tonny Naranjo, Juan Ramírez, Patricia Fernández-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"Advancing 3D magnesium (Mg) development beyond current limitations requires controlling Mg alloy degradation in pre-designed, low-dimension architectures. This study reveals a mechanistic switch in the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy (3.6% Al, 0.8 % Zn) diamond lattice structures, induced by plasma nanosynthesis (400 eV Ar<sup>+</sup> ions, fluence 1 × 10<sup>17</sup> ions/cm<sup>2</sup>). Plasma treatment of the Mg alloy increases surface Mg from 1.5% to 14.5%, enhances carbonate formation, and generates a nanostructured surface with a Mg carbonate layer over an oxide/hydroxide layer. In vitro and in vivo analyses over 8 wk demonstrate how this treatment fundamentally alters the degradation process and stability of these 3D architectures.While untreated samples initially formed a protective film that subsequently diminished, DPNS-treated samples demonstrated an inverse corrosion behavior. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed the presence of a stable, protective layer composed of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and magnesium carbonate on the DPNS-treated surfaces. After 14 days, the DPNS-treated sample exhibited a more positive corrosion potential (-0.69 V versus -1.36 V) and a marginally lower current density (0.73 mA/cm² compared to 0.75 mA/cm²) relative to the control. This protective layer, combined with modified surface topology, initiated a core-to-periphery degradation pattern that maintained structural integrity for up to 8 wk post-implantation. These findings support the conclusion that the DPNS-treated scaffold demonstrates sustained improved corrosion resistance over time compared to the untreated control.Micro-CT revealed plasma-treated samples retained larger struts (504.9 ± 95.3 µm at 8 wk) and formed larger H<sub>2</sub> pockets extending 14.2 mm from the implant center, versus 4.9 mm in controls. This corrosion behavior switch enhances stability but risks pore clogging, offering insights for tailoring Mg alloy degradation and H<sub>2</sub> evolution in 3D architectures for biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.022
Tariq Ahmad, Nadeem Fayaz Lone, Noor Zaman Khan, Babar Ahmad, Arshad Noor Siddiquee, Daolun Chen
This study investigates the surface properties of the dissimilar AA7075/Mg-WE43 joints wherein the effect of positioning the AA7075 on the advancing or retreating sides during friction stir welding (FSW) was scrutinized. The EBSD analysis revealed that the average grain size reduced from 4.11 ± 0.7 µm to 2.04 ± 0.9 µm when AA7075 was shifted from advancing to retreating side. The results showed that positioning AA7075 on the retreating side significantly reduced the wear rate from 0.41 mm³/Nm to 0.27 mm³/Nm and mitigates the problem of brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) formation, consequently reducing the average microhardness. Corrosion resistance improved from 77.59 mpy to 56.299 mpy. The higher grain refinement improved wear resistance due to higher grain boundary density and greater chances of formation of protective oxide films. The current work thus enhances the practical applicability of AA7075/Mg-WE43 welds for lightweighting of automotive structures.
{"title":"Surface properties of friction stir welded dissimilar joints of AA7075 and Mg-WE43 alloys: Effect of positional arrangement","authors":"Tariq Ahmad, Nadeem Fayaz Lone, Noor Zaman Khan, Babar Ahmad, Arshad Noor Siddiquee, Daolun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.022","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the surface properties of the dissimilar AA7075/Mg-WE43 joints wherein the effect of positioning the AA7075 on the advancing or retreating sides during friction stir welding (FSW) was scrutinized. The EBSD analysis revealed that the average grain size reduced from 4.11 ± 0.7 µm to 2.04 ± 0.9 µm when AA7075 was shifted from advancing to retreating side. The results showed that positioning AA7075 on the retreating side significantly reduced the wear rate from 0.41 mm³/Nm to 0.27 mm³/Nm and mitigates the problem of brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) formation, consequently reducing the average microhardness. Corrosion resistance improved from 77.59 mpy to 56.299 mpy. The higher grain refinement improved wear resistance due to higher grain boundary density and greater chances of formation of protective oxide films. The current work thus enhances the practical applicability of AA7075/Mg-WE43 welds for lightweighting of automotive structures.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.014
Long Guo, Xuanbin Zhang, Zhishan Zhang, Zhixiu Hao
The degradation characteristics of high-purity (HP) magnesium (Mg) orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads (SCL and CCL) remain inadequately understood. This study developed an in vivo loading device capable of applying single SCL and CCL while shielding against unpredictable host movements. In vitro degradation experiments of HP Mg implants were conducted to verify the experimental protocol, and in vivo experiments in rabbit tibiae to observe the degradation characteristics of the implants. Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope were used for three-dimensional reconstruction and surface morphology analysis, respectively. Compared to in vitro specimens, in vivo specimens exhibited significantly higher corrosion rates and more extensive cracking. Cracks in the in vivo specimens gradually penetrated deeper from the loading surface, eventually leading to a rapid structural deterioration; whereas in vitro specimens exhibited more surface-localized cracking and a relatively uniform corrosion pattern. Compared to SCL, CCL accelerated both corrosion and cracking to some extent. These findings provide new insights into the in vivo degradation behavior of Mg-based implants under compressive loading conditions.
{"title":"Degradation characteristics of high-purity magnesium implants under single static and cyclic compressive loads in vivo and in vitro","authors":"Long Guo, Xuanbin Zhang, Zhishan Zhang, Zhixiu Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"The degradation characteristics of high-purity (HP) magnesium (Mg) orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads (SCL and CCL) remain inadequately understood. This study developed an <em>in vivo</em> loading device capable of applying single SCL and CCL while shielding against unpredictable host movements. <em>In vitro</em> degradation experiments of HP Mg implants were conducted to verify the experimental protocol, and <em>in vivo</em> experiments in rabbit tibiae to observe the degradation characteristics of the implants. Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope were used for three-dimensional reconstruction and surface morphology analysis, respectively. Compared to <em>in vitro</em> specimens, <em>in vivo</em> specimens exhibited significantly higher corrosion rates and more extensive cracking. Cracks in the <em>in vivo</em> specimens gradually penetrated deeper from the loading surface, eventually leading to a rapid structural deterioration; whereas <em>in vitro</em> specimens exhibited more surface-localized cracking and a relatively uniform corrosion pattern. Compared to SCL, CCL accelerated both corrosion and cracking to some extent. These findings provide new insights into the <em>in vivo</em> degradation behavior of Mg-based implants under compressive loading conditions.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the growing demand for rapid and cost-effective solutions for lightweight magnesium alloys with excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, we investigated a heat-treatable RE-free magnesium alloy, Mg-4Sn-3Al-1Zn (TAZ431, wt.%), with remarkable thermal stability. The peak-aged TAZ431 alloy exhibits a 15 % increase in high-temperature (230 °C) yield strength, compared to the traditional commercial magnesium alloy, Mg-3Al-1Zn (AZ31, wt.%). In this work, we demonstrate that the basal Mg2Sn precipitates have a more pronounced hindrance effect on the non-basal slip systems, as evidenced by a combination of experiments (in-situ EBSD and dual beam TEM) and numerical simulations (Orowan model and VPSC). The distribution and morphology of Mg2Sn precipitates and cracks are quantitatively analyzed using a range of techniques including in-situ SEM and synchrotron X-ray tomography. Our results reveal that the decohension of grain boundary precipitates significantly promotes the formation of intergranular cracks, leading to ultimate fracture. The research comprehensively explains the impact of particle morphology, orientation, and distribution on precipitation strengthening and fracture modes at elevated temperatures, which is vital for the future development of high-temperature performance magnesium alloys.
随着对具有优异高温机械性能的轻质镁合金的快速、经济解决方案的需求日益增长，我们研究了一种具有显著热稳定性的可热处理无 RE 镁合金 Mg-4Sn-3Al-1Zn（TAZ431，重量百分比）。与传统的商用镁合金 Mg-3Al-1Zn（AZ31，重量百分比）相比，峰值时效 TAZ431 合金的高温（230 °C）屈服强度提高了 15%。在这项工作中，我们结合实验（原位 EBSD 和双束 TEM）和数值模拟（奥罗恩模型和 VPSC）证明，基底 Mg2Sn 沉淀对非基底滑移系统具有更明显的阻碍作用。我们使用一系列技术，包括原位扫描电子显微镜和同步辐射 X 射线断层扫描，对 Mg2Sn 沉淀和裂纹的分布和形态进行了定量分析。我们的研究结果表明，晶界析出物的解粘作用极大地促进了晶间裂纹的形成，从而导致最终断裂。该研究全面解释了颗粒形态、取向和分布对高温下析出强化和断裂模式的影响，这对高温性能镁合金的未来发展至关重要。
{"title":"Enhanced high-temperature strength of a Mg-4Sn-3Al-1 Zn alloy with good thermal stability via Mg2Sn precipitation","authors":"Wei Sun, Yangchao Deng, Yuhan Hu, Hongyi Zhan, Kun Yan, Sansan Shuai, Enyu Guo, Zebang Zheng, Guang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing demand for rapid and cost-effective solutions for lightweight magnesium alloys with excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, we investigated a heat-treatable RE-free magnesium alloy, Mg-4Sn-3Al-1Zn (TAZ431, wt.%), with remarkable thermal stability. The peak-aged TAZ431 alloy exhibits a 15 % increase in high-temperature (230 °C) yield strength, compared to the traditional commercial magnesium alloy, Mg-3Al-1Zn (AZ31, wt.%). In this work, we demonstrate that the basal Mg<sub>2</sub>Sn precipitates have a more pronounced hindrance effect on the non-basal slip systems, as evidenced by a combination of experiments (in-situ EBSD and dual beam TEM) and numerical simulations (Orowan model and VPSC). The distribution and morphology of Mg<sub>2</sub>Sn precipitates and cracks are quantitatively analyzed using a range of techniques including in-situ SEM and synchrotron X-ray tomography. Our results reveal that the decohension of grain boundary precipitates significantly promotes the formation of intergranular cracks, leading to ultimate fracture. The research comprehensively explains the impact of particle morphology, orientation, and distribution on precipitation strengthening and fracture modes at elevated temperatures, which is vital for the future development of high-temperature performance magnesium alloys.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents a novel approach to improving the anticorrosive performance of AZ31 Mg alloy by exploiting the role of the hydration reaction to induce interactions between Quinolin-8-ol (8HQ) molecules and the porous MgO layer formed via plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). The AZ31 Mg alloy, initially coated with a PEO layer, underwent a dipping treatment in an ethanolic solution of 0.05 M 8HQ at 50 °C for 3 h The results were compared with those from a different procedure where the PEO layer was subjected to a hydration reaction for 2 h at 90 °C before immersion in the 8HQ solution under the same conditions. The hydration treatment played a crucial role by converting MgO to Mg(OH)₂, significantly enhancing the surface reactivity. This transformation introduced hydroxyl groups (−OH) on the surface, which facilitated donor-acceptor interactions with the electron-accepting sites on 8HQ molecules. The calculated binding energy (Ebinding) from DFT indicated that the interaction energy of 8HQ with Mg(OH)₂ was lower compared to 8HQ with MgO, suggesting easier adsorption of 8HQ molecules on the hydrated surface. This, combined with the increased number of active sites and enhanced surface area, allowed for extensive surface coverage by 8HQ, leading to the formation of a stable, flake-like protective layer that sealed the majority of pores on the PEO layer. DFT calculations further suggested that the hydration treatment provided multiple active sites, enabling effective contact with 8HQ and rapid electron transfer, creating ideal conditions for charge-transfer-induced physical and chemical bonding. This study shows that hydration and 8HQ treatments significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, highlighting their potential for advanced anticorrosive coatings.
{"title":"Optimization of corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mg alloy through hydration-driven interaction between quinolin-8-ol and plasma electrolytic oxidation-formed MgO layer","authors":"Mosab Kaseem, Talitha Tara Thanaa, Ananda Repycha Safira, Alireza Askari, Arash Fattah-alhosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel approach to improving the anticorrosive performance of AZ31 Mg alloy by exploiting the role of the hydration reaction to induce interactions between Quinolin-8-ol (8HQ) molecules and the porous MgO layer formed via plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). The AZ31 Mg alloy, initially coated with a PEO layer, underwent a dipping treatment in an ethanolic solution of 0.05 M 8HQ at 50 °C for 3 h The results were compared with those from a different procedure where the PEO layer was subjected to a hydration reaction for 2 h at 90 °C before immersion in the 8HQ solution under the same conditions. The hydration treatment played a crucial role by converting MgO to Mg(OH)₂, significantly enhancing the surface reactivity. This transformation introduced hydroxyl groups (−OH) on the surface, which facilitated donor-acceptor interactions with the electron-accepting sites on 8HQ molecules. The calculated binding energy (E<sub>binding</sub>) from DFT indicated that the interaction energy of 8HQ with Mg(OH)₂ was lower compared to 8HQ with MgO, suggesting easier adsorption of 8HQ molecules on the hydrated surface. This, combined with the increased number of active sites and enhanced surface area, allowed for extensive surface coverage by 8HQ, leading to the formation of a stable, flake-like protective layer that sealed the majority of pores on the PEO layer. DFT calculations further suggested that the hydration treatment provided multiple active sites, enabling effective contact with 8HQ and rapid electron transfer, creating ideal conditions for charge-transfer-induced physical and chemical bonding. This study shows that hydration and 8HQ treatments significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, highlighting their potential for advanced anticorrosive coatings.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.017
Alan A. Luo
Magnesium is at a crossroads, facing significant opportunities and challenges. On one hand, its unique properties - such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and excellent castability - position it as a key material for lightweighting in automotive [1,2], aerospace [3,4], and consumer electronics [4,5]. On the other hand, challenges such as limited corrosion resistance, poor formability at room temperature, and a reliance on energy-intensive extraction processes impede its widespread adoption. Despite the steady increase of magnesium research and production in the last three decades, its growth in recent years has stalled in almost all regions of the world.
{"title":"Magnesium is at a crossroads: An industrial metal or a technology metal?","authors":"Alan A. Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium is at a crossroads, facing significant opportunities and challenges. On one hand, its unique properties - such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and excellent castability - position it as a key material for lightweighting in automotive [<span><span>1</span></span>,<span><span>2</span></span>], aerospace [<span><span>3</span></span>,<span><span>4</span></span>], and consumer electronics [<span><span>4</span></span>,<span><span>5</span></span>]. On the other hand, challenges such as limited corrosion resistance, poor formability at room temperature, and a reliance on energy-intensive extraction processes impede its widespread adoption. Despite the steady increase of magnesium research and production in the last three decades, its growth in recent years has stalled in almost all regions of the world.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.011
Lang Liu, Xuan Luo, Konstantinos Papadikis, Yunchang Xin, Qing Liu
Atomistic simulations were adopted to study the solute segregation effect on dislocation transmutation across the <span><span style=""></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow is="true"><mo is="true">{</mo><mrow is="true"><mn is="true">10</mn><mover accent="true" is="true"><mn is="true">1</mn><mo is="true">¯</mo></mover><mn is="true">2</mn></mrow><mo is="true">}</mo></mrow></math>' role="presentation" style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;" tabindex="0"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="2.779ex" role="img" style="vertical-align: -0.812ex;" viewbox="0 -846.5 3073 1196.3" width="7.137ex" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g is="true"><use is="true" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-7B"></use><g is="true" transform="translate(500,0)"><g is="true"><use xlink:href="#MJMAIN-31"></use><use x="500" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-30" y="0"></use></g><g is="true" transform="translate(1001,0)"><g is="true" transform="translate(35,0)"><use xlink:href="#MJMAIN-31"></use></g><g is="true" transform="translate(0,198)"><use x="-70" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-AF" y="0"></use><use x="70" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-AF" y="0"></use></g></g><g is="true" transform="translate(1571,0)"><use xlink:href="#MJMAIN-32"></use></g></g><use is="true" x="2572" xlink:href="#MJMAIN-7D" y="0"></use></g></g></svg><span role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow is="true"><mo is="true">{</mo><mrow is="true"><mn is="true">10</mn><mover accent="true" is="true"><mn is="true">1</mn><mo is="true">¯</mo></mover><mn is="true">2</mn></mrow><mo is="true">}</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/mml"><math><mrow is="true"><mo is="true">{</mo><mrow is="true"><mn is="true">10</mn><mover accent="true" is="true"><mn is="true">1</mn><mo is="true">¯</mo></mover><mn is="true">2</mn></mrow><mo is="true">}</mo></mrow></math></script></span> twin boundaries in magnesium. For pure magnesium, the dislocation-twin reaction resulted in the formation of sessile dislocations accompanied by the fast migration of the twin boundary, and no 〈<em>c</em> + <em>a</em>〉 dislocation occurred. With Al segregation, instead, two basal dislocations transmuted into one prismatic 〈<em>c</em> + <em>a</em>〉 dislocation in the twin. Twin migration was significantly impeded, and the resultant twin disconnections stayed localized and had a higher step character than in pure Mg. To reveal the mechanism of the effect of solute segregation, the Peierls barriers of twin disconnections were calculated, and the dynamic evolutions of twin disconnection dipoles were simulated. The results suggested that Al segregation softened the Peierls barrier of twin disconnections but imposed a high pinning force on twin disconnection
采用原子模拟方法研究了溶质偏析对镁中{101¯2}{101¯2}孪晶界位错嬗变的影响。对于纯镁，位错-孪晶反应导致固位错形成，孪晶界快速迁移，没有出现< c + a >位错。在Al偏析中，两个基底位错转变为一个棱柱形< c +一个>位错。与纯Mg相比，孪晶迁移受到明显阻碍，导致孪晶断裂停留在局部，且具有更高的阶跃特征。为了揭示溶质偏析的作用机理，计算了孪晶断裂的Peierls势垒，并模拟了孪晶断裂偶极子的动态演化。结果表明，Al偏析软化了孪晶断口的Peierls势垒，但对孪晶断口施加了较大的钉住力，从而减弱了它们的迁移率。此外，在相同的Al偏析条件下，高阶的孪晶断开偶极子表现出更大的稳定性，这解释了在Al偏析的情况下，比纯镁中存在高阶的局部孪晶断开。溶质偏析导致孪晶断开的低迁移率导致< c + a >位错的发生。
{"title":"Effect of Al segregation on dislocation transmutation across {101¯2} twin boundaries in Mg: An atomistic simulation study","authors":"Lang Liu, Xuan Luo, Konstantinos Papadikis, Yunchang Xin, Qing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"Atomistic simulations were adopted to study the solute segregation effect on dislocation transmutation across the <span><span style=\"\"></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mo is=\"true\">{</mo><mrow is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">10</mn><mover accent=\"true\" is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">1</mn><mo is=\"true\">&#xAF;</mo></mover><mn is=\"true\">2</mn></mrow><mo is=\"true\">}</mo></mrow></math>' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"2.779ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.812ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -846.5 3073 1196.3\" width=\"7.137ex\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"><g is=\"true\"><use is=\"true\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-7B\"></use><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(500,0)\"><g is=\"true\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-31\"></use><use x=\"500\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-30\" y=\"0\"></use></g><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(1001,0)\"><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(35,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-31\"></use></g><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(0,198)\"><use x=\"-70\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-AF\" y=\"0\"></use><use x=\"70\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-AF\" y=\"0\"></use></g></g><g is=\"true\" transform=\"translate(1571,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-32\"></use></g></g><use is=\"true\" x=\"2572\" xlink:href=\"#MJMAIN-7D\" y=\"0\"></use></g></g></svg><span role=\"presentation\"><math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mo is=\"true\">{</mo><mrow is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">10</mn><mover accent=\"true\" is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">1</mn><mo is=\"true\">¯</mo></mover><mn is=\"true\">2</mn></mrow><mo is=\"true\">}</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><mrow is=\"true\"><mo is=\"true\">{</mo><mrow is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">10</mn><mover accent=\"true\" is=\"true\"><mn is=\"true\">1</mn><mo is=\"true\">¯</mo></mover><mn is=\"true\">2</mn></mrow><mo is=\"true\">}</mo></mrow></math></script></span> twin boundaries in magnesium. For pure magnesium, the dislocation-twin reaction resulted in the formation of sessile dislocations accompanied by the fast migration of the twin boundary, and no 〈<em>c</em> + <em>a</em>〉 dislocation occurred. With Al segregation, instead, two basal dislocations transmuted into one prismatic 〈<em>c</em> + <em>a</em>〉 dislocation in the twin. Twin migration was significantly impeded, and the resultant twin disconnections stayed localized and had a higher step character than in pure Mg. To reveal the mechanism of the effect of solute segregation, the Peierls barriers of twin disconnections were calculated, and the dynamic evolutions of twin disconnection dipoles were simulated. The results suggested that Al segregation softened the Peierls barrier of twin disconnections but imposed a high pinning force on twin disconnection","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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