Objective : The main objective this study is to assess factors contributing to combustion and non-combustion related indoor air pollutants exposure and related prevalence of respiratory health problem among women and young children in Seka town. Methods: The study used a household-based cross-sectional study design from May 1-30, 2017. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the 341 households included in the survey. The survey instrument was specific structured questionnaire that was adapted from WHO guidelines for survey of household fuel use indoor spray and acute respiratory infections. Concentration of total suspended particles(TSP) was measured in small subset of 34(10%) sampled households during the cooking and non-cooking hours using SKC 52 model air sampling pump .The survey data was analyzed by using a software package SPSS version 20.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of household fuel using characteristics to ARI and descriptive statistics such as frequency distributions and measure of central tendencies were used to describe concentrations of total suspended particulates. Results: The finding from the survey analysis shows that 332 (97.4%) of mothers were exposed to indoor air pollution during cooking. Majority of the respondents 271 (79.5%) had poor ventilation and 149 (43.7%) were reported that they used indoor spray unsafely. However, 67.2% of them reported as they do not know how to apply indoor spray. As a result 66% of the respondents did not close food items during the spray and 73.3% of them close windows and doors during spray. The study found an indoor total suspended particulate matter (TSP) concentration7881.6 µg/m 3 during cooking. This was about 1.4 times when compared to non-cooking time. The study found statistically strong significant association with mother’s education status 1.58 times more to develop respiratory health problems and also small kitchen size, kitchen ventilation, have strong significances 1.57 and 1.62 times respectively the occurrence of respiratory health problems. The Type of fuel for cooking, Time of spent on cooking and mothers’ level of knowledge on effect of indoor air pollution also strong significances 1.71,1.80 and 2.0 times respectively association with respiratory health problems development. Conclusion : Housing and kitchen characteristics, type of fuels and stoves are the main factors contributing to increased indoor air pollutant concentration and to increased prevalence of respiratory health problems. Keywords : Household biomass fuel; Indoor spray; Indoor air Pollution; Respiratory health problems; AFI; factors contributing; exposures; Seka DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/61-03 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
目的:本研究的主要目的是评估导致Seka镇妇女和幼儿接触燃烧和非燃烧相关室内空气污染物以及相关呼吸健康问题流行率的因素。方法:本研究于2017年5月1日至30日采用基于家庭的横断面研究设计。采用系统随机抽样的方法，抽取341户家庭参与调查。调查工具是根据世卫组织家庭燃料使用、室内喷雾和急性呼吸道感染调查指南改编的具体结构化问卷。使用skc52型空气采样泵对34个(10%)抽样家庭在烹饪和非烹饪时间的总悬浮颗粒(TSP)浓度进行了测量，并使用SPSS version 20软件包对调查数据进行了分析。使用逻辑回归分析来确定家用燃料与ARI的关系，并使用描述性统计(如频率分布和集中趋势测量)来描述总悬浮颗粒的浓度。结果:调查分析结果显示，332名母亲(97.4%)在烹饪过程中暴露于室内空气污染。271人(79.5%)通风不良，149人(43.7%)不安全使用室内喷雾。然而，67.2%的人报告说他们不知道如何使用室内喷雾。结果，66%的受访者在喷洒过程中没有关闭食物，73.3%的受访者在喷洒过程中关闭门窗。研究发现，烹饪过程中室内总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)浓度为7881.6微克/立方米。这是非烹饪时间的1.4倍。研究发现，母亲的受教育程度与发生呼吸健康问题的相关性为1.58倍，而厨房面积小、厨房通风不佳，与发生呼吸健康问题的相关性分别为1.57倍和1.62倍。烹调燃料种类、烹调时间及母亲对室内空气污染影响的知识水平与呼吸道健康问题发展的相关性分别为1.71、1.80及2.0倍。结论:住房和厨房特点、燃料和炉具类型是导致室内空气污染物浓度增加和呼吸道健康问题患病率增加的主要因素。关键词:家用生物质燃料;室内喷淋;室内空气污染;呼吸系统健康问题;AFI;因素;曝光;出版日期:2019年11月30日
{"title":"Assessment of Factors Contributing to Indoor Air Pollutants Exposure and Prevalence of Respiratory Health Problems in Seka Town","authors":"Samuel Fikadu","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/61-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/61-03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : The main objective this study is to assess factors contributing to combustion and non-combustion related indoor air pollutants exposure and related prevalence of respiratory health problem among women and young children in Seka town. Methods: The study used a household-based cross-sectional study design from May 1-30, 2017. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the 341 households included in the survey. The survey instrument was specific structured questionnaire that was adapted from WHO guidelines for survey of household fuel use indoor spray and acute respiratory infections. Concentration of total suspended particles(TSP) was measured in small subset of 34(10%) sampled households during the cooking and non-cooking hours using SKC 52 model air sampling pump .The survey data was analyzed by using a software package SPSS version 20.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of household fuel using characteristics to ARI and descriptive statistics such as frequency distributions and measure of central tendencies were used to describe concentrations of total suspended particulates. Results: The finding from the survey analysis shows that 332 (97.4%) of mothers were exposed to indoor air pollution during cooking. Majority of the respondents 271 (79.5%) had poor ventilation and 149 (43.7%) were reported that they used indoor spray unsafely. However, 67.2% of them reported as they do not know how to apply indoor spray. As a result 66% of the respondents did not close food items during the spray and 73.3% of them close windows and doors during spray. The study found an indoor total suspended particulate matter (TSP) concentration7881.6 µg/m 3 during cooking. This was about 1.4 times when compared to non-cooking time. The study found statistically strong significant association with mother’s education status 1.58 times more to develop respiratory health problems and also small kitchen size, kitchen ventilation, have strong significances 1.57 and 1.62 times respectively the occurrence of respiratory health problems. The Type of fuel for cooking, Time of spent on cooking and mothers’ level of knowledge on effect of indoor air pollution also strong significances 1.71,1.80 and 2.0 times respectively association with respiratory health problems development. Conclusion : Housing and kitchen characteristics, type of fuels and stoves are the main factors contributing to increased indoor air pollutant concentration and to increased prevalence of respiratory health problems. Keywords : Household biomass fuel; Indoor spray; Indoor air Pollution; Respiratory health problems; AFI; factors contributing; exposures; Seka DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/61-03 Publication date: November 30 th 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75199967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Onuoha, M. E. Ike, T. .. Diepreye, Ezekiel. F. Hallie, Vivian. A. Maduka, Nake. Nelson-Ebimie, Jangfa. N. Nden
Chemotherapy continues to serve as the best option therapy in treating human malignancies that have undergone metastasis and cannot be managed solely by surgical removal or radiation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical important of haematological parameters in the management of lymphoid malignancy patients on chemotherapy to ascertain the impact of such chemotherapy on them.. This study was carried out in one secondary and one tertiary health institution in Edo State. It was divided into three groups: lymphoid malignancy on chemotherapy, novel lymphoid malignancy and apparently healthy individuals as controls. Using aseptic precaution, 5ml of blood is collected into K 2 EDTA container for full blood count analysis using KX-21NSysmex automated Haematology analyser 2004 model and data were analysed using student t test. The comparison between novel lymphoid malignant patient and controls indicate WBC, lymphocytes and platelet count increase significantly (P 0.05). The comparison between lymphoid malignant patient on chemotherapy and controls shows RBC, HGB, HCT decrease significantly when compared with control (P 0.05).When lymphoid malignant patient on chemotherapy and novel lymphoid malignant patient are compared, it shows RBC, HGB, HCT increase significantly when compared with novel lymphoid malignant patients (P 0.05). we can deduce that full blood count is highly clinically important for an effective management of lymphoid malignant patients on chemotherapy. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/61-04 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
{"title":"Haematological Changes in Patients with Lymphoid Malignancies on Chemotherapy in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Onuoha, M. E. Ike, T. .. Diepreye, Ezekiel. F. Hallie, Vivian. A. Maduka, Nake. Nelson-Ebimie, Jangfa. N. Nden","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/61-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/61-04","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy continues to serve as the best option therapy in treating human malignancies that have undergone metastasis and cannot be managed solely by surgical removal or radiation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical important of haematological parameters in the management of lymphoid malignancy patients on chemotherapy to ascertain the impact of such chemotherapy on them.. This study was carried out in one secondary and one tertiary health institution in Edo State. It was divided into three groups: lymphoid malignancy on chemotherapy, novel lymphoid malignancy and apparently healthy individuals as controls. Using aseptic precaution, 5ml of blood is collected into K 2 EDTA container for full blood count analysis using KX-21NSysmex automated Haematology analyser 2004 model and data were analysed using student t test. The comparison between novel lymphoid malignant patient and controls indicate WBC, lymphocytes and platelet count increase significantly (P 0.05). The comparison between lymphoid malignant patient on chemotherapy and controls shows RBC, HGB, HCT decrease significantly when compared with control (P 0.05).When lymphoid malignant patient on chemotherapy and novel lymphoid malignant patient are compared, it shows RBC, HGB, HCT increase significantly when compared with novel lymphoid malignant patients (P 0.05). we can deduce that full blood count is highly clinically important for an effective management of lymphoid malignant patients on chemotherapy. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/61-04 Publication date: November 30 th 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82114311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Students experiencing psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, may face problems in managing their educational activities. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates psychological distress among undergraduate Madda Walabu University students. Design: To achieve the objective cross-sectional research design was employed. Participants: Robe and Goba campus Madda Walabu University students were the aggregate populations of the study. The total number of population was 11,718. Of 11718 students, 384 students were obtained by using proportionate stratified random sampling technique using colleges as strata. Instrument: DAS-S-depression, anxiety, stress scale, and questionnaires developed by the researchers to identify the determinant factors of depression, anxiety and stress were used to collect the data. Analysis: Quantitatively the collected data was analyzed by using percentage, Pearson correlation, and mean scores and standard deviation. Result and interpretation : Among the participants, 42.1 % of the students were under depressive symptoms (13.0% mild level; 12.8% moderate level; 9.9% severe level and the rest 5.5% under extremely severe level). In terms of anxiety, 48.1 % of respondents score high anxiety level. Specifically, 6.3%, were mild; 19 % were a moderate level of anxiety; 15.1 % and 8% of the students were under severe and extremely severe level respectively. 50.3 % of the respondents were under stressful situations (19.3% mild, 21.6% moderate; 7.8% severe and 1.6% were under extremely severe condition). The Pearson correlation results indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between depression, anxiety, and stress with academic achievement. Ten identified and accepted determinant factors that led students to were psychological distress were Substance use; chronic diseases; conflicts in terms of religious issues among students; conflicts in terms of racial issues among students; family functioning problem; poor study habits; excessive pressure or coercion from parents; excessive pressure or coercion from teachers; difficulty in making friend, and unfair assessment of instructors due difference in ethnicity. Recommendation: The results suggest that the early prevention of anxiety, depression, and stress is critical since, if left untreated, it can have serious consequences on students' future health and career possibilities. Keywords: Academic achievement, Anxiety, Depression, Psychological distress, Stress DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/61-02 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
{"title":"The Prevalence and Correlates of Psychological Distress Among Undergraduate Students of Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia","authors":"Emebet Girma Mekuria","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/61-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/61-02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Students experiencing psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, may face problems in managing their educational activities. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates psychological distress among undergraduate Madda Walabu University students. Design: To achieve the objective cross-sectional research design was employed. Participants: Robe and Goba campus Madda Walabu University students were the aggregate populations of the study. The total number of population was 11,718. Of 11718 students, 384 students were obtained by using proportionate stratified random sampling technique using colleges as strata. Instrument: DAS-S-depression, anxiety, stress scale, and questionnaires developed by the researchers to identify the determinant factors of depression, anxiety and stress were used to collect the data. Analysis: Quantitatively the collected data was analyzed by using percentage, Pearson correlation, and mean scores and standard deviation. Result and interpretation : Among the participants, 42.1 % of the students were under depressive symptoms (13.0% mild level; 12.8% moderate level; 9.9% severe level and the rest 5.5% under extremely severe level). In terms of anxiety, 48.1 % of respondents score high anxiety level. Specifically, 6.3%, were mild; 19 % were a moderate level of anxiety; 15.1 % and 8% of the students were under severe and extremely severe level respectively. 50.3 % of the respondents were under stressful situations (19.3% mild, 21.6% moderate; 7.8% severe and 1.6% were under extremely severe condition). The Pearson correlation results indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between depression, anxiety, and stress with academic achievement. Ten identified and accepted determinant factors that led students to were psychological distress were Substance use; chronic diseases; conflicts in terms of religious issues among students; conflicts in terms of racial issues among students; family functioning problem; poor study habits; excessive pressure or coercion from parents; excessive pressure or coercion from teachers; difficulty in making friend, and unfair assessment of instructors due difference in ethnicity. Recommendation: The results suggest that the early prevention of anxiety, depression, and stress is critical since, if left untreated, it can have serious consequences on students' future health and career possibilities. Keywords: Academic achievement, Anxiety, Depression, Psychological distress, Stress DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/61-02 Publication date: November 30 th 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90531276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective : Stress plays important role in effecting the cardiovascular disease and most of the risk factors with hypertensive disease in pregnancy [HDP] is caused by stress. Main objective of the study is to find connection between stress and risks for HDP during pregnancy. Place and duration of study : Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department Rajab Tayyep Erdogan Indus Hospital, Muzaffargerh. From August 2018 to August 2019. Material and method: A controlled examination contrasting obstetrical and psychosocial was conducted by 724 patient and 879 matched control for ages, equality, and educational level. Results: Emotional stress during pregnancy was linked with 1.6 times increase risk for hypertension during pregnancy. Conlusion : Psychosocial involvement to decrease emotional stress during the period of pregnancy can aid to reduce the risk to emerge HDP. Keywords: Hypertensive, Pregnancy, Emotional Stress DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/60-04 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
{"title":"Whether Hypertensive Diseases in Pregnancy are Associated with Emotional Stress","authors":"Zahida Liaqat, S. Gull, S. Parveen, A. Rasheed","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/60-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/60-04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Stress plays important role in effecting the cardiovascular disease and most of the risk factors with hypertensive disease in pregnancy [HDP] is caused by stress. Main objective of the study is to find connection between stress and risks for HDP during pregnancy. Place and duration of study : Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department Rajab Tayyep Erdogan Indus Hospital, Muzaffargerh. From August 2018 to August 2019. Material and method: A controlled examination contrasting obstetrical and psychosocial was conducted by 724 patient and 879 matched control for ages, equality, and educational level. Results: Emotional stress during pregnancy was linked with 1.6 times increase risk for hypertension during pregnancy. Conlusion : Psychosocial involvement to decrease emotional stress during the period of pregnancy can aid to reduce the risk to emerge HDP. Keywords: Hypertensive, Pregnancy, Emotional Stress DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/60-04 Publication date :October 31 st 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82593194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To study the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and evaluate the clinical nerve dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. Study Design: Prospective study Place and duration: Medical ward Mayo hospital, Lady Wllingdon Hospital and Nishtar Hospital Multan from March 2018 to May 2019. Methodology: Eighty patients of clinically and biochemically proven chronic kidney disease were selected for study. Non probability consecutive sampling was used. Patients were assessed or both sensory and motor nerve dysfunction. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Main variables of study were creatinine clearance and neuropathy of peripheral nerves. Results: Affected patients percentage with reference to overt and subclinical neuropathy was noted as 67.5%. Overt neuropathy and subclinical neuropathy observed as 35.2% and 64.8%, respectively. Patients affected with percentage with reference to the type of peripheral neuropathy were noted 67.5%. Sensory-motor, sensory and motor was observed as 31.5%, 14.8% and 53.7%, respectively. Conclusion: Peripheral neuropathy is highly associated with chronic kidney disease and severity and prevalence of neuropathy increases with worsening in renal failure. Early diagnosis and strict compliance required to overcome this condition. Keywords: Chronic Kidney disease, Peripheral neuropathy, Hemodialysis, Sensory nerve, Motor nerve. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/60-03 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
{"title":"Association of Peripheral Neuropathy in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)","authors":"Hafiz Kazim Hassan, Mariam Khan, Tayyeb Umer","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/60-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/60-03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and evaluate the clinical nerve dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. Study Design: Prospective study Place and duration: Medical ward Mayo hospital, Lady Wllingdon Hospital and Nishtar Hospital Multan from March 2018 to May 2019. Methodology: Eighty patients of clinically and biochemically proven chronic kidney disease were selected for study. Non probability consecutive sampling was used. Patients were assessed or both sensory and motor nerve dysfunction. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Main variables of study were creatinine clearance and neuropathy of peripheral nerves. Results: Affected patients percentage with reference to overt and subclinical neuropathy was noted as 67.5%. Overt neuropathy and subclinical neuropathy observed as 35.2% and 64.8%, respectively. Patients affected with percentage with reference to the type of peripheral neuropathy were noted 67.5%. Sensory-motor, sensory and motor was observed as 31.5%, 14.8% and 53.7%, respectively. Conclusion: Peripheral neuropathy is highly associated with chronic kidney disease and severity and prevalence of neuropathy increases with worsening in renal failure. Early diagnosis and strict compliance required to overcome this condition. Keywords: Chronic Kidney disease, Peripheral neuropathy, Hemodialysis, Sensory nerve, Motor nerve. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/60-03 Publication date :October 31 st 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76444983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Defined are the physicochemical properties of healing thermal and non-thermal spring waters in the area of Varna District. It is shown that according to 18 controlled parameters included in the research, the thermal healing spring water drilling №Р-83хКК “Saints Constantine and Helena”, thermal healing spring water Р-1х “Aquarium”, thermal healing spring water Р-106 х “Dom Mladost”, thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at “Primorski” swimming pool, fulfill the required conditions for drinking water.The spring waters from the given four water sources are characterized by microbiological indicators, as the pathogenic micro-organisms are defined by the membrane method. It is established that thermal healing spring water drilling №Р-83хКК “Saints Constantine and Helena”, thermal healing spring water Р-1х “Aquarium”, thermal healing spring water Р-106 х “Dom Mladost”, thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at “Primorski” swimming pool, fulfill the standard requirements. “The healing water” of village Goren Chiflik, District of Varna does not conform with the physicochemical indicators given for nitrates, and microbiological indicators with regards to coliform bacteria and enterococci. Keywords : spring water, drinking water, physicochemical properties, microbiological indicators DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/59-02 Publication date :September 30 th 2019
{"title":"Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Thermal Healing Spring Waters in the District of Varna","authors":"N. Valcheva, I. Ignatov","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/59-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/59-02","url":null,"abstract":"Defined are the physicochemical properties of healing thermal and non-thermal spring waters in the area of Varna District. It is shown that according to 18 controlled parameters included in the research, the thermal healing spring water drilling №Р-83хКК “Saints Constantine and Helena”, thermal healing spring water Р-1х “Aquarium”, thermal healing spring water Р-106 х “Dom Mladost”, thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at “Primorski” swimming pool, fulfill the required conditions for drinking water.The spring waters from the given four water sources are characterized by microbiological indicators, as the pathogenic micro-organisms are defined by the membrane method. It is established that thermal healing spring water drilling №Р-83хКК “Saints Constantine and Helena”, thermal healing spring water Р-1х “Aquarium”, thermal healing spring water Р-106 х “Dom Mladost”, thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at “Primorski” swimming pool, fulfill the standard requirements. “The healing water” of village Goren Chiflik, District of Varna does not conform with the physicochemical indicators given for nitrates, and microbiological indicators with regards to coliform bacteria and enterococci. Keywords : spring water, drinking water, physicochemical properties, microbiological indicators DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/59-02 Publication date :September 30 th 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90168029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To compare the efficacy of azithromycin plus levamisole versus azithromycin alone in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. Patients and methods Ninety patients with moderate to severe acne were divided into two groups. Group A was given oral azithromycin 500mg/day, three days a week, plus oral levamisole 150mg/day, two days a week and group B was given oral azithromycin 500mg/day, three days a week. Patients were followed up at 4 th and 8 th week for efficacy and tolerability. Results Efficacy of treatment in Group A (given azithromycin plus levamisole) was seen in 36 (80%) patients while in Group B (oral azithromycin alone) efficacy was seen in 27 (60%) patients (p-value = 0.048). Conclusion Combination therapy with oral azithromycin plus levamisole is more efficacious as compared to oral azithromycin alone in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris. Key words Acne, azithromycin, levamisole. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/58-05 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
{"title":"Comparison of efficacy of azithromycin plus levamisole versus azithromycin alone in the treatment of moderate to severe acne","authors":"Ammar Naseer, Ahsan Farooq, J. Iqbal, G. Mujtaba","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/58-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/58-05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To compare the efficacy of azithromycin plus levamisole versus azithromycin alone in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. Patients and methods Ninety patients with moderate to severe acne were divided into two groups. Group A was given oral azithromycin 500mg/day, three days a week, plus oral levamisole 150mg/day, two days a week and group B was given oral azithromycin 500mg/day, three days a week. Patients were followed up at 4 th and 8 th week for efficacy and tolerability. Results Efficacy of treatment in Group A (given azithromycin plus levamisole) was seen in 36 (80%) patients while in Group B (oral azithromycin alone) efficacy was seen in 27 (60%) patients (p-value = 0.048). Conclusion Combination therapy with oral azithromycin plus levamisole is more efficacious as compared to oral azithromycin alone in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris. Key words Acne, azithromycin, levamisole. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/58-05 Publication date : August 31 st 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75765312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background; A major cause of cirrhosis-related morbidity and mortality is the development of variceal bleeding, a direct consequence of portal hypertension. Each episode of active variceal bleeding is associated with 30 percent mortality. This study was planned to determine frequency of variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and frequency of in-hospital mortality of these patients in our population. Objective; To determine association of diabetes with mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis presenting with of variceal bleed. Material and Methods; Consecutive 139 Patient diagnosed with cirrhosis of liver were included in this cross-sectional study from department of Medicine, Nishtar hospital Multan. Complete history and physical examination was assessed to document duration of duration of liver disease, ascites, Hepatic encephalopathy, Previous GI bleed and systemic coagulopathy. All the patients had undergone diagnostic upper GI endoscopic examination to document varices. Results; Of these 139 study cases, 77 (55.4 %) were male and 62 (44.6 %) were female. Mean age of our study cases was 45.50 ± 10.81 years. Mean duration of disease (liver cirrhosis) was 3.25 ± 2.32 years. Majority of our study cases i.e. 94 (67.6%) were having liver cirrhosis for the duration of less than 5 years. Child-Pugh class C was more prevalent i.e. 77 (55.4%) of our study cases. Variceal bleeding was observed in 100 (71.9 %) of our study cases. Frequency of diabetes in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleed was 47 (33.81%) and mortality in these diabetics was 26 (55.31%) (p = 0.001). Conclusion; Diabetes was found to be significantly associated with mortality in cirrhotic patients presenting with variceal bleeding. Healthcare professionals should anticipate adverse outcomes in diabetic patients of liver cirrhosis presenting with variceal bleeding and should educate them regarding glycemic control at early stages of diagnosis. Keywords; Liver Cirrhosis, Variceal bleeding, Mortality. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/58-01 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
{"title":"DIABETES AS A PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH VARICEAL BLEED","authors":"Iqra Saleem, Rabia Shaukat, Javeria Shamim","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/58-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/58-01","url":null,"abstract":"Background; A major cause of cirrhosis-related morbidity and mortality is the development of variceal bleeding, a direct consequence of portal hypertension. Each episode of active variceal bleeding is associated with 30 percent mortality. This study was planned to determine frequency of variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and frequency of in-hospital mortality of these patients in our population. Objective; To determine association of diabetes with mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis presenting with of variceal bleed. Material and Methods; Consecutive 139 Patient diagnosed with cirrhosis of liver were included in this cross-sectional study from department of Medicine, Nishtar hospital Multan. Complete history and physical examination was assessed to document duration of duration of liver disease, ascites, Hepatic encephalopathy, Previous GI bleed and systemic coagulopathy. All the patients had undergone diagnostic upper GI endoscopic examination to document varices. Results; Of these 139 study cases, 77 (55.4 %) were male and 62 (44.6 %) were female. Mean age of our study cases was 45.50 ± 10.81 years. Mean duration of disease (liver cirrhosis) was 3.25 ± 2.32 years. Majority of our study cases i.e. 94 (67.6%) were having liver cirrhosis for the duration of less than 5 years. Child-Pugh class C was more prevalent i.e. 77 (55.4%) of our study cases. Variceal bleeding was observed in 100 (71.9 %) of our study cases. Frequency of diabetes in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleed was 47 (33.81%) and mortality in these diabetics was 26 (55.31%) (p = 0.001). Conclusion; Diabetes was found to be significantly associated with mortality in cirrhotic patients presenting with variceal bleeding. Healthcare professionals should anticipate adverse outcomes in diabetic patients of liver cirrhosis presenting with variceal bleeding and should educate them regarding glycemic control at early stages of diagnosis. Keywords; Liver Cirrhosis, Variceal bleeding, Mortality. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/58-01 Publication date : August 31 st 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76190851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rukhsar Shaheen, Muhammad Mudasir Husnain, M. Khattak
Background; Twin pregnancies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) pose a high risk to mothers and newborns due to inherent biological risks and scarcity of health resources which translate into insufficient care during pregnancy and delivery. Due to inherent biological factors, twin pregnancies have increased rates of obstetric and perinatal complications such as preeclampsia, post-partum haemorrhage and preterm birth, which are known risk factors for maternal and perinatal mortality. Objective; To determine the frequency of adverse fetomaternal outcome in twin pregnancy in women of advanced age. Material and methods: A total of 181 patients with dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy on ultrasound having gestational age more than 24 weeks were taken in this cross-sectional study. Demographic information of patients (name, age, weight) was taken. Informed consent was taken from each patient, ensuring confidentiality and fact that there is no risk involved to the patient while taking part in this study. An obstetrical ultrasonography was done to confirm twin pregnancy. Blood samples were taken from all patients for assessment of anemia. Patients were followed up until pregnancy outcome. Results; Mean age of these study cases was noted to be 34.35 ± 2.41 years. Mean gestational age of our study cases was 34.67 ± 2.25 weeks. Mean BMI of our study cases was noted to be 22.45 ± 1.67 kg/m 2 (with minimum BMI was 19.4 kg/m 2 and maximum BMI was 32 kg/m 2 ) and obesity was present in 27 (14.9 %) of our study cases. Of these 181 study cases, 126 (69.6%) delivered vaginally while 55 (30.4%) had to undergo cesarean section delivery. Mean hemoglobin level was noted to 8.67 ± 1.40 g/dl while anemia was seen in 126 (69.6%) of these study cases. Preterm labor was observed in 144 (79.6%), abruptio placentae in 19 (10.5%) and low birth weight in 123 (68 %) of our study cases. Conclusion; Twin pregnancy is associated with high risk of perinatal and pregnancy outcomes. There was higher frequency of anemia, cesarean section deliveries, preterm births and low birth weight babies in our study. There is a need for specialised prenatal care to reduce complications and adverse outcome in multiple pregnancies, and the need for ongoing social and medical care beyond the prenatal and perinatal periods to improve perinatal outcomes in these patients. Keywords; Preterm labor, anemia, twin pregnancy. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/58-04 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF ADVERSE PERINATAL OUTCOMES WITH INCREASING AGE IN TWIN PREGNANCIES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.","authors":"Rukhsar Shaheen, Muhammad Mudasir Husnain, M. Khattak","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/58-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/58-04","url":null,"abstract":"Background; Twin pregnancies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) pose a high risk to mothers and newborns due to inherent biological risks and scarcity of health resources which translate into insufficient care during pregnancy and delivery. Due to inherent biological factors, twin pregnancies have increased rates of obstetric and perinatal complications such as preeclampsia, post-partum haemorrhage and preterm birth, which are known risk factors for maternal and perinatal mortality. Objective; To determine the frequency of adverse fetomaternal outcome in twin pregnancy in women of advanced age. Material and methods: A total of 181 patients with dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy on ultrasound having gestational age more than 24 weeks were taken in this cross-sectional study. Demographic information of patients (name, age, weight) was taken. Informed consent was taken from each patient, ensuring confidentiality and fact that there is no risk involved to the patient while taking part in this study. An obstetrical ultrasonography was done to confirm twin pregnancy. Blood samples were taken from all patients for assessment of anemia. Patients were followed up until pregnancy outcome. Results; Mean age of these study cases was noted to be 34.35 ± 2.41 years. Mean gestational age of our study cases was 34.67 ± 2.25 weeks. Mean BMI of our study cases was noted to be 22.45 ± 1.67 kg/m 2 (with minimum BMI was 19.4 kg/m 2 and maximum BMI was 32 kg/m 2 ) and obesity was present in 27 (14.9 %) of our study cases. Of these 181 study cases, 126 (69.6%) delivered vaginally while 55 (30.4%) had to undergo cesarean section delivery. Mean hemoglobin level was noted to 8.67 ± 1.40 g/dl while anemia was seen in 126 (69.6%) of these study cases. Preterm labor was observed in 144 (79.6%), abruptio placentae in 19 (10.5%) and low birth weight in 123 (68 %) of our study cases. Conclusion; Twin pregnancy is associated with high risk of perinatal and pregnancy outcomes. There was higher frequency of anemia, cesarean section deliveries, preterm births and low birth weight babies in our study. There is a need for specialised prenatal care to reduce complications and adverse outcome in multiple pregnancies, and the need for ongoing social and medical care beyond the prenatal and perinatal periods to improve perinatal outcomes in these patients. Keywords; Preterm labor, anemia, twin pregnancy. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/58-04 Publication date : August 31 st 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80223727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farzana Kalsoom, Farah Farhan, Saima Munir, R. Durrani, S. Fareed, K. Khan
Objective: to determine the frequency of lingual nerve injury after the removal of impacted mandibular 3rd molar. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and duration: outdoor patient department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hitec Dental College, Foundation College of Dentistry Peace Gernal Hospital, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry,Multan from January 2018 to January 2019 in one year duration. Results: Study included 335 patients with mean age of 20.86 + 1.95 yrs. Males were 190(56.7%) and females were 145(43.3%).lingual nerve injury was found in 28 patients(8.4%)while it was absent in 307 patients(91.6%).There was no significant effect was found on the frequency of lingual nerve injury for age or gender of the patient population. Conclusion: Lingual nerve injury is a commonly encountered complication among those undergoing extraction of impacted third molar. It should be carefully sought in all the patients undergoing the surgical procedure and improvement in surgical skills and techniques needs to be emphasized to further reduce the incidence and risk of this complication. Keywords: Impacted third molar, Lingual nerve, OPG (orthopantomogram), Dentistry, Mandible. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/57-01 Publication date : July 31 st 2019
{"title":"Frequency of Lingual Nerve Injury after the Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar","authors":"Farzana Kalsoom, Farah Farhan, Saima Munir, R. Durrani, S. Fareed, K. Khan","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/57-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/57-01","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to determine the frequency of lingual nerve injury after the removal of impacted mandibular 3rd molar. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and duration: outdoor patient department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hitec Dental College, Foundation College of Dentistry Peace Gernal Hospital, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry,Multan from January 2018 to January 2019 in one year duration. Results: Study included 335 patients with mean age of 20.86 + 1.95 yrs. Males were 190(56.7%) and females were 145(43.3%).lingual nerve injury was found in 28 patients(8.4%)while it was absent in 307 patients(91.6%).There was no significant effect was found on the frequency of lingual nerve injury for age or gender of the patient population. Conclusion: Lingual nerve injury is a commonly encountered complication among those undergoing extraction of impacted third molar. It should be carefully sought in all the patients undergoing the surgical procedure and improvement in surgical skills and techniques needs to be emphasized to further reduce the incidence and risk of this complication. Keywords: Impacted third molar, Lingual nerve, OPG (orthopantomogram), Dentistry, Mandible. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/57-01 Publication date : July 31 st 2019","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83351749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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