Aleksandra Maja Zalewska, A. Kijek, T. Kijek, A. Matras-Bolibok
The aim of the paper is to measure innovation capital of Polish cities and verify whether its dispersion changed.Data was retrieved from the Local Data Bank provided by Statistics Poland. The sample consists of 18 Polish cities. The research period covers years 2014-2021. The TOPSIS method was applied to build the innovation capital index of cities and sigma convergence of innovation capital was verified.The findings indicate relatively high cross-sectional disparities in the vast majority of the investigated indicators of cities’ innovation capital. The largest disparities were identified for the number of higher education graduates and the new registered enterprises in high-tech services sector. The constructed composite indicator - innovation capital index took the highest average values in the analysed period for Wrocław, Poznań, Kraków, Warszawa, and Lublin, whereas Gorzów Wielkopolski, Zielona Góra, Bydgoszcz, and Białystok achieved the lowest values. The sigma convergence analysis revealed that the differentiation of innovation capital in Polish cities remained at a similar level and there was no convergence in this area.Innovation capital plays a key role in the development of urban economy. Given the complexity of innovation capital, its measurement should comprise a set of indicators reflecting both output and input dimensions. Identification of spatial patterns of innovation capital distribution should enable to adjust smart specialization strategy to territorial characteristics of a given city.
{"title":"Disparities in innovation capital of cities in Poland","authors":"Aleksandra Maja Zalewska, A. Kijek, T. Kijek, A. Matras-Bolibok","doi":"10.13166/jms/176177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176177","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to measure innovation capital of Polish cities and verify whether its dispersion changed.Data was retrieved from the Local Data Bank provided by Statistics Poland. The sample consists of 18 Polish cities. The research period covers years 2014-2021. The TOPSIS method was applied to build the innovation capital index of cities and sigma convergence of innovation capital was verified.The findings indicate relatively high cross-sectional disparities in the vast majority of the investigated indicators of cities’ innovation capital. The largest disparities were identified for the number of higher education graduates and the new registered enterprises in high-tech services sector. The constructed composite indicator - innovation capital index took the highest average values in the analysed period for Wrocław, Poznań, Kraków, Warszawa, and Lublin, whereas Gorzów Wielkopolski, Zielona Góra, Bydgoszcz, and Białystok achieved the lowest values. The sigma convergence analysis revealed that the differentiation of innovation capital in Polish cities remained at a similar level and there was no convergence in this area.Innovation capital plays a key role in the development of urban economy. Given the complexity of innovation capital, its measurement should comprise a set of indicators reflecting both output and input dimensions. Identification of spatial patterns of innovation capital distribution should enable to adjust smart specialization strategy to territorial characteristics of a given city.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138963560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celem artykułu jest analiza wybranych czynników wpływających na inwestycje w nieruchomości w Polsce w kontekście zarządzania finansami osobistymi. W rozważaniach omówiono przyjęte zasady prowadzenia badań, w tym plan badań i metodologię badań.Zaobserwowana różnorodność decyzji inwestycyjnych na rynku nieruchomości wymagała przeprowadzenia badania. Zmiennymi objaśniającymi były poziom wykształcenia, aktualny stan posiadania nieruchomości oraz poziom dochodów. Badania ilościowe przeprowadzono na grupie 1000 respondentów metodą wywiadu osobistego wspomaganego komputerowo oraz wywiadu internetowego wspomaganego komputerowo. W badaniu wykorzystano metodę Likerta. Do zbadania zależności pomiędzy przyjętymi zmiennymi objaśniającymi a gotowością do inwestowania w nieruchomości w Polsce wykorzystano test niezależności Pearsona.Badanie wykazało związek pomiędzy zmiennymi objaśniającymi a zmienną objaśniającą. Oznacza to, że chętniej inwestują osoby z wyższym wykształceniem, osoby posiadające już nieruchomość oraz osoby o wyższych dochodachWyniki badania wskazują deweloperom grupy docelowe na polskim rynku nieruchomości i mogą być przez nich praktycznie wykorzystywane. Gotowość polskiego społeczeństwa do inwestowania w nieruchomości, wyjaśniana zastosowanymi czynnikami, pozwoli zrozumieć zachowania poszczególnych grup społecznych, zwłaszcza w okresie pokryzysowym.
{"title":"Real estate investments as a form of personal finance management in Poland","authors":"Aleksandra Maja Zalewska, Tadeusz Zienkiewicz","doi":"10.13166/jms/176185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176185","url":null,"abstract":"Celem artykułu jest analiza wybranych czynników wpływających na inwestycje w nieruchomości w Polsce w kontekście zarządzania finansami osobistymi. W rozważaniach omówiono przyjęte zasady prowadzenia badań, w tym plan badań i metodologię badań.Zaobserwowana różnorodność decyzji inwestycyjnych na rynku nieruchomości wymagała przeprowadzenia badania. Zmiennymi objaśniającymi były poziom wykształcenia, aktualny stan posiadania nieruchomości oraz poziom dochodów. Badania ilościowe przeprowadzono na grupie 1000 respondentów metodą wywiadu osobistego wspomaganego komputerowo oraz wywiadu internetowego wspomaganego komputerowo. W badaniu wykorzystano metodę Likerta. Do zbadania zależności pomiędzy przyjętymi zmiennymi objaśniającymi a gotowością do inwestowania w nieruchomości w Polsce wykorzystano test niezależności Pearsona.Badanie wykazało związek pomiędzy zmiennymi objaśniającymi a zmienną objaśniającą. Oznacza to, że chętniej inwestują osoby z wyższym wykształceniem, osoby posiadające już nieruchomość oraz osoby o wyższych dochodachWyniki badania wskazują deweloperom grupy docelowe na polskim rynku nieruchomości i mogą być przez nich praktycznie wykorzystywane. Gotowość polskiego społeczeństwa do inwestowania w nieruchomości, wyjaśniana zastosowanymi czynnikami, pozwoli zrozumieć zachowania poszczególnych grup społecznych, zwłaszcza w okresie pokryzysowym.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138964328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylwia Skrzypek-Ahmed, Lyubomir Antonov, M. Maciaszczyk, Krystyna Kmiotek
The issue of international trade is undoubtedly one of the most important foundations of the contemporary processes of internationalization and globalization. However, before they appeared, other events had to take place, the cumulative effects of which led to the formation of today's structure of the world economy understood as a specific system of connections between the main actors of international economic relations, i.e. international organizations, states and enterprises/corporations. It is worth, therefore, before proceeding with the analysis of current problems, to make a synthetic indication of the most important issues from modern economic history relating to the issues of international trade. Man as a farming being, motivated to act by his needs, constantly strives to satisfy them. Streszczenie Problematyka handlu międzynarodowego jest jednym z najważniejszych fundamentów współczesnych procesów internacjonalizacji i globalizacji gospodarki światowej. Zanim jednak one się pojawiły, musiały nastąpić inne zdarzenia, których skumulowane skutki doprowadziły do ukształtowania się dzisiejszej struktury gospodarki światowej rozumianej jako specyficzny system powiązań pomiędzy głównymi aktorami międzynarodowych stosunków gospodarczych, tj. organizacjami międzynarodowymi, państwami oraz korporacjami. Warto zatem syntetycznego wskazania najważniejszych zagadnień współczesnej historii gospodarczej, odnoszących się do problematyki handlu międzynarodowego. W artykule wykorzystano analityczne i syntetyczne metody badawcze.
{"title":"Economic conditions of international entrepreneurship - globalization and global business","authors":"Sylwia Skrzypek-Ahmed, Lyubomir Antonov, M. Maciaszczyk, Krystyna Kmiotek","doi":"10.13166/jms/176398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176398","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of international trade is undoubtedly one of the most important foundations of the contemporary processes of internationalization and globalization. However, before they appeared, other events had to take place, the cumulative effects of which led to the formation of today's structure of the world economy understood as a specific system of connections between the main actors of international economic relations, i.e. international organizations, states and enterprises/corporations. It is worth, therefore, before proceeding with the analysis of current problems, to make a synthetic indication of the most important issues from modern economic history relating to the issues of international trade. Man as a farming being, motivated to act by his needs, constantly strives to satisfy them. Streszczenie Problematyka handlu międzynarodowego jest jednym z najważniejszych fundamentów współczesnych procesów internacjonalizacji i globalizacji gospodarki światowej. Zanim jednak one się pojawiły, musiały nastąpić inne zdarzenia, których skumulowane skutki doprowadziły do ukształtowania się dzisiejszej struktury gospodarki światowej rozumianej jako specyficzny system powiązań pomiędzy głównymi aktorami międzynarodowych stosunków gospodarczych, tj. organizacjami międzynarodowymi, państwami oraz korporacjami. Warto zatem syntetycznego wskazania najważniejszych zagadnień współczesnej historii gospodarczej, odnoszących się do problematyki handlu międzynarodowego. W artykule wykorzystano analityczne i syntetyczne metody badawcze.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janusz Gudowski, Izabella Łęcka, A. Dłużewska, Aleksandra Szejniuk, Agnieszka Sulimierska
Abstract Globalization of an enterprise is a multi-threaded and complex phenomenon, which is why there are many definitions of this concept. Most authors use it to refer to three elements: worldwide reach; worldwide homogeneity; global integration - a category of dependence and tightening international connections, means an enterprise that clearly feels the effects of events taking place in other countries, as opposed to the local market, where the foreign situation has a negligible impact on the price level, competition dynamics, demand and current fashions. Internationalization and globalization require companies to use different strategies, which depend on the company's structure, form of business, and geographical structure. However, it seems that these processes encourage enterprises to choose an operating strategy based more often on mergers, acquisitions and building strategic alliances with competitors, i.e. choosing an external path of growth and development.
{"title":"Internationalization as a change of the company's socio-economic environment","authors":"Janusz Gudowski, Izabella Łęcka, A. Dłużewska, Aleksandra Szejniuk, Agnieszka Sulimierska","doi":"10.13166/jms/176400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176400","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Globalization of an enterprise is a multi-threaded and complex phenomenon, which is why there are many definitions of this concept. Most authors use it to refer to three elements: worldwide reach; worldwide homogeneity; global integration - a category of dependence and tightening international connections, means an enterprise that clearly feels the effects of events taking place in other countries, as opposed to the local market, where the foreign situation has a negligible impact on the price level, competition dynamics, demand and current fashions. Internationalization and globalization require companies to use different strategies, which depend on the company's structure, form of business, and geographical structure. However, it seems that these processes encourage enterprises to choose an operating strategy based more often on mergers, acquisitions and building strategic alliances with competitors, i.e. choosing an external path of growth and development.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylwia Skrzypek- Ahmed, Sylwester Bogacki, Adam Halemba, Marta Sokół
Public financial management is of the most global and complex nature. At this level, decisions are made that determine everything related to the collection and spending of public funds. However, we must be aware that at this level there are the greatest political entanglements, which are subject to transformation and are inextricably accompanied by changes in government teams and cooperating party coalitions. This causes general recommendations to be formulated on how to manage public funds. Discussions are held in the government or parliament forum focused on finding ways to reduce expenses. Another direction of political debates leads to a turn towards public revenues. This is expressed, for example, by striving to reduce the tax burden. The attention is therefore focused on two sides of the financial economy, i.e. on the processes of collecting and spending public funds.Induction was used as the main research method. It involves drawing general conclusions or establishing regularities based on the analysis of empirically identified phenomena and processes.Maintaining the stability of public finances may turn out to be one of the greatest challenges of Polish economic policy in the next few years.The rate of fiscalism in Poland is lower than the average in the EU. Public revenues in Poland are characterized by a high share of social security contributions. The ratio of tax and contribution income to the potential tax base in Poland is relatively low in the case of consumption and comparable to other EU countries in the case of work. Between 2004 and 2014, the share of spending on social transfers in GDP in Poland decreased by 1.8 points. percent. which was the largest decline among all EU countries.
公共财政管理具有最全面和最复杂的性质。在这一层面做出的决定决定着与公共资金的筹集和支出有关的一切。然而，我们必须意识到，在这一层面存在着最大的政治纠葛，这些纠葛会随着政府团队和合作党派联盟的变化而变化，且不可避免。这就需要就如何管理公共资金提出一般性建议。在政府或议会论坛上，讨论的重点是如何减少开支。政治辩论的另一个方向是转向公共收入。例如，这表现为努力减轻税收负担。因此，注意力集中在财政经济的两个方面，即公共资金的征收和支出过程。归纳法是一种主要的研究方法，它是指在分析经验中发现的现象和过程的基础上，得出一般性结论或建立规律性。波兰公共收入的特点是社会保障缴款所占比例较高。波兰的税收和缴费收入占潜在税基的比例在消费方面相对较低，而在工作方面则与其他欧盟国家相当。2004 年至 2014 年间，波兰社会转移支出占 GDP 的比例下降了 1.8 个百分点，是所有欧盟国家中降幅最大的国家。
{"title":"Directions for rationalisation of the public finance system in the event of the covid-19 crisis","authors":"Sylwia Skrzypek- Ahmed, Sylwester Bogacki, Adam Halemba, Marta Sokół","doi":"10.13166/jms/176484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176484","url":null,"abstract":"Public financial management is of the most global and complex nature. At this level, decisions are made that determine everything related to the collection and spending of public funds. However, we must be aware that at this level there are the greatest political entanglements, which are subject to transformation and are inextricably accompanied by changes in government teams and cooperating party coalitions. This causes general recommendations to be formulated on how to manage public funds. Discussions are held in the government or parliament forum focused on finding ways to reduce expenses. Another direction of political debates leads to a turn towards public revenues. This is expressed, for example, by striving to reduce the tax burden. The attention is therefore focused on two sides of the financial economy, i.e. on the processes of collecting and spending public funds.Induction was used as the main research method. It involves drawing general conclusions or establishing regularities based on the analysis of empirically identified phenomena and processes.Maintaining the stability of public finances may turn out to be one of the greatest challenges of Polish economic policy in the next few years.The rate of fiscalism in Poland is lower than the average in the EU. Public revenues in Poland are characterized by a high share of social security contributions. The ratio of tax and contribution income to the potential tax base in Poland is relatively low in the case of consumption and comparable to other EU countries in the case of work. Between 2004 and 2014, the share of spending on social transfers in GDP in Poland decreased by 1.8 points. percent. which was the largest decline among all EU countries.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138963654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu lidera inkluzywnego na kreowanie zespołu pracowników oraz wykazanie korzyści ze stworzenia inkluzywnego środowiska pracy. Zespoły kierowane przez lidera inkluzywnego charakteryzują się specyficznymi cechami, które mogą w pozytywny sposób wpłynąć na jakość ich pracy i tym samym sposób funkcjonowania organizacji.W artykule wykorzystano globalne badania dotyczące inkluzywności w organizacjach, pt.: „Building a True Culture of Inlusion”. Badania zostały opracowane przez agencję Kincentric. W procesie badawczym, autor wykorzystał metodę analizy literaturowej tematu i słów kluczowych oraz analizy badań wtórnych, a także opracował wnioski końcowe.Wyniki badań pozwalają zidentyfikować korzyści związane z funkcjonowaniem lidera inkluzywnego w organizacji. Szereg rozpoznanych zalet z zastosowania inkluzji w przedsiębiorstwie pozwala stwierdzić, że zespoły funkcjonujące w inkluzywnym środowisku pracy są bardziej zaangażowane, zespolone i skuteczniejsze w swoich działaniach od innych zespołów.Otoczenie w dzisiejszej rzeczywistości jest bardzo zróżnicowane, głównie ze względu na usprawnioną migrację ludności. Wymusza to na organizacjach i ich liderach coraz to większą zdolność do zarządzania różnorodnością w celu tworzenia skutecznych zespołów pracowniczych. Rozwiązaniem tego problemu może być wdrożenie w przedsiębiorstwie lidera inkluzywnego. Inkluzywność to cecha określająca osobę, która odnajduje się w wielu grupach społecznych i potrafi jednoczyć przedstawicieli poszczególnych grup.
{"title":"The inclusive leader and his role in creating employee teams","authors":"Paweł Bańkowski","doi":"10.13166/jms/176170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176170","url":null,"abstract":"Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu lidera inkluzywnego na kreowanie zespołu pracowników oraz wykazanie korzyści ze stworzenia inkluzywnego środowiska pracy. Zespoły kierowane przez lidera inkluzywnego charakteryzują się specyficznymi cechami, które mogą w pozytywny sposób wpłynąć na jakość ich pracy i tym samym sposób funkcjonowania organizacji.W artykule wykorzystano globalne badania dotyczące inkluzywności w organizacjach, pt.: „Building a True Culture of Inlusion”. Badania zostały opracowane przez agencję Kincentric. W procesie badawczym, autor wykorzystał metodę analizy literaturowej tematu i słów kluczowych oraz analizy badań wtórnych, a także opracował wnioski końcowe.Wyniki badań pozwalają zidentyfikować korzyści związane z funkcjonowaniem lidera inkluzywnego w organizacji. Szereg rozpoznanych zalet z zastosowania inkluzji w przedsiębiorstwie pozwala stwierdzić, że zespoły funkcjonujące w inkluzywnym środowisku pracy są bardziej zaangażowane, zespolone i skuteczniejsze w swoich działaniach od innych zespołów.Otoczenie w dzisiejszej rzeczywistości jest bardzo zróżnicowane, głównie ze względu na usprawnioną migrację ludności. Wymusza to na organizacjach i ich liderach coraz to większą zdolność do zarządzania różnorodnością w celu tworzenia skutecznych zespołów pracowniczych. Rozwiązaniem tego problemu może być wdrożenie w przedsiębiorstwie lidera inkluzywnego. Inkluzywność to cecha określająca osobę, która odnajduje się w wielu grupach społecznych i potrafi jednoczyć przedstawicieli poszczególnych grup.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The digital transformation is radically changing and will continue to change the work environment and culture. Solutions such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data and data analytics, cloud computing, conversational systems, robotics as well as virtual and augmented reality have revolutionized the way we work and the needs and requirements of employees. Completely new goals for work, tasks, and workspace emerge, as well as new challenges to organization, qualifications, employment, and leadership. There are also numerous threats related to the protection of personal data, digital identity management, and cybersecurity, but also in the area of physical and mental health protection against threats resulting from the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). How do “digital natives” deal with these challenges? The study analyses how students perceive the place of digital competencies in the context of the competencies of the future and how they evaluate their own digital competencies.The authors conducted a questionnaire survey among students (n = 755) of various faculties, forms of study, and with various professional experience.As the results show, students see the importance of digital competencies, but they rate their own competencies relatively low in this area.Based on the results of the research, recommendations were formulated regarding the shaping of digital competencies among students at universities.
{"title":"Are digital natives ready to work in a digitally transformed work environment? University students' perspective","authors":"Magdalena Czerwińska, Justyna Berniak‐Woźny, Marlena Plebańska","doi":"10.13166/jms/176179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176179","url":null,"abstract":"The digital transformation is radically changing and will continue to change the work environment and culture. Solutions such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data and data analytics, cloud computing, conversational systems, robotics as well as virtual and augmented reality have revolutionized the way we work and the needs and requirements of employees. Completely new goals for work, tasks, and workspace emerge, as well as new challenges to organization, qualifications, employment, and leadership. There are also numerous threats related to the protection of personal data, digital identity management, and cybersecurity, but also in the area of physical and mental health protection against threats resulting from the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). How do “digital natives” deal with these challenges? The study analyses how students perceive the place of digital competencies in the context of the competencies of the future and how they evaluate their own digital competencies.The authors conducted a questionnaire survey among students (n = 755) of various faculties, forms of study, and with various professional experience.As the results show, students see the importance of digital competencies, but they rate their own competencies relatively low in this area.Based on the results of the research, recommendations were formulated regarding the shaping of digital competencies among students at universities.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many research projects, particularly in social science research, depend on clustering survey responses. When analyzing survey data, traditional clustering algorithms have several drawbacks. The ability to analyze survey data more effectively has been made possible by recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The aim of this article is to present a new, AI-based method of clustering survey responses using a Variational Autoencoder (VAE).To determine the effectiveness of grouping, the new VAE clustering method was compared with K-means, PCA and k-means, and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering methods by applying the Silhouette score, the Calinski-Harabasz score, and the Davies-Bouldin score metrics.In the case of the Silhouette Score, the developed VAE method obtained a 69% higher average effectiveness of clustering survey responses than the others. For the Calinski-Harabasz Score and the Davies-Bouldin Score, respectively, the VAE method outperformed the other methods by 164% and 111%, respectively.The VAE method allowed for the most effective grouping of responses given by respondents. It has made it possible to capture complex relationships and patterns in the data. In addition, the method is suitable for analyzing different types of survey data (continuous, categorical, and mixed data) and is resistant to noise and missing data.
{"title":"A new AI-based method for clustering survey responses","authors":"J. Laskowski, Paweł Tomiło","doi":"10.13166/jms/176171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176171","url":null,"abstract":"Many research projects, particularly in social science research, depend on clustering survey responses. When analyzing survey data, traditional clustering algorithms have several drawbacks. The ability to analyze survey data more effectively has been made possible by recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The aim of this article is to present a new, AI-based method of clustering survey responses using a Variational Autoencoder (VAE).To determine the effectiveness of grouping, the new VAE clustering method was compared with K-means, PCA and k-means, and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering methods by applying the Silhouette score, the Calinski-Harabasz score, and the Davies-Bouldin score metrics.In the case of the Silhouette Score, the developed VAE method obtained a 69% higher average effectiveness of clustering survey responses than the others. For the Calinski-Harabasz Score and the Davies-Bouldin Score, respectively, the VAE method outperformed the other methods by 164% and 111%, respectively.The VAE method allowed for the most effective grouping of responses given by respondents. It has made it possible to capture complex relationships and patterns in the data. In addition, the method is suitable for analyzing different types of survey data (continuous, categorical, and mixed data) and is resistant to noise and missing data.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose of the following text is to compare three production systems,: Toyota Production System, World Class Manufacturing and Nissan Production Way. For it purpose, a comparative study was carried out based on three categories: system, design, popularity and versatility. For each of the comparison categories, a method was adjusted. System design: comparison of assumptions and system construction schemes according to the authors of a given solution. Popularity: analysis of search engine results from Google, Google Scholar, Bing and Yahoo! obtained from searches for the phrases "Toyota Production System," "World Class Manufacturing" and "Nissan Production Way". Versality: case studies of system implementations by other organisations than authoring automotive corporations. As a result of the comparison, it can be seen that the most complex and elaborate system is WCM, which has a multi-element structure as well as predetermined levels of sophistication. Relatively the simplest of the compared solutions turned out to be NPW. In the case of popularity, the leader is TPS in Google’s search engines, WCM in Bing and Yahoo!, while the least popular solution in the Internet’s space is the system by Nissan Motor Corporation. The versatility category indicates that the TPS and WCM systems have similar implementation capabilities, while NPW turns out to be a specific and exclusive solution for the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance and has no external implementations. The results provide an overall picture of the situation regarding production systems in the automotive industry and can provide a starting point for more advanced analysis of existing solutions and allow the design of other systems.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of production systems in the automotive industry","authors":"R. Piątek","doi":"10.13166/jms/176183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176183","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the following text is to compare three production systems,: Toyota Production System, World Class Manufacturing and Nissan Production Way. For it purpose, a comparative study was carried out based on three categories: system, design, popularity and versatility. For each of the comparison categories, a method was adjusted. System design: comparison of assumptions and system construction schemes according to the authors of a given solution. Popularity: analysis of search engine results from Google, Google Scholar, Bing and Yahoo! obtained from searches for the phrases \"Toyota Production System,\" \"World Class Manufacturing\" and \"Nissan Production Way\". Versality: case studies of system implementations by other organisations than authoring automotive corporations.\u0000As a result of the comparison, it can be seen that the most complex and elaborate system is WCM, which has a multi-element structure as well as predetermined levels of sophistication. Relatively the simplest of the compared solutions turned out to be NPW. In the case of popularity, the leader is TPS in Google’s search engines, WCM in Bing and Yahoo!, while the least popular solution in the Internet’s space is the system by Nissan Motor Corporation. The versatility category indicates that the TPS and WCM systems have similar implementation capabilities, while NPW turns out to be a specific and exclusive solution for the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance and has no external implementations.\u0000The results provide an overall picture of the situation regarding production systems in the automotive industry and can provide a starting point for more advanced analysis of existing solutions and allow the design of other systems.","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract From the subjective point of view, public finances can be divided into central and local government. Local government finances are local and regional finances. However, a question arises whether, when considering the areas of public funds management and wanting to indicate their specificity, this branch is sufficient. It seems that it is not, because it is important to take into account institutional and content-related criteria. From the point of view of these criteria, it should be pointed out that the most important institution of public finances is the budget of both the state and local government units. On the other hand, in the substantive area, the most important phenomena from the point of view of their effects, such as the budget deficit and the State Treasury debt, should be mentioned. Keywords: new public management, public administration, efficiency, rationality, process economisation
{"title":"NPM and public financial management - directions of rationalization (selected economic aspects)","authors":"Wińczysław Jastrzębski, Adrian Majek, Kamila Ćwik","doi":"10.13166/jms/176486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/176486","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract From the subjective point of view, public finances can be divided into central and local government. Local government finances are local and regional finances. However, a question arises whether, when considering the areas of public funds management and wanting to indicate their specificity, this branch is sufficient. It seems that it is not, because it is important to take into account institutional and content-related criteria. From the point of view of these criteria, it should be pointed out that the most important institution of public finances is the budget of both the state and local government units. On the other hand, in the substantive area, the most important phenomena from the point of view of their effects, such as the budget deficit and the State Treasury debt, should be mentioned. Keywords: new public management, public administration, efficiency, rationality, process economisation","PeriodicalId":16359,"journal":{"name":"Journal of modern science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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