Pub Date : 2016-11-28DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316500027
A. Hobiny, I. Abbas
In this work, the influence of fractional-order derivative with two relaxation times in a thermoelastic medium under laser pulse is established. The surface of the half-space with free stresses is considered to be heated by a laser pulse. The exact analytical solution is adopted for the variations of temperature as well as the components of displacement and stress. Based on the eigenvalues approach and Laplace transform, the solutions of all variables have been obtained analytically. The results were graphically represented to show the effect of laser pulse in order to display the physical meaning of the phenomena. The graphical results indicate that the influence of fractional-order parameter plays an important role on all distributions.
{"title":"Fractional-Order Generalized Thermoelastic Interaction in an Unbounded Media by Pulsed Laser Heating","authors":"A. Hobiny, I. Abbas","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316500027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316500027","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the influence of fractional-order derivative with two relaxation times in a thermoelastic medium under laser pulse is established. The surface of the half-space with free stresses is considered to be heated by a laser pulse. The exact analytical solution is adopted for the variations of temperature as well as the components of displacement and stress. Based on the eigenvalues approach and Laplace transform, the solutions of all variables have been obtained analytically. The results were graphically represented to show the effect of laser pulse in order to display the physical meaning of the phenomena. The graphical results indicate that the influence of fractional-order parameter plays an important role on all distributions.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1650002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316500027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400165
Zhenfeng Wang
{"title":"Fabrication Techniques for Production of Thermoplastic-Based Microfluidics Devices","authors":"Zhenfeng Wang","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400116
D. Goh, K. Kong, Perumal Jayakumar, Tianxun Gong, U. Dinish, M. Olivo
We report a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) ratiometry method based on peak intensity coupled in a nano-stress sensing platform to detect and quantify biological molecules. Herein, we em...
{"title":"Quantification of Protein Biomarker Using SERS Nano-Stress Sensing with Peak Intensity Ratiometry","authors":"D. Goh, K. Kong, Perumal Jayakumar, Tianxun Gong, U. Dinish, M. Olivo","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400116","url":null,"abstract":"We report a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) ratiometry method based on peak intensity coupled in a nano-stress sensing platform to detect and quantify biological molecules. Herein, we em...","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400128
Khin Moh Moh Aung, M. Lim, Shuzhen Hong, E. Cheung, X. Su
{"title":"Determination of DNA Binding Behavior of FoxA1 Constructs Using a Gold Nanoparticle-Based High Throughput Assay","authors":"Khin Moh Moh Aung, M. Lim, Shuzhen Hong, E. Cheung, X. Su","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400074
Nan Zhang, Lin Wu, P. Bai, J. Teng, W. Knoll, Xiaodong Zhou
Gap tunable gold nanoslit arrays were fabricated by interference lithography and investigated numerically to understand the impact of fabrication errors on plasmonic responses. To fabricate the gap tunable gold nanoslit arrays, photoresist nanoslit arrays on quartz substrate were first formed by laser interference, and then converted to gold nanoslit array on glass substrate by perpendicular gold deposition and photoresist lift-off. Because the photoresist nanoslit has a sinusoidal profile due to the laser light interference lithography, different photoresist development time from 20s to 30s can tune the photoresist width from 100nm to 70nm, thus allows the gap-width-tuned metallic nanoslits to be attained accordingly. The optical properties of the fabricated gold nanoslit arrays were investigated experimentally and theoretically by studying the absorption in the transmission spectra. Within the wavelength range of 400nm to 860nm, the nanoslit in air has two prominent absorption peaks at 500nm and 670nm. It is found that a simulation model with gold nanoslit fabrication errors such as size variation, chromium adhesive layer and gold residue in nanoslit gaps considered can better match the simulation peaks with the experiments. The simulation of the gold nanoslit array in air indicates that the 500nm peak includes the interband transition and surface plasmon polariton (SPP) at air-gold surface, and the other peak at 670nm is SPP at glass side. The two SPP peaks are both sensitive to the refractive index of surrounding solution, with sensitivities of the two peaks demonstrated to be 267nm/RIU and 111nm/RIU in experiments, and 462nm/RIU and 180nm/RIU by simulation. The lower sensitivity detected by experiments might be due to some air bubbles in the flow cell reducing the effective refractive index around the nanoslit. The shorter wavelength SPP mode is 2.4 (in experiments) or 2.6 times (by simulation) more sensitive than the long wavelength SPP mode because its plasmonic field concentrates on water-gold surface. The plasmonic responses we simulated with fabrication errors explained our experimental investigations, and deepened our understanding on the application of the gold nanoslit array for refractive index-based biosensing.
{"title":"Plasmonic Responses in Metal Nanoslit Array Fabricated by Interference Lithography","authors":"Nan Zhang, Lin Wu, P. Bai, J. Teng, W. Knoll, Xiaodong Zhou","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400074","url":null,"abstract":"Gap tunable gold nanoslit arrays were fabricated by interference lithography and investigated numerically to understand the impact of fabrication errors on plasmonic responses. To fabricate the gap tunable gold nanoslit arrays, photoresist nanoslit arrays on quartz substrate were first formed by laser interference, and then converted to gold nanoslit array on glass substrate by perpendicular gold deposition and photoresist lift-off. Because the photoresist nanoslit has a sinusoidal profile due to the laser light interference lithography, different photoresist development time from 20s to 30s can tune the photoresist width from 100nm to 70nm, thus allows the gap-width-tuned metallic nanoslits to be attained accordingly. The optical properties of the fabricated gold nanoslit arrays were investigated experimentally and theoretically by studying the absorption in the transmission spectra. Within the wavelength range of 400nm to 860nm, the nanoslit in air has two prominent absorption peaks at 500nm and 670nm. It is found that a simulation model with gold nanoslit fabrication errors such as size variation, chromium adhesive layer and gold residue in nanoslit gaps considered can better match the simulation peaks with the experiments. The simulation of the gold nanoslit array in air indicates that the 500nm peak includes the interband transition and surface plasmon polariton (SPP) at air-gold surface, and the other peak at 670nm is SPP at glass side. The two SPP peaks are both sensitive to the refractive index of surrounding solution, with sensitivities of the two peaks demonstrated to be 267nm/RIU and 111nm/RIU in experiments, and 462nm/RIU and 180nm/RIU by simulation. The lower sensitivity detected by experiments might be due to some air bubbles in the flow cell reducing the effective refractive index around the nanoslit. The shorter wavelength SPP mode is 2.4 (in experiments) or 2.6 times (by simulation) more sensitive than the long wavelength SPP mode because its plasmonic field concentrates on water-gold surface. The plasmonic responses we simulated with fabrication errors explained our experimental investigations, and deepened our understanding on the application of the gold nanoslit array for refractive index-based biosensing.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"123 1","pages":"1640007"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400086
H. Song, X. Su
In a classic mode of estrogen action, estrogen receptors (ERs) bind to estrogen responsive element (ERE) to activate gene transcription. A perfect ERE contains a 13-base pair sequence of a palindromic repeat separated by a three-base spacer, 5′-GGTCAnnnTGACC-3′. In addition to the consensus or wild-type ERE (wtERE), naturally occurring EREs often have one or two base pairs’ alternation. Based on the newly constructed Thermodynamic Modeling of ChIP-seq (TherMos) model, binding energy between ERβ and a series of 34-bp mutant EREs (mutERE) was simulated to predict the binding affinity between ERs and EREs with single base pair deviation at different sites of the 13-bp inverted sequence. Experimentally, dual polarization interferometry (DPI) method was developed to measure ERβ–mutEREs binding affinity. On a biotin-NeutrAvidin (NA)-biotin treated DPI chip, wtERE is immobilized. In a direct binding assay, ERβ–wtERE binding affinity is determined. In a competition assay, ERβ was preincubated with mutant EREs before being added for competitive binding to the immobilized wtERE. This competition strategy provided a successful platform to evaluate the binding affinity variation among large number of ERE with different base mutations. The experimental result correlates well with the mathematically predicted binding energy with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.97.
{"title":"Determining ERβ Binding Affinity to Singly Mutant ERE Using Dual Polarization Interferometry","authors":"H. Song, X. Su","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400086","url":null,"abstract":"In a classic mode of estrogen action, estrogen receptors (ERs) bind to estrogen responsive element (ERE) to activate gene transcription. A perfect ERE contains a 13-base pair sequence of a palindromic repeat separated by a three-base spacer, 5′-GGTCAnnnTGACC-3′. In addition to the consensus or wild-type ERE (wtERE), naturally occurring EREs often have one or two base pairs’ alternation. Based on the newly constructed Thermodynamic Modeling of ChIP-seq (TherMos) model, binding energy between ERβ and a series of 34-bp mutant EREs (mutERE) was simulated to predict the binding affinity between ERs and EREs with single base pair deviation at different sites of the 13-bp inverted sequence. Experimentally, dual polarization interferometry (DPI) method was developed to measure ERβ–mutEREs binding affinity. On a biotin-NeutrAvidin (NA)-biotin treated DPI chip, wtERE is immobilized. In a direct binding assay, ERβ–wtERE binding affinity is determined. In a competition assay, ERβ was preincubated with mutant EREs before being added for competitive binding to the immobilized wtERE. This competition strategy provided a successful platform to evaluate the binding affinity variation among large number of ERE with different base mutations. The experimental result correlates well with the mathematically predicted binding energy with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.97.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400098
K. Tawa, M. Sumiya, M. Toma, Chisato Sasakawa, T. Sujino, Tatsuki Miyaki, H. Nakazawa, M. Umetsu
Interleukin-6, a cytokine relating inflammatory and autoimmune activity, was detected with three fluorescence assays using a plasmonic chip. In their assays, the way of surface modification, sample volume, incubation time and mixing solution, were found to influence the detection sensitivity. When the assay was revised in the point of a rapid and easy process, the detection sensitivity was not compromised compared to assays with sufficient sample volume and assay time. To suit the purpose of immunosensing, the assay conditions should be determined.
{"title":"Interleukin-6 Detection with a Plasmonic Chip","authors":"K. Tawa, M. Sumiya, M. Toma, Chisato Sasakawa, T. Sujino, Tatsuki Miyaki, H. Nakazawa, M. Umetsu","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400098","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin-6, a cytokine relating inflammatory and autoimmune activity, was detected with three fluorescence assays using a plasmonic chip. In their assays, the way of surface modification, sample volume, incubation time and mixing solution, were found to influence the detection sensitivity. When the assay was revised in the point of a rapid and easy process, the detection sensitivity was not compromised compared to assays with sufficient sample volume and assay time. To suit the purpose of immunosensing, the assay conditions should be determined.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-24DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400037
H. Xu, X. Zheng, Beverly Y. Mok, S. A. Ibrahim, Yong Yu, Y. Tan
Biomolecules are the nanoscale building blocks of cells, which play multifaceted roles in the critical biological processes such as biomineralization in a living organism. In these processes, the biological molecules such as protein and nucleic acids use their exclusive biorecognition properties enabled from their unique chemical composition, shape and function to initiate a cascade of cellular events. The exceptional features of these biomolecules, coupled with the recent advancement in nanotechnology, have led to the emergence of a new research field that focuses on the molecular design of bioinspired nanostructures that inherit the extraordinary function of natural biomaterials. These “bioinspired” nanostructures could be formulated by biomimetic approaches through either self-assembling of biomolecules or acting as a biomolecular template/precursor to direct the synthesis of nanocomposite. In either situation, the resulting nanomaterials exhibit phenomenal biocompatibility, superb aqueous solubility and excellent colloidal stability, branding them exceptionally desirable for both in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications. In this review, we will present the recent developments in the preparation of “bioinspired” nanostructures through biomimetic self-assembly and biotemplating synthesis, as well as highlight their functional properties and potential applications in biomedical diagnostics and therapeutic delivery. Lastly, we will conclude this topic with some personal perspective on the challenges and future outlooks of the “bioinspired” nanostructures for nanomedicine.
{"title":"Molecular Design of Bioinspired Nanostructures for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Functional Properties","authors":"H. Xu, X. Zheng, Beverly Y. Mok, S. A. Ibrahim, Yong Yu, Y. Tan","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400037","url":null,"abstract":"Biomolecules are the nanoscale building blocks of cells, which play multifaceted roles in the critical biological processes such as biomineralization in a living organism. In these processes, the biological molecules such as protein and nucleic acids use their exclusive biorecognition properties enabled from their unique chemical composition, shape and function to initiate a cascade of cellular events. The exceptional features of these biomolecules, coupled with the recent advancement in nanotechnology, have led to the emergence of a new research field that focuses on the molecular design of bioinspired nanostructures that inherit the extraordinary function of natural biomaterials. These “bioinspired” nanostructures could be formulated by biomimetic approaches through either self-assembling of biomolecules or acting as a biomolecular template/precursor to direct the synthesis of nanocomposite. In either situation, the resulting nanomaterials exhibit phenomenal biocompatibility, superb aqueous solubility and excellent colloidal stability, branding them exceptionally desirable for both in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications. In this review, we will present the recent developments in the preparation of “bioinspired” nanostructures through biomimetic self-assembly and biotemplating synthesis, as well as highlight their functional properties and potential applications in biomedical diagnostics and therapeutic delivery. Lastly, we will conclude this topic with some personal perspective on the challenges and future outlooks of the “bioinspired” nanostructures for nanomedicine.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-24DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400025
Y. Kong, Leenaporn Jongpaiboonkit
New regenerative paradigms are needed to address the growing global problem of heart failure as existing interventions are unsatisfactory. Outcomes from the current paradigm of cell transplantation have not been stellar but the mechanistic knowledge learned from them is instructive in the development of future paradigms. An emerging biomaterial-based approach incorporating key mechanisms and additional ones scrutinized from the process of natural heart regeneration in zebrafish may become the next evolution in cardiac repair. We highlight, with examples, tested key concepts and pivotal ones that may be integrated into a successful therapy.
{"title":"Materializing Heart Regeneration: Biomimicry of Key Observations in Cell Transplantation Therapies and Natural Cardiac Regeneration","authors":"Y. Kong, Leenaporn Jongpaiboonkit","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400025","url":null,"abstract":"New regenerative paradigms are needed to address the growing global problem of heart failure as existing interventions are unsatisfactory. Outcomes from the current paradigm of cell transplantation have not been stellar but the mechanistic knowledge learned from them is instructive in the development of future paradigms. An emerging biomaterial-based approach incorporating key mechanisms and additional ones scrutinized from the process of natural heart regeneration in zebrafish may become the next evolution in cardiac repair. We highlight, with examples, tested key concepts and pivotal ones that may be integrated into a successful therapy.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-24DOI: 10.1142/S2251237316400049
Alisha Prasad, Kuldeep Mahato, Pranjal Chandra, Ananya Srivastava, S. N. Joshi, P. Maurya
Evolution-optimized specimens from nature with inimitable properties, and unique structure–function relationships have long served as a source of inspiration for researchers all over the world. For instance, the micro/nanostructured patterns of lotus-leaf and gecko feet helps in self-cleaning, and adhesion, respectively. Such unique properties shown by creatures are results of billions of years of adaptive transformation, that have been mimicked by applying both science and engineering concepts to design bioinspired materials. Various bioinspired composite materials have been developed based on biomimetic principles. This review presents the latest developments in bioinspired materials under various categories with emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
{"title":"Bioinspired Composite Materials: Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutics","authors":"Alisha Prasad, Kuldeep Mahato, Pranjal Chandra, Ananya Srivastava, S. N. Joshi, P. Maurya","doi":"10.1142/S2251237316400049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251237316400049","url":null,"abstract":"Evolution-optimized specimens from nature with inimitable properties, and unique structure–function relationships have long served as a source of inspiration for researchers all over the world. For instance, the micro/nanostructured patterns of lotus-leaf and gecko feet helps in self-cleaning, and adhesion, respectively. Such unique properties shown by creatures are results of billions of years of adaptive transformation, that have been mimicked by applying both science and engineering concepts to design bioinspired materials. Various bioinspired composite materials have been developed based on biomimetic principles. This review presents the latest developments in bioinspired materials under various categories with emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":16406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials","volume":"04 1","pages":"1640004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2016-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S2251237316400049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63850260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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