Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498162
S. Mukherjee
Power integrated circuits (PIC) or smart power circuits, were first developed to address a few electronic applications that were beyond the scope of conventional IC technologies. PICs were first used in replacing existing circuits implemented primarily in discrete form and involving bulky components such as transformers, capacitors etc. As a result of this, the main challenge for PICs remain in the cost of implementation in comparison with their discrete counterpart. To address this, several technologies and high voltage device concepts have been developed. In conjunction with this, new power conversion system concepts are being explored that can allow flexibility and advantages in integrated solutions. Today a large class of applications are emerging, in the low to moderate power levels where power IC or high voltage ICs are expected to provide advantage in size and cost per function. These include, switch mode power supplies, motor controllers, electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps, automotive electronics, display drivers and telecommunication circuits. Some of the key device and technology advances are described along with a few specific applications.
{"title":"Power integrated circuits and their applications in power conversion systems","authors":"S. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498162","url":null,"abstract":"Power integrated circuits (PIC) or smart power circuits, were first developed to address a few electronic applications that were beyond the scope of conventional IC technologies. PICs were first used in replacing existing circuits implemented primarily in discrete form and involving bulky components such as transformers, capacitors etc. As a result of this, the main challenge for PICs remain in the cost of implementation in comparison with their discrete counterpart. To address this, several technologies and high voltage device concepts have been developed. In conjunction with this, new power conversion system concepts are being explored that can allow flexibility and advantages in integrated solutions. Today a large class of applications are emerging, in the low to moderate power levels where power IC or high voltage ICs are expected to provide advantage in size and cost per function. These include, switch mode power supplies, motor controllers, electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps, automotive electronics, display drivers and telecommunication circuits. Some of the key device and technology advances are described along with a few specific applications.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"15 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132398554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498068
M. Soileau
Gives a general discussion of the future photonics applications; such as in laser weapons, optical fibre networks, and domestic house applications as in IR motion detectors, and automatic light switches.
{"title":"Is there a bright future for photonics?","authors":"M. Soileau","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498068","url":null,"abstract":"Gives a general discussion of the future photonics applications; such as in laser weapons, optical fibre networks, and domestic house applications as in IR motion detectors, and automatic light switches.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124460308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498156
R. Zuniga, Y. Alsaka
This paper presents a possible application of the contractivity speech coding techniques. There exist systems developed for recording, storing, and transmitting audio data over a network which like other computer applications, use the client/server model to implement data manipulation, In addition, to enhance productivity, graphic interfaces could improve their usability by adding sound as another channel for conveying information, but due to wideband constrains in the transmission channel, all these new audio protocols require techniques for coding/decoding audio signal in order to achieve compression rates capable of reducing the bandwidth to levels acceptable by the channels. The authors present an overview of a new encoding methodology, linear contractivity speech coding (LCSC), that, when applied to a speech signal, provides one with very high compression rates.
{"title":"Microprocessor based speech encoding technique","authors":"R. Zuniga, Y. Alsaka","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498156","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a possible application of the contractivity speech coding techniques. There exist systems developed for recording, storing, and transmitting audio data over a network which like other computer applications, use the client/server model to implement data manipulation, In addition, to enhance productivity, graphic interfaces could improve their usability by adding sound as another channel for conveying information, but due to wideband constrains in the transmission channel, all these new audio protocols require techniques for coding/decoding audio signal in order to achieve compression rates capable of reducing the bandwidth to levels acceptable by the channels. The authors present an overview of a new encoding methodology, linear contractivity speech coding (LCSC), that, when applied to a speech signal, provides one with very high compression rates.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"632 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116081910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498093
Richard, Hull, Roger W. Johhnson
Genetic algorithms (GAs) offer a numerical search method which does not require a statement of the mathematical relationship between the performance criteria and the parameter update rule. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that GAs provide a method of optimizing control system problems with analytically intractable constraints. A linear missile airframe and actuator state space model is developed, and a reduced order linear feedback controller is implemented. A genetic algorithm is constructed to optimize the controller parameters, first with respect to a weighted linear quadratic performance index. Penalty functions are then developed to introduce performance constraints on the maximum rise time, allowable settling error, and peak actuator effort.
{"title":"Genetic algorithm application to controller optimization problems with non-analytic solutions","authors":"Richard, Hull, Roger W. Johhnson","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498093","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic algorithms (GAs) offer a numerical search method which does not require a statement of the mathematical relationship between the performance criteria and the parameter update rule. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that GAs provide a method of optimizing control system problems with analytically intractable constraints. A linear missile airframe and actuator state space model is developed, and a reduced order linear feedback controller is implemented. A genetic algorithm is constructed to optimize the controller parameters, first with respect to a weighted linear quadratic performance index. Penalty functions are then developed to introduce performance constraints on the maximum rise time, allowable settling error, and peak actuator effort.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128297673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498121
M. Issa
Summary form only given, as follows. It has been recognized since the 1960s that many devices such as metal oxide semiconductors, microprocessors, bipolar devices, operational amplifiers, and even discrete components are susceptible to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Thus, ESD has become a hazard to the electronic industry. This tutorial paper presents the concept of ESD as a special topic in the overall subject of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). It presents the fundamental aspects of ESD and answers questions such as: what is ESD, how is ESD generated, and how is the human body modeled for ESD? This tutorial paper also presents an engineering example to calculate the damaging effects of ESD on electronic components. The experimental demonstration is an integral part of this tutorial paper. The experiment illustrates the following: a) how an electrically conductive surface could be charged to very high voltages when in close proximity to a charged dielectric material; b) how various factors could impact the occurrence of ESD; c) how failure or electrical overstress on electronic components could result.
{"title":"A tutorial and an experimental demonstration of how ESD is generated and its impact on electronic devices","authors":"M. Issa","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498121","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. It has been recognized since the 1960s that many devices such as metal oxide semiconductors, microprocessors, bipolar devices, operational amplifiers, and even discrete components are susceptible to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Thus, ESD has become a hazard to the electronic industry. This tutorial paper presents the concept of ESD as a special topic in the overall subject of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). It presents the fundamental aspects of ESD and answers questions such as: what is ESD, how is ESD generated, and how is the human body modeled for ESD? This tutorial paper also presents an engineering example to calculate the damaging effects of ESD on electronic components. The experimental demonstration is an integral part of this tutorial paper. The experiment illustrates the following: a) how an electrically conductive surface could be charged to very high voltages when in close proximity to a charged dielectric material; b) how various factors could impact the occurrence of ESD; c) how failure or electrical overstress on electronic components could result.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126094294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498072
D. A. Cobb, T. Edwards
Recognizing the underlying motivation in electric car design to conserve energy and the necessity for effective climate control, a technical solution to minimize energy requirements for both air conditioning and heating to extend the range ofan electric vehicle is needed. Currently. available compressor systems are inadequate in efficiency, size and weight. Here, the authors present a solution to this technical problem which optimizes the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning system through a custom-engineered compressor known as the orbital vane compressor, currently being developed. This compressor is a highly efficient anti-friction noncontact sealing rotary vane machine which has fewer moving parts than conventional compressors and operates on a variety of refrigerants, including those that are ozone-safe.
{"title":"Climate control system for electric vehicles","authors":"D. A. Cobb, T. Edwards","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498072","url":null,"abstract":"Recognizing the underlying motivation in electric car design to conserve energy and the necessity for effective climate control, a technical solution to minimize energy requirements for both air conditioning and heating to extend the range ofan electric vehicle is needed. Currently. available compressor systems are inadequate in efficiency, size and weight. Here, the authors present a solution to this technical problem which optimizes the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning system through a custom-engineered compressor known as the orbital vane compressor, currently being developed. This compressor is a highly efficient anti-friction noncontact sealing rotary vane machine which has fewer moving parts than conventional compressors and operates on a variety of refrigerants, including those that are ozone-safe.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124050773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498163
Rui Liu, P. Caldeira, D. Kustera
This paper describes the analysis and design of a multi-output power supply which employs a multi-resonant flyback converter. Due to the multiple resonances, voltage and current waveforms present in the converter are quasi-sine wave. As a result both conducted and radiated EMI associated with high dv/dt and di/dt in conventional PWM TV power supplies are reduced. Analysis of the converter circuit based on the normalized state-plane approach is presented and the design information is derived. A design example as well as computer simulations are presented. A prototype of the multi-resonant flyback converter is implemented and open-loop measurements are presented. This converter topology can be advantageously utilized where low noise performance is required as in power supplies for video, telecommunication or audio equipment. Its main advantages are related to its simple structure and control. Large voltage stresses in the switching transistor and wide range of switching frequency variation are drawbacks of the converter.
{"title":"A LOW NOISE, MULTI-OUTPUT AND MULTI-RESONANT FLYBACK POWER SUPPLY FOR TELEVISION APPLICATION","authors":"Rui Liu, P. Caldeira, D. Kustera","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498163","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the analysis and design of a multi-output power supply which employs a multi-resonant flyback converter. Due to the multiple resonances, voltage and current waveforms present in the converter are quasi-sine wave. As a result both conducted and radiated EMI associated with high dv/dt and di/dt in conventional PWM TV power supplies are reduced. Analysis of the converter circuit based on the normalized state-plane approach is presented and the design information is derived. A design example as well as computer simulations are presented. A prototype of the multi-resonant flyback converter is implemented and open-loop measurements are presented. This converter topology can be advantageously utilized where low noise performance is required as in power supplies for video, telecommunication or audio equipment. Its main advantages are related to its simple structure and control. Large voltage stresses in the switching transistor and wide range of switching frequency variation are drawbacks of the converter.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124189562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498078
P. Karkhanis, G. Bebis
A number of techniques have been proposed recently, which attempt to improve the generalization capabilities of backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs). Among them, weight-decay, cross-validation, and weight-smoothing are probably the most simple and the most frequently used. This paper presents an empirical performance comparison among the above approaches using two real world databases. In addition, in order to further improve generalization, a combination of all the above approaches has been considered and tested. Experimental results illustrate that the coupling of all the three approaches together, significantly outperforms each other individual approach.
{"title":"A performance evaluation of variations to the standard back-propagation algorithm","authors":"P. Karkhanis, G. Bebis","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498078","url":null,"abstract":"A number of techniques have been proposed recently, which attempt to improve the generalization capabilities of backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs). Among them, weight-decay, cross-validation, and weight-smoothing are probably the most simple and the most frequently used. This paper presents an empirical performance comparison among the above approaches using two real world databases. In addition, in order to further improve generalization, a combination of all the above approaches has been considered and tested. Experimental results illustrate that the coupling of all the three approaches together, significantly outperforms each other individual approach.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"30 4 Pt 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129386129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498117
A. Balasubramaniyan, T. Ivanov, A. Mortazawi
Design and experimental results for a unit cell incorporating one MESFET is presented. Construction of a two dimensional spatial power combiner from the unit cell is discussed.
{"title":"MESFET-based spatial power combiners","authors":"A. Balasubramaniyan, T. Ivanov, A. Mortazawi","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498117","url":null,"abstract":"Design and experimental results for a unit cell incorporating one MESFET is presented. Construction of a two dimensional spatial power combiner from the unit cell is discussed.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133416160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498119
T. Carter
Almost every electronic device requires some level of power conversion in which the required operational voltages are generated from the input power. The majority of these supplies consist of Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) which all operate on the same basic principles (Lent's Law) but can take on several different design topologies. The downfall of this small and efficient power conversion source is that it can be a primary RF noise source. Radiated and conducted emissions from SMPS have been the source of many failures during certification testing (FCC, VDE, and 461). To effectively solve this problem the responsible person has to have a certain level of understanding of SMPS. As an EMI Design engineer responsible for EMI filter design and testing, the author has recently been involved with several different design topologies as well as voltage/current requirements and shares some observations concerning the different designs. The discussion starts with a short introduction on SMPS and then progresses into the important aspects of an EMI filter design process. From this discussion the author hopes to provide the reader with the understanding of SMPS design required to effectively design an EMI filter.
{"title":"Switch mode power supplies: an EMI engineer's point of view","authors":"T. Carter","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498119","url":null,"abstract":"Almost every electronic device requires some level of power conversion in which the required operational voltages are generated from the input power. The majority of these supplies consist of Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) which all operate on the same basic principles (Lent's Law) but can take on several different design topologies. The downfall of this small and efficient power conversion source is that it can be a primary RF noise source. Radiated and conducted emissions from SMPS have been the source of many failures during certification testing (FCC, VDE, and 461). To effectively solve this problem the responsible person has to have a certain level of understanding of SMPS. As an EMI Design engineer responsible for EMI filter design and testing, the author has recently been involved with several different design topologies as well as voltage/current requirements and shares some observations concerning the different designs. The discussion starts with a short introduction on SMPS and then progresses into the important aspects of an EMI filter design process. From this discussion the author hopes to provide the reader with the understanding of SMPS design required to effectively design an EMI filter.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133524947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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