Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.569
A.G.J.Patricia, M.Uma Devi mahalingm
The latest development in orthopaedics is the advent of silver nano particles and their applications in nano medicine. Silver nano dots in the size range of ≤ 20 nm can be studied to analyze their usage in the field of orthopaedics. They can be used in bone cement which are used as artificial bpne replacement. Bone cements have been used very successfully to anchor artificial joints like hip joints, knee joints, shoulder and elbow joints in suffering patients in the field of ortho paedic medicine. Polymethyl methacrylate loaded with nanosilver is being considered as bone cement as the nano silver can induce very high antimicrobial activity essential for the killing of infectious microorganisms known for their anti-resistance to currently available antibiotics and antiseptics.The free space between the bone and the prosthesis is filled with bone cement which acts like a elastic buffer zone. This is necessary because the body weight and the bone cement must absorb the forces acting on the body to ensure that the artificial medical implant remains in place over the long term. In this study, we analyze silver nano dots encapsulated bone cement for medical purposes which can prevent surgical infection in replacement surgeries drastically than the methods currently in use. Also in this study it was found due their unique properties they can accelerate the wound healing process at a faster rate than the rest of the conventional methods practiced in the ortho paedics field.
{"title":"SILVER NANO DOTS FUNCTIONALIZED BONE CEMENT FOR ORTHOPAEDIC MEDICAL APPLICATIONS","authors":"A.G.J.Patricia, M.Uma Devi mahalingm","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.569","url":null,"abstract":"The latest development in orthopaedics is the advent of silver nano particles and their applications in nano medicine. Silver nano dots in the size range of ≤ 20 nm can be studied to analyze their usage in the field of orthopaedics. They can be used in bone cement which are used as artificial bpne replacement. Bone cements have been used very successfully to anchor artificial joints like hip joints, knee joints, shoulder and elbow joints in suffering patients in the field of ortho paedic medicine. Polymethyl methacrylate loaded with nanosilver is being considered as bone cement as the nano silver can induce very high antimicrobial activity essential for the killing of infectious microorganisms known for their anti-resistance to currently available antibiotics and antiseptics.The free space between the bone and the prosthesis is filled with bone cement which acts like a elastic buffer zone. This is necessary because the body weight and the bone cement must absorb the forces acting on the body to ensure that the artificial medical implant remains in place over the long term. In this study, we analyze silver nano dots encapsulated bone cement for medical purposes which can prevent surgical infection in replacement surgeries drastically than the methods currently in use. Also in this study it was found due their unique properties they can accelerate the wound healing process at a faster rate than the rest of the conventional methods practiced in the ortho paedics field.","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"54 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76607763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E115
Hülya Yılmaz
In optimization studies, it is important to study the retention behavior of the compounds containing the ionizable functional groups under the intended chromatographic conditions. In this study, the influence of pH and acetonitrile (ACN) composition in the mobile phase on chromatographic behavior of tofacitinib (TOF), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, was investigated in details. First, the chromatographic conditions were optimized using retention factors and pKa values. Then, the developed method was used for the stability studies under various stress conditions, and for the estimation of TOF concentration in tablets. Finally, the method was validated using the International Conference on Harmonization (Q2) guidelines and it was successfully used to separate the TOF degradation products. A linearity range, limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined as 2.0-12.0, 0.416, and 1.260 μg/mL, respectively. Between-day and within-day precisions were found to be as 0.290 and 0.462 for 4 μg/mL, respectively. The result indicates that the developed method is rather effective to separate the parent drug from the degradation products.
{"title":"Forced Degradation Studies to Assess the Stability of a Janus Kinase Inhibitor Using RPLC Method","authors":"Hülya Yılmaz","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E115","url":null,"abstract":"In optimization studies, it is important to study the retention behavior of the compounds containing the ionizable functional groups under the intended chromatographic conditions. In this study, the influence of pH and acetonitrile (ACN) composition in the mobile phase on chromatographic behavior of tofacitinib (TOF), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, was investigated in details. First, the chromatographic conditions were optimized using retention factors and pKa values. Then, the developed method was used for the stability studies under various stress conditions, and for the estimation of TOF concentration in tablets. Finally, the method was validated using the International Conference on Harmonization (Q2) guidelines and it was successfully used to separate the TOF degradation products. A linearity range, limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined as 2.0-12.0, 0.416, and 1.260 μg/mL, respectively. Between-day and within-day precisions were found to be as 0.290 and 0.462 for 4 μg/mL, respectively. The result indicates that the developed method is rather effective to separate the parent drug from the degradation products.","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89852396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E111
Zang Wang
{"title":"Note on Nanostructured Materials Used in Biomedical Applications","authors":"Zang Wang","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"384 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75711591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.558
K. Kokilavani
Pandemic outbreaks are always a challenge for the health care management to hold the mortality rate when preventive measures are not established. The only solution is to control the spread by conducting massive screening and isolating affected ones from the healthy ones. The research concentration is to develop rapid diagnostics and screening at lower cost. Rapid diagnostic methods are being used and developed worldwide.Multiple studies suggest that RT-PCR, protein testing and CT should be the principal diagnostic instrument for routine testing in patients with COVID-19. But three factors are still indistinct in those diagnostic methods such as rapidity, sensitivity, and specificity. Thus, alternative approaches that provide higher efficiency and lower time requirement are highly appreciated for switching the super spread infectious disease detection.Moderntimes, microfluidics alternatively called lab on a chip or POCT have been widely used in cancer and viral detection, specifically for virus detection in very recent days. The ability of POCT tests to provide short time results,suitable in low resource clinics even at home. So, we saw the importance of miniaturized tools suitable for COVID-19 detection will endure the current expensive methods. Despite the limitations, approved tests are still experiencing good results against a great pandemic. We reviewed and highlighted the point of care testing (PCOT) method is not less than any other screening method by reviewing a wide research setting.
{"title":"Primary Diagnostic Tools for SARS-Cov-2 Infection (COVID-19): Current Challenge","authors":"K. Kokilavani","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.558","url":null,"abstract":"Pandemic outbreaks are always a challenge for the health care management to hold the mortality rate when preventive measures are not established. The only solution is to control the spread by conducting massive screening and isolating affected ones from the healthy ones. The research concentration is to develop rapid diagnostics and screening at lower cost. Rapid diagnostic methods are being used and developed worldwide.Multiple studies suggest that RT-PCR, protein testing and CT should be the principal diagnostic instrument for routine testing in patients with COVID-19. But three factors are still indistinct in those diagnostic methods such as rapidity, sensitivity, and specificity. Thus, alternative approaches that provide higher efficiency and lower time requirement are highly appreciated for switching the super spread infectious disease detection.Moderntimes, microfluidics alternatively called lab on a chip or POCT have been widely used in cancer and viral detection, specifically for virus detection in very recent days. The ability of POCT tests to provide short time results,suitable in low resource clinics even at home. So, we saw the importance of miniaturized tools suitable for COVID-19 detection will endure the current expensive methods. Despite the limitations, approved tests are still experiencing good results against a great pandemic. We reviewed and highlighted the point of care testing (PCOT) method is not less than any other screening method by reviewing a wide research setting.","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"150 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75398800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.581
Amedeo Xu
{"title":"Nanomedicine in Cancer Disease","authors":"Amedeo Xu","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.581","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76151765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.566
K. Brockbank, Zhenzhen Chen, Elizabeth D. Greene, L. Campbell
Investigation of heart valve cryopreservation has been employed as a model for development of new methods of tissue preservation based upon vitrification and nanowarming using Fe nanoparticles. Cryoprotectant cytotoxicity can be reduced by performing the last cryoprotectant/nanoparticle exposure step below zero degrees centigrade at -10C. Tissue viability outcomes can be improved by supplementation of cryoprotectant formulations with disaccharides and nanowarming can rewarm such complex tissues with retention of cell viability from storage temperatures below -135oC to -25oC in 80-100 seconds. It is anticipated that ice-free tissue cryopreservation methods for tissues up to 50 mLs can be developed that do not require the use of nanowarming, since we are already close to achieving this with heart valves at 30 mL volumes. However, at larger volumes nanowarming will likely continue to be the best warming method for retention of tissue cell viability. Further studies to optimize cryopreservation of cardiac muscle, the somewhat fibrous muscle band at the base of heart valves, and pulmonary and aortic arteries need to be performed since it is clear that different heart valve components vary in their preservation requirements. It is anticipated that other complex tissues may also have components with different cryopreservation requirements including nanowarming.
{"title":"Advances in Viable Ice-free Cryopreservation of Heart Valves","authors":"K. Brockbank, Zhenzhen Chen, Elizabeth D. Greene, L. Campbell","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.566","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation of heart valve cryopreservation has been employed as a model for development of new methods of tissue preservation based upon vitrification and nanowarming using Fe nanoparticles. Cryoprotectant cytotoxicity can be reduced by performing the last cryoprotectant/nanoparticle exposure step below zero degrees centigrade at -10C. Tissue viability outcomes can be improved by supplementation of cryoprotectant formulations with disaccharides and nanowarming can rewarm such complex tissues with retention of cell viability from storage temperatures below -135oC to -25oC in 80-100 seconds. It is anticipated that ice-free tissue cryopreservation methods for tissues up to 50 mLs can be developed that do not require the use of nanowarming, since we are already close to achieving this with heart valves at 30 mL volumes. However, at larger volumes nanowarming will likely continue to be the best warming method for retention of tissue cell viability. Further studies to optimize cryopreservation of cardiac muscle, the somewhat fibrous muscle band at the base of heart valves, and pulmonary and aortic arteries need to be performed since it is clear that different heart valve components vary in their preservation requirements. It is anticipated that other complex tissues may also have components with different cryopreservation requirements including nanowarming.","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81167514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E116
Zang Wang
{"title":"Note on Technologies of Nanosensor","authors":"Zang Wang","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.12.E116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83558303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.9.565
M. Amer, Mark J. Foster, Ali M. Al Mafrage, Mohammed K. Mohammed
A new model capable of accurately predicting the electrical conductivity of highly aligned single-walled carbon nanotube thin films has been developed. The films ranged between 1 and 11 layers thick. The well-established Lamination theory failed to predict the experimentally measured values for the films of different thicknesses. However, this model, based on modified and expanded techniques applied within the realm of the lamination theory, could predict the exact values taking into consideration the inter-layer interaction that is crucial for the properties and performance of nano- films.
{"title":"Theoretical modeling and experimental validation of Electrical conductivity for highly aligned single-walled carbon nanotube thin films","authors":"M. Amer, Mark J. Foster, Ali M. Al Mafrage, Mohammed K. Mohammed","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.9.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.9.565","url":null,"abstract":"A new model capable of accurately predicting the electrical conductivity of highly aligned single-walled carbon nanotube thin films has been developed. The films ranged between 1 and 11 layers thick. The well-established Lamination theory failed to predict the experimentally measured values for the films of different thicknesses. However, this model, based on modified and expanded techniques applied within the realm of the lamination theory, could predict the exact values taking into consideration the inter-layer interaction that is crucial for the properties and performance of nano- films.","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85570682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.21.9.563
Mehrnaz Asadi, Mahsa Alizadeh
Cancer theranostics, which aims to integrate diagnostics and therapy for cancer treatment, has benefited greatly from recent advancements in nanomaterials. This study focuses on the most recent advancements in cancer theranostic techniques using quantum dots, silica nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials. Over the last decade, responsive nanocarriers made from these nanomaterials have shown promise in cancer-specific theranostics. Several experiments in cell and mouse models have suggested their underlying therapeutic efficacy; however, comprehensive and long-term in vivo clinical evaluations are undoubtedly expected to make these bench-made materials compatible in real-world settings.
{"title":"Application of semiconductor nanomaterials in cancer theranostics","authors":"Mehrnaz Asadi, Mahsa Alizadeh","doi":"10.35248/2157-7439.21.9.563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7439.21.9.563","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer theranostics, which aims to integrate diagnostics and therapy for cancer treatment, has benefited greatly from recent advancements in nanomaterials. This study focuses on the most recent advancements in cancer theranostic techniques using quantum dots, silica nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials. Over the last decade, responsive nanocarriers made from these nanomaterials have shown promise in cancer-specific theranostics. Several experiments in cell and mouse models have suggested their underlying therapeutic efficacy; however, comprehensive and long-term in vivo clinical evaluations are undoubtedly expected to make these bench-made materials compatible in real-world settings.","PeriodicalId":16532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88919947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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