Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology最新文献

英文中文

Remineralization Potential of a Novel Silver Nanoparticle Rinse on Severely Demineralized Enamel In-vitro: A 14-Day Trial 新型纳米银漂洗剂对体外严重脱矿牙釉质的再矿化潜力:14天试验

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.20.11.542

C. Callister, M. Callister, M. Nolan, R. Nolan

Although fluoride-based remineralization systems have dominated prevention for the last century, new and innovative approaches are changing the preventative landscape in dental medicine. With the advent of nanotechnology, a wealth of new materials has become available to aid in remineralizing high risk tooth surfaces. While respecting traditional approaches, utilizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for remineralization has unexplored potential for use via novel mechanisms for rehardening enamel surfaces. It was the purpose of this study to examine the remineralization potential of a novel rinse containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on severely demineralized enamel in vitro.

虽然氟化物再矿化系统在上个世纪主导了预防，新的和创新的方法正在改变牙科医学的预防景观。随着纳米技术的出现，大量的新材料已经可用来帮助重新矿化高风险的牙齿表面。在尊重传统方法的同时，利用银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)进行再矿化具有未开发的潜力，可以通过新机制用于牙釉质表面的再硬化。本研究的目的是研究一种新型含银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)的漂洗剂对体外严重脱矿牙釉质的再矿化潜力。

引用次数: 3

Neutral Surfactant Enhanced Exon-skipping of Morpholino Oligonucleotides in vitro and in mdx Mice 中性表面活性剂增强体外和mdx小鼠的Morpholino寡核苷酸外显子跳变

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.20.11.553

Mingxing Wang, B. Wu, Morgan Drains, Peijuan Lu, Q. Lu

Antisense oligomers induced exon-skipping has been promising therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in preclinical and clinical trials, but its therapeutic potential could be improved with enhanced delivery approach. A few neutral surfactants were investigated here in for their performance to improve exon-skipping of an antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) both in vitro and in vivo. This study showed that these surfactants, especially Bigchapand Deoxy Bigchap, improved the delivery efficiency of PMO to the levels comparable to Endoporter-mediated PMO delivery in vitro, and significant enhancement with Deoxy Bigchap-mediated PMO was further observed in mdx mice up to 7-fold compared with PMO alone. Cytotoxicity of the surfactants except for Mega10 was much lower than that by Endoporter in vitro and not clearly observed in vivo under the tested dosage. These results reveal that surfactant’s composition is key factor as delivery carrier to improve PMO exon-skipping efficiency, the efficacy and safety endow neutral surfactants as potential delivering enhancer for oligonucleotide in the treatment of muscular dystrophy or other diseases.

在临床前和临床试验中，反义寡聚物诱导的外显子跳跃是治疗杜氏肌营养不良的一种很有前景的方法，但其治疗潜力可以通过增强给药方式来提高。本文研究了几种中性表面活性剂在体外和体内改善反义磷酸二酯morpholino oligomer (PMO)外显子跳变的性能。本研究表明，这些表面活性剂，尤其是bigchapp和Deoxy bigchapp，将PMO的递送效率提高到与endoporter介导的PMO在体外递送相当的水平，并且在mdx小鼠中进一步观察到Deoxy bigchapp介导的PMO的显著增强，达到单独PMO的7倍。在实验剂量下，除Mega10外，其他表面活性剂的细胞毒性均远低于Endoporter，在体内观察不明显。这些结果表明，表面活性剂的组成是提高PMO外显子跳跃效率的关键因素，其有效性和安全性赋予中性表面活性剂作为寡核苷酸递送增强剂治疗肌营养不良或其他疾病的潜力。

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引用次数: 1

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.19.10.542

C. C, Callister M, Nolan M, N. R

引用次数: 0

Tackling COVID-19 with Nanotechnology 利用纳米技术应对COVID-19

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.20.10.544

Imran Moin

A new virus familiar yet very strange has griped almost all the countries of the world. It has spread its tentacles griping the richand poor alike. It does not discriminate between class, religion, race or gender. About four months have elapsed since it was first identified in the Wuhan [1,2] province of China and yet it spreads with an unimagined pace and an unabat9ed ferocity. It has been named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) [1], coronaviruses belong to the family Coronaviridae, with protein coat and positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome, among the RNA viruses they are one of the largest ones in genome size. They infect both mammals and birds. The medical fraternity is still in doubt about its origin and cure. It has struck one of the most powerful nations of the world and rendered it helpless. People are left in utter confusion and various conspiracies theories - from attributing the origin of virus to labs to a desperate attempt by some nations to wage a biological war against the other - are making rounds on social media. A brief discussion below would better help understand the mechanism

一种熟悉但又非常奇怪的新病毒几乎席卷了世界所有国家。它的触角伸向富人和穷人。它不区分阶级、宗教、种族或性别。自首次在中国武汉市确诊以来，已经过去了大约四个月[1,2]，但它以难以想象的速度和毫不减弱的凶猛传播。它被命名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARSCoV- 2)[1]，冠状病毒属于冠状病毒科，具有蛋白外壳和正义单链RNA基因组，是RNA病毒中基因组大小最大的病毒之一。它们会感染哺乳动物和鸟类。医学界对其起源和治疗方法仍持怀疑态度。它袭击了世界上最强大的国家之一，使它无能为力。人们陷入了彻底的困惑，各种阴谋论——从将病毒的起源归咎于实验室，到一些国家绝望地试图对其他国家发动生物战——在社交媒体上流传开来。下面的简短讨论将有助于更好地理解其机制

引用次数: 3

Nano-theragnostic Approach to Mitigate Covid-19 纳米诊断方法缓解Covid-19

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.20.10.545

A. Verma

Global Coronavirus pandemic has to be strategically addressed. The initial preventive phase has been largely discussed. The gamut of disease is comprehensive as patients hospitalised with COVID-19 manifest respiratory failure, sepsis, pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Nano-theragnostics might have the answer to the mightiest challenge of this century in the next phase of diagnostics and therapeutics. Coronavirus causes severe morbidity in the lower respiratory tract, where alveolar epithelial cells are the key targets for dysregulating their function and triggering immune responses. The intensity and continued production of cytokine rush leads to enhanced vascular hyperpermeability that often causes multiorgan failure, and finally death. Nanoparticles (NPs) are being envisaged to target the airway epithelial cells to repair the dysfunctions with therapy, drug repurposing to counter the imbalance caused by the cytokine storm. Because inflammation, according to the literature, induces thrombosis through a complex but well- known pathophysiological mechanism. The way to fight Covid-19 has to experiment not only antibiotics, antivirals, but also anti-inflammatories and anticoagulants.

必须从战略上应对全球冠状病毒大流行。初步预防阶段已作了大量讨论。因COVID-19住院的患者表现为呼吸衰竭、败血症、肺炎和急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)，疾病范围广泛。在诊断和治疗的下一阶段，纳米诊断学可能有解决本世纪最大挑战的答案。冠状病毒在下呼吸道引起严重的发病率，肺泡上皮细胞是其功能失调和触发免疫反应的关键靶点。细胞因子激增的强度和持续产生导致血管高通透性增强，往往导致多器官衰竭，最终死亡。纳米颗粒(NPs)被设想用于靶向气道上皮细胞，通过治疗修复功能障碍，药物重新利用来对抗细胞因子风暴引起的失衡。因为根据文献，炎症通过一种复杂但众所周知的病理生理机制诱发血栓形成。对抗Covid-19的方法不仅要试验抗生素、抗病毒药物，还要试验抗炎药和抗凝血剂。

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引用次数: 0

Application of Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering 纳米技术在组织工程中的应用

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.20.10.E536

Bharti Sn, G. Swetha

Nanomaterials display altered compound and physical properties that enable them to collaborate with the natural frameworks at the cell and atomic levels. This cooperation improves the biomedical uses of nanotechnology in the field of tissue recovery. A wide scope of nanomaterials made of natural and inorganic composites could act naturally amassed in nano scale size that reproduces all the more precisely the elements of the common human tissues, for example, nanoparticles, nanosurfaces and nanoscaffolds. These tale nanomaterials essentially impact the conduct and improvement of undeveloped cells. The utilizations of nanotechnology in explicit tissue recovery, for example, bone, ligament, cardiovascular and neural tissues were explored by a few analysts. Nanostructures have been utilized to advance undifferentiated organism suitability, expansion and separation. Nanotechnology gives biodegradable and biocompatible biomimetic creates that reestablish and improve the tissue capacities. Nanocomposition and nanotopography of a tissue designed material decide the embed destiny giving 3 dimentional tissue culture frameworks that advance typical cell development and separation without antagonistic tissue response. Late advancement in the combination permits the refined cells to respond to the inward and outside boosts and to trade the flagging elements between those cells and the outer condition. In any case, further comprehension to the collaborations of nanomaterials with the natural framework and more examinations of the security of these nanostructures are yet required before their full application in human tissue fixation.

纳米材料显示出改变的化合物和物理性质，使它们能够在细胞和原子水平上与自然框架协作。这一合作促进了纳米技术在组织恢复领域的生物医学应用。由天然和无机复合材料制成的各种纳米材料可以自然地聚集在纳米尺度上，更精确地复制所有常见人体组织的元素，例如，纳米颗粒、纳米表面和纳米支架。这些纳米材料本质上影响着未发育细胞的行为和改善。一些分析人士探讨了纳米技术在骨、韧带、心血管和神经组织等外显组织恢复中的应用。纳米结构已被用于促进未分化生物的适应性、扩展和分离。纳米技术提供了可生物降解和生物相容性的仿生产品，可以重建和提高组织能力。组织设计材料的纳米组成和纳米形貌决定了嵌入命运，提供了三维组织培养框架，促进典型的细胞发育和分离，而不产生拮抗组织反应。结合的后期进展允许精致的细胞对内部和外部的提升做出反应，并在这些细胞和外部条件之间交换标记元素。无论如何，在纳米材料完全应用于人体组织固定之前，还需要进一步理解纳米材料与自然框架的协同作用，并对这些纳米结构的安全性进行更多的研究。

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引用次数: 5

Terahertz Reflectometry Imaging of Carbon Nanomaterials for Biological Application 生物应用碳纳米材料的太赫兹反射成像

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2019-08-26 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.19.10.535

William Ghann, Hyeonggon Kang, Aunik K. Rahman, A. Rahman, Meser M. Ali, J. Uddin

The multiwalled carbon nanotubes has a myriad of applications due to its unique electrical and mechanical properties. The biomedical application of multiwalled carbon nanotubes that have been reported include drug delivery, medical imaging, gene delivery, tissue regeneration, and diagnostics. Proper characterization is required to enhance the potential application of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Terahertz technology is a relatively unfamiliar spectrometric technique that show promise in efficiently characterizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes. In this paper, terahertz imaging was used to characterize multiwalled carbon nanotube in comparison with other characterization techniques, including transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The average diameter of the carbon nanotubes from the reconstructed terahertz images was 48.54 nm, while the average length of a fiber was found to be approximately 1.2 μm. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes were additionally characterized by FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

多壁碳纳米管由于其独特的电学和机械性能而具有无数的应用。已报道的多壁碳纳米管的生物医学应用包括药物输送、医学成像、基因输送、组织再生和诊断。为了提高多壁碳纳米管的潜在应用，需要对其进行适当的表征。太赫兹技术是一种相对陌生的光谱技术，在有效表征多壁碳纳米管方面显示出前景。在本文中，太赫兹成像用于表征多壁碳纳米管，并与其他表征技术，包括透射电子显微镜和场发射扫描电子显微镜进行了比较。重建的太赫兹图像显示碳纳米管的平均直径为48.54 nm，而光纤的平均长度约为1.2 μm。采用红外光谱、拉曼光谱和能量色散x射线光谱对多壁碳纳米管进行了表征。

引用次数: 4

Light controlled dynamics of charge carriers 载流子的光控动力学

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2019-02-11 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439-C10-095

pIstvan Magashegyip

引用次数: 0

Preparation and Evaluation of Hydrogel Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery System 水凝胶纳米颗粒给药系统的制备与评价

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000526

R. Kaur, Vishal K. Gupta, S. Ch, P. ra, ey

Hydrogel nanoparticles (NPs) can be used for colon drug delivery, utilizing Methotrexate (MTX) as a model drug. MTX loaded hydrogel NPs were prepared using Poly-acrylamide-grafted- gum ghatti (PAAm-g-Gg), which is pH sensitive. PAAm-g-Gg was synthesized by free radical polymerization. MTX loaded hydrogel NPs was prepared from PAAm-g-Gg by using nanoemulsification polymer crosslinking method. FT-IR and DSC studies of the prepared NPs indicated no chemical change of MTX in the hydrogel NPs. The prepared hydrogel NPs showed mean diameters in the range of 238 ± 0.57 nm to 1064 ± 0.99 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of the drug was found to be 39.11% to 48.84%. The suitability of the polyacrylamide grafted gum ghatti hydrogel NPs for the release of Methotrexate was studied by in vitro release at pH 1.2 and 7.4. It was observed that, there was no significant amount of drug release in gastric pH and 97.28% of drug release at pH 7.4 for formulation F6 at the end of 12 hrs. Based on result formulation F6 was considered as the best formulation and further evaluated for stability studies and characterized for surface morphology using SEM. SEM photographs have shown that the hydrogel NPs are spherical in shape and the stability study data indicated no significant change in the drug content.

水凝胶纳米颗粒(NPs)可用于结肠给药，以甲氨蝶呤(MTX)为模型药物。采用pH敏感的聚丙烯酰胺接枝胶(PAAm-g-Gg)制备了负载MTX的水凝胶NPs。采用自由基聚合法制备了PAAm-g-Gg。以PAAm-g-Gg为原料，采用纳米乳化交联法制备了MTX负载水凝胶NPs。FT-IR和DSC研究表明，水凝胶NPs中MTX未发生化学变化。制备的水凝胶NPs的平均直径为238±0.57 nm ~ 1064±0.99 nm。包封率为39.11% ~ 48.84%。在pH为1.2和7.4的条件下，研究了聚丙烯酰胺接枝胶凝胶NPs对甲氨蝶呤的体外释放性。结果显示，F6在pH值为7.4的胃内无明显释药量，12 h后释药率为97.28%。根据结果，配方F6被认为是最佳配方，并进一步进行了稳定性研究和表面形貌表征。SEM照片显示水凝胶NPs呈球形，稳定性研究数据表明药物含量没有明显变化。

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引用次数: 2

Photophysical Studies of Ruthenium-Based Complexes and the Performance of Nanostructured TiO₂ Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. 钌基配合物的光物理研究及纳米结构TiO2基染料敏化太阳能电池的性能。

Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-12-07 DOI: 10.35248/2157-7439.19.10.538

Meser M Ali, Wasif Pervez, William Ghann, Jamal Uddin

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted enormous attention in the last couple of decades due to their relatively small size, low cost and minimal environmental impact. DSSCs convert solar energy to electrical energy with the aid of a sensitizing dye. In this work, two ruthenium-based dyes, tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride (Rubpy) and ruthenium(II)2,2'-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,4'-bipyridine (RubbbpyH₂), were synthesized, characterized, and investigated for use as dye sensitizers in the fabrication of DSSCs. The photovoltaic performance of the ruthenium-based DSSCs was assessed. The solar-to-electric power efficiency of the RubbbpyH₂ DSSC was 0.2% and that of the Rubpy was 0.03%. The RubbbpyH₂ was also deprotonated and analyzed to study the effect of deprotonation on the efficiency of the solar cell. The deprotonated species, Rubbbpy, recorded an average efficiency of 0.12%. Thus, a change in pH did not enhance the efficiency of the solar cell. The cells were further characterized by impedance measurements. The photocurrent-photovoltage results were not consistent with the absorption spectra since Rubbbpy showed a more prominent band than RubbbpyH₂ but had a lower efficiency.

染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)由于其相对较小的尺寸，低成本和最小的环境影响，在过去的几十年里引起了极大的关注。DSSCs借助增感染料将太阳能转化为电能。本文合成了三(联吡啶)钌(II)氯化钌(Rubpy)和钌(II)2,2′-双(苯并咪唑-2-基)-4,4′-联吡啶(rubbpyh2)两种钌基染料，并对其用作DSSCs的染料增敏剂进行了表征和研究。对钌基DSSCs的光伏性能进行了评价。rubbpyh2 DSSC的太阳能-电力效率为0.2%，Rubpy为0.03%。并对rubbpyh2进行去质子化处理，研究去质子化对太阳能电池效率的影响。去质子化物种rubbpy的平均效率为0.12%。因此，改变pH值并不能提高太阳能电池的效率。通过阻抗测量进一步表征细胞。由于rubbpy比rubbpyh2表现出更突出的光带，但效率较低，因此光电流-光电压结果与吸收光谱不一致。

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