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Principles of Transactions with a Pardanashin or Illiterate Lady: A Comprehensive Examination of Legal and Islamic Perspectives 与帕尔达纳辛或文盲妇女交易的原则:对法律和伊斯兰观点的全面审视
Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.04.e04
Mubashar Tariq (First Author), Saad Arshad (Second Author), Hafiz Muhammad Azeem (Corresponding author)
Women, especially those who are illiterate or pardanashin, are often fall victim to fraudulent practices in property transactions in Pakistan. Despite the Islamic obligations to protect rights of women, they continue to struggle to safeguard their rights and interests. When illiterate or pardanashin women are defrauded, they may turn to the courts for help. However, it is often argued in court that, due to the principle of caveat emptor (let the buyer beware), women should have taken more care during the transactions. Nevertheless, the courts have recognized that Pakistani women still rely on the bonafide of the men around them, such as their brothers, guardians, and husbands. This makes it difficult for women to defend their rights in property transactions. Therefore, it is important to highlight the principles of transactions with pardanashin or illiterate ladies that have been developed by the courts. This research aims to highlight the legal principles and safeguards developed by courts that protect the rights and property of pardanashin or illiterate women. It will also develop recommendations to enhance the protection of their rights and interests in property transactions.
在巴基斯坦,妇女,尤其是那些文盲或穷人,经常成为财产交易欺诈行为的受害者。尽管伊斯兰教有保护妇女权利的义务,但她们仍在为维护自身权益而挣扎。当文盲妇女或帕尔达纳辛妇女受到欺诈时,她们可能会向法院求助。然而,法庭上经常会有这样的论点,即根据 "买者自负 "原则,妇女在交易过程中本应更加谨慎。不过,法院也承认,巴基斯坦妇女仍然依赖于她们周围男性的诚信,如她们的兄弟、监护人和丈夫。这使得妇女很难在财产交易中捍卫自己的权利。因此,强调法院制定的与帕尔达纳辛或文盲妇女进行交易的原则非常重要。本研究旨在强调法院制定的保护 Pardanashin 或文盲妇女权利和财产的法律原则和保障措施。本研究还将提出建议,以加强对她们在财产交易中的权益的保护。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Analysis of Islamic and Modern Leadership: Challenges and Similarities 伊斯兰领导力与现代领导力的比较分析:挑战与相似之处
Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.04.e03
Muhammad Usman Siddqiue, Amber Waqar, Dr. Arfan Arshad
This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of Islamic Leadership and Modern Leadership paradigms, aiming to unearth their inherent challenges and shared principles. Islamic Leadership, rooted in religious teachings, emphasizes ethical conduct, service, and collective responsibility. It navigates the delicate balance between spiritual values and practical community needs. Modern Leadership, on the other hand, grapples with rapidly evolving global dynamics, including technological advancements and ethical dilemmas. Despite their distinct origins, both paradigms converge on the significance of ethics, service, and effective communication in leadership. This study sheds light on their nuanced intersections and offers valuable insights for leaders operating in diverse cultural and religious contexts. Understanding the challenges and similarities between these leadership models is crucial in fostering effective and ethical leadership practices in contemporary society.
本研究对伊斯兰领导力和现代领导力范式进行了全面的比较分析,旨在揭示其内在挑战和共同原则。伊斯兰领导力植根于宗教教义,强调道德行为、服务和集体责任。它在精神价值和实际社区需求之间取得了微妙的平衡。另一方面,现代领导力则努力应对快速发展的全球动态,包括技术进步和道德困境。尽管起源不同,但这两种范式在领导力中的道德、服务和有效沟通的重要性上是一致的。本研究揭示了它们之间微妙的交集,并为在不同文化和宗教背景下工作的领导者提供了宝贵的见解。了解这些领导力模式之间的挑战和相似之处,对于在当代社会中培养有效和合乎道德的领导力实践至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
نظریۂ حلول اسلام اور عیسائیت کے تناظر میں: کینتھ کریگ کے افکار کا جائزہ نظریۂ حلول اسلام اور عیسائیت کے تناظر میں: کینتھ کریگ کے افکار کا جائزہ
Pub Date : 2023-11-19 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.04.u01
Dr. Riaz Ahmad, Dr. Rafiuddin
In Christisan theology, the doctrine of Incarnation holds that Jesus, the second hypostasis of the trinity, God the son and son of the father, taking on a human body and human nature was made flesh. Incarnation is a Christian faith which means that God incarnated in Jesus Christ.Christian say that word of God (Kalamatullah) made flesh and Jesus became Christ (Son of God). Kenneth cragg(A renowned Christian scholar on Islam.He wrote more than sixty books, most of them are on Islam)said that the concept of incarnation is also present in Islam, the revelation of the Holy Quran, Prophet-hood of Muhammadﷺ and the Muslims love for Muhammadﷺ is also like incarnation as in Christianity. In this article we discussed the concept of incarnation in Islam and Christianity and concluded that the revelation of theHoly Quran and the Prophet-hood of Muhammad ﷺis not an incarnated as Christian believe about Jesus.
在基督神学中,道成肉身的教义认为,耶稣是三位一体中的第二位,即上帝之子和父亲之子,他以人类的身体和人性道成肉身。道成肉身是基督教的信仰,意思是上帝在耶稣基督身上道成肉身。基督教认为,上帝之言(卡拉马图拉)道成肉身,耶稣成为基督(上帝之子)。肯尼斯-克拉格(研究伊斯兰教的著名基督教学者,他写了六十多本书,其中大部分是关于伊斯兰教的)说,道成肉身的概念也存在于伊斯兰教中,《古兰经》的启示、穆罕默德ﷺ 的先知身份以及穆斯林对穆罕默德ﷺ 的爱就像基督教中的道成肉身一样。在本文中,我们讨论了伊斯兰教和基督教中的道成肉身的概念,并得出结论:《古兰经》的启示和穆罕默德ﷺ 的先知身份并不像基督教所相信的耶稣那样是道成肉身的。
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引用次数: 0
Proponents and Opponents of Islamic Banking: An Overview of the Stances adopted in the Articles published in HEC Approved Research Journals 伊斯兰银行业的支持者和反对者:高等教育委员会批准的研究期刊上发表的文章所持立场概述
Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.04.e02
Saba Aorangzaib, Tooba Khalid Noori, Tahira Munawar
Islamic banking is a financial system that adheres to the principles of Sharia law, which prohibits the charging of interest. Scholars have differing perspectives on Islamic banking, with some arguing that it is a more ethical and sustainable form of banking, while others contend that it is not truly interest-free or transparent. This paper critically examines the perspectives of various scholars on Islamic banking as presented in HEC recognized journals. First school of thought, represented by Dr. Fazlurrehman, distinguishes between riba and commercial interest. They do not consider commercial interest to be riba, and therefore believe that conventional banking is not in conflict with Islamic teachings. A second school of thought, represented by Mufti Taqi Usmani, Prof. Khurshid Ahmed, and others, advocates for the Islamization of the conventional banking system. They believe that banks can be modified in accordance with Islamic teachings to create a more ethical and interest free financial system. On the other hand, Mufti Rashid Ahmed and Mufti Dr. Abdul Wahid, views Islamic banking as a positive development for Muslims, but does not believe that the current Islamic banking system is fully based on Islamic law. They have proposed suggestions for how the system can be made more acceptable. A third school of thought, represented by Dr Muhammad Zahid Siddique Mughal and others, completely rejects Islamic banking. They argue that there is no real difference between conventional and Islamic banking. There are many reasons why scholars have different opinions about Islamic banking. One reason is that there are different arguments presented in Islamic law about the prohibition of interest. Another reason is that there are different methods of Islamic banking and scholars have different opinions about these methods. These opinions vary depending on social, and economic factors. However, there is no doubt that it is a growing field, with Islamic banks operating in over 75 countries around the world.
伊斯兰银行是一种遵守伊斯兰教法原则的金融体系,伊斯兰教法禁止收取利息。学者们对伊斯兰银行有不同的看法,有些人认为伊斯兰银行是一种更合乎道德、更可持续的银行形式,而另一些人则认为伊斯兰银行并非真正无息或透明。本文批判性地研究了高等商学院认可的期刊中不同学者对伊斯兰银行业的观点。以法兹卢勒赫曼博士为代表的第一派别区分了利巴和商业利益。他们不认为商业利益是利巴,因此认为传统银行业务与伊斯兰教义并不冲突。以 Mufti Taqi Usmani、Khurshid Ahmed 教授等人为代表的第二派主张将传统银行系统伊斯兰化。他们认为,可以根据伊斯兰教义对银行进行改造,以创建一个更加合乎道德、无息的金融体系。另一方面,穆夫提-拉希德-艾哈迈德和穆夫提-阿卜杜勒-瓦希德博士认为伊斯兰银行业对穆斯林来说是一个积极的发展,但并不认为目前的伊斯兰银行系统完全以伊斯兰法为基础。他们就如何使该系统更容易被接受提出了建议。 以 Muhammad Zahid Siddique Mughal 博士等人为代表的第三派则完全反对伊斯兰银行业。他们认为,传统银行业和伊斯兰银行业没有真正的区别。学者们对伊斯兰银行有不同看法的原因有很多。原因之一是伊斯兰教法对禁止利息有不同的论点。另一个原因是伊斯兰银行有不同的方法,学者们对这些方法有不同的看法。这些观点因社会和经济因素而异。然而,毫无疑问,伊斯兰银行是一个不断发展的领域,在全世界超过 75 个国家开展业务。
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引用次数: 0
Belief in the Hereafter and Iqbal’s Concept of Eternity: An Analytical Study 对来世的信仰与伊克巴尔的永恒概念:分析研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.04.e01
Dr. Hafiz Arshid Iqbal, Muhammad Jawad Abrar, Dr. Hafiz Muhammad, Abrar Awan
Belief in the Hereafter is one of the six pillars of Islamic belief required of a Muslim in order to complete his faith.  Although the general conception of life after death and the Hereafter is found in all Divine Religions, the emphasis given in Islam is unique. A glance at the Holy Quran provides the idea that believing in the Hereafter is the most important issue in Islam after believing in God. The topic has covered nearly one third of the Holy Quran with more than 1200 Ayaats. It is almost impossible to find a page in the Quran in which the issue of the Hereafter is not mentioned. Believing in God and the Hereafter are coupled in the Quran approximately 30 times. Therefore, in Islamic Theology, believing in God and the Hereafter are considered the border between atheism and religious belief. Believing in the Hereafter in Islam means the soul and the body of the dead will rise on the Day of Resurrection to be judged. Righteous people will be rewarded with eternal blessings in Paradise while the sinful and disbelievers will suffer in Hell, in following, arguments about hereafter along with Iqbal’s, critique on philosophers and concept of eternity would be discussed.
对后世的信仰是伊斯兰信仰的六大支柱之一,是穆斯林完成其信仰的必要条件。 虽然所有神圣宗教都有关于死后生活和来世的一般概念,但伊斯兰教所强调的却是独一无二的。只要翻阅一下《古兰经》,就会发现信仰后世是伊斯兰教中继信仰真主之后最重要的问题。这一主题涵盖了《古兰经》近三分之一的篇幅,有 1200 多个阿雅特。在《古兰经》中,几乎找不到一页没有提到后世的问题。古兰经》中约有 30 次将信仰真主和后世联系在一起。因此,在伊斯兰神学中,相信真主和来世被认为是无神论和宗教信仰的分界线。在伊斯兰教中,相信来世意味着死者的灵魂和肉体将在复活日复活,接受审判。正直的人将在天堂得到永恒的祝福,而有罪的人和不信教的人将在地狱受苦,下面将讨论关于来世的论点以及伊克巴尔的论点、对哲学家的评论和永恒的概念。
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引用次数: 0
جمالیات سے متعلق نصیر احمد ناصر کے نظریات :"حسنِ تفسیر" کا اختصاصی مطالعہ جمالیات سے متعلق نصیر احمد ناصر کے نظریات :"حسنِ تفسیر" کا اختصاصی مطالعہ
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.03.u14
Tahira Munawar, Tooba Khalid Noori, Saba Aorangzaib
Aesthetic is concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty. It is used to talk about beauty or art and people’s appreciation of beautiful things. Its value can be defined as sensation or feeling of enjoying beauty. Every human will have the value of aesthetics or aesthetic sense that one get to enjoy whatever he sees in his daily life. As a study it aims at the understanding of beauty that is prescribed in front of us. It is not just expressing, enjoying beauty our inner emotions are connected to pursuit of beauty in all its means. In this article Dr. Naseer Ahmad Nasir  view on Aestheticism are described who is a notable Islamic Scholar & philosopher from Pakistan. He wrote numerous books on aesthetics including Husn- e -Tafseer in three volumes. His important contribution to philosophy was research on Aesthetics. He tries to explore the Holy Quran with reference of Philosophy of Aesthetics. He claims that it is a unique effort because his work is matchless throughout the Muslim World. Actually, aesthetic is successful attempt to view and to discover the beauty of universe. Human being is part of its beauty and Holy Quran invites this creature to create a very beautiful society to live in. He tries to put before the world this aspect of Holy Quran.
美学与美或对美的欣赏有关。它用于谈论美或艺术,以及人们对美好事物的欣赏。它的价值可以定义为享受美的感觉或感受。每个人都有审美价值或审美意识,在日常生活中看到任何东西都会去欣赏。作为一门学问,美学的目的在于理解摆在我们面前的美。它不仅仅是表达美、享受美,我们的内在情感也与对美的各种追求息息相关。本文介绍了巴基斯坦著名伊斯兰学者和哲学家纳西尔-艾哈迈德-纳西尔博士对唯美主义的看法。他撰写了大量关于美学的书籍,包括三卷本的《Husn- e -Tafseer》。他对哲学的重要贡献是美学研究。他试图以美学哲学为参照探索《古兰经》。他声称这是一项独特的努力,因为他的作品在整个穆斯林世界都是无与伦比的。事实上,美学是观察和发现宇宙之美的成功尝试。人类是宇宙之美的一部分,《古兰经》邀请人类创造一个美丽的社会。他试图向世人展示《古兰经》的这一面。
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引用次数: 0
فارسی ادب میں ایرانی اسلامی تہذیب کی پیش کش :نسیم بلوچ کی ترجمہ نگاری کا ایک مطالعہ فارسی ادب میں ایرانی اسلامی تہذیب کی پیش کش :نسیم بلوچ کی ترجمہ نگاری کا ایک مطالعہ
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.03.u07
Dr. Zahid Akhter Shaheen, Dr. Shazia Andleeb, Tehzeeb Sadiq
The art of translation certainly had its origin in the day when people of two different nations needed to communicate to settle mutual relations and trade and only then did interpreters become indispensable. Basically, translation is the need of every nation and language in which the consciousness of the demand for knowledge has awakened. This is the reason why in every period of civilized life the seekers of knowledge went through the stage of translation to enjoy the treasures of knowledge and wisdom of other nations. The stages of translation were not only determined by the demanding knowledge, but those interested in the literature of other languages ​​also benefited from the blessings of translation. Naseem Baloch is an emerging modern translator. His first fiction which he translated was "Dash Akal" which was published in the literary edition of daily "Azad", Lahore in 1978.
翻译艺术当然起源于两个不同国家的人民需要交流以解决相互关系和贸易的时代,只有在那时翻译才变得不可或缺。从根本上说,翻译是每一个唤醒了知识需求意识的民族和语言的需要。这就是为什么在文明生活的每个时期,求知者都要经历翻译阶段,以享受其他民族的知识和智慧宝藏。翻译阶段不仅取决于对知识的需求,那些对其他语言文学感兴趣的人也从翻译中获益匪浅。纳西姆-巴洛赫是一位新兴的现代翻译家。他翻译的第一部小说是 1978 年发表在拉合尔《阿扎德日报》文学版上的 "Dash Akal"。
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引用次数: 0
تزکیۂ نفس: عصر حاضر میں سیرت نبوی سے استفادے کی مختلف جہات تزکیۂ نفس: عصر حاضر میں سیرت نبوی سے استفادے کی مختلف جہات
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.03.u09
Dr. Muhammad Idress Al-Azhari, Muhammad Abu Bakar, Humera Naz
Allah has sent prophets to guide mankind in this universe. One of the great duties of Prophet hood for the growth and guidance of the Holy Prophets is "Purification of Self”. This means that Allah Almighty creatures purify their outward and inward appearance. This purity is essential in every aspect of mankind's thoughts, morals, deeds, and purpose. The capital provides its soul. The importance of this can be gauged from the fact that in the heart of a believing servant, the manifestation of enlightenment and cognition of Allah (swat) cannot come down until he has “purified” his soul. Through it, the servants of Allah Almighty come out of the dark morals and cross the threshold of good character. The more purity is born in morals and worships, the closer one will be to Allah. For true knowledge of self-purification, one has to make Sira-e-Taiba of Tajdar-e-Kainat as one's motto. It is not possible to apply the pattern of beauty of the Holy Prophet (saw) without putting it into practice.
真主派遣先知在宇宙中指引人类。为了神圣先知的成长和指引,先知帽的重要职责之一就是 "净化自我"。这意味着全能的真主造物要净化他们的外在和内在。这种纯洁对人类的思想、道德、行为和目的等各个方面都至关重要。资本提供了灵魂。在信奉真主的仆人心中,只有 "净化 "了自己的灵魂,才能显现出对真主的启迪和认知(斋戒),由此可以看出这一点的重要性。通过 "净化",全能真主的仆人们走出了黑暗的道德,跨入了美好品格的门槛。道德和崇拜越纯洁,人就越接近真主。要想真正了解自我净化,就必须把塔吉达尔-艾-凯纳特的 "赛拉-艾-塔伊巴 "作为自己的座右铭。如果不付诸实践,就不可能应用神圣先知(愿主赐福之,并使其平安)的美丽模式。
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引用次数: 0
اقبال کی نظم پر مذاہبِ عالم کے اثرات اقبال کی نظم پر مذاہبِ عالم کے اثرات
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.03.u08
Dr. Saima Iqbal, Shumaila Mushtaq Ahmad, Dr. Parveen Aktar Kallu
Allama Iqbal is always praised for his superior quality poetry of religious zeal. His poetry is based on a certain level religious insight which must be understood and realized by average Muslims to better evolve into a United Nation. His poetic work is revolutionary in spirit and can be read as a complaints about the lethargy of Muslims and the decadence of their civilization. His poetry is amalgamation of religious beliefs, traits and ideologies and ethical values of almost all prominent religion of this universe. His poetry is based on the concept of humanity and forbearance essential for the welfare of mankind. He was blessed with matchless innovative poetic approach and wrote several poems depicting properties of various religions. Not only Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism, Hinduism, Christianity and Jewish had importance near him. In his poem "Nanak" he talked about Guru Nanak and monotheism. Iqbal also employed the Sanskrit phrase "Mantra, shakti in his poems. As for as Buddhism is concerned, he pointed out that "salvation lies in exchanging desire". Consequently, his poetic work portrays basic concepts of Christianity and Jewism religion
阿拉玛-伊克巴尔因其高质量的宗教诗歌而广受赞誉。他的诗歌基于一定程度的宗教洞察力,普通穆斯林必须理解并认识到这一点,才能更好地发展成为一个统一的民族。他的诗歌作品具有革命精神,可以被解读为对穆斯林的昏睡及其文明堕落的控诉。他的诗歌融合了几乎所有著名宗教的宗教信仰、特征、意识形态和道德价值观。他的诗歌以人类福祉所必需的人性和宽容理念为基础。他拥有无与伦比的创新诗歌手法,写下了多首描绘各种宗教特性的诗歌。不仅是伊斯兰教,佛教、锡克教、印度教、基督教和犹太教在他身边都很重要。在诗歌《纳纳克》中,他谈到了古鲁-纳纳克和一神论。伊克巴尔还在诗中使用了梵语 "Mantra, shakti"。至于佛教,他指出 "救赎在于交换欲望"。因此,他的诗歌作品描绘了基督教和犹太教的基本概念。
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引用次数: 0
نبی کریم ﷺ اور آپ کے آثار سے حصول برکت : تعلیمات ِ اسلامیہ کی روشنی میں ایک مطالعہ نبی کریم ﷺ اور آپ کے آثار سے حصول برکت : تعلیمات ِ اسلامیہ کی روشنی میں ایک مطالعہ
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.53762/alqamar.06.03.u10
Naseer Ahmed, Dr. Abdul Aleem, Dr.Asjad Ali
The word blessing has been used many times in Shariah’s and lexical. Which has been interpreted with permanence and multiplicity. In the Sharia’s sense, it is applied to the goodness placed by Allah in anything which is in the form of multiplicity and continuity or is devoid of them. Allah Almighty has the power to keep this goodness in certain people, things, times and places while depriving some of them. That is why obtaining blessings from thing needs a Shari’s evidence. Where there is evidence, the blessing will be valid and where there is no Shari’s text, the blessing will not be valid. Allah has blessed some objects, persons and places and times with grace, grace and position.
祝福一词在教法和词汇中被多次使用。它被解释为永久性和多重性。在伊斯兰教法的意义上,它适用于安拉赋予任何事物的善意,这些善意具有多重性和连续性,或者没有多重性和连续性。万能的真主有能力在某些人、某些事、某些时间和某些地点保留这种善意,同时也会剥夺某些人、某些事、某些时间和某些地点的善意。这就是为什么从事物中获得祝福需要伊斯兰教法的证据。有证据的地方,祝福就有效;没有教法条文的地方,祝福就无效。真主以恩典、恩惠和地位赐福于某些物品、个人、地点和时间。
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引用次数: 0
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Al-Qamar
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