Agus Prasetyo Nuryadi, Chairunnisa Chairunnisa, Fitrianto Fitrianto
A computational simulation was created to investigate pollutants during coal combustion in a Drop Tube Furnace using Kalimantan coal. Previous research has explored Drop Tube Furnace combustion with Kalimantan coal, but lacked an understanding of combustion phenomena and pollutants, which are challenging to observe experimentally. This study utilized three samples of Kalimantan coal, namely RP, MB, and KC, acquired from various mining sources. This research is new study of simulation combustion coal in Drop Tube Furnace using non-premixed turbulent combustion and the Probability Density Function model with structured grid. The study reports on the temperatures and mass fractions of pollutants, including NOX, SO2, and CO2, along the centerline of the domain. The findings show that RP coal produced the highest combustion temperature, while KC coal produced the lowest. MB coal had the highest CO2 mass fraction, KC coal had the highest NOx value, and RP coal had the highest SO2 value.
{"title":"Simulation of turbulent non-premixed combustion in pulverized coal from Kalimantan Indonesia","authors":"Agus Prasetyo Nuryadi, Chairunnisa Chairunnisa, Fitrianto Fitrianto","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i3.3829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i3.3829","url":null,"abstract":"A computational simulation was created to investigate pollutants during coal combustion in a Drop Tube Furnace using Kalimantan coal. Previous research has explored Drop Tube Furnace combustion with Kalimantan coal, but lacked an understanding of combustion phenomena and pollutants, which are challenging to observe experimentally. This study utilized three samples of Kalimantan coal, namely RP, MB, and KC, acquired from various mining sources. This research is new study of simulation combustion coal in Drop Tube Furnace using non-premixed turbulent combustion and the Probability Density Function model with structured grid. The study reports on the temperatures and mass fractions of pollutants, including NOX, SO2, and CO2, along the centerline of the domain. The findings show that RP coal produced the highest combustion temperature, while KC coal produced the lowest. MB coal had the highest CO2 mass fraction, KC coal had the highest NOx value, and RP coal had the highest SO2 value.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135195512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transition of energy sources from fossil fuel to biofuel is becoming a major topic in the world towards renewable energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve environmental air quality, and reduce dependence on fossil fuel in the future. This study aims to evaluate the effect of increasing the concentration of oxygenated biofuel in diesel fuel on the emissions of diesel engines. In this study, B30 (30% biodiesel and 70% diesel) was used as a base fuel, and a fraction of pure biodiesel (B100) was added to increase the biodiesel concentration in B30 fuel to create B40 (40% biodiesel and 60% diesel). Furthermore, the addition of 5% and 10% of bioethanol as a fuel additive in the fuel blend was conducted while maintaining a biodiesel concentration of 40%. The effect of bioethanol contained in the fuel blends was tested using a single-cylinder 418 cc diesel engine. The experiment was carried out at an engine speed of 1000–3000 rpm. The result shows that the concentration of the diesel-biodiesel-bioethanol blend affected the emissions produced by the diesel engines. Combustion efficiency increased with the concentration of biodiesel in the diesel fuel, as shown by reduced CO emissions, increased CO2 emissions, and increased NOx emissions at engine speeds of 2000–3000 rpm. In comparison to 5% bioethanol at various engine speeds, adding 10% bioethanol has a disadvantageous effect on the combustion process, increasing CO and HC emissions.
{"title":"Effects of bioethanol addition to the biodiesel-diesel fuel blend on diesel engine exhaust emissions","authors":"Asnawi Asnawi, Muhammad Muhammad, Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i3.3460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i3.3460","url":null,"abstract":"The transition of energy sources from fossil fuel to biofuel is becoming a major topic in the world towards renewable energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve environmental air quality, and reduce dependence on fossil fuel in the future. This study aims to evaluate the effect of increasing the concentration of oxygenated biofuel in diesel fuel on the emissions of diesel engines. In this study, B30 (30% biodiesel and 70% diesel) was used as a base fuel, and a fraction of pure biodiesel (B100) was added to increase the biodiesel concentration in B30 fuel to create B40 (40% biodiesel and 60% diesel). Furthermore, the addition of 5% and 10% of bioethanol as a fuel additive in the fuel blend was conducted while maintaining a biodiesel concentration of 40%. The effect of bioethanol contained in the fuel blends was tested using a single-cylinder 418 cc diesel engine. The experiment was carried out at an engine speed of 1000–3000 rpm. The result shows that the concentration of the diesel-biodiesel-bioethanol blend affected the emissions produced by the diesel engines. Combustion efficiency increased with the concentration of biodiesel in the diesel fuel, as shown by reduced CO emissions, increased CO2 emissions, and increased NOx emissions at engine speeds of 2000–3000 rpm. In comparison to 5% bioethanol at various engine speeds, adding 10% bioethanol has a disadvantageous effect on the combustion process, increasing CO and HC emissions.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135195781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to develop a cutting tool cooling system for lathe machines in dry machining using finned flat heat pipes. The heat pipe is equipped with fins placed at the cutting tool's edge to reduce the cutting tool's temperature. Tests were conducted on conventional lathes with spindle speeds varied from 250 rpm, 540 rpm, and 850 rpm for the 20-minute operation to reduce the workpiece diameter from 22 to 18 mm and 90 mm long. The testing was carried out in three methods: (1) dry cutting process without heat pipe and coolant, (2) cutting process without heat pipe but using coolant, (3) dry cutting process equipped with heat pipe without coolant fluid. The result shows that using heat pipes as a cooling medium significantly influences reducing the cutting tool temperature compared with the dry machining process. The cutting tool temperature can be maintained at 30–40oC when using a heat pipe as part of the cooling system. Using heat pipes as a cutting tool cooling medium also positively affects the cutting tool's life. During the 20-minute with spindle speed 250 rpm machining process, the cutting tool assisted with the heat pipe has not shown wear, while the cutting tool in the dry machining process began to show wear. On the other hand, the cooling process using coolant liquid gives maximum results, so a combination of heat pipes and coolant fluid with a minimum capacity can be recommended as part of the cooling system to improve the cutting tool's performance.
{"title":"Investigation of dry cutting performance in lathes machine using flat heat pipes as part of cooling system","authors":"R. Sukarno","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3314","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to develop a cutting tool cooling system for lathe machines in dry machining using finned flat heat pipes. The heat pipe is equipped with fins placed at the cutting tool's edge to reduce the cutting tool's temperature. Tests were conducted on conventional lathes with spindle speeds varied from 250 rpm, 540 rpm, and 850 rpm for the 20-minute operation to reduce the workpiece diameter from 22 to 18 mm and 90 mm long. The testing was carried out in three methods: (1) dry cutting process without heat pipe and coolant, (2) cutting process without heat pipe but using coolant, (3) dry cutting process equipped with heat pipe without coolant fluid. The result shows that using heat pipes as a cooling medium significantly influences reducing the cutting tool temperature compared with the dry machining process. The cutting tool temperature can be maintained at 30–40oC when using a heat pipe as part of the cooling system. Using heat pipes as a cutting tool cooling medium also positively affects the cutting tool's life. During the 20-minute with spindle speed 250 rpm machining process, the cutting tool assisted with the heat pipe has not shown wear, while the cutting tool in the dry machining process began to show wear. On the other hand, the cooling process using coolant liquid gives maximum results, so a combination of heat pipes and coolant fluid with a minimum capacity can be recommended as part of the cooling system to improve the cutting tool's performance.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124348931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research is to determine the velocity characteristics of fluid (fuel) flow in a pipe surrounded by a minimal magnetic (electromagnetic) field strength by using computational fluid dynamics simulations. For a more detailed discussion, Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) theory is used, which is a branch of science that studies fluid flow that can conduct electric current due to the influence of a magnetic (electromagnet) field. The fuel used is B0, B10, B20 and B30. The magnitude of the electromagnetic field used is 0.15 Tesla. the result is that the flow rate of B0 fuel has decreased by 0.623%. B10 fell to 0.41%. The B20 was down 0.618% and the B30 was down 0.648%. Thus the magnetic field strength of 0.15 Tesla is able to change the speed of the fuel flow even if only slightly. This information is needed as a basis for the development that the magnetic field is able to change the value of the flow velocity, this will provide information related to improving the quality of combustion and fuel savings in the future.
{"title":"Computational analysis of magnetohydrodynamic effects on biodiesel flow rate","authors":"T. H. Nufus","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3292","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to determine the velocity characteristics of fluid (fuel) flow in a pipe surrounded by a minimal magnetic (electromagnetic) field strength by using computational fluid dynamics simulations. For a more detailed discussion, Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) theory is used, which is a branch of science that studies fluid flow that can conduct electric current due to the influence of a magnetic (electromagnet) field. The fuel used is B0, B10, B20 and B30. The magnitude of the electromagnetic field used is 0.15 Tesla. the result is that the flow rate of B0 fuel has decreased by 0.623%. B10 fell to 0.41%. The B20 was down 0.618% and the B30 was down 0.648%. Thus the magnetic field strength of 0.15 Tesla is able to change the speed of the fuel flow even if only slightly. This information is needed as a basis for the development that the magnetic field is able to change the value of the flow velocity, this will provide information related to improving the quality of combustion and fuel savings in the future.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125653605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an experimental study of the addition of green clam shells powder (GCSP) to the biodegradable film properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). To get GCSP, the green clamp shell was immersed in a 50% NaOH solution for 2 hours, blended until the particle size passed 100 mesh, then heated at a temperature of 500 oC for 2 hours. The Biodegradable film characteristic was investigated by the addition of GCSP (2, 4, 8, and 10 %wt) in PVA suspension. PVA/GCSP biodegradable films were prepared by a casting solution method. The GCSP functional group's molecular chemical bond and structural analysis were tested using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). To obtain the mechanical properties of biodegradable films, a tensile test was carried out. The results of the FTIR and XRD test showed that the alkali treatment or/and the calcination process affected the GCSP grain structure. SEM micrographs showed that the grain structure of GCSP which was treated with alkali or/and the calcination process had a more uniform and homogeneous size. The addition of GCSP to PVA was able to increase the tensile strength of the biodegradable film. Overall, the optimal addition of GCSP was 10 wt.% which was calcination treated in a PVA matrix with tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus of 170 MPa, 18%, and 1184 MPa, respectively
{"title":"Effect of green clam shells powder addition on properties biodegradable films of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)","authors":"H. Hestiawan","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3261","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an experimental study of the addition of green clam shells powder (GCSP) to the biodegradable film properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). To get GCSP, the green clamp shell was immersed in a 50% NaOH solution for 2 hours, blended until the particle size passed 100 mesh, then heated at a temperature of 500 oC for 2 hours. The Biodegradable film characteristic was investigated by the addition of GCSP (2, 4, 8, and 10 %wt) in PVA suspension. PVA/GCSP biodegradable films were prepared by a casting solution method. The GCSP functional group's molecular chemical bond and structural analysis were tested using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). To obtain the mechanical properties of biodegradable films, a tensile test was carried out. The results of the FTIR and XRD test showed that the alkali treatment or/and the calcination process affected the GCSP grain structure. SEM micrographs showed that the grain structure of GCSP which was treated with alkali or/and the calcination process had a more uniform and homogeneous size. The addition of GCSP to PVA was able to increase the tensile strength of the biodegradable film. Overall, the optimal addition of GCSP was 10 wt.% which was calcination treated in a PVA matrix with tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus of 170 MPa, 18%, and 1184 MPa, respectively","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121214586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study discusses the design analysis of compression molding cavity and core under 12 tons of pressure and 100oC heat using experimental analysis and Ansys R19.2 simulation. This compression mold is used to process composite materials, mainly thermoset matrix composites. The compression product is a tensile test specimen according to the ASTM D638-4 standard. The main concern of this study aimed to analyze the stress distribution and deflection due to the compression load and heat on the cavity and core of compression molding. Hence, the die construction is safe during the operation under these loads. The analysis was carried out using Von Mises's stress of static loading criteria. The research parameter examined are stress distribution, deflection, and some critical dimensions in the cavity and core. These parameters significantly affect mold performance, product quality, and service life. Experimental analysis shows that the maximum deflection of the cavity and the core is 4.40 x10-4 mm and 1.53 x 10−4 mm, respectively. On the other hand, Simulation analysis shows the maximum deflection of the cavity and core is 4.56 x 10−4 mm and 7.41 x 10-5 mm, respectively. The error between experimental analysis and simulation is 6.87 x 10-5 mm and 3.32 x 10-5 mm for the cavity and the core, respectively. For stress analysis, the maximum value is 37.94 MPa for both cavity and core. On the other hand, simulation analysis shows 262 MPa and 256 MPa for the cavity and core, respectively. Both experimental analysis and simulation show that the result complies with the standard, less than 0,025 mm for deflection, and stress is less than 1034 MPa for maximum stress. Therefore, compression mold structure is safely used.
{"title":"Design analysis of mold cavity and core on compression molding of composite material","authors":"Muslimin Al Masta","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3311","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the design analysis of compression molding cavity and core under 12 tons of pressure and 100oC heat using experimental analysis and Ansys R19.2 simulation. This compression mold is used to process composite materials, mainly thermoset matrix composites. The compression product is a tensile test specimen according to the ASTM D638-4 standard. The main concern of this study aimed to analyze the stress distribution and deflection due to the compression load and heat on the cavity and core of compression molding. Hence, the die construction is safe during the operation under these loads. The analysis was carried out using Von Mises's stress of static loading criteria. The research parameter examined are stress distribution, deflection, and some critical dimensions in the cavity and core. These parameters significantly affect mold performance, product quality, and service life. Experimental analysis shows that the maximum deflection of the cavity and the core is 4.40 x10-4 mm and 1.53 x 10−4 mm, respectively. On the other hand, Simulation analysis shows the maximum deflection of the cavity and core is 4.56 x 10−4 mm and 7.41 x 10-5 mm, respectively. The error between experimental analysis and simulation is 6.87 x 10-5 mm and 3.32 x 10-5 mm for the cavity and the core, respectively. For stress analysis, the maximum value is 37.94 MPa for both cavity and core. On the other hand, simulation analysis shows 262 MPa and 256 MPa for the cavity and core, respectively. Both experimental analysis and simulation show that the result complies with the standard, less than 0,025 mm for deflection, and stress is less than 1034 MPa for maximum stress. Therefore, compression mold structure is safely used.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121225284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaloe Kayoh is a traditional canoe used by Aceh's fishing communities to catch fish in downstream rivers and shallow waters. The current Jaloe Kayoh design does not meet ergonomic aspects, especially in the user's seat position component. It is known from the results of distributing the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire at the initial stage of the study which was distributed to 30 respondents, that 9 out of 27 fisherman's body parts were in the "very high" complaint score. This complaint is also supported by data on the user's sitting position by bending the legs to form an angle of 70°, while the ideal sitting position is with the body upright and bending the legs at an angle of 90°-135°. Because this can lead to complaints that have an impact on the risk of long-term injury such as Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) so this study aims to design a seat for Jaloe Kayoh users according to anthropometric measurements to avoid the risk of long-term injury. The design of the Jaloe Kayoh stand was carried out using the anthropometric approach of Acehnese fishermen and the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method as a reference for researchers to determine the design according to the wishes of the user. The anthropometric dimensions used in this design are popliteal height (PH), buttock-popliteal length (BPL), hip breadth (HB), backrest height (BH), elbow rest height (ERH), and shoulder breadth (SB). Data Calculation from anthropometry produces the 5th, 50th and 95th percentile measurements, which will be used in designing the seat position for Jaloe Kayoh users. The three percentile values result in a new measure of the design; PH is 39.31 cm; BPL of 48.43 cm; HB is 40.31 cm; BH is 61.37 cm; ERH of 100o; SB is 52.26 cm. So based on the QFD method produced by the house of quality, it produces a design for the Jaloe Kayoh seat position that is in accordance with what the user wants
{"title":"Optimization of the jaloe kayoh seat design using the quality function deployment (QFD) method based on anthropometric measurements of the Acehnese Society","authors":"Akram Tamlicha","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3202","url":null,"abstract":"Jaloe Kayoh is a traditional canoe used by Aceh's fishing communities to catch fish in downstream rivers and shallow waters. The current Jaloe Kayoh design does not meet ergonomic aspects, especially in the user's seat position component. It is known from the results of distributing the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire at the initial stage of the study which was distributed to 30 respondents, that 9 out of 27 fisherman's body parts were in the \"very high\" complaint score. This complaint is also supported by data on the user's sitting position by bending the legs to form an angle of 70°, while the ideal sitting position is with the body upright and bending the legs at an angle of 90°-135°. Because this can lead to complaints that have an impact on the risk of long-term injury such as Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) so this study aims to design a seat for Jaloe Kayoh users according to anthropometric measurements to avoid the risk of long-term injury. The design of the Jaloe Kayoh stand was carried out using the anthropometric approach of Acehnese fishermen and the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method as a reference for researchers to determine the design according to the wishes of the user. The anthropometric dimensions used in this design are popliteal height (PH), buttock-popliteal length (BPL), hip breadth (HB), backrest height (BH), elbow rest height (ERH), and shoulder breadth (SB). Data Calculation from anthropometry produces the 5th, 50th and 95th percentile measurements, which will be used in designing the seat position for Jaloe Kayoh users. The three percentile values result in a new measure of the design; PH is 39.31 cm; BPL of 48.43 cm; HB is 40.31 cm; BH is 61.37 cm; ERH of 100o; SB is 52.26 cm. So based on the QFD method produced by the house of quality, it produces a design for the Jaloe Kayoh seat position that is in accordance with what the user wants","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131966315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been applied to simulate boat propellers. The material for boat propellers generally uses a brass alloy metal which is produced by a casting process. The purpose of this study was to simulate CFC propellers, evaluate the hardness and tensile strength of samples cast from the brass alloy used to produce ship propellers. The methods show that turbulent kinetic energy, density streamline characteristic, and velocity distribution are simulated boat propellers with CFD applications. Furthermore, the propeller is cast to observe the surface hardness and tensile strength of the cast alloy. The results revealed that the boundary conditions - which served as the simulation's input parameters, the geometry of the rotating and stationary domains, the geometry and type and number of gratings, the geometric accuracy of the propeller model, mass flow rate, rotational angular velocity, and stationary angular velocity - all had a significant impact on the parameters. Brass alloy and cast alloy raw material hardness values were measured on the surface of the propeller casting product. While 128 HV was attained after casting, the average hardness value for solid cylinders manufactured of the raw metal alloy was 171.67 HV. The three test sessions' stress vs. strain graphs were produced using the Cu-Zn alloy metal's tensile test results. The cast Cu-Zn alloy has a maximum tensile strength of 352 MPa and a maximum yield stress of 330 MPa.
{"title":"Numerical-hydrodynamic analysis, vickers hardness, and tensile test of cast-brass alloy for boat propellers","authors":"Akhyar Akhyar","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3743","url":null,"abstract":"Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been applied to simulate boat propellers. The material for boat propellers generally uses a brass alloy metal which is produced by a casting process. The purpose of this study was to simulate CFC propellers, evaluate the hardness and tensile strength of samples cast from the brass alloy used to produce ship propellers. The methods show that turbulent kinetic energy, density streamline characteristic, and velocity distribution are simulated boat propellers with CFD applications. Furthermore, the propeller is cast to observe the surface hardness and tensile strength of the cast alloy. The results revealed that the boundary conditions - which served as the simulation's input parameters, the geometry of the rotating and stationary domains, the geometry and type and number of gratings, the geometric accuracy of the propeller model, mass flow rate, rotational angular velocity, and stationary angular velocity - all had a significant impact on the parameters. Brass alloy and cast alloy raw material hardness values were measured on the surface of the propeller casting product. While 128 HV was attained after casting, the average hardness value for solid cylinders manufactured of the raw metal alloy was 171.67 HV. The three test sessions' stress vs. strain graphs were produced using the Cu-Zn alloy metal's tensile test results. The cast Cu-Zn alloy has a maximum tensile strength of 352 MPa and a maximum yield stress of 330 MPa.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133384860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JIS SUP 9A leaf spring steel under hot-forging conditions was subjected to full annealing (FA) and single step-quenching-tempering heat treatments (SQT). Tensile test specimens to ASTM E 8 standards have been prepared. The FA process was performed by heating all specimens in the furnace at a constant temperature of 800°C for 2 hours, followed by cooling in the furnace. Then, all test specimens were heat-treated SQT. The SQT process was carried out by heating all samples in a furnace at 800°C for 1 hour and 650°C for 1 hour, each followed by immersion in crude palm oil (CPO) media at a liquid temperature of 70°C until the specimens reached 100°C. The FA process removes internal stresses with high microstructural softness and SQT produces a fine martensitic phase microstructure, which improves mechanical strength (tensile strength and impact strength) with good ductility. Electron and scanning microscopy have been used to determine the concentration of impurities and microstructural changes in relation to the mechanical properties of the specimen concerned. The results showed that the yield limit, maximum tensile stress, and impact energy increased by 113.5%, 16.3%, and 705.2%, respectively. However, hardness decreased by 18.8% for SQT specimens against FA after heat treatment. This research utilizes industrial waste, which is available quite a lot; in the future, it will become an alternative for handling environmental problems. The abundant availability of raw materials and resulting strength-toughness are the main advantages of this heat treatment
JIS SUP 9A钢板弹簧钢在热锻条件下进行了完全退火(FA)和单步调质热处理(SQT)。已准备了符合ASTM e8标准的拉伸试样。FA工艺是将所有试样在炉内800℃恒温加热2小时，然后在炉内冷却。然后对所有试件进行热处理。SQT过程通过在炉中800°C加热1小时和650°C加热1小时进行，然后在70°C的液体温度下浸泡在粗棕榈油(CPO)介质中，直到样品达到100°C。FA工艺消除了内应力，具有较高的组织柔软性，SQT工艺产生了良好的马氏体相组织，提高了机械强度(抗拉强度和冲击强度)，具有良好的延展性。电子显微镜和扫描显微镜已经被用来确定杂质的浓度和微观结构的变化与有关试样的机械性能的关系。结果表明，合金的屈服极限、最大拉应力和冲击能分别提高了115%、16.3%和705.2%。然而，热处理后的SQT试样相对FA的硬度下降了18.8%。本研究利用了工业废弃物，可利用的工业废弃物相当多;在未来，它将成为处理环境问题的另一种选择。原料的丰富可用性和由此产生的强度-韧性是这种热处理的主要优点
{"title":"Effect of Full Annealing and Single Quenching-Tempering Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of JIS SUP 9A Steel","authors":"Andreas Luki Indratmoko","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3523","url":null,"abstract":"JIS SUP 9A leaf spring steel under hot-forging conditions was subjected to full annealing (FA) and single step-quenching-tempering heat treatments (SQT). Tensile test specimens to ASTM E 8 standards have been prepared. The FA process was performed by heating all specimens in the furnace at a constant temperature of 800°C for 2 hours, followed by cooling in the furnace. Then, all test specimens were heat-treated SQT. The SQT process was carried out by heating all samples in a furnace at 800°C for 1 hour and 650°C for 1 hour, each followed by immersion in crude palm oil (CPO) media at a liquid temperature of 70°C until the specimens reached 100°C. The FA process removes internal stresses with high microstructural softness and SQT produces a fine martensitic phase microstructure, which improves mechanical strength (tensile strength and impact strength) with good ductility. Electron and scanning microscopy have been used to determine the concentration of impurities and microstructural changes in relation to the mechanical properties of the specimen concerned. The results showed that the yield limit, maximum tensile stress, and impact energy increased by 113.5%, 16.3%, and 705.2%, respectively. However, hardness decreased by 18.8% for SQT specimens against FA after heat treatment. This research utilizes industrial waste, which is available quite a lot; in the future, it will become an alternative for handling environmental problems. The abundant availability of raw materials and resulting strength-toughness are the main advantages of this heat treatment","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116197302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, the dominance of electricity in Indonesian providers comes from fossil energy which has the potential to increase the average temperature in various parts of the world or is called global warming. The contribution of the national renewable energy potential mix in 2016 ranging from 6.27%, then reaching 11.28% in 2020. The Government has made a long-term plan for the national renewable energy mix to reach 25% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. One of the renewable energy sources is wind energy, which is usually built on a large scale and is separated from settlements so that a long distribution network is required. Conversely, on a small scale, wind energy can be utilized with a simpler distribution network, this concept is called Small Wind Turbine. For a good wind turbine is designed according to the wind characteristics in real-time, so it is necessary to study wind mapping. This research was conducted as a prelude to observing wind characteristics in the form of mapping wind speed and direction in real-time in the northern part of Balikpapan City Region, using the Automatic Weather Station instrument which was carried out August 6 to September 26, 2022. Data processing in this study using the Weibull distribution method with Microsoft Excel. This study shows an average speed of 1.118 m/s in wind conditions with high wind variability with strong gusts, with a power density value of 1.157 Watts/m2. The wind direction tends to be east after the wind gusts are blocked by the building profile.
{"title":"Analysis of wind speed and direction as support for green buildings in urban areas using the weibull method","authors":"Y. Kurniawan","doi":"10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i2.3266","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the dominance of electricity in Indonesian providers comes from fossil energy which has the potential to increase the average temperature in various parts of the world or is called global warming. The contribution of the national renewable energy potential mix in 2016 ranging from 6.27%, then reaching 11.28% in 2020. The Government has made a long-term plan for the national renewable energy mix to reach 25% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. One of the renewable energy sources is wind energy, which is usually built on a large scale and is separated from settlements so that a long distribution network is required. Conversely, on a small scale, wind energy can be utilized with a simpler distribution network, this concept is called Small Wind Turbine. For a good wind turbine is designed according to the wind characteristics in real-time, so it is necessary to study wind mapping. This research was conducted as a prelude to observing wind characteristics in the form of mapping wind speed and direction in real-time in the northern part of Balikpapan City Region, using the Automatic Weather Station instrument which was carried out August 6 to September 26, 2022. Data processing in this study using the Weibull distribution method with Microsoft Excel. This study shows an average speed of 1.118 m/s in wind conditions with high wind variability with strong gusts, with a power density value of 1.157 Watts/m2. The wind direction tends to be east after the wind gusts are blocked by the building profile.","PeriodicalId":166128,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal POLIMESIN","volume":"289 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123270339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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