Microstructure polymer fibers have been extensively researched for their applications in various fields. The design and simulation of these fibers have utilized time-consuming techniques like the finite-difference time-domain and finite element method to facilitate the process. This study proposes an optimal artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting the structural design required to achieve desired optical properties. The ANN model takes various optical properties, including confinement loss, effective index, effective mode area, and wavelengths, as inputs to predict fiber design parameters such as diameter and pitch. To address the challenge of skewed distributions, a data set with a Gaussian-like distribution for confinement loss was generated using a logarithmic transformation method, enabling effective training of machine learning models. Furthermore, the ANN model demonstrates its capability to rapidly predict unknown geometric parameters using only the core mode properties of a polymer fiber, achieving results in a significantly shorter time (3 ms) compared to the trial-and-error approach of finite element method simulation (15 s). The reverse engineering model achieves a mean square error of 3.4877 × 10−06 with five hidden layers. The ANN model not only offers ultrafast calculation speed but also delivers high prediction accuracy, thereby accelerating the design process of optical devices. The differentiation among the prediction result, target, and calculation result provides compelling evidence that the proposed approach is an effective methodology for designing microstructure polymer fibers.
{"title":"Reverse engineering and analysis of microstructure polymer fiber via artificial neural networks: simplifying the design approach","authors":"Afiquer Rahman, Md. Aslam Mollah","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0361","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Microstructure polymer fibers have been extensively researched for their applications in various fields. The design and simulation of these fibers have utilized time-consuming techniques like the finite-difference time-domain and finite element method to facilitate the process. This study proposes an optimal artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting the structural design required to achieve desired optical properties. The ANN model takes various optical properties, including confinement loss, effective index, effective mode area, and wavelengths, as inputs to predict fiber design parameters such as diameter and pitch. To address the challenge of skewed distributions, a data set with a Gaussian-like distribution for confinement loss was generated using a logarithmic transformation method, enabling effective training of machine learning models. Furthermore, the ANN model demonstrates its capability to rapidly predict unknown geometric parameters using only the core mode properties of a polymer fiber, achieving results in a significantly shorter time (3 ms) compared to the trial-and-error approach of finite element method simulation (15 s). The reverse engineering model achieves a mean square error of 3.4877 × 10−06 with five hidden layers. The ANN model not only offers ultrafast calculation speed but also delivers high prediction accuracy, thereby accelerating the design process of optical devices. The differentiation among the prediction result, target, and calculation result provides compelling evidence that the proposed approach is an effective methodology for designing microstructure polymer fibers.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"28 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arun Kumar, Nishant Gaur, Madhavi Mallam, Aziz Nanthaamornphong
Future wireless networks extensively employ the two-dimensional Optical-Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (O-OTFS) modulation system due to its increased dependability, flexibility, and data throughput. When there is a lot of movement, OTFS offers improved connectivity performance. While OFDM functions in the time-frequency domain, O-OTFS modulation acts in the delay-Doppler domain. This study provides an overview of how OTFS functions in the delay-Doppler domain, as well as its benefits and drawbacks. Next-generation networks utilize this modulation method in various applications, such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication, communication in mountainous areas, high-speed mobility, and train communication. This paper provides an easy-to-understand overview of the PAPR algorithms and its reduction in O-OTFS modulation.
{"title":"Enhancing the power amplifier performance of an optical-OTFS modulation for optical communication system","authors":"Arun Kumar, Nishant Gaur, Madhavi Mallam, Aziz Nanthaamornphong","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0378","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Future wireless networks extensively employ the two-dimensional Optical-Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (O-OTFS) modulation system due to its increased dependability, flexibility, and data throughput. When there is a lot of movement, OTFS offers improved connectivity performance. While OFDM functions in the time-frequency domain, O-OTFS modulation acts in the delay-Doppler domain. This study provides an overview of how OTFS functions in the delay-Doppler domain, as well as its benefits and drawbacks. Next-generation networks utilize this modulation method in various applications, such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication, communication in mountainous areas, high-speed mobility, and train communication. This paper provides an easy-to-understand overview of the PAPR algorithms and its reduction in O-OTFS modulation.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139683481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work proposes a hybrid ring-mesh topology basics bidirectional 4 × 40/40 Gbps integrated passive optical network/free space optics (PON/FSO) system. The system incorporates two-dimensional modified fixed right shifting (2D-MFRS) code with enhanced disaster resilience and fault protection capability especially in remote places where the primary fibre may be destroyed. The obtained results depict that proposed system supporting 250 subscribers can provides faithful hybrid 100 km fiber and 1 km FSO transmission. Also, maximum FSO range of 21 km with fixed 50 km fiber distance can be obtained concerning weak-to-strong turbulent and rain with fog weather conditions. In addition, it also offers −39 dB m receiver sensitivity and the proposed design is superb over other work.
{"title":"Disaster resilience hybrid ring-mesh topology basics integrated PON/FSO system incorporating 2D-MFRS code","authors":"Meet Kumari, Vivek Arya","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0330","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work proposes a hybrid ring-mesh topology basics bidirectional 4 × 40/40 Gbps integrated passive optical network/free space optics (PON/FSO) system. The system incorporates two-dimensional modified fixed right shifting (2D-MFRS) code with enhanced disaster resilience and fault protection capability especially in remote places where the primary fibre may be destroyed. The obtained results depict that proposed system supporting 250 subscribers can provides faithful hybrid 100 km fiber and 1 km FSO transmission. Also, maximum FSO range of 21 km with fixed 50 km fiber distance can be obtained concerning weak-to-strong turbulent and rain with fog weather conditions. In addition, it also offers −39 dB m receiver sensitivity and the proposed design is superb over other work.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"4 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract An all optical Gray-to-binary coded decimal (BCD) converter was proposed using nonlinear ring resonators inside square lattice photonic crystals. The proposed structure works based on threshold switching inside nonlinear resonators. The other advantage of the proposed structure is reducing its time response delay. The mean amount of normalized power at the output ports for logic 1 is about 90 %. Also the delay time is about 1 ps.
{"title":"All optical Gray-to-BCD code converter using photonic crystals","authors":"Leila Zarei-Eskikand, A. Andalib","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0174","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An all optical Gray-to-binary coded decimal (BCD) converter was proposed using nonlinear ring resonators inside square lattice photonic crystals. The proposed structure works based on threshold switching inside nonlinear resonators. The other advantage of the proposed structure is reducing its time response delay. The mean amount of normalized power at the output ports for logic 1 is about 90 %. Also the delay time is about 1 ps.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139128895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Gopalan, Kishore Kumar Arjunsingh, Mohanraj Ramya, Jayakumar Thangaraj, Mandyam Venkatanaresh, Kanchana Rajendran, Omar Karem Omran, M. Hossain
Abstract Fiber optic communications have made great strides, and it is now the foundation of our telecommunications and data networking infrastructures. Due to its beneficial characteristics, including low attenuation, a large bandwidth, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, optical fiber is frequently acknowledged as a superior transmission medium. Optical fibers have been widely used to create high speed lines that can transmit either a single wavelength channel or many wavelength channels using wavelength division multiplexing due to their special features (WDM). The maximum speed of commercial fiber-optic cables was only 2.5 Gb/s and can be extended to 1 Tb/s for short and medium distance. The study clarifies the possible transmission distance for different transmission media silica/plastic optical fibers with various optical fiber window transmissions versus environmental ambient temperature variations. The study demonstrated the bad effects of the temperature effects on the optical fiber transmission media (silica/plastic fibers) for various transmission windows.
{"title":"High performance efficiency of optical networking infrastructure characteristics with maximum speed of commercial fiber optic line cables employment","authors":"A. Gopalan, Kishore Kumar Arjunsingh, Mohanraj Ramya, Jayakumar Thangaraj, Mandyam Venkatanaresh, Kanchana Rajendran, Omar Karem Omran, M. Hossain","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0360","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fiber optic communications have made great strides, and it is now the foundation of our telecommunications and data networking infrastructures. Due to its beneficial characteristics, including low attenuation, a large bandwidth, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, optical fiber is frequently acknowledged as a superior transmission medium. Optical fibers have been widely used to create high speed lines that can transmit either a single wavelength channel or many wavelength channels using wavelength division multiplexing due to their special features (WDM). The maximum speed of commercial fiber-optic cables was only 2.5 Gb/s and can be extended to 1 Tb/s for short and medium distance. The study clarifies the possible transmission distance for different transmission media silica/plastic optical fibers with various optical fiber window transmissions versus environmental ambient temperature variations. The study demonstrated the bad effects of the temperature effects on the optical fiber transmission media (silica/plastic fibers) for various transmission windows.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139155799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riyaz Saiyyed, Manoj Sindhwani, Shippu Sachdeva, M. K. Shukla
Abstract The desideratum for high-end communication networks and high-speed data transfer has surged exorbitantly in the contemporary era. To meet this demand, various optical access network technologies have been invented and assembled, including gigabit passive optical networks (GPON), Ethernet passive optical networks (EPON), and wavelength multiplexed passive optical networks (WDM-PON). Due to their huge bandwidth capacity, excellent compatibility, dynamic bandwidth allocation, and dispersion tolerance, these technologies constitute potential substitutes for imparting local loop broadband services. This paper presents a thorough review and comparative analysis of the contemporary evolution in optical access network technologies with an accentuate on their functionality, mechanism, manoeuvre, and applications. We are also looking at the upcoming development of these innovations, including the incorporation of 100 G-EPON connectivity to meet the enhanced bandwidth demands precipitated by IP video, mobile broadband, and the Internet of things (IoT).
摘要 当今时代，人们对高端通信网络和高速数据传输的需求急剧增长。为满足这一需求，各种光接入网技术应运而生，包括千兆无源光网络（GPON）、以太网无源光网络（EPON）和波长复用无源光网络（WDM-PON）。由于其巨大的带宽容量、出色的兼容性、动态带宽分配和色散容限，这些技术成为提供本地环路宽带服务的潜在替代品。本文对当代光接入网络技术的发展进行了全面回顾和比较分析，重点介绍了这些技术的功能、机制、操作和应用。我们还将关注这些创新技术的未来发展，包括 100 G-EPON 连接技术，以满足 IP 视频、移动宽带和物联网 (IoT) 带来的更高带宽需求。
{"title":"Comparative analysis of passive optical networks using multiple parameters: a review","authors":"Riyaz Saiyyed, Manoj Sindhwani, Shippu Sachdeva, M. K. Shukla","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0350","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The desideratum for high-end communication networks and high-speed data transfer has surged exorbitantly in the contemporary era. To meet this demand, various optical access network technologies have been invented and assembled, including gigabit passive optical networks (GPON), Ethernet passive optical networks (EPON), and wavelength multiplexed passive optical networks (WDM-PON). Due to their huge bandwidth capacity, excellent compatibility, dynamic bandwidth allocation, and dispersion tolerance, these technologies constitute potential substitutes for imparting local loop broadband services. This paper presents a thorough review and comparative analysis of the contemporary evolution in optical access network technologies with an accentuate on their functionality, mechanism, manoeuvre, and applications. We are also looking at the upcoming development of these innovations, including the incorporation of 100 G-EPON connectivity to meet the enhanced bandwidth demands precipitated by IP video, mobile broadband, and the Internet of things (IoT).","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"72 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper presents a novel multi-layer secure communication system that bases 2D-OCDMA technology to enhance the security and number of users of the system. The system innovatively combines RSA encryption, polarization multiplexing, and address coding techniques to protect and transmit the data. At the transmitting end, the data is encrypted by algorithm and then encoded by address code. The encoded optical data is split into two orthogonal polarization states and sent over the same channel. At the receiving end, only the optical signals in the matching polarization state can be retrieved by the polarizer with the right angle. The retrieved data is then decoded by the address code and decrypted by the algorithm to recover the original data. This system achieves multi-layer security and capacity enhancement by processing the information at different layers. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated by joint experimental simulation using Java programming language and Optisystem simulation software. In this paper, low BER transmission of 4 code words for 8 users 50 km 1Gbit/s is realized using optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with BER around 10−30. It realizes the enhancement of 4-user to 8-user without affecting the transmission effect.
{"title":"The multi-layer secure communication system based on 2D-OCDMA coding","authors":"Lingchao Kong, Kan Liu, Qiulei Yu, Fenfei Hou","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a novel multi-layer secure communication system that bases 2D-OCDMA technology to enhance the security and number of users of the system. The system innovatively combines RSA encryption, polarization multiplexing, and address coding techniques to protect and transmit the data. At the transmitting end, the data is encrypted by algorithm and then encoded by address code. The encoded optical data is split into two orthogonal polarization states and sent over the same channel. At the receiving end, only the optical signals in the matching polarization state can be retrieved by the polarizer with the right angle. The retrieved data is then decoded by the address code and decrypted by the algorithm to recover the original data. This system achieves multi-layer security and capacity enhancement by processing the information at different layers. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated by joint experimental simulation using Java programming language and Optisystem simulation software. In this paper, low BER transmission of 4 code words for 8 users 50 km 1Gbit/s is realized using optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with BER around 10−30. It realizes the enhancement of 4-user to 8-user without affecting the transmission effect.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"31 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract An orthogonal frequency division multiplexed-radio over free space optics (OFDM-RoFSO) communication system with dual multiplexing is proposed. Eight input data streams are transmitted simultaneously by using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) at level 1 and polarization division multiplexing (PDM) at level 2. Input data streams 1–4 and 5–8 are assigned with same set of carrier frequencies i.e. 193.1 THz, 193.3 THz, 193.5 THz and 193.7 THz and separate polarization levels (X and Y polarized) before transmitting through RoFSO link. A total data rate of 160 Gbps (4 × 2 × 20 Gbps) is achieved in this design. With proposed system, channel performance is evaluated under the influence of atmospheric attenuation and turbulence conditions while measuring system BER, Q-factor, SNR and received power etc. The effect of channel crosstalk is analysed for WDM-PDM dual multiplexed design while considering single input single output (SISO) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) FSO configurations. The overall analysis predicts that a higher transmission rate and improved capacity levels can easily be achieved with dual multiplexed system.
{"title":"Performance analysis of 160 Gbps-60 GHz OFDM-MIMO RoFSO transmission with WDM-PDM dual multiplexing","authors":"Ankur Sood, Rahul Kaushik","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0300","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An orthogonal frequency division multiplexed-radio over free space optics (OFDM-RoFSO) communication system with dual multiplexing is proposed. Eight input data streams are transmitted simultaneously by using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) at level 1 and polarization division multiplexing (PDM) at level 2. Input data streams 1–4 and 5–8 are assigned with same set of carrier frequencies i.e. 193.1 THz, 193.3 THz, 193.5 THz and 193.7 THz and separate polarization levels (X and Y polarized) before transmitting through RoFSO link. A total data rate of 160 Gbps (4 × 2 × 20 Gbps) is achieved in this design. With proposed system, channel performance is evaluated under the influence of atmospheric attenuation and turbulence conditions while measuring system BER, Q-factor, SNR and received power etc. The effect of channel crosstalk is analysed for WDM-PDM dual multiplexed design while considering single input single output (SISO) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) FSO configurations. The overall analysis predicts that a higher transmission rate and improved capacity levels can easily be achieved with dual multiplexed system.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The wavelength division multiplexed radio over free space optics (WDM RoFSO) system is a paramount candidate to provide extended range thus enabling efficient last mile connectivity. But the conventional design is unable to transmit the information up to larger distances under harsh climate conditions. An improved 16 channel WDM-RoFSO system is proposed and simulated which yields quality transmission for extended range under the attenuation of 5.8 dB/km, 7.7 dB/km, 9.2 dB/km and 26 dB/km for foggy and rainy conditions respectively. A radio frequency (RF) signal of 60 GHz is modulated over an optical signal carrier and successfully transported with cumulative 16 × 10 Gbps bit rate up to 3.75 km in foggy environment. The link range is augmented by 1.65 km, 0.9 km, 1.8 km & 1 km for light fog, moderate fog, moderate rainfall and heavy rainfall conditions respectively.
{"title":"Range augmentation of 16 × 60 GHz WDM RoFSO system in foggy & rainy weather","authors":"Kamaldeep Kaur, A. Nain","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0316","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The wavelength division multiplexed radio over free space optics (WDM RoFSO) system is a paramount candidate to provide extended range thus enabling efficient last mile connectivity. But the conventional design is unable to transmit the information up to larger distances under harsh climate conditions. An improved 16 channel WDM-RoFSO system is proposed and simulated which yields quality transmission for extended range under the attenuation of 5.8 dB/km, 7.7 dB/km, 9.2 dB/km and 26 dB/km for foggy and rainy conditions respectively. A radio frequency (RF) signal of 60 GHz is modulated over an optical signal carrier and successfully transported with cumulative 16 × 10 Gbps bit rate up to 3.75 km in foggy environment. The link range is augmented by 1.65 km, 0.9 km, 1.8 km & 1 km for light fog, moderate fog, moderate rainfall and heavy rainfall conditions respectively.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zainab Nazakat, Mahnoor Kaleem, Farhan Qamar, Romana Shahzadi
Abstract The fifth generation is considered as the revolutionary technology around the world, but this revolution brings many challenges along with it, especially when employ the advance properties such as massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antennae, network densification and new spectrum exploration etc. One more challenge which we consider working on is the cost effective, secure backhaul communication system. The connection of massive and large traffic cells with the core network by using backhaul demands extraordinary requirements concerning availability, latency, capacity, cost efficiency and most importantly security. In the present work, we demonstrated the security implementation in 5G backhaul network by securing RoF signal through optical chaos generated by semiconductor laser. RoF signal of 60 GHz is generated in unlicensed band and after chaos masking with chaos, signal is transmitted over optical fiber to analyze the results. Simulations are carried out by using licensed software (Optisystem version 14.0) and results are analyzed by using multiple data rates and fiber lengths. Moreover, analysis of our scheme is carried out by using RZ and NRZ formats and by varying the power of the laser.
{"title":"Secure RoF based 5G backhaul communication using semiconductor laser generated optical chaos","authors":"Zainab Nazakat, Mahnoor Kaleem, Farhan Qamar, Romana Shahzadi","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0296","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The fifth generation is considered as the revolutionary technology around the world, but this revolution brings many challenges along with it, especially when employ the advance properties such as massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antennae, network densification and new spectrum exploration etc. One more challenge which we consider working on is the cost effective, secure backhaul communication system. The connection of massive and large traffic cells with the core network by using backhaul demands extraordinary requirements concerning availability, latency, capacity, cost efficiency and most importantly security. In the present work, we demonstrated the security implementation in 5G backhaul network by securing RoF signal through optical chaos generated by semiconductor laser. RoF signal of 60 GHz is generated in unlicensed band and after chaos masking with chaos, signal is transmitted over optical fiber to analyze the results. Simulations are carried out by using licensed software (Optisystem version 14.0) and results are analyzed by using multiple data rates and fiber lengths. Moreover, analysis of our scheme is carried out by using RZ and NRZ formats and by varying the power of the laser.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138973001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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