C. Rina Ratri, Q. Sabrina, T. Lestariningsih, Salsabila Zakiyyah
Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite membrane as separator-cum-electrolyte for li-ion battery was prepared via solution casting method. Hydrophilicity of PVA helped to substitute flammable, toxic solvents with deionised water. Lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) electrolyte salt was incorporated in the membrane to form flexible self-standing membrane of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE). To further enhance the ionic conductivity, CPE membrane was immersed in 1M LiBOB salt dissolved in deionised water. Neat PVA membrane would have been dissolved instantly in any solution involving water; introduction of LiBOB electrolyte salt deprived the hydrogen bond which transform it into an insoluble CPE membrane. EIS measurement showed that salt immersion boosted the CPE membrane ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude, from 4.77×10–7 S/cm to 1.93×10–3 S/cm at room temperature.
{"title":"Performance Enhancement of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Li-Ion Battery Through Salt Immersion Process","authors":"C. Rina Ratri, Q. Sabrina, T. Lestariningsih, Salsabila Zakiyyah","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite membrane as separator-cum-electrolyte for li-ion battery was prepared via solution casting method. Hydrophilicity of PVA helped to substitute flammable, toxic solvents with deionised water. Lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) electrolyte salt was incorporated in the membrane to form flexible self-standing membrane of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE). To further enhance the ionic conductivity, CPE membrane was immersed in 1M LiBOB salt dissolved in deionised water. Neat PVA membrane would have been dissolved instantly in any solution involving water; introduction of LiBOB electrolyte salt deprived the hydrogen bond which transform it into an insoluble CPE membrane. EIS measurement showed that salt immersion boosted the CPE membrane ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude, from 4.77×10–7 S/cm to 1.93×10–3 S/cm at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77043775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Fuzamy Mohd Abdul Fatah, M. N. Murat, Noorashrina A. Hamid
Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferum (LSCF) with addition of copper oxide (CuO) can serve as an alternate cathode material in Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IT-SOFC) due to its strong catalytic activity for oxygen reduction process at intermediate temperatures and great chemical compatibility. This study was done to determine the viability of LSCF–CuO composite as a material for the IT-SOFC cathode. The cathode powder was synthesised using the conventional solid-state process at intermediate temperatures range (600ºC–900ºC). The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that when LSCF was calcined at temperatures over 600ºC, the weight loss curve flattened. In the meantime, x-ray diffraction revealed that the perovskite structure of LSCF-CuO was completely formed after calcined at 800ºC. Moreover, the Brunauer– Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscope investigations demonstrated that as the calcination temperature rose, the LSCF–CuO particles tended to grow. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigation revealed polarisation resistance of samples calcined at 800ºC (0.41 Ωcm2) was significantly lower than that of samples calcined at 600ºC (29.57 Ωcm2). Judging from chemical, physical and electrochemical properties, it is evidence that LSCF-CuO prepared via simple solid-state reaction has a potential to be used as cathode material for IT-SOFC.
{"title":"Physiochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Ferum–Copper (II) Oxide Prepared via Solid State Reaction","authors":"Ahmad Fuzamy Mohd Abdul Fatah, M. N. Murat, Noorashrina A. Hamid","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferum (LSCF) with addition of copper oxide (CuO) can serve as an alternate cathode material in Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IT-SOFC) due to its strong catalytic activity for oxygen reduction process at intermediate temperatures and great chemical compatibility. This study was done to determine the viability of LSCF–CuO composite as a material for the IT-SOFC cathode. The cathode powder was synthesised using the conventional solid-state process at intermediate temperatures range (600ºC–900ºC). The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that when LSCF was calcined at temperatures over 600ºC, the weight loss curve flattened. In the meantime, x-ray diffraction revealed that the perovskite structure of LSCF-CuO was completely formed after calcined at 800ºC. Moreover, the Brunauer– Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscope investigations demonstrated that as the calcination temperature rose, the LSCF–CuO particles tended to grow. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigation revealed polarisation resistance of samples calcined at 800ºC (0.41 Ωcm2) was significantly lower than that of samples calcined at 600ºC (29.57 Ωcm2). Judging from chemical, physical and electrochemical properties, it is evidence that LSCF-CuO prepared via simple solid-state reaction has a potential to be used as cathode material for IT-SOFC.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73848138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This manuscript reports the fabrication of polyethersulfone (PES)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) composite membrane for gas separation. ZIF-L is a new type of nanosheet metal-organic frameworks that can selectively separate CO2. Hypothetically, its presence in the selective layer will simultaneously improve CO2 permeance and selectivity. The effect of four parameters (PDMS concentration, withdrawal speed, holding time and ZIF-L:PDMS ratio) involved during the fabrication process on the separation performance were thoroughly looked at. Except for ZIF-L:PDMS ratio, it was found that, all parameters have a significant influence on both, the thickness of selective layer and amount of ZIF-L present. ZIF-L:PDMS ratio has substantial impact on the ZIF-L adhered on the support. The ideal fabrication condition was 3 wt% PDMS concentration, 5 mm/s withdrawal speed, 120s holding time and 1:1 ZIF-L:PDMS ratio. At these conditions, the composite membrane recorded 4.25 GPU, 15.71 GPU and 8.93 GPU of CO2 permeance, CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivity, respectively.
{"title":"Fabrication of PES/PDMS/ZIF-L Composite Membrane for CO2, N2 and CH4 Permeation","authors":"M. S. Shah Buddin, A. Ahmad","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript reports the fabrication of polyethersulfone (PES)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) composite membrane for gas separation. ZIF-L is a new type of nanosheet metal-organic frameworks that can selectively separate CO2. Hypothetically, its presence in the selective layer will simultaneously improve CO2 permeance and selectivity. The effect of four parameters (PDMS concentration, withdrawal speed, holding time and ZIF-L:PDMS ratio) involved during the fabrication process on the separation performance were thoroughly looked at. Except for ZIF-L:PDMS ratio, it was found that, all parameters have a significant influence on both, the thickness of selective layer and amount of ZIF-L present. ZIF-L:PDMS ratio has substantial impact on the ZIF-L adhered on the support. The ideal fabrication condition was 3 wt% PDMS concentration, 5 mm/s withdrawal speed, 120s holding time and 1:1 ZIF-L:PDMS ratio. At these conditions, the composite membrane recorded 4.25 GPU, 15.71 GPU and 8.93 GPU of CO2 permeance, CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivity, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78547697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Marjunus, Yusril Al Fath, Y. Yulianti, W. Widanarto
Chemical reactions simulation in detecting hydrogen gas (H2) on Pt80Au14Ti6 sensor surface based on work function change (Δɸ) has been conducted. The simulation result is compared with laboratory results of detecting H2 gas. Three chemical reactions contained three coverages, H coverage (θH), O coverage (θO), and H2O coverage (θH2O). The simulation was run using MATLAB. This research can find the reaction parameter values such as the Arrhenius coefficient of H2O forming reaction on Pt (υf3Pt), H2O forming reaction on Au (υf3Au), i.e., H2O dissociation on Au (υf3Au ), O2 desorption on Ti (υd2Ti), H2O forming reaction on Ti (υf3Ti), and H2O dissociation on Ti (υf3Ti), i.e., 7.5×1014 s–1, 9.85×1015 s–1, 3.25×1015 s–1, 7.11×1015 s–1, 3.425×1015 s–1 and 2.725×1015 s–1, respectively. The simulation results also have the same trend as the laboratory results. However, the contact potential difference (CPD) simulation result, i.e., –240 mV, is not the same as the laboratory result, (–297± 9) mV. In addition, this simulation also obtained approximation coverage for atoms/molecules on PT80Au14Ti6 surface, i.e., θH = 0.665154 Mono Layer (ML); θO = 1.5621× 10–6 ML; and θH2O = 5.41676 ×10–5 ML.
{"title":"Simulation of Pt80Au14Ti6 Work Function Change-Based Sensor of H2 Gas","authors":"R. Marjunus, Yusril Al Fath, Y. Yulianti, W. Widanarto","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical reactions simulation in detecting hydrogen gas (H2) on Pt80Au14Ti6 sensor surface based on work function change (Δɸ) has been conducted. The simulation result is compared with laboratory results of detecting H2 gas. Three chemical reactions contained three coverages, H coverage (θH), O coverage (θO), and H2O coverage (θH2O). The simulation was run using MATLAB. This research can find the reaction parameter values such as the Arrhenius coefficient of H2O forming reaction on Pt (υf3Pt), H2O forming reaction on Au (υf3Au), i.e., H2O dissociation on Au (υf3Au ), O2 desorption on Ti (υd2Ti), H2O forming reaction on Ti (υf3Ti), and H2O dissociation on Ti (υf3Ti), i.e., 7.5×1014 s–1, 9.85×1015 s–1, 3.25×1015 s–1, 7.11×1015 s–1, 3.425×1015 s–1 and 2.725×1015 s–1, respectively. The simulation results also have the same trend as the laboratory results. However, the contact potential difference (CPD) simulation result, i.e., –240 mV, is not the same as the laboratory result, (–297± 9) mV. In addition, this simulation also obtained approximation coverage for atoms/molecules on PT80Au14Ti6 surface, i.e., θH = 0.665154 Mono Layer (ML); θO = 1.5621× 10–6 ML; and θH2O = 5.41676 ×10–5 ML.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72510220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koay Seong Chun, Subhramani Thangamuthu, Chan Ming Yeng, Ong Thai Kiat
Styrofoam is amongst one of the highly used packaging materials due to its lightweight and vibration isolate properties. The usage of styrofoam rises yearly, but it is seldom received by the recycling facilities to recycle the post-consumed styrofoam due to the poor economic viability. The objective of this research is to investigate the potential value of recycling post-consumed styrofoam as feedstock in producing sustainable composite materials. Therefore, this study would increase the feasibility and interest in recycling of styrofoam and indirectly continue the life cycle of styrofoam waste. In this study, the composites with varying compositions were of recycled polystyrene (rPS), coconut shell (CS) and maleated polystyrene (MAPS) compounded using an internal mixer. The effects of compositions on torque rheological, flexural and morphological properties of the composites were investigated. The findings showed that rPS/CS composites filled with more CS content possesses higher processing torque due to increase in viscosity. However, addition of MAPS lowered the viscosity of composites. The flexural properties revealed that the rPS/CS composites without MAPS exhibited the highest flexural strength and modulus of 33.5 MPa and 3.1 GPa, respectively, when the CS content was measured at 30 wt%. Then, the addition of MAPS improved on average 29% of flexural strength and 14% of flexural modulus, individually. The results from scanning electron microscopy showed that the addition of MAPS had improved the interfacial adhesion between rPS matrix and CS particles, which resulted in an improvement on flexural properties. The flexural properties of rPS/CS composites are comparable to wood plastic composites (WPC) as found in literature, which demonstrates its potential to be used in applications similar to WPC.
{"title":"Effect of Coupling Agent on Properties of Composites Made from Styrofoam Waste and Coconut Shell","authors":"Koay Seong Chun, Subhramani Thangamuthu, Chan Ming Yeng, Ong Thai Kiat","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Styrofoam is amongst one of the highly used packaging materials due to its lightweight and vibration isolate properties. The usage of styrofoam rises yearly, but it is seldom received by the recycling facilities to recycle the post-consumed styrofoam due to the poor economic viability. The objective of this research is to investigate the potential value of recycling post-consumed styrofoam as feedstock in producing sustainable composite materials. Therefore, this study would increase the feasibility and interest in recycling of styrofoam and indirectly continue the life cycle of styrofoam waste. In this study, the composites with varying compositions were of recycled polystyrene (rPS), coconut shell (CS) and maleated polystyrene (MAPS) compounded using an internal mixer. The effects of compositions on torque rheological, flexural and morphological properties of the composites were investigated. The findings showed that rPS/CS composites filled with more CS content possesses higher processing torque due to increase in viscosity. However, addition of MAPS lowered the viscosity of composites. The flexural properties revealed that the rPS/CS composites without MAPS exhibited the highest flexural strength and modulus of 33.5 MPa and 3.1 GPa, respectively, when the CS content was measured at 30 wt%. Then, the addition of MAPS improved on average 29% of flexural strength and 14% of flexural modulus, individually. The results from scanning electron microscopy showed that the addition of MAPS had improved the interfacial adhesion between rPS matrix and CS particles, which resulted in an improvement on flexural properties. The flexural properties of rPS/CS composites are comparable to wood plastic composites (WPC) as found in literature, which demonstrates its potential to be used in applications similar to WPC.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89865809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. E. H. Ku Ishak, S. F. Saiyid Hashim, Khairun Azizi Mohd Azizli, S. Palaniandy, H. Hussin
High quartz content in clay substantially impacts the grinding of raw mix, quality of clinker and final cement produced. The presence of quartz requires very fine grinding and a long sintering time to react significantly, all of which are very expensive. This study assessed an extensive plant sample which involved a vertical roller mill to determine the correlation between quartz content in clay to the 90 μm residue, feed rate, clinker microstructure and mill power. The characterisation study performed on raw materials revealed three clay categories based on quartz content, namely low, normal and high quartz at (42.4%–48.8%), (57.1%–64.9%) and (81.5%–89.3%), respectively. The grinding test showed an increment of 90 μm residue for high-quartz clay. Meanwhile, high, medium and low feed rates generated the most coarse, coarse and fine products, respectively. Based on the distribution curve of mill products, high quartz content in clay significantly reduced the particles passing percentage. Coarser particles were observed to be present in mill products for the high-quartz category compared to the low-quartz clay and normal-quartz clay, signifying inadequate size reduction for the high-quartz clay in the vertical roller miller. The power consumption was higher (7.2 kWh/t–9.0 kWh/t) for grinding raw mixes that contained high-quartz clay than low-quartz clay. This study provided a significant relationship between grindability and the amount of quartz content in clay with the purpose of optimising the grinding process when dealing with high-quartz content in clay.
{"title":"Effect of Quartz in Clay on Grindability of Raw Mixes for Cement Production","authors":"K. E. H. Ku Ishak, S. F. Saiyid Hashim, Khairun Azizi Mohd Azizli, S. Palaniandy, H. Hussin","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"High quartz content in clay substantially impacts the grinding of raw mix, quality of clinker and final cement produced. The presence of quartz requires very fine grinding and a long sintering time to react significantly, all of which are very expensive. This study assessed an extensive plant sample which involved a vertical roller mill to determine the correlation between quartz content in clay to the 90 μm residue, feed rate, clinker microstructure and mill power. The characterisation study performed on raw materials revealed three clay categories based on quartz content, namely low, normal and high quartz at (42.4%–48.8%), (57.1%–64.9%) and (81.5%–89.3%), respectively. The grinding test showed an increment of 90 μm residue for high-quartz clay. Meanwhile, high, medium and low feed rates generated the most coarse, coarse and fine products, respectively. Based on the distribution curve of mill products, high quartz content in clay significantly reduced the particles passing percentage. Coarser particles were observed to be present in mill products for the high-quartz category compared to the low-quartz clay and normal-quartz clay, signifying inadequate size reduction for the high-quartz clay in the vertical roller miller. The power consumption was higher (7.2 kWh/t–9.0 kWh/t) for grinding raw mixes that contained high-quartz clay than low-quartz clay. This study provided a significant relationship between grindability and the amount of quartz content in clay with the purpose of optimising the grinding process when dealing with high-quartz content in clay.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78623595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) is a potential method for extracting ibuprofen (IBP) from aqueous solution. The concentrations of the carrier, surfactant and internal phases are important parameters to optimise the extraction efficiency of IBP. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) is used to optimise the main parameters of ELM, which are Aliquat 336 (A), Span 80 (B) and sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 (C). The responses were calculated using quadratic polynomial regression and the model suggests a significant result with the experimental data set, with the F-value and p-value calculated at 17.88% and 0.05%, respectively. Span 80 and Na2CO3 had a mutual interaction which was significant for the IBP extraction by ELM. At the optimised parameters, namely Aliquat 336 concentration (2 wt%), Span 80 concentration (4 wt%) and Na2CO3 concentration (0.1 M) resulted in 96.78% of IBP extraction.
{"title":"Optimisation of Ibuprofen Extraction by Emulsion Liquid Membrane Using Box-Behnken Design","authors":"Mohd Hazarel Zairy Mohd Harun, A. Ahmad","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) is a potential method for extracting ibuprofen (IBP) from aqueous solution. The concentrations of the carrier, surfactant and internal phases are important parameters to optimise the extraction efficiency of IBP. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) is used to optimise the main parameters of ELM, which are Aliquat 336 (A), Span 80 (B) and sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 (C). The responses were calculated using quadratic polynomial regression and the model suggests a significant result with the experimental data set, with the F-value and p-value calculated at 17.88% and 0.05%, respectively. Span 80 and Na2CO3 had a mutual interaction which was significant for the IBP extraction by ELM. At the optimised parameters, namely Aliquat 336 concentration (2 wt%), Span 80 concentration (4 wt%) and Na2CO3 concentration (0.1 M) resulted in 96.78% of IBP extraction.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75824758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamisah Ismail, Z. Zainuddin, H. Mohamad, Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid
Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were synthesised using the coprecipitation method, with different concentrations (5 M, 10 M, 11 M, 12 M and 13.4 M) of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the precipitation agent. The resulting powder was characterised using x-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). All characterisations were performed at room temperature. The XRD results showed that the γ-Fe2O3 powder was in a single phase for samples synthesised using 11 M, 12 M and 13.4 M NaOH and the crystallite size ranged between 5.74 nm–6.42 nm. TEM observations and analysis showed that the particles were in a cubo-spheroidal shape and the mean physical size of the nanoparticles was between 8.52 nm and 8.59 nm. Hysteresis loop indicated that γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have superparamagnetic properties with an acceptable range of saturation magnetisation of 31.08 emu/g–48.88 emu/g and negligible coercivity value. MTT assay demonstrated that the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles exhibited biocompatibility with V79-4 cells at different dosages (1000 μg/mL–50 μg/mL) for 48 h. The results suggested that maghemite can be a valuable low-cost biomagnetic material in biomedical applications.
{"title":"Compatibility of Concentrated NaOH as a Precipitation Agent in the Synthesis of Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles via Co-precipitation Method","authors":"Hamisah Ismail, Z. Zainuddin, H. Mohamad, Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were synthesised using the coprecipitation method, with different concentrations (5 M, 10 M, 11 M, 12 M and 13.4 M) of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the precipitation agent. The resulting powder was characterised using x-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). All characterisations were performed at room temperature. The XRD results showed that the γ-Fe2O3 powder was in a single phase for samples synthesised using 11 M, 12 M and 13.4 M NaOH and the crystallite size ranged between 5.74 nm–6.42 nm. TEM observations and analysis showed that the particles were in a cubo-spheroidal shape and the mean physical size of the nanoparticles was between 8.52 nm and 8.59 nm. Hysteresis loop indicated that γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have superparamagnetic properties with an acceptable range of saturation magnetisation of 31.08 emu/g–48.88 emu/g and negligible coercivity value. MTT assay demonstrated that the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles exhibited biocompatibility with V79-4 cells at different dosages (1000 μg/mL–50 μg/mL) for 48 h. The results suggested that maghemite can be a valuable low-cost biomagnetic material in biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87676449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles were synthesised by an environment-friendly process using the moringa oleifera leaf extract. The synthesised BFO nanoparticles were used as nanofiller to synthesise PVA-PANI-BFO polymernanocomposite membrane. Also, the PVA-PANI polymer membrane was synthesised for a comparative study purpose between PVA-PANI and PVA-PANI-BFO membranes. Both the polymer and polymer-nanocomposite membranes were synthesised by the solution cast technique. The Green synthesised BFO nanoparticles and the synthesised membranes were characterised by spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), RAMAN and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD patterns confirm the BiFeO3 phase of the synthesised BFO nanoparticles, as well as the existence of PVA, PANI and BFO in the membrane. The Raman spectrum for the synthesised nanoparticles exhibits BFO characteristic bands. The bands of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyaniline (PANI) are also seen for the membranes. FTIR spectrum indicates some phytochemicals as the functional groups in the synthesised BFO nanoparticles. The surface structures of the synthesised membranes were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Ionic conductivities of the synthesised membranes were calculated by estimating bulk resistance of them from Cole-Cole plots that were obtained with the help of an impedance spectrometer. The conductivities of the membranes change with the relative humidity (RH).
{"title":"Green Synthesised Bismuth Ferrite for PVA-PANI-BFO Polymer-Nanocomposite Membrane: Impacts on Ionic Conductivity with Variation of Relative Humidity","authors":"Diptarka Roy, Kamlesh Pandey, A. Yadav","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles were synthesised by an environment-friendly process using the moringa oleifera leaf extract. The synthesised BFO nanoparticles were used as nanofiller to synthesise PVA-PANI-BFO polymernanocomposite membrane. Also, the PVA-PANI polymer membrane was synthesised for a comparative study purpose between PVA-PANI and PVA-PANI-BFO membranes. Both the polymer and polymer-nanocomposite membranes were synthesised by the solution cast technique. The Green synthesised BFO nanoparticles and the synthesised membranes were characterised by spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), RAMAN and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD patterns confirm the BiFeO3 phase of the synthesised BFO nanoparticles, as well as the existence of PVA, PANI and BFO in the membrane. The Raman spectrum for the synthesised nanoparticles exhibits BFO characteristic bands. The bands of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyaniline (PANI) are also seen for the membranes. FTIR spectrum indicates some phytochemicals as the functional groups in the synthesised BFO nanoparticles. The surface structures of the synthesised membranes were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Ionic conductivities of the synthesised membranes were calculated by estimating bulk resistance of them from Cole-Cole plots that were obtained with the help of an impedance spectrometer. The conductivities of the membranes change with the relative humidity (RH).","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88150195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this paper is to compare and investigate the radiation attenuation properties of Mundrabilla and NWA 7629 meteorites in terms of the photon, fast neutron and charged particles. The linear attenuation coefficients of Mundrabilla are higher than those of NWA 7629. The half value layers, tenth value layers and mean free paths of NWA 7629 are greater than those of Mundrabilla. The effective atomic number, effective electron density, equivalent atomic number and effective conductivity of the Mundrabilla are nearly constant between 0.015 MeV–15 MeV. Both the exposure build-up factors and energy absorption build-up factors are maximum at 0.8 MeV for Mundrabilla and NWA 7629. The projected/ continuous-slowing-down approximation (CSDA) ranges for charged particles for NWA 7629 are higher than those of Mundrabilla. The fast neutron attenuation of Mundrabilla is better than those of NWA 7629. Consequently, it can be concluded that photon, fast neutron and charged particles attenuation capability of Mundrabilla are better than NWA 7629 due to the nickel content, higher density and higher content of iron.
{"title":"A Comparative Study on the Radiation Attenuation Properties of Iron and Stony Meteorites: A Case of Mundrabilla and NWA 7629 Meteorites","authors":"C. Eke","doi":"10.21315/aos2022.33.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/aos2022.33.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to compare and investigate the radiation attenuation properties of Mundrabilla and NWA 7629 meteorites in terms of the photon, fast neutron and charged particles. The linear attenuation coefficients of Mundrabilla are higher than those of NWA 7629. The half value layers, tenth value layers and mean free paths of NWA 7629 are greater than those of Mundrabilla. The effective atomic number, effective electron density, equivalent atomic number and effective conductivity of the Mundrabilla are nearly constant between 0.015 MeV–15 MeV. Both the exposure build-up factors and energy absorption build-up factors are maximum at 0.8 MeV for Mundrabilla and NWA 7629. The projected/ continuous-slowing-down approximation (CSDA) ranges for charged particles for NWA 7629 are higher than those of Mundrabilla. The fast neutron attenuation of Mundrabilla is better than those of NWA 7629. Consequently, it can be concluded that photon, fast neutron and charged particles attenuation capability of Mundrabilla are better than NWA 7629 due to the nickel content, higher density and higher content of iron.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80017697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：