In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoballs were directly deposited on porous silicon (PS) substrates using RF magnetron sputtering method. The PS substrates were synthesised at room temperature via metal assisted chemical etching technique. The structural, surface morphological and cross-sectional properties of as prepared ZnO nanoballs were investigated by x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques, respectively. The interaction of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) gas molecules with sensing layer and all sensing properties under lower detection limit (2 ppm–100 ppm) were studied in detail. The proposed ZnO nanoballs sensor chip exhibits high sensing response (29.2%) with fast response/recovery times (70 sec/96 sec) to 20 ppm NO2 in dry air at 250°C. Thus, the findings recommend the viability of ZnO nanoballs sensor as highly sensitive and selective NO2 gas sensor at moderate operating temperature regime.
{"title":"RF Sputtered ZnO Nanoballs on Porous Substrate for Highly Sensitive NO2 Gas Sensing Applications","authors":"Pankaj Varshney, Vinay Kumar, Pankaj R. Singh, Ramphal Sharma, Arvind Kumar","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoballs were directly deposited on porous silicon (PS) substrates using RF magnetron sputtering method. The PS substrates were synthesised at room temperature via metal assisted chemical etching technique. The structural, surface morphological and cross-sectional properties of as prepared ZnO nanoballs were investigated by x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques, respectively. The interaction of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) gas molecules with sensing layer and all sensing properties under lower detection limit (2 ppm–100 ppm) were studied in detail. The proposed ZnO nanoballs sensor chip exhibits high sensing response (29.2%) with fast response/recovery times (70 sec/96 sec) to 20 ppm NO2 in dry air at 250°C. Thus, the findings recommend the viability of ZnO nanoballs sensor as highly sensitive and selective NO2 gas sensor at moderate operating temperature regime.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82975965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The magnetic lens (magnetic field lens) uses a magnetic field rather than an equipotential plane. This work presents a modelling of the design of a focused magnetic lens. Its main purpose is to reveal the possibility of this lens to eliminate aberrations and to determine the extent of its potential to be included in the design of electron microscopes and electron beam melting systems. This work was accomplished by using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. The magnetic lens was tested to determine the possibility of its inclusion in electron microscopes by changing the bore radius from 1 to 4 step by step. The proposed mathematical model was proven as an excellent tool in electron optics.
{"title":"Performance and Analysis of a Designed Magnetic Lens for Microscopic Applications","authors":"Emad H. Ahmed, Adnan K. Hasan","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic lens (magnetic field lens) uses a magnetic field rather than an equipotential plane. This work presents a modelling of the design of a focused magnetic lens. Its main purpose is to reveal the possibility of this lens to eliminate aberrations and to determine the extent of its potential to be included in the design of electron microscopes and electron beam melting systems. This work was accomplished by using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. The magnetic lens was tested to determine the possibility of its inclusion in electron microscopes by changing the bore radius from 1 to 4 step by step. The proposed mathematical model was proven as an excellent tool in electron optics.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80568213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Rosli, German A. Islan, R. Hasham, Guillermo R. Castro, Azila Abdul Aziz
This research focused on the formulation of Ca2+ cross-linked alginate (Alg) gels containing Zingiber officinale oil extract (ZOE) loaded into a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC). The NLC is intended to protect the Zingiber officinale oil against physical and chemical degradation during topical administration to sustain the drug release and reduce drug leakage during storage. The NLC was prepared using hot homogenisation and ultrasonication of glyceryl monostearate. Virgin coconut oil was used as the liquid lipid. The NLC-ZOE had a mean size diameter of 100 nm and a zeta potential value of −40 mV. The ZOE released from NLC followed the Korsmeyer- Peppas model case I (Fickian diffusion). The NLC-ZOE formulation was then incorporated into Alg. The gels were prepared via ionotropic gelation in the presence of calcium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Alg films revealed successful intercalation of NLC within the Alg matrix. The in vitro ZOE release from NLC-ZOEAlg occurred in a sustained manner from the cross-linked Alg hydrogels compared to the free NLC. The profiles of NLC-ZOE released from the Alg films depended on the nanoparticles amount. The results demonstrated the importance of designing a local delivery system to entrap and control the release of the bioactive components of ZOE from within the Alg matrix. Ca2+ cross-linked Alg gels containing ZOE loaded into NLC was found to be suitable for topical delivery applications, as shown by the sustained release of ZOE from calcium cross-linked Alg films containing NLC that was demonstrated in this study.
{"title":"Incorporation of Nanoparticles Based on Zingiber Officinale Essential Oil into Alginate Films for Sustained Release","authors":"N. Rosli, German A. Islan, R. Hasham, Guillermo R. Castro, Azila Abdul Aziz","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"This research focused on the formulation of Ca2+ cross-linked alginate (Alg) gels containing Zingiber officinale oil extract (ZOE) loaded into a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC). The NLC is intended to protect the Zingiber officinale oil against physical and chemical degradation during topical administration to sustain the drug release and reduce drug leakage during storage. The NLC was prepared using hot homogenisation and ultrasonication of glyceryl monostearate. Virgin coconut oil was used as the liquid lipid. The NLC-ZOE had a mean size diameter of 100 nm and a zeta potential value of −40 mV. The ZOE released from NLC followed the Korsmeyer- Peppas model case I (Fickian diffusion). The NLC-ZOE formulation was then incorporated into Alg. The gels were prepared via ionotropic gelation in the presence of calcium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Alg films revealed successful intercalation of NLC within the Alg matrix. The in vitro ZOE release from NLC-ZOEAlg occurred in a sustained manner from the cross-linked Alg hydrogels compared to the free NLC. The profiles of NLC-ZOE released from the Alg films depended on the nanoparticles amount. The results demonstrated the importance of designing a local delivery system to entrap and control the release of the bioactive components of ZOE from within the Alg matrix. Ca2+ cross-linked Alg gels containing ZOE loaded into NLC was found to be suitable for topical delivery applications, as shown by the sustained release of ZOE from calcium cross-linked Alg films containing NLC that was demonstrated in this study.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73449716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karn Sourprae, E. Kalkornsurapranee, N. Lehman, Arthittaya Chuaybamrung, A. Tuljittraporn, Y. Nakaramontri, A. Krainoi, J. Johns, L. Songtipya, N. Uthaipan
This research was conducted to study x-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, effective electron density for the xBi2O3-(95-x)B2O3-5BaO (where x = 20 mol%, 35 mol%, 50 mol%, and 70 mol%) glass systems with different molar composition. The studied ceramic specimens were denoted by BB20, BB35, BB50 and BB70 and their density values were 4.438 g/cm3, 5.973 g/cm3, 7.156 g/cm3, and 8.005 g/cm3, respectively. Radiation shielding parameters of the samples were investigated by using web based XCOM programme. The obtained results revealed that the highest mass attenuation coefficients were reported for BB70 sample, which has the highest Bi2O3 additive in its chemical structure. At 7 MeV photon energy, half value layer (HVL) values were reported as 5.7812 cm, 3.8065 cm, 2.8533 cm, and 2.2457 cm for BB20, BB35, BB50 and BB70, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the present bismuth sesquioxide based glasses in the Bi2O3-B2O3-BaO glass system have a good quality in radiation protection purposes. Therefore, this glass system can be used as an alternative to conventional materials with the right molar compositon in its chemical formation.
{"title":"Leather-Like Material Based on Natural Rubber Composites","authors":"Karn Sourprae, E. Kalkornsurapranee, N. Lehman, Arthittaya Chuaybamrung, A. Tuljittraporn, Y. Nakaramontri, A. Krainoi, J. Johns, L. Songtipya, N. Uthaipan","doi":"10.21315/aos2022.33.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/aos2022.33.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to study x-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, effective electron density for the xBi2O3-(95-x)B2O3-5BaO (where x = 20 mol%, 35 mol%, 50 mol%, and 70 mol%) glass systems with different molar composition. The studied ceramic specimens were denoted by BB20, BB35, BB50 and BB70 and their density values were 4.438 g/cm3, 5.973 g/cm3, 7.156 g/cm3, and 8.005 g/cm3, respectively. Radiation shielding parameters of the samples were investigated by using web based XCOM programme. The obtained results revealed that the highest mass attenuation coefficients were reported for BB70 sample, which has the highest Bi2O3 additive in its chemical structure. At 7 MeV photon energy, half value layer (HVL) values were reported as 5.7812 cm, 3.8065 cm, 2.8533 cm, and 2.2457 cm for BB20, BB35, BB50 and BB70, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the present bismuth sesquioxide based glasses in the Bi2O3-B2O3-BaO glass system have a good quality in radiation protection purposes. Therefore, this glass system can be used as an alternative to conventional materials with the right molar compositon in its chemical formation.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88341506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Slow evaporation method was adopted to grow barium succinate (BS) single crystals for the first time and diamond shape crystals were successfully synthesised with dimension 14 mm3 × 17 mm3 × 4 mm3. Single crystal x-ray diffraction studies show that the crystal system is monoclinic. Powder x-ray diffraction studies confirmed the crystallinity of the grown BS crystal. From energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis the presence of barium metal was confirmed. The functional group of the BS crystal was confirmed from fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. The crystals were found to be hydrated and thermally stable up to 150°C. BS crystal possesses good transmittance in the wavelength range 250 nm–1200 nm and it is non-linear optical (NLO) active material. The BS crystals have mechanical softness and normal dielectric behaviour.
{"title":"Study of Physico-Chemical Properties and Growth Dimension Augmentation of Barium Succinate Single Crystals Grown by Slow Evaporation Technique","authors":"Christy D. S., Sahaya Shajan X., Mahadevan C. K.","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Slow evaporation method was adopted to grow barium succinate (BS) single crystals for the first time and diamond shape crystals were successfully synthesised with dimension 14 mm3 × 17 mm3 × 4 mm3. Single crystal x-ray diffraction studies show that the crystal system is monoclinic. Powder x-ray diffraction studies confirmed the crystallinity of the grown BS crystal. From energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis the presence of barium metal was confirmed. The functional group of the BS crystal was confirmed from fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. The crystals were found to be hydrated and thermally stable up to 150°C. BS crystal possesses good transmittance in the wavelength range 250 nm–1200 nm and it is non-linear optical (NLO) active material. The BS crystals have mechanical softness and normal dielectric behaviour.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85443674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acrylic resin is the dominant material that is broadly utilised to produce partial and complete dentures. The exposure of the denture-base acrylic resins to the oral environment as well as storing media for a certain period causes saliva sorption. In this study, composite materials-based polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) reinforced with 1 wt% of glass fibres and (3, 6 and 9 wt%) yttrium oxide (Y2O3 ) have been prepared, and the addition influence upon some mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, hardness and surface roughness) has been investigated. Afterward, the mechanical properties of composite materials afterimmersion in artificialsaliva forseven days have been evaluated. The results show that the Y2O3 percentage is 6%, which possesses a perfect feature. Thus, such a sample may be an encouraging material for achieving the needed properties for denture use. Furthermore, all mechanical properties were decreased after immersion in synthetic saliva.
{"title":"Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Polymer Composites for Denture Applications","authors":"J. K. Oleiwi, A. A. Mohammed","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Acrylic resin is the dominant material that is broadly utilised to produce partial and complete dentures. The exposure of the denture-base acrylic resins to the oral environment as well as storing media for a certain period causes saliva sorption. In this study, composite materials-based polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) reinforced with 1 wt% of glass fibres and (3, 6 and 9 wt%) yttrium oxide (Y2O3 ) have been prepared, and the addition influence upon some mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, hardness and surface roughness) has been investigated. Afterward, the mechanical properties of composite materials afterimmersion in artificialsaliva forseven days have been evaluated. The results show that the Y2O3 percentage is 6%, which possesses a perfect feature. Thus, such a sample may be an encouraging material for achieving the needed properties for denture use. Furthermore, all mechanical properties were decreased after immersion in synthetic saliva.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75619789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. K. Chaudhary, Yogesh Singh Maharjan, Sanju Shrestha, Surendra Maharjan, S. Shrestha, L. Joshi
Monitoring and remediation of toxic and flammable gases have become a critical task for the development of a clean society. Among various types of metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered a potential material for gas sensing application because of its high sensitivity, easy synthesis, and high thermal stability behaviours. This research aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the sensing task of a very stable and porous thin film of spin coated ZnO for detecting toxic ammonia vapour at room temperature. As-prepared ZnO films were characterised by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) analyses. XRD and SEM results revealed the polycrystalline wurtzite ZnO phase with grainy surface morphology. Optical calculations quantify the direct band gap of ZnO as 3.2 eV. The sensitivity measurements showed a good response ratio of 38.5 ± 0.6 with an exposure of 400 ppm of ammonia vapour. The results on sensitivity measurement of several cycles illustrated its stability and sensing performance better than other reported similar works. These findings will be useful to develop a low cost and efficient room temperature MOS gas sensor that can efficiently detect extremely low concentrations as 20 ppm of ammonia vapour which is below the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommended value.
{"title":"Sensing Performance of a ZnO-based Ammonia Sensor","authors":"D. K. Chaudhary, Yogesh Singh Maharjan, Sanju Shrestha, Surendra Maharjan, S. Shrestha, L. Joshi","doi":"10.21315/jps2022.33.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2022.33.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring and remediation of toxic and flammable gases have become a critical task for the development of a clean society. Among various types of metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered a potential material for gas sensing application because of its high sensitivity, easy synthesis, and high thermal stability behaviours. This research aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the sensing task of a very stable and porous thin film of spin coated ZnO for detecting toxic ammonia vapour at room temperature. As-prepared ZnO films were characterised by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) analyses. XRD and SEM results revealed the polycrystalline wurtzite ZnO phase with grainy surface morphology. Optical calculations quantify the direct band gap of ZnO as 3.2 eV. The sensitivity measurements showed a good response ratio of 38.5 ± 0.6 with an exposure of 400 ppm of ammonia vapour. The results on sensitivity measurement of several cycles illustrated its stability and sensing performance better than other reported similar works. These findings will be useful to develop a low cost and efficient room temperature MOS gas sensor that can efficiently detect extremely low concentrations as 20 ppm of ammonia vapour which is below the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommended value.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77867617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydroxyapatite (HA) has great potential as a reinforcing filler for poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base materials. Nevertheless, filler particles need to be homogeneously distributed throughout the PMMA particles to get the maximum benefit from using the filler. Therefore, the physical mixing of the powder components (PMMA and the filler) is strongly preferred to provide the required dispersion of the filler in the matrix. However, conventional techniques that have been tried, such as hand mixing and stirrer mixing techniques, were not effective. Therefore, the current study was designed to experimentally investigate the effect of different mixing times on the fracture toughness of PMMA/HA using a developed ball milling method. In this study, heat cured PMMA reinforced with 15 wt% HA ceramic powder was ground for different times (i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40 min) via the technique of planetary ball milling (PBM). The ground powder mixtures were used for the fabrication of denture base testing samples. The particle size and distribution of the PMMA/HA composites after milling for several times were determined by the laser light scattering technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the PMMA/HA composites were obtained. However, no new phase was observed. The effects of mixing time using the PBM technique on the fracture toughness were investigated. The effect of mixing time on the microporosity (voids) on the fractured surface of PMMA/HA was studied with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Within the limitation of the current study, 30 min is considered the optimum mixing time for the tested PMMA/HA composite.
{"title":"Fracture Toughness of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)/Hydroxyapatite Denture Base Composite: Effect of Planetary Ball Milling Mixing Time","authors":"Jamal Moammar Aldabib, Z. M. Mohd Ishak","doi":"10.21315/jps2021.32.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2021.32.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyapatite (HA) has great potential as a reinforcing filler for poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base materials. Nevertheless, filler particles need to be homogeneously distributed throughout the PMMA particles to get the maximum benefit from using the filler. Therefore, the physical mixing of the powder components (PMMA and the filler) is strongly preferred to provide the required dispersion of the filler in the matrix. However, conventional techniques that have been tried, such as hand mixing and stirrer mixing techniques, were not effective. Therefore, the current study was designed to experimentally investigate the effect of different mixing times on the fracture toughness of PMMA/HA using a developed ball milling method. In this study, heat cured PMMA reinforced with 15 wt% HA ceramic powder was ground for different times (i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40 min) via the technique of planetary ball milling (PBM). The ground powder mixtures were used for the fabrication of denture base testing samples. The particle size and distribution of the PMMA/HA composites after milling for several times were determined by the laser light scattering technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the PMMA/HA composites were obtained. However, no new phase was observed. The effects of mixing time using the PBM technique on the fracture toughness were investigated. The effect of mixing time on the microporosity (voids) on the fractured surface of PMMA/HA was studied with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Within the limitation of the current study, 30 min is considered the optimum mixing time for the tested PMMA/HA composite.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74214276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multifunctional magneto-luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesised by an ultrasonic wave-assisted Stöber method. The multifunctional NPs are composed of magnetic NPs (Fe3O4) and photoluminescent quantum dots (QDs) (ZnS:Mn) in amorphous silica (SiO2) matrix, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The multifunctional NPs have high saturation magnetisation at room temperature simultaneously with strong photoluminescence (PL) in visible light, which is promising for biomedical applications.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characteristics of Multifunctional Magneto-luminescent Nanoparticles by an Ultrasonic Wave-assisted Stӧber Method","authors":"Tien-Dung Chu, H. Nguyen","doi":"10.21315/jps2021.32.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2021.32.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Multifunctional magneto-luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesised by an ultrasonic wave-assisted Stöber method. The multifunctional NPs are composed of magnetic NPs (Fe3O4) and photoluminescent quantum dots (QDs) (ZnS:Mn) in amorphous silica (SiO2) matrix, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The multifunctional NPs have high saturation magnetisation at room temperature simultaneously with strong photoluminescence (PL) in visible light, which is promising for biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89566571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dylan Jia Yee Tong, S. Koay, M. Chan, K. Tshai, T. K. Ong, Y. Buys
Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) process uses electrodes made from graphite that wear out over time and are turned into scrap. In this research, EDM electrode scraps were recycled and turned into graphite powder (rGP). This rGP was used as a conductive filler to produce conductive polymer composite (CPC) material by combining it with polypropylene (PP) resin via melt compounding and compression moulding processes. The percolation threshold of this composite material changed when 30 wt% of rGP was added, whereby the insulative material changed became antistatic. The composite was able to achieve surface resistivity as low as 105 ohm/sq. However, the addition of higher rGP content deteriorated the tensile properties of composite, whereby the tensile strength of composite significantly decreased as compared to neat PP. The results also showed that the tensile modulus of this composite became higher, and the material became more brittle as compared to neat PP. However, the PP/rGP composite with 50 wt% filler content reduced the tensile modulus due to plasticising effect caused by the agglomeration of rGP. The addition of high filler content on PP/rGP composite also caused an increase in processing torque. This was due to the restriction of rGP particles to the melt flow of molten PP. The morphological analysis found that the PP/rGP composites with higher amounts of filler content were highly agglomerated and formed conductivity paths within the PP matrix. The increase of rGP content highly improved the thermal stability of composite. The findings of this study show that the rGP has the potential to be used as a conductive filler for producing conductive composite material.
{"title":"Conductive Polymer Composites Made from Polypropylene and Recycled Graphite Scrap","authors":"Dylan Jia Yee Tong, S. Koay, M. Chan, K. Tshai, T. K. Ong, Y. Buys","doi":"10.21315/jps2021.32.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2021.32.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) process uses electrodes made from graphite that wear out over time and are turned into scrap. In this research, EDM electrode scraps were recycled and turned into graphite powder (rGP). This rGP was used as a conductive filler to produce conductive polymer composite (CPC) material by combining it with polypropylene (PP) resin via melt compounding and compression moulding processes. The percolation threshold of this composite material changed when 30 wt% of rGP was added, whereby the insulative material changed became antistatic. The composite was able to achieve surface resistivity as low as 105 ohm/sq. However, the addition of higher rGP content deteriorated the tensile properties of composite, whereby the tensile strength of composite significantly decreased as compared to neat PP. The results also showed that the tensile modulus of this composite became higher, and the material became more brittle as compared to neat PP. However, the PP/rGP composite with 50 wt% filler content reduced the tensile modulus due to plasticising effect caused by the agglomeration of rGP. The addition of high filler content on PP/rGP composite also caused an increase in processing torque. This was due to the restriction of rGP particles to the melt flow of molten PP. The morphological analysis found that the PP/rGP composites with higher amounts of filler content were highly agglomerated and formed conductivity paths within the PP matrix. The increase of rGP content highly improved the thermal stability of composite. The findings of this study show that the rGP has the potential to be used as a conductive filler for producing conductive composite material.","PeriodicalId":16757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79096240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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