Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.814
L. Rossi, Paola Tizzano, E. Malaspina, F. Moscano, P. Gualandi, Francesca Rossi, Valentina Francia, A. Atti, A. Parmeggiani
Background: The Internet is a significant source of information for adolescents, affecting their life and health. The online Pro Anorexia (Pro Ana) phenomenon is a growing danger. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence of the Pro Ana phenomenon in an Italian sample of patients affected by Eating Disorders.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional analysis that examines two different samples of patients affected by eating disorders at different points in time, in 2017 and 2020. This study was conducted by using a seven-item anonymous questionnaire specifically developed by the authors to collect data on knowledge and visitation of websites and Social Networks Sites related to "pro-ana" and "thinspiration" content. Results: More than 80% of the respondents in both samples use the Internet daily. From 2017 to 2020 we observed a rise of the phenomenon among the adolescents of our sample. In 2020 76% of the patients knew of sites emphasizing a marked thinness as an ideal of beauty, 60% knew of Pro Ana sites and 22% visited them. Conclusions: Our data confirm that in Italy too, Pro Ana is a diffused phenomenon, of which clinicians need to be consistently aware especially when treating adolescents with ED. Patients with ED mainly visit diet and nutrition sites, and it is important to acknowledge this practice in order to prevent and address ED in early adolescence. Although few subjects claim to visit Pro Ana websites, the majority is aware of these sites and therefore they are potential users. Many patients assert that they are familiar with websites promoting excessive thinness as ideal beauty, which supports the bio-psycho-social etiopathogenetic model of Anorexia Nervosa. Information sharing and prevention work are important forms of interventions for families, teachers and clinicians, who together care for adolescent patients with ED.Level of evidence: Level IV (descriptive, cross-sectional study examining case series of patients with Eating Disorders)
{"title":"Eating Disorders and the Internet: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Monitoring The Pro Ana Phenomenon in An Italian Sample.","authors":"L. Rossi, Paola Tizzano, E. Malaspina, F. Moscano, P. Gualandi, Francesca Rossi, Valentina Francia, A. Atti, A. Parmeggiani","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.814","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: The Internet is a significant source of information for adolescents, affecting their life and health. The online Pro Anorexia (Pro Ana) phenomenon is a growing danger. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence of the Pro Ana phenomenon in an Italian sample of patients affected by Eating Disorders.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional analysis that examines two different samples of patients affected by eating disorders at different points in time, in 2017 and 2020. This study was conducted by using a seven-item anonymous questionnaire specifically developed by the authors to collect data on knowledge and visitation of websites and Social Networks Sites related to \"pro-ana\" and \"thinspiration\" content. Results: More than 80% of the respondents in both samples use the Internet daily. From 2017 to 2020 we observed a rise of the phenomenon among the adolescents of our sample. In 2020 76% of the patients knew of sites emphasizing a marked thinness as an ideal of beauty, 60% knew of Pro Ana sites and 22% visited them. Conclusions: Our data confirm that in Italy too, Pro Ana is a diffused phenomenon, of which clinicians need to be consistently aware especially when treating adolescents with ED. Patients with ED mainly visit diet and nutrition sites, and it is important to acknowledge this practice in order to prevent and address ED in early adolescence. Although few subjects claim to visit Pro Ana websites, the majority is aware of these sites and therefore they are potential users. Many patients assert that they are familiar with websites promoting excessive thinness as ideal beauty, which supports the bio-psycho-social etiopathogenetic model of Anorexia Nervosa. Information sharing and prevention work are important forms of interventions for families, teachers and clinicians, who together care for adolescent patients with ED.Level of evidence: Level IV (descriptive, cross-sectional study examining case series of patients with Eating Disorders)","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"814-819"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82979257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.818
R. Brannan, Hannah Helton, E. Beverly, M. Russell
Background The practice of gluten-free diets is on the rise, evidenced by the increase in gluten-free sales from $2.8 billion in 2015 to a projected $7.6 billion in 2020. People with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity are required to avoid gluten containing products. It is important that registered dietitians are knowledgeable about this topic due to the prevalence and popularity of the gluten-free diet by those with or without celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Methods A mixed methods approach using qualitative (focus group) was used to generate topics for a quantitative (survey) that assessed knowledge and perceptions of a gluten-free diet from a representative sample of 508 registered dietitians.ResultsOver 18% of respondents incorrectly identified gluten as a carbohydrate. Additionally, less than 80% of RDs correctly identified the presence or absence of gluten in semolina, spelt, kamut, and buckwheat. Regarding perceptions of a gluten-free diet, participants reported that the public is not aware of what gluten is, a gluten-free diet is not appropriate for the general public or weight loss, and the gluten-free diet is a fad when used outside of celiac disease and nonceliac gluten sensitivity.ConclusionsThere is a need for improved education of a gluten-free diet in the areas of sources of gluten, labeling, and gluten-related disorders among Registered Dietitians.
{"title":"Assessing US Registered Dietitians Knowledge and Perceptions of a Gluten-Free Diet: A Mixed Methods Approach","authors":"R. Brannan, Hannah Helton, E. Beverly, M. Russell","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.818","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background The practice of gluten-free diets is on the rise, evidenced by the increase in gluten-free sales from $2.8 billion in 2015 to a projected $7.6 billion in 2020. People with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity are required to avoid gluten containing products. It is important that registered dietitians are knowledgeable about this topic due to the prevalence and popularity of the gluten-free diet by those with or without celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Methods A mixed methods approach using qualitative (focus group) was used to generate topics for a quantitative (survey) that assessed knowledge and perceptions of a gluten-free diet from a representative sample of 508 registered dietitians.ResultsOver 18% of respondents incorrectly identified gluten as a carbohydrate. Additionally, less than 80% of RDs correctly identified the presence or absence of gluten in semolina, spelt, kamut, and buckwheat. Regarding perceptions of a gluten-free diet, participants reported that the public is not aware of what gluten is, a gluten-free diet is not appropriate for the general public or weight loss, and the gluten-free diet is a fad when used outside of celiac disease and nonceliac gluten sensitivity.ConclusionsThere is a need for improved education of a gluten-free diet in the areas of sources of gluten, labeling, and gluten-related disorders among Registered Dietitians.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87501023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-26DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJNUTRIFOODSCI.2021.1151
I. Sharma, Y. Liao, X. Zheng, Kanwar Ys
Obesity related nephropathy disorders have increased ten-folds in recent years. One of the consequences of obesity is an increased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) that leads to an enlargement of the renal glomerulus, i.e., glomerulomegaly. This heightened hyper-filtration in the setting of type 2 diabetes irreparably damages the kidney and leads to the progression of an End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Patients suffering from type 2 diabetes have progressive proteinuria, and eventually one third of them develop Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and ESRD. For ameliorating the progression of CKD inhibitors of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) seemed to be effective, but for short-term basis only. Long term and stable treatment strategies like weight loss via restricted or hypo-caloric diet or bariatric surgery have yielded more promising results in terms of proteinuria and maintenance of GFR. Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered as a traditional marker for obesity onset, but apparently, it is not a reliable indicator, and thus there is a need for more precise evaluation of regional fat distribution and amount of muscle mass. With respect to the pathogenesis, recent investigations have suggested perturbation in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism as the critical mediators in ectopic renal lipid accumulation, inflammation, increased generation of ROS, RAAS activation and consequential tubulo-interstitial fibrosis. This review summarizes the renewed approaches for obesity assessment and evaluation of the pathogenesis of CKD, altered renal hemodynamics and potential therapeutic targets.
近年来，与肥胖相关的肾病增加了10倍。肥胖的后果之一是肾小球滤过率(GFR)增加，导致肾小球增大，即肾小球肿大。在2型糖尿病患者中，这种升高的超滤会对肾脏造成不可修复的损害，并导致终末期肾病(ESRD)的进展。2型糖尿病患者有进行性蛋白尿，最终三分之一的患者发展为慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)和ESRD。为了改善CKD的进展，肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统抑制剂(RAAS)似乎是有效的，但只是短期的基础。长期稳定的治疗策略，如通过限制或低热量饮食或减肥手术减肥，在蛋白尿和维持GFR方面产生了更有希望的结果。体重指数(Body Mass Index, BMI)被认为是肥胖发病的传统标志，但显然，它不是一个可靠的指标，因此需要更精确地评估区域脂肪分布和肌肉量。关于发病机制，最近的研究表明，脂肪酸和胆固醇代谢的紊乱是异位肾脂质积累、炎症、ROS生成增加、RAAS激活和随之而来的小管间质纤维化的关键介质。本文综述了肥胖评估和CKD发病机制、肾脏血流动力学改变和潜在治疗靶点的新方法。
{"title":"Metabolic Disorder Perturb Renal Homeostasis","authors":"I. Sharma, Y. Liao, X. Zheng, Kanwar Ys","doi":"10.26420/AUSTINJNUTRIFOODSCI.2021.1151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/AUSTINJNUTRIFOODSCI.2021.1151","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity related nephropathy disorders have increased ten-folds in recent years. One of the consequences of obesity is an increased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) that leads to an enlargement of the renal glomerulus, i.e., glomerulomegaly. This heightened hyper-filtration in the setting of type 2 diabetes irreparably damages the kidney and leads to the progression of an End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Patients suffering from type 2 diabetes have progressive proteinuria, and eventually one third of them develop Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and ESRD. For ameliorating the progression of CKD inhibitors of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) seemed to be effective, but for short-term basis only. Long term and stable treatment strategies like weight loss via restricted or hypo-caloric diet or bariatric surgery have yielded more promising results in terms of proteinuria and maintenance of GFR. Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered as a traditional marker for obesity onset, but apparently, it is not a reliable indicator, and thus there is a need for more precise evaluation of regional fat distribution and amount of muscle mass. With respect to the pathogenesis, recent investigations have suggested perturbation in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism as the critical mediators in ectopic renal lipid accumulation, inflammation, increased generation of ROS, RAAS activation and consequential tubulo-interstitial fibrosis. This review summarizes the renewed approaches for obesity assessment and evaluation of the pathogenesis of CKD, altered renal hemodynamics and potential therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79542887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.801
Marília Porto Oliveira Nunes, A. Lustosa, Hildênia B Ribeiro, Júlio César Chaves Nunes Filho, M. Guedes
Objective: To relate the nutritional status of children allergic to cow's milk protein to the factors that interfere in the nutritional deficit. Methodology: It is a descriptive cross-sectional and quantitative approach carried out in the outpatient clinic for food allergy of a Children’s Hospital in Ceara, whose sampling is non-probabilistic sample of convenience and includes children up to 48 months of age. The variables of interest were: sex, age, age at diagnosis, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, use of infant formula, weight and stature. The data collection was carried out from March to June 2015 through anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis related and associated all the variables, obtaining as a result significant p<0.05. Results: The study included 342 children with a mean age of 7.50 months (± 6.51), being 53.50% boys and 46.50% girls. The average weight of the population was 8.03 kg (± 3.85), height was 67.68 cm (± 9.66) and BMI was 17.22 Kg/m2 (± 8.87). The average time for diagnosis of allergy to cow's milk protein was 8.98 months (± 7.90) and the average time of exclusive breastfeeding was 2.58 months (± 2.16). Conclusions: It was found that there was adequacy of weight and height in most children. However, some factors may have positively influenced the results as: age at which the allergy was diagnosed, age at which there was introduction of formulas, duration of breastfeeding and participation in the program of cow's milk protein allergy.
目的:探讨牛奶蛋白过敏儿童营养状况与影响营养缺乏的因素之间的关系。方法:采用描述性横断面和定量方法，在塞阿勒儿童医院的食物过敏门诊进行，其抽样为方便的非概率抽样，包括48个月以下的儿童。感兴趣的变量是:性别、年龄、诊断时的年龄、纯母乳喂养的持续时间、婴儿配方奶粉的使用、体重和身材。数据收集于2015年3月至6月，通过人体测量(体重和身高)和半结构化问卷的应用进行。对各变量进行相关分析，p<0.05。结果:本组患儿342例，平均年龄7.50月龄(±6.51)，男童占53.50%，女童占46.50%。人口平均体重8.03 kg(±3.85)，身高67.68 cm(±9.66)，BMI 17.22 kg /m2(±8.87)。诊断为牛奶蛋白过敏的平均时间为8.98个月(±7.90)，纯母乳喂养的平均时间为2.58个月(±2.16)。结论:绝大多数儿童体重、身高均属正常。然而，一些因素可能会对结果产生积极影响，如:诊断过敏的年龄、引入配方奶粉的年龄、母乳喂养的持续时间和参与牛奶蛋白过敏计划。
{"title":"Nutritional Assessment in Children with Allergy to Cow's Milk Protein","authors":"Marília Porto Oliveira Nunes, A. Lustosa, Hildênia B Ribeiro, Júlio César Chaves Nunes Filho, M. Guedes","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.801","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To relate the nutritional status of children allergic to cow's milk protein to the factors that interfere in the nutritional deficit. Methodology: It is a descriptive cross-sectional and quantitative approach carried out in the outpatient clinic for food allergy of a Children’s Hospital in Ceara, whose sampling is non-probabilistic sample of convenience and includes children up to 48 months of age. The variables of interest were: sex, age, age at diagnosis, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, use of infant formula, weight and stature. The data collection was carried out from March to June 2015 through anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis related and associated all the variables, obtaining as a result significant p<0.05. Results: The study included 342 children with a mean age of 7.50 months (± 6.51), being 53.50% boys and 46.50% girls. The average weight of the population was 8.03 kg (± 3.85), height was 67.68 cm (± 9.66) and BMI was 17.22 Kg/m2 (± 8.87). The average time for diagnosis of allergy to cow's milk protein was 8.98 months (± 7.90) and the average time of exclusive breastfeeding was 2.58 months (± 2.16). Conclusions: It was found that there was adequacy of weight and height in most children. However, some factors may have positively influenced the results as: age at which the allergy was diagnosed, age at which there was introduction of formulas, duration of breastfeeding and participation in the program of cow's milk protein allergy.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75688717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.793
Muhammad Tuseef Asghar, Y. Yusof, M. Mokhtar, Mohammad Effendy Yaacob, H. Ghazali, Lee Sin Chang
Coconut palm (Cocos Nucifera L.) sugar with its low GI value and micro and macro nutrition contents is focused in developed countries as a natural alternative to unhealthy cane sugar and more beneficial for farmers as compared with copra production and cane sugar production. Coconut palm sugar (CPS) is available in the forms of syrup, blocks and granular sugar. Granular CPS can be a better substitute for regular sugar as it would be convenient and healthy to use. CPS is important therapeutically as it is an antioxidant, antidiabetic, renal treatment, menstrual disorder treatment, and treatment for deficiencies of hemoglobin and vitamins. CPS production is less than demand due to lack of advanced production technologies. Coconut sap contains 12-15% sugar and very susceptible to spontaneous fermentation and converted to alcohol. It is necessary to utilize or process the sap as soon as possible. Traditional production is unhygienic, laborious and time-consuming keeps many coconut farmers away from CPS production even production of CPS can earn more economic benefits for local farmers. It can be produced traditionally by evaporation of coconut sap at 115oC to 120oC for 3 to 5 hours. Advanced techniques like vacuum drying, freeze drying, and spray drying etc. can also be used for hygienic but small in quantity and more costly production of CPS. Dry granulation may be a low-cost technique for mass production of granular CPS. It can be best stored at moisture content less than 2-4%.
{"title":"A Review of Nutritional Facts, Production, Availability and FutureAspects of Coconut Palm Sugar","authors":"Muhammad Tuseef Asghar, Y. Yusof, M. Mokhtar, Mohammad Effendy Yaacob, H. Ghazali, Lee Sin Chang","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.793","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut palm (Cocos Nucifera L.) sugar with its low GI value and micro and macro nutrition contents is focused in developed countries as a natural alternative to unhealthy cane sugar and more beneficial for farmers as compared with copra production and cane sugar production. Coconut palm sugar (CPS) is available in the forms of syrup, blocks and granular sugar. Granular CPS can be a better substitute for regular sugar as it would be convenient and healthy to use. CPS is important therapeutically as it is an antioxidant, antidiabetic, renal treatment, menstrual disorder treatment, and treatment for deficiencies of hemoglobin and vitamins. CPS production is less than demand due to lack of advanced production technologies. Coconut sap contains 12-15% sugar and very susceptible to spontaneous fermentation and converted to alcohol. It is necessary to utilize or process the sap as soon as possible. Traditional production is unhygienic, laborious and time-consuming keeps many coconut farmers away from CPS production even production of CPS can earn more economic benefits for local farmers. It can be produced traditionally by evaporation of coconut sap at 115oC to 120oC for 3 to 5 hours. Advanced techniques like vacuum drying, freeze drying, and spray drying etc. can also be used for hygienic but small in quantity and more costly production of CPS. Dry granulation may be a low-cost technique for mass production of granular CPS. It can be best stored at moisture content less than 2-4%.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81193839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.817
J. A. Suárez-Cuenca, Diana Elisa Díaz-Jiménez, J. Pineda-Juárez, Alondra Gissel Mendoza Mota, Ofelia Dinora Valencia-Aldana, Said Núñez-Angeles, Eduardo Vera-Gómez, Alej, ro Hernández-Patricio, Mónica Escamilla-Tilch, Pavel Loeza-Magaña, J. Lara-Vargas, R. Vaca, J. Martínez, Ángel Alfonso Garduño-Pérez, Beatriz Barranco-Fragoso, J. Montoya-Ramírez, María AngélicaDíaz-Ar, Roberto Carlos Chaparro-Hernández, Alberto Melchor-López, S. García, J. Gutiérrez-Salinas, P. Mondragón‐Terán
Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MS) has been related to the unbalance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines; where adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, is considered to play a key metabolic role. The consumption of certain micronutrients has been claimed to modify pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Aim: To explore whether dietary micronutrients are related with plasma adiponectin in patients with MS. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis. Quartiles of dietary bioactive compounds were compared according to values of plasma adiponectin. Interquartile variation (IQV) and correlation analyses were performed. Results: There was a significant IQV of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (between 50%-66% of change, p25 vs p75, p<0.05), particularly for trans-fatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids and ω-6 fatty acids, in relation to plasma adiponectin; as well as a negative correlation (rho=-0.53, -0.37, -0.29 and -0.34, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusion: Dietary amounts of unsaturated fatty acids inversely related to plasma adiponectin in patients with MS.
代谢综合征(MS)与促炎性细胞因子和抗炎性细胞因子失衡有关;脂联素，一种抗炎脂肪因子，被认为在代谢中起着关键作用。某些微量营养素的摄入被认为可以改变促炎性和抗炎性细胞因子。目的:探讨多发性硬化症患者膳食微量营养素与血浆脂联素的关系。根据血浆脂联素值比较膳食生物活性化合物的四分位数。进行四分位数变异(IQV)和相关分析。结果:饲料中不饱和脂肪酸的IQV变化显著(50% ~ 66%，p25 vs p75, p<0.05)，特别是反式脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和ω-6脂肪酸对血浆脂联素的影响显著;以及负相关(rho分别=-0.53，-0.37，-0.29和-0.34;p < 0.05)。结论:MS患者饮食中不饱和脂肪酸含量与血浆脂联素呈负相关。
{"title":"Diet Content of Non-saturated Fatty Acids Decreases Plasma Adiponectin in Patientswith Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"J. A. Suárez-Cuenca, Diana Elisa Díaz-Jiménez, J. Pineda-Juárez, Alondra Gissel Mendoza Mota, Ofelia Dinora Valencia-Aldana, Said Núñez-Angeles, Eduardo Vera-Gómez, Alej, ro Hernández-Patricio, Mónica Escamilla-Tilch, Pavel Loeza-Magaña, J. Lara-Vargas, R. Vaca, J. Martínez, Ángel Alfonso Garduño-Pérez, Beatriz Barranco-Fragoso, J. Montoya-Ramírez, María AngélicaDíaz-Ar, Roberto Carlos Chaparro-Hernández, Alberto Melchor-López, S. García, J. Gutiérrez-Salinas, P. Mondragón‐Terán","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.S6.817","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MS) has been related to the unbalance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines; where adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, is considered to play a key metabolic role. The consumption of certain micronutrients has been claimed to modify pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Aim: To explore whether dietary micronutrients are related with plasma adiponectin in patients with MS. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis. Quartiles of dietary bioactive compounds were compared according to values of plasma adiponectin. Interquartile variation (IQV) and correlation analyses were performed. Results: There was a significant IQV of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (between 50%-66% of change, p25 vs p75, p<0.05), particularly for trans-fatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids and ω-6 fatty acids, in relation to plasma adiponectin; as well as a negative correlation (rho=-0.53, -0.37, -0.29 and -0.34, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusion: Dietary amounts of unsaturated fatty acids inversely related to plasma adiponectin in patients with MS.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89599423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.806
Firdaus Ma, M. Sunita
1 J Nutr Food Sci, Vol. 11 Iss. 5 No: 806 found naturally (ruminants trans-fatty acid) in meat and dairy products and artificially (industrial trans-fatty acid) in vegetable oils through partial hydrogenation [3-5]. Partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVOs) are the primary source of industrially produced trans fatty acids (iTFAs), which are also considered a major health concern when it comes to CHD risk [6,7]. TFAs were once called a healthier replacement for saturated fatty acids (SFAs) when the adverse effects of SFAs, including increased blood cholesterol and CVD risk became known. This fat has been used in the food industry since the 1960’s due to its functional properties such as plasticity, emulsion stability, and low cost, which make them a key component in commercially produced processed food items such as margarine, vegetable shortenings, bakery products, and other snacks and fast food [8-10]. Industrial Trans-Fatty Acid Intake Associated with Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Review Firdaus MA, Mishra Sunita * Department of Food & Nutrition, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
{"title":"Industrial Trans-Fatty Acid Intake Associated with Coronary Heart Disease Risk-A Review","authors":"Firdaus Ma, M. Sunita","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.806","url":null,"abstract":"1 J Nutr Food Sci, Vol. 11 Iss. 5 No: 806 found naturally (ruminants trans-fatty acid) in meat and dairy products and artificially (industrial trans-fatty acid) in vegetable oils through partial hydrogenation [3-5]. Partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVOs) are the primary source of industrially produced trans fatty acids (iTFAs), which are also considered a major health concern when it comes to CHD risk [6,7]. TFAs were once called a healthier replacement for saturated fatty acids (SFAs) when the adverse effects of SFAs, including increased blood cholesterol and CVD risk became known. This fat has been used in the food industry since the 1960’s due to its functional properties such as plasticity, emulsion stability, and low cost, which make them a key component in commercially produced processed food items such as margarine, vegetable shortenings, bakery products, and other snacks and fast food [8-10]. Industrial Trans-Fatty Acid Intake Associated with Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Review Firdaus MA, Mishra Sunita * Department of Food & Nutrition, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86076812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.788
Yukari Kato, M. Natsume, Kyoko Ito, Aiko Nakano, K. Ozawa, Masayuki Sato, TaketoYamaji, Hiroyoshi Inoue
Background: It has been reported that chocolates and almonds have a wide variety of health benefits. Chocolatecovered almonds (almond chocolates) are popular chocolate confectioneries in Japan. However, their health benefits have not yet been explored to date. To clarify their health benefits, we investigated the beneficial effects of the intake of almond chocolates on bowel movement and skin conditions. Methods: This single-blinded (investigator-blinded) parallel-group comparison study was conducted on women with a tendency toward constipation and subjective symptoms of dry skin. The study included 36 participants who consumed eight pieces (approximately 30 g) of almond chocolates daily in the treatment (intake) group and 35 participants in the control (no intake) group. Bowel movement and skin conditions of these individuals were evaluated based on the records in their diaries and the stratum corneum water content measured before intervention (baseline values) and 4 and 8 weeks after intervention, respectively. In addition, questionnaire surveys about subjective symptoms were administered and an evaluation was conducted based on the obtained responses. Results: The results showed that the intake of almond chocolates significantly improved the respondents’ (participants’) bowel movements (i.e., stool frequency and amount), and the surveys showed improvement in their gastrointestinal and skin conditions. In addition, stratified analysis of individuals with severely dry skin symptoms revealed that intake of almond chocolates significantly improved the stratum corneum water content 8 weeks after the intervention compared with baseline levels (before intervention).
{"title":"Beneficial Effects of the Intake of Chocolate-covered Almonds on BowelMovement and Skin Conditions","authors":"Yukari Kato, M. Natsume, Kyoko Ito, Aiko Nakano, K. Ozawa, Masayuki Sato, TaketoYamaji, Hiroyoshi Inoue","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.788","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It has been reported that chocolates and almonds have a wide variety of health benefits. Chocolatecovered almonds (almond chocolates) are popular chocolate confectioneries in Japan. However, their health benefits have not yet been explored to date. To clarify their health benefits, we investigated the beneficial effects of the intake of almond chocolates on bowel movement and skin conditions. Methods: This single-blinded (investigator-blinded) parallel-group comparison study was conducted on women with a tendency toward constipation and subjective symptoms of dry skin. The study included 36 participants who consumed eight pieces (approximately 30 g) of almond chocolates daily in the treatment (intake) group and 35 participants in the control (no intake) group. Bowel movement and skin conditions of these individuals were evaluated based on the records in their diaries and the stratum corneum water content measured before intervention (baseline values) and 4 and 8 weeks after intervention, respectively. In addition, questionnaire surveys about subjective symptoms were administered and an evaluation was conducted based on the obtained responses. Results: The results showed that the intake of almond chocolates significantly improved the respondents’ (participants’) bowel movements (i.e., stool frequency and amount), and the surveys showed improvement in their gastrointestinal and skin conditions. In addition, stratified analysis of individuals with severely dry skin symptoms revealed that intake of almond chocolates significantly improved the stratum corneum water content 8 weeks after the intervention compared with baseline levels (before intervention).","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85451187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.805
A. M. Barekzai, Beheshta Baraki
Objective: Iron deficiency (ID) remains a global nutrition problem resulting in a prevalence rate of 30%-60% anemia in young children of low income countries. Low cost iron supplements are efficient for prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The present study aimed to evaluate iron supplementation in children under the age of five in Afghanistan. Methods: This study is a part of the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (AfDHS) implemented by the Central Statistics Organization (CSO) and the Ministry of Public Health. AfDHS followed a stratified two stage sampling design for 34 provinces of Afghanistan. In the first stage, 950 clusters selected, and in the second stage, a fixed number of 27 households per cluster including 25,741 households selected for the study, of which 24,395 successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 98%. Results: About 30% of the children under age of two years old in Afghanistan consumed iron rich foods in the 24 hours before the interview. Non breastfeeding children were more likely to consume foods rich in iron comparing breastfeeding children. Only 6% of children 6-59 months received iron supplements in the seven days prior to the survey. Higher education of mother and better economic status related to more intakes of iron rich foods and iron supplements in children. Iron intake from food or supplements was higher in urban districts comparing rural areas. Conclusion: Although IDA is very common in developing countries like Afghanistan, the importance of iron supplementation is still neglected. Health policy makers should keep focusing on iron malnutrition and improve parents’ knowledge on choosing iron rich foods and iron supplementation.
{"title":"Iron Supplementation among Children Aged 6 to 59 months in Afghanistan: AReport of Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (AfDHS) 2015","authors":"A. M. Barekzai, Beheshta Baraki","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.805","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Iron deficiency (ID) remains a global nutrition problem resulting in a prevalence rate of 30%-60% anemia in young children of low income countries. Low cost iron supplements are efficient for prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The present study aimed to evaluate iron supplementation in children under the age of five in Afghanistan. Methods: This study is a part of the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (AfDHS) implemented by the Central Statistics Organization (CSO) and the Ministry of Public Health. AfDHS followed a stratified two stage sampling design for 34 provinces of Afghanistan. In the first stage, 950 clusters selected, and in the second stage, a fixed number of 27 households per cluster including 25,741 households selected for the study, of which 24,395 successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 98%. Results: About 30% of the children under age of two years old in Afghanistan consumed iron rich foods in the 24 hours before the interview. Non breastfeeding children were more likely to consume foods rich in iron comparing breastfeeding children. Only 6% of children 6-59 months received iron supplements in the seven days prior to the survey. Higher education of mother and better economic status related to more intakes of iron rich foods and iron supplements in children. Iron intake from food or supplements was higher in urban districts comparing rural areas. Conclusion: Although IDA is very common in developing countries like Afghanistan, the importance of iron supplementation is still neglected. Health policy makers should keep focusing on iron malnutrition and improve parents’ knowledge on choosing iron rich foods and iron supplementation.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77279612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.790
Robert Bob Tsutsu, W. Singini
Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) has been classified as social important species from Lake Malawi but not economically important and has thus improved food and nutrition security and livelihoods of the local communities. A study was carried to analyse the value chain of Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) of Lake Malawi for improving economic, social and environment performance and sustainable management of natural resources. The study objectives were: to map out Usipa value chain actors and to measure performance of Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) value chain of Lake Malawi. The study was conducted at Mwawa beach, M’baluku, Mwawa and Mangochi markets in Mangochi district. The study adopted design for all of the objectives as research was in the form of a survey. The type of sampling was simple random sampling and sample size was 39. Data was collected by conducting interviews with fishers, wholesalers and retailers through questionnaires. Four actors were identified through mapping out value chain. On gross income fishers get USD 23.04, whole salers get USD 36.64 and retailers get USD 17.66. Gross margin fishers get 21.55%, wholesalers get 33.68% and retailer gets 44.90%. In value added fishers USD 4.28, wholesalers USD 3.38 and retailers USD 5.53. In terms of value share fishers get 32.44%, wholesalers 25.64% and retailers 41.92%. Fishers and retailers were dominated with males while wholesalers were dominated with females. Wholesalers and retailers of Usipa had high level of education while fishers had low level of education. Fishers and wholesalers highly dependence on forestry product compared to retailers. Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) value chain on short run is profitable, social unbalance and does not promote green sustainability, sanitation and hygiene. DoF and stakeholders should participate in sustainable management of natural resources, implementation of solar tent dryer and enhanced marketing facility for fresh fish and promotes women entrepreneurship for improving Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) value chain.
{"title":"Value Chain Analysis of Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) of Lake Malawi","authors":"Robert Bob Tsutsu, W. Singini","doi":"10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.21.11.790","url":null,"abstract":"Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) has been classified as social important species from Lake Malawi but not economically important and has thus improved food and nutrition security and livelihoods of the local communities. A study was carried to analyse the value chain of Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) of Lake Malawi for improving economic, social and environment performance and sustainable management of natural resources. The study objectives were: to map out Usipa value chain actors and to measure performance of Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) value chain of Lake Malawi. The study was conducted at Mwawa beach, M’baluku, Mwawa and Mangochi markets in Mangochi district. The study adopted design for all of the objectives as research was in the form of a survey. The type of sampling was simple random sampling and sample size was 39. Data was collected by conducting interviews with fishers, wholesalers and retailers through questionnaires. Four actors were identified through mapping out value chain. On gross income fishers get USD 23.04, whole salers get USD 36.64 and retailers get USD 17.66. Gross margin fishers get 21.55%, wholesalers get 33.68% and retailer gets 44.90%. In value added fishers USD 4.28, wholesalers USD 3.38 and retailers USD 5.53. In terms of value share fishers get 32.44%, wholesalers 25.64% and retailers 41.92%. Fishers and retailers were dominated with males while wholesalers were dominated with females. Wholesalers and retailers of Usipa had high level of education while fishers had low level of education. Fishers and wholesalers highly dependence on forestry product compared to retailers. Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) value chain on short run is profitable, social unbalance and does not promote green sustainability, sanitation and hygiene. DoF and stakeholders should participate in sustainable management of natural resources, implementation of solar tent dryer and enhanced marketing facility for fresh fish and promotes women entrepreneurship for improving Usipa (Engraulicypris sardella) value chain.","PeriodicalId":16764,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78436986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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