Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.25081/jp.2023.v15.8116
K. Bhat, G. M. Malik, S. Akhtar
A new foliar disease was observed on a perennial weed Rumex crispus which grows extensively in orchards, pastures, hay crops, lawns and home gardens in Kashmir valley. Repeated Isolation of the pathogen from the infected leaves of Rumex crispus yielded the fungus which on the basis of Cultural and morphological characteristics showed a resemblance to Didymella sp. Pathogenicity was confirmed by the detached leaf technique as well as inoculating whole plants in pots. Precise confirmation of the identity of the pathogen was done by sequencing the reference genes using ITS1 and ITS4 markers and sequenced data was subjected to BLAST which showed 99.80 per cent similarity with Didymella rumicicola which was previously only reported in New Zealand on Rumex obtusifolius prior to this study. Host range, as well as bioherbicidal potential of this pathogen on hosts of five different families of cultivated crops along with Rumex plants, revealed that no disease incidence was found on host plant species of other families of cultivated crops, whereas,100% disease incidence and 80% severity were observed on Rumex crispus at 15 and 25 days after inoculation respectively. Physiological studies showed the newly isolated pathogen Didymella rumicicola showed the best radial growth on Potato dextrose agar at pH 6.5 and at a temperature of 25oC.
{"title":"Bioherbicidal potential of Rumex crispus infected with Didymella rumicicola","authors":"K. Bhat, G. M. Malik, S. Akhtar","doi":"10.25081/jp.2023.v15.8116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2023.v15.8116","url":null,"abstract":"A new foliar disease was observed on a perennial weed Rumex crispus which grows extensively in orchards, pastures, hay crops, lawns and home gardens in Kashmir valley. Repeated Isolation of the pathogen from the infected leaves of Rumex crispus yielded the fungus which on the basis of Cultural and morphological characteristics showed a resemblance to Didymella sp. Pathogenicity was confirmed by the detached leaf technique as well as inoculating whole plants in pots. Precise confirmation of the identity of the pathogen was done by sequencing the reference genes using ITS1 and ITS4 markers and sequenced data was subjected to BLAST which showed 99.80 per cent similarity with Didymella rumicicola which was previously only reported in New Zealand on Rumex obtusifolius prior to this study. Host range, as well as bioherbicidal potential of this pathogen on hosts of five different families of cultivated crops along with Rumex plants, revealed that no disease incidence was found on host plant species of other families of cultivated crops, whereas,100% disease incidence and 80% severity were observed on Rumex crispus at 15 and 25 days after inoculation respectively. Physiological studies showed the newly isolated pathogen Didymella rumicicola showed the best radial growth on Potato dextrose agar at pH 6.5 and at a temperature of 25oC.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43468843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8138
Sun Ju Bong, Jennifer Park, Do Yeon Kwon
Brassica juncea is a vegatable that are rich in glucosinolate (GSL) content. The hairy root (HR) cultures system is one of the most useful tools for secondary metabolites (SM) biosynthesis under various growth conditions. In the past, GSLs were mostly used as biopesticides in agriculture, anti-nutritional factors in fodder, and flavors in condiments. However, in recent days, GLSs have received much attention in human health. To investigate the growth response and variation of GSLs accumulation, HRs of mustard were grown in different growth media and auxins. The HRs growth pattern varied largely under the treatments of growth media and auxin. The full-strength SH media responded greatly for achieving the highest dry weight (DW) followed by the ½ SH media and the lowest DW was obtained in full-strength MS media. In all the auxin treatments the HRs production was higher than that of the control. It was noted that at higher NAA and IBA concentrations HR production was increased than that at the lower concentrations. In addition, different growth mediums significantly influenced the GSLs accumulation in mustard HR. The results revealed that ½ B5 media showed the highest total GSLs content followed by B5 and ½ SH. Treatment of mustard HRs with auxins such as IAA and IBA negatively influenced the accumulation of GSLs except for 4-methoxyglucobrassicin. We, therefore, suggest that HRs are a viable option for improving the GSLs content from the HR culture of mustard and that SH and ½ B5 medium provides an alternative approach for mass production of HRs and GSLs in mustard, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of culture media and auxin on growth and glucosinolate accumulation in the hairy root cultures of mustard (Brassica juncea)","authors":"Sun Ju Bong, Jennifer Park, Do Yeon Kwon","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8138","url":null,"abstract":"Brassica juncea is a vegatable that are rich in glucosinolate (GSL) content. The hairy root (HR) cultures system is one of the most useful tools for secondary metabolites (SM) biosynthesis under various growth conditions. In the past, GSLs were mostly used as biopesticides in agriculture, anti-nutritional factors in fodder, and flavors in condiments. However, in recent days, GLSs have received much attention in human health. To investigate the growth response and variation of GSLs accumulation, HRs of mustard were grown in different growth media and auxins. The HRs growth pattern varied largely under the treatments of growth media and auxin. The full-strength SH media responded greatly for achieving the highest dry weight (DW) followed by the ½ SH media and the lowest DW was obtained in full-strength MS media. In all the auxin treatments the HRs production was higher than that of the control. It was noted that at higher NAA and IBA concentrations HR production was increased than that at the lower concentrations. In addition, different growth mediums significantly influenced the GSLs accumulation in mustard HR. The results revealed that ½ B5 media showed the highest total GSLs content followed by B5 and ½ SH. Treatment of mustard HRs with auxins such as IAA and IBA negatively influenced the accumulation of GSLs except for 4-methoxyglucobrassicin. We, therefore, suggest that HRs are a viable option for improving the GSLs content from the HR culture of mustard and that SH and ½ B5 medium provides an alternative approach for mass production of HRs and GSLs in mustard, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44980304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7409
Oleksandra Strashok, M. Ziemiańska, Olena A. Kolesnichenko, Anna D. Salnikova, Kytaev Oleg
The process of functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus is one of the most vulnerable to stress factors. The information about the functional state of plants and the prospects for their use in urban greening can provide methods of fluorescence analysis. The objective of this research was to develop the state of plants Berberis thunbergii DC. which grow in the Mariinskyi Park (Kyiv) by the content of photosynthetic pigments and fluorescence induction chlorophyll (FIC). The article presents the results of the evaluation of fluorescence induction (FI) indicators and the content of photosynthetic pigments B. thunbergii according to the degree of damage by powdery mildew. Experimental plants were planted in the chernozem layer of 50 cm (humus content 4 %). The plants grow in a group planting of Picea glauca ‘Conica’ and Chlorophytum comosum ‘Variegatum’ directly 1.5–5 m from the highway under the canopy of Tilia cordata Mill. Moreover, the variability of FI curves in the absence/presence of plant lesions. The authors investigated the relationship between the content of photosynthetic pigments and FI. The degree of damage to experimental plants by powdery mildew affects the total chlorophyll content (a+b) and decreases by approximately 16 %, 7 %, and 5 % compared to the control. Recorded gradually disappear FI curves in plants with the highest degree of damage which affect photochemical reactions due to the slowing down of the outflow of Calvin cycle enzymes.
{"title":"Assessment of vitality Berberis thunbergii DC. in Kyiv: Photosynthesis and Phytopathology","authors":"Oleksandra Strashok, M. Ziemiańska, Olena A. Kolesnichenko, Anna D. Salnikova, Kytaev Oleg","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7409","url":null,"abstract":"The process of functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus is one of the most vulnerable to stress factors. The information about the functional state of plants and the prospects for their use in urban greening can provide methods of fluorescence analysis. The objective of this research was to develop the state of plants Berberis thunbergii DC. which grow in the Mariinskyi Park (Kyiv) by the content of photosynthetic pigments and fluorescence induction chlorophyll (FIC). The article presents the results of the evaluation of fluorescence induction (FI) indicators and the content of photosynthetic pigments B. thunbergii according to the degree of damage by powdery mildew. Experimental plants were planted in the chernozem layer of 50 cm (humus content 4 %). The plants grow in a group planting of Picea glauca ‘Conica’ and Chlorophytum comosum ‘Variegatum’ directly 1.5–5 m from the highway under the canopy of Tilia cordata Mill. Moreover, the variability of FI curves in the absence/presence of plant lesions. The authors investigated the relationship between the content of photosynthetic pigments and FI. The degree of damage to experimental plants by powdery mildew affects the total chlorophyll content (a+b) and decreases by approximately 16 %, 7 %, and 5 % compared to the control. Recorded gradually disappear FI curves in plants with the highest degree of damage which affect photochemical reactions due to the slowing down of the outflow of Calvin cycle enzymes.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42818698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8099
K. Rathinavel, Sarankumar Chandran, Bharani Manoharan, U. Doraiswamy, R. Rajasekaran, John Kenedy Zachariah, Senthilkumar A. Natesan
To understand the nature of the traits in breeding programme, knowledge on heritability, genetic advance and genetic variability are inevitable. The paramount aim of the present study was to estimate the heritability, genetic advance and genetic variability of the backcross and selfed population of sweet corn and β-carotene rich inbred combinations viz., USC1-2-3-1× UMI1230β+ and SC1107× UMI1230β+ in order to identify the plants with superior trait combinations. The study involved the recording of fourteen biometrical traits in both the cross combinations which revealed that in backcross and selfed populations, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was found to be greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) indicating the probable influence of environment in the expression of the traits evaluated. High heritability was recorded for the important trait single plant yield in both the cross combinations of BC2F2 generation. Further, high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean was noticed for the traits like plant height, cob length, leaf length and single plant yield under both the cross combinations of BC2F2 generation indicates the governance of additive genes in expression of these traits. Hence, selection for these traits would be effective in developing a genotype with improved yield.
{"title":"Determining genetic variability of traits in backcross populations of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata)","authors":"K. Rathinavel, Sarankumar Chandran, Bharani Manoharan, U. Doraiswamy, R. Rajasekaran, John Kenedy Zachariah, Senthilkumar A. Natesan","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8099","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the nature of the traits in breeding programme, knowledge on heritability, genetic advance and genetic variability are inevitable. The paramount aim of the present study was to estimate the heritability, genetic advance and genetic variability of the backcross and selfed population of sweet corn and β-carotene rich inbred combinations viz., USC1-2-3-1× UMI1230β+ and SC1107× UMI1230β+ in order to identify the plants with superior trait combinations. The study involved the recording of fourteen biometrical traits in both the cross combinations which revealed that in backcross and selfed populations, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was found to be greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) indicating the probable influence of environment in the expression of the traits evaluated. High heritability was recorded for the important trait single plant yield in both the cross combinations of BC2F2 generation. Further, high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean was noticed for the traits like plant height, cob length, leaf length and single plant yield under both the cross combinations of BC2F2 generation indicates the governance of additive genes in expression of these traits. Hence, selection for these traits would be effective in developing a genotype with improved yield.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44761088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8055
S. Park, K. Kil
Indigo (Polygonum tinctorium), though it is a medicinal and dye crop, can also be grown in temperate areas, especially because it is commonly disseminated in Japan. To date, much research has been considered under investigation, especially for the regeneration of the indigo plant. Here in this study, we investigated the response of sucroses and gelling agents on the shoot organogenesis of the indigo plant. Micropropagation in terms of shoot regeneration and its growth was highly responded to sucrose and gelling agents. While culturing of internode explants on initial shoot regeneration media supplemented with sucrose and gelling agents of phytagar and gelrite significantly upgraded the regeneration efficiency as well as shoot growth. The regeneration capacity of the shoot was augmented with increased levels of sucrose up to 40 g L-1 and then started to decrease, whereas the increasing pattern continued even at the highest concentration (50 g L-1). The highest shoot regeneration (6.0 ± 0.5) was achieved by the treatment of 40 g L-1 giving 7.5 times higher shoot regeneration compared to the control. The increasing pattern for shoot length was more pronounced than that of shoot regeneration. The shoot length ranged from 10.2 mm to 23.5 mm within the sucrose treatments. In this study, the highest shoot length (23.5± 0.21) was observed by the treatment of 50 g L-1 exhibiting 2.3 times higher shoot length compared to the control. Gelling agent gelrite performed better than phytagar for both regeneration and shoot length growth. The shoot regeneration among the phytagar treatments ranged from 3.8 to 6.0 shoots/explant whereas the shoot regeneration ranged from 6.6 to 7.2 among the gelrite treatments. The highest shoots/explant (7.2) and the longest shoot length (22.4 mm) were observed due to the treatment of gelrite 3. The lowest shoot regeneration and shoot length were denoted when phytagar 9 was applied. It is proposed from our study that sucrose and gelling agent especially gelrite 3 could be applied in shoot organogenesis and plant transformation of any plant species, especially for P. tinctorium.
靛蓝(Polygonum tinctorium)虽然是一种药用和染料作物，但也可以在温带地区种植，特别是因为它在日本普遍分布。到目前为止，许多研究已经被考虑在调查中，特别是靛蓝植物的再生。本研究研究了蔗糖和胶凝剂对靛蓝植株茎部器官发生的影响。蔗糖和胶凝剂对小繁苗的再生和生长反应强烈。节间外植体在初始再生培养基上添加蔗糖和植脂胶凝剂、明胶胶可显著提高植株的再生效率和生长速度。蔗糖浓度为40 g L-1时，植株的再生能力随蔗糖浓度的增加而增强，随后开始下降，在最高浓度(50 g L-1)时，植株的再生能力继续增加。40 g L-1处理的植株再生率最高(6.0±0.5)，是对照的7.5倍。茎长增加的规律比再生的规律更明显。蔗糖处理下植株的茎长在10.2 ~ 23.5 mm之间。在本研究中，50 g L-1处理的芽长最高(23.5±0.21)，是对照的2.3倍。胶凝剂明胶在再生和芽长方面均优于植苔石。植脂处理的再生量在3.8 ~ 6.0个/外植体之间，而明胶处理的再生量在6.6 ~ 7.2个/外植体之间。gelrite 3处理的芽数/外植体最高(7.2 mm)，芽长最长(22.4 mm)。植脂9处理的茎再生和茎长最低。我们的研究表明，蔗糖和胶凝剂，特别是胶凝剂3，可以应用于任何植物的茎部器官发生和植物转化，特别是对彩皮草。
{"title":"Enhancement of shoot organogenesis in Polygonum tinctorium by sucrose and gelling agents","authors":"S. Park, K. Kil","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.8055","url":null,"abstract":"Indigo (Polygonum tinctorium), though it is a medicinal and dye crop, can also be grown in temperate areas, especially because it is commonly disseminated in Japan. To date, much research has been considered under investigation, especially for the regeneration of the indigo plant. Here in this study, we investigated the response of sucroses and gelling agents on the shoot organogenesis of the indigo plant. Micropropagation in terms of shoot regeneration and its growth was highly responded to sucrose and gelling agents. While culturing of internode explants on initial shoot regeneration media supplemented with sucrose and gelling agents of phytagar and gelrite significantly upgraded the regeneration efficiency as well as shoot growth. The regeneration capacity of the shoot was augmented with increased levels of sucrose up to 40 g L-1 and then started to decrease, whereas the increasing pattern continued even at the highest concentration (50 g L-1). The highest shoot regeneration (6.0 ± 0.5) was achieved by the treatment of 40 g L-1 giving 7.5 times higher shoot regeneration compared to the control. The increasing pattern for shoot length was more pronounced than that of shoot regeneration. The shoot length ranged from 10.2 mm to 23.5 mm within the sucrose treatments. In this study, the highest shoot length (23.5± 0.21) was observed by the treatment of 50 g L-1 exhibiting 2.3 times higher shoot length compared to the control. Gelling agent gelrite performed better than phytagar for both regeneration and shoot length growth. The shoot regeneration among the phytagar treatments ranged from 3.8 to 6.0 shoots/explant whereas the shoot regeneration ranged from 6.6 to 7.2 among the gelrite treatments. The highest shoots/explant (7.2) and the longest shoot length (22.4 mm) were observed due to the treatment of gelrite 3. The lowest shoot regeneration and shoot length were denoted when phytagar 9 was applied. It is proposed from our study that sucrose and gelling agent especially gelrite 3 could be applied in shoot organogenesis and plant transformation of any plant species, especially for P. tinctorium.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42504839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The HT-29 colon cancer cell line was used in the current work to investigate the anti-cancer efficacy of Gymnema sylvestre extracts. The viability, apoptosis, flow cytometry, and mode of action of the active fraction were also evaluated. The active fractions of G. sylvestre caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase and G2/M phase, and also caused programmed cell death. The alcoholic fractions showed anti-cancer effect in HT-29 cancer cells. By applying methanolic fraction of Gymnema sylvestre to the HT-29 cells, IC50 was observed at 140.39 μg/mL, whereas for chloroform fraction of Gymnema sylvestre showed IC50 at 154.44 μg/mL. The herbal extract for colon cancer treatment may be developed with the help of researchers due to G. sylvestre’s anti-cancer properties.
{"title":"In vitro cytotoxic potential of Gymnema sylvestre fractions on HT-29 cell line","authors":"Shanmugapriya Arumugam, Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav, Abinaya Krishnan, Sowmya Priya Manoharan, S. Gnanaselvan","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7942","url":null,"abstract":"The HT-29 colon cancer cell line was used in the current work to investigate the anti-cancer efficacy of Gymnema sylvestre extracts. The viability, apoptosis, flow cytometry, and mode of action of the active fraction were also evaluated. The active fractions of G. sylvestre caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase and G2/M phase, and also caused programmed cell death. The alcoholic fractions showed anti-cancer effect in HT-29 cancer cells. By applying methanolic fraction of Gymnema sylvestre to the HT-29 cells, IC50 was observed at 140.39 μg/mL, whereas for chloroform fraction of Gymnema sylvestre showed IC50 at 154.44 μg/mL. The herbal extract for colon cancer treatment may be developed with the help of researchers due to G. sylvestre’s anti-cancer properties.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46202529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-24DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7587
B. Kabila, Malkiat Chand Sidhu, Amrik Singh
The present study aimed to investigate the variety of elements, chemical compounds and their corresponding functional groups in the whole plant, leaves, and seeds of Senna tora. A preliminary phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, cardiac active glycosides, phenolics, etc. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of leaves and seeds of S. tora has depicted 31 and 27 compounds, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy has further unveiled the presence of different functional groups such as amines, aromatic compounds, carboxyl groups, ketones etc. associated with different metabolites. Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF) has revealed the presence of more than 20 elements (macro and micro) including Ca, Mg, Fe, K, etc. This study has highlighted the detailed account of the chemical compounds and elements present in the plant species under investigation and substantiated its medicinal importance in the traditional health care system.
{"title":"Metabolomics characterization of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. using different approaches","authors":"B. Kabila, Malkiat Chand Sidhu, Amrik Singh","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7587","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the variety of elements, chemical compounds and their corresponding functional groups in the whole plant, leaves, and seeds of Senna tora. A preliminary phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, cardiac active glycosides, phenolics, etc. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of leaves and seeds of S. tora has depicted 31 and 27 compounds, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy has further unveiled the presence of different functional groups such as amines, aromatic compounds, carboxyl groups, ketones etc. associated with different metabolites. Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF) has revealed the presence of more than 20 elements (macro and micro) including Ca, Mg, Fe, K, etc. This study has highlighted the detailed account of the chemical compounds and elements present in the plant species under investigation and substantiated its medicinal importance in the traditional health care system.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42857317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kadam (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) is an evergreen tropical tree widely grown in Asia, particularly in India. Neolamarckia cadamba commonly known as kadam, cadamba or burflower tree. The roots, leaves, barks, and fruits of N. cadamba possess medicinal properties and are commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry. Fruit peels are the main waste and may contain various biologically active compounds. However, no prior knowledge about the therapeutic compounds of the peel. The objective of the present study was to unveil therapeutic compounds from the peel by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabolomics analysis. Metabolites from the kadam fruit peel were isolated and derivatized using MSTFA, characterized by the GC-MS analysis. Raw spectral data were pre-processed, and peak identification was performed using SHIMADZU Postrun analyse software. The metabolites in N. cadamba fruit peel were identified by comparing the peaks with the mass spectral reference database NIST v20. The results showed that the peel of kadam fruit contains 149 metabolites, which were further categorized into 46 different metabolite classes, with 52 different metabolic pathways and 63 biological functions. The principal roles of the metabolites were identified by functional annotation and enrichment analysis. It revealed that metabolites were responsible for anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer properties. In summary, the peel of kadam fruit also contains various therapeutic compounds like other cadamba parts (i.e., roots, leaves, barks, and fruits). Further, comparing the peel with other parts discloses the peel-specific metabolites. The results obtained in this study could be useful for the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis unravels the therapeutic potential of Neolamarckia cadamba fruit peel","authors":"Divya Selvakumar, Paranidharan Vaikuntavasan, Vellaikumar Sampathrajan, Bharani Manoharan, Karthikeyan Adhimoolam, Saranya Nallusamy, Balasubramanian Arunachala, Kalaiselvi Senthil, Senthilkumar A. Natesan","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7934","url":null,"abstract":"Kadam (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) is an evergreen tropical tree widely grown in Asia, particularly in India. Neolamarckia cadamba commonly known as kadam, cadamba or burflower tree. The roots, leaves, barks, and fruits of N. cadamba possess medicinal properties and are commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry. Fruit peels are the main waste and may contain various biologically active compounds. However, no prior knowledge about the therapeutic compounds of the peel. The objective of the present study was to unveil therapeutic compounds from the peel by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabolomics analysis. Metabolites from the kadam fruit peel were isolated and derivatized using MSTFA, characterized by the GC-MS analysis. Raw spectral data were pre-processed, and peak identification was performed using SHIMADZU Postrun analyse software. The metabolites in N. cadamba fruit peel were identified by comparing the peaks with the mass spectral reference database NIST v20. The results showed that the peel of kadam fruit contains 149 metabolites, which were further categorized into 46 different metabolite classes, with 52 different metabolic pathways and 63 biological functions. The principal roles of the metabolites were identified by functional annotation and enrichment analysis. It revealed that metabolites were responsible for anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer properties. In summary, the peel of kadam fruit also contains various therapeutic compounds like other cadamba parts (i.e., roots, leaves, barks, and fruits). Further, comparing the peel with other parts discloses the peel-specific metabolites. The results obtained in this study could be useful for the pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45214162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7935
Iman Saha, K. Rathinavel, Bharani Manoharan, A. Karthikeyan, Vellaikumar Sampathrajan, R. Rajasekaran, M. Raveendran, N. Senthil
The number of genes controlling the morphological and yield-related traits and their mode of action plays a vital role in selecting traits and favourable progenies in a segregating population. In this study, we analysed the skewness and kurtosis in the backcrossed and selfed populations of SC11-2×UMI1230β1+. Negative skewness refers to redundant gene activity, positive skewness is connected to complementary gene action. Positive kurtosis suggests the existence of gene activity controlled by a smaller number of genes. Negative kurtosis shows a lack of gene activity and is controlled by a large number of genes. The BC2F2 population of plant height and single plant yield showed positive skewness and platykurtic distribution, suggesting that the genes were governed by complementary gene action and controlled by the large number of genes. This implied need for rigorous selection to achieve a genetic gain in later generations. Cob length and kernel weight showed a duplicate gene action which implied that mild selection can fix these traits and accelerate genetic gain.
{"title":"Genetic variation of morphological and yield-related traits in backcrossed and selfed population of maize","authors":"Iman Saha, K. Rathinavel, Bharani Manoharan, A. Karthikeyan, Vellaikumar Sampathrajan, R. Rajasekaran, M. Raveendran, N. Senthil","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7935","url":null,"abstract":"The number of genes controlling the morphological and yield-related traits and their mode of action plays a vital role in selecting traits and favourable progenies in a segregating population. In this study, we analysed the skewness and kurtosis in the backcrossed and selfed populations of SC11-2×UMI1230β1+. Negative skewness refers to redundant gene activity, positive skewness is connected to complementary gene action. Positive kurtosis suggests the existence of gene activity controlled by a smaller number of genes. Negative kurtosis shows a lack of gene activity and is controlled by a large number of genes. The BC2F2 population of plant height and single plant yield showed positive skewness and platykurtic distribution, suggesting that the genes were governed by complementary gene action and controlled by the large number of genes. This implied need for rigorous selection to achieve a genetic gain in later generations. Cob length and kernel weight showed a duplicate gene action which implied that mild selection can fix these traits and accelerate genetic gain.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41843431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7745
D. Suneel, S. Vincent, V. Babu Rajendra Prasad, R. Anandham, M. Raveendran, S. Rajeeswari
“Temperature Induction Response” (TIR) technique was employed to investigate the effect of temperature on popular 20 cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes in a laboratory experiment conducted at the Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2020-2021. Identical sized ten days old cotton seedlings were selected and subjected to inductive temperature (gradual temperature raised from 28 to 40℃) for 4 h and non-inductive temperature (46℃ for 3 h, 47℃ for 3 h, 48℃ for 3 h and 48℃ for 4 h) for specific time duration. KC3 and SVPR6 recorded highest thermotolerance among the genotypes and TSH325 and TSH357 showed moderate thermotolerance while TSH375 and TSH383 were sensitive, in terms of seedling survival, cell viability, total soluble protein and malondialdehyde compared to remaining genotypes under non-inductive temperature.
采用“温度感应响应”(TIR)技术，在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学作物生理学系进行了2020-2021年间温度对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.) 20种常用基因型的影响。选择大小相同的10日龄棉花幼苗，分别在诱导温度(从28℃逐渐升高到40℃)下处理4 h，在特定时间内分别在46℃、47℃、48℃和48℃下处理3 h。在非诱导温度下，KC3和SVPR6表现出最高的耐热性，TSH325和TSH357表现出中等的耐热性，而TSH375和TSH383在幼苗存活率、细胞活力、总可溶性蛋白和丙二醛方面表现出敏感。
{"title":"Effect of Temperature induction response on Cell viability, Cell Survivability, Malondialdehyde content and total soluble protein content of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes","authors":"D. Suneel, S. Vincent, V. Babu Rajendra Prasad, R. Anandham, M. Raveendran, S. Rajeeswari","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7745","url":null,"abstract":"“Temperature Induction Response” (TIR) technique was employed to investigate the effect of temperature on popular 20 cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes in a laboratory experiment conducted at the Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2020-2021. Identical sized ten days old cotton seedlings were selected and subjected to inductive temperature (gradual temperature raised from 28 to 40℃) for 4 h and non-inductive temperature (46℃ for 3 h, 47℃ for 3 h, 48℃ for 3 h and 48℃ for 4 h) for specific time duration. KC3 and SVPR6 recorded highest thermotolerance among the genotypes and TSH325 and TSH357 showed moderate thermotolerance while TSH375 and TSH383 were sensitive, in terms of seedling survival, cell viability, total soluble protein and malondialdehyde compared to remaining genotypes under non-inductive temperature.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45091560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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