Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7842
Guruprasad Anantharam, S. Geetha, P. Santhana Pandi, N. Krithika, C. Chittibabu
The PyRx software and Discovery studio were used in the present molecular docking studies of the 16 ligands of Ocimum tenuiflorum L., selected based on their high therapeutic potentials, viz., (E)-6-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-one, Apigenin, Bieugenol, Cirsilineol, Cirsimaritin, β-Caryophyllene epoxide, Dehydrodieugenol B, Eugenol, Ferulaldehyde, Isothymonin, Isothymusin, Linalool, Luteolin, Ocimarin, Rosmarinic acid, and Thymol. Saquinavir was used as a positive control. The binding affinities of the 16 ligands to the main proteases of COVID-19 6LU7 and 6Y2E (critical for viral replication) and their ability to arrest the virus replication were recorded. The binding affinities of the ligands to 6LU7 and 6Y2E ranged from -4.3 and -4.7 kcal/mol (for (E)-6-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-one) to -7.6 (for Rosmarinic acid to both target proteins). While the corresponding values for the control drug Saquinavir were -7.8 and -7.6 respectively. The Rosmarinic acid, in binding with both the proteases (-7.6 and -7.6 kcal/mol) showed six conventional hydrogen bonds, one carbon hydrogen bond (ASP 153 had one conventional hydrogen bond and one carbon hydrogen bond), one Pi-alkyl bond, one Pi-Pi stacked bond, eight van der waals bonds for 6LU7 protease; it formed three conventional hydrogen bonds, two Pi-alkyl bonds, one unfavourable donor – donor bond and 14 van der waals bonds with 6Y2E protease. The control drug – Saquinavir in binding with 6LU7 protease showed 12 van der waals, one alkyl, one Pi-alkyl, one Pi-cation, one Pi-stacked and four conventional hydrogen bonds, which indicates that it has less affinity when compared with Rosmarinic acid. Similarly, the control drug on binding with 6Y2E protease exhibited ten van der waals, four Pi-alkyl, one cation and three hydrogen bonds. The results are in conformity to similar other studies, and herald a promising scope for Rosmarinic acid as lead molecule in the drug discovery for COVID-19.
{"title":"Molecular docking analysis on 16 therapeutic ligands of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (Tulasi) and their prospects in drug design for COVID-19","authors":"Guruprasad Anantharam, S. Geetha, P. Santhana Pandi, N. Krithika, C. Chittibabu","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7842","url":null,"abstract":"The PyRx software and Discovery studio were used in the present molecular docking studies of the 16 ligands of Ocimum tenuiflorum L., selected based on their high therapeutic potentials, viz., (E)-6-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-one, Apigenin, Bieugenol, Cirsilineol, Cirsimaritin, β-Caryophyllene epoxide, Dehydrodieugenol B, Eugenol, Ferulaldehyde, Isothymonin, Isothymusin, Linalool, Luteolin, Ocimarin, Rosmarinic acid, and Thymol. Saquinavir was used as a positive control. The binding affinities of the 16 ligands to the main proteases of COVID-19 6LU7 and 6Y2E (critical for viral replication) and their ability to arrest the virus replication were recorded. The binding affinities of the ligands to 6LU7 and 6Y2E ranged from -4.3 and -4.7 kcal/mol (for (E)-6-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-one) to -7.6 (for Rosmarinic acid to both target proteins). While the corresponding values for the control drug Saquinavir were -7.8 and -7.6 respectively. The Rosmarinic acid, in binding with both the proteases (-7.6 and -7.6 kcal/mol) showed six conventional hydrogen bonds, one carbon hydrogen bond (ASP 153 had one conventional hydrogen bond and one carbon hydrogen bond), one Pi-alkyl bond, one Pi-Pi stacked bond, eight van der waals bonds for 6LU7 protease; it formed three conventional hydrogen bonds, two Pi-alkyl bonds, one unfavourable donor – donor bond and 14 van der waals bonds with 6Y2E protease. The control drug – Saquinavir in binding with 6LU7 protease showed 12 van der waals, one alkyl, one Pi-alkyl, one Pi-cation, one Pi-stacked and four conventional hydrogen bonds, which indicates that it has less affinity when compared with Rosmarinic acid. Similarly, the control drug on binding with 6Y2E protease exhibited ten van der waals, four Pi-alkyl, one cation and three hydrogen bonds. The results are in conformity to similar other studies, and herald a promising scope for Rosmarinic acid as lead molecule in the drug discovery for COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48844617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7414
Ngoc Duyen Nguyen, T. N. Luu, N. Trinh, Van-Son Le, H. Van
In this study, based on molecular biology techniques, the matK and trnL-F regions of ten Annonaceae species grown in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Vietnam were successfully amplified and sequenced for the first time. Along with other highly homologous DNA sequences from the GenBank database, the molecular phylogeny of ten studied species was also established. By using the alignment tool of NCBI database, the percentage of identity among sequences of studied species was also presented. The study aims to partially contribute to the further understanding of the evolutionary relationships among Annonaceae species.
{"title":"Molecular phylogeny of Annonaceae species from Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve based on two chloroplast gene regions","authors":"Ngoc Duyen Nguyen, T. N. Luu, N. Trinh, Van-Son Le, H. Van","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7414","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, based on molecular biology techniques, the matK and trnL-F regions of ten Annonaceae species grown in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Vietnam were successfully amplified and sequenced for the first time. Along with other highly homologous DNA sequences from the GenBank database, the molecular phylogeny of ten studied species was also established. By using the alignment tool of NCBI database, the percentage of identity among sequences of studied species was also presented. The study aims to partially contribute to the further understanding of the evolutionary relationships among Annonaceae species.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46044503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7853
Kaveri Sundaram, Santhosh Kumar Mohanrao
NiO nanoparticle has been synthesized by a greener method using Polianthes tuberosa plant extract. The nanoparticle was characterized by UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD and SEM instrumental techniques. The absorption band appeared at 269 nm in UV-Visible spectrum supported the formation of NiO nanoparticles. The IR spectrum analysis showed a broad band at 554 cm-1 characteristics of NiO nanoparticles. From the XRD results, the crystalline size and shape of NiO nanoparticles was determined to be 3.23 nm with a face centered cubic crystal. The NiO nanoparticles has been distributed well. From SEM results, the synthesized NiO sample has particle size between 5 and 11 nm range. The cytotoxic results showed significant activity of the synthesized NiO nanoparticles against MM2 and HeLa cells.
{"title":"Facile synthesis and optimization of nickel oxide nanoparticles using Polianthes tuberosa extract and its anticancer activity","authors":"Kaveri Sundaram, Santhosh Kumar Mohanrao","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7853","url":null,"abstract":"NiO nanoparticle has been synthesized by a greener method using Polianthes tuberosa plant extract. The nanoparticle was characterized by UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD and SEM instrumental techniques. The absorption band appeared at 269 nm in UV-Visible spectrum supported the formation of NiO nanoparticles. The IR spectrum analysis showed a broad band at 554 cm-1 characteristics of NiO nanoparticles. From the XRD results, the crystalline size and shape of NiO nanoparticles was determined to be 3.23 nm with a face centered cubic crystal. The NiO nanoparticles has been distributed well. From SEM results, the synthesized NiO sample has particle size between 5 and 11 nm range. The cytotoxic results showed significant activity of the synthesized NiO nanoparticles against MM2 and HeLa cells.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47632338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-08DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7769
Do Yeon Kwon, R. Sathasivam, Yeon-Bok Kim, H. Kim, S. Park, B. B. Park
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. is an annual herb belonging to the family Fabaceae commonly called Fenugreek. It is rich in various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and steroidal saponins. In recent years, diosgenin has much attention in the cosmetic, functional food, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study we aimed to examine the effect of different concentrations of copper sulfate (CuSO4) on growth, diosgenin biosynthetic (DB) gene expression, and diosgenin accumulation in T. foenum-graecum sprouts. Results showed that the seed germination, fresh weight, shoot length, and root length were gradually decreased with increasing the CuSO4 concentrations. In contrast, the expression level of DBGs i.e., TfSQS, TfSQLE, TfCAS, and TfSTRL were gradually upregulated with increasing the CuSO4 concentrations. Among all those tested concentrations, the expression levels of all those genes were significantly higher in 0.5 mM CuSO4 treated sprouts. The highest expression level was obtained in the TfCAS gene, which was 3.25-fold higher than the unexposed sprouts. The diosgenin content was significantly influenced in the CuSO4 exposed sprouts. The highest diosgenin content was achieved in the 5.0 mM followed by 1.0, 10.0, and 0.5 mM CuSO4 exposed concentrations, with a reduction of 41%, 39%, 36%, and 35%, respectively. From these results, it is shown that exposure of fenugreek sprout to CuSO4 is one of the suitable strategies to enhance the accumulation of diosgenin content.
{"title":"Expression analysis of diosgenin pathway genes and diosgenin accumulation in fenugreek sprouts after exposure to copper sulfate","authors":"Do Yeon Kwon, R. Sathasivam, Yeon-Bok Kim, H. Kim, S. Park, B. B. Park","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7769","url":null,"abstract":"Trigonella foenum-graecum L. is an annual herb belonging to the family Fabaceae commonly called Fenugreek. It is rich in various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and steroidal saponins. In recent years, diosgenin has much attention in the cosmetic, functional food, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study we aimed to examine the effect of different concentrations of copper sulfate (CuSO4) on growth, diosgenin biosynthetic (DB) gene expression, and diosgenin accumulation in T. foenum-graecum sprouts. Results showed that the seed germination, fresh weight, shoot length, and root length were gradually decreased with increasing the CuSO4 concentrations. In contrast, the expression level of DBGs i.e., TfSQS, TfSQLE, TfCAS, and TfSTRL were gradually upregulated with increasing the CuSO4 concentrations. Among all those tested concentrations, the expression levels of all those genes were significantly higher in 0.5 mM CuSO4 treated sprouts. The highest expression level was obtained in the TfCAS gene, which was 3.25-fold higher than the unexposed sprouts. The diosgenin content was significantly influenced in the CuSO4 exposed sprouts. The highest diosgenin content was achieved in the 5.0 mM followed by 1.0, 10.0, and 0.5 mM CuSO4 exposed concentrations, with a reduction of 41%, 39%, 36%, and 35%, respectively. From these results, it is shown that exposure of fenugreek sprout to CuSO4 is one of the suitable strategies to enhance the accumulation of diosgenin content.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49480014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-23DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7473
A. Messai, Youcef Necib
Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins, which participate in various biological processes. The purpose of this study was to purify new lectin from Ruta montana roots. Lectin of Ruta montana has been purified from roots using ultrafiltration and precipitation with ammonium sulfate followed by gel filtration chromatography whereas protein estimation was done by Bradford’s method. Within sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) analysis, the extract exhibited three bands and one band after purification. The molecular weight of lectin was determined by SDS–PAGE and gel filtration chromatography, which was found to be a monomeric protein of approximately 28.8 kDa. The agglutination activity of Ruta montana lectins was stable within a temperature range from 4 to 50° C for 30 min and the pH range from 4.2 to 9. This study presents a natural source of lectins that can be used in several other studies due to its different biological activities.
{"title":"Purification and partial characterization of a novel lectin from Ruta montana roots","authors":"A. Messai, Youcef Necib","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7473","url":null,"abstract":"Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins, which participate in various biological processes. The purpose of this study was to purify new lectin from Ruta montana roots. Lectin of Ruta montana has been purified from roots using ultrafiltration and precipitation with ammonium sulfate followed by gel filtration chromatography whereas protein estimation was done by Bradford’s method. Within sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) analysis, the extract exhibited three bands and one band after purification. The molecular weight of lectin was determined by SDS–PAGE and gel filtration chromatography, which was found to be a monomeric protein of approximately 28.8 kDa. The agglutination activity of Ruta montana lectins was stable within a temperature range from 4 to 50° C for 30 min and the pH range from 4.2 to 9. This study presents a natural source of lectins that can be used in several other studies due to its different biological activities.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42496133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7276
G. Han, Jiyeong Jung, Y. Chung
Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) has excellent turf quality and can be applied to various uses for personal space to public sports areas or commercial landscapes. However, it has disadvantages such as slow growth rate, cold hardiness, low seed yield, and hard to establish from seeds, which cannot be improved with agricultural practices. Therefore, breeding a new cultivar as a hybrid could be an efficient strategy to improve the Zoysiagrass cultivar. In fact, hybrid zoysiagrass shows mixed traits of both parents in morphology and heterosis in growth. However, inflorescence appearance and its rate are known to make a hybrid. Thus, the variety of inflorescence appearance timing and production rate were investigated among 549 genetic resources. As a result, only 5.38% of the variety among survived zoysiagrass after transplanting showed more than 30% inflorescence appearance within the given period. During that, some varieties showed a reduction of total inflorescence. Hence, we report the diversity of inflorescence appearance timing and production rate that could be useful for breeders and researchers breeding new Zoysiagrass cultivars.
{"title":"Inflorescence appearance timing and production rate traits in wild Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp)","authors":"G. Han, Jiyeong Jung, Y. Chung","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7276","url":null,"abstract":"Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) has excellent turf quality and can be applied to various uses for personal space to public sports areas or commercial landscapes. However, it has disadvantages such as slow growth rate, cold hardiness, low seed yield, and hard to establish from seeds, which cannot be improved with agricultural practices. Therefore, breeding a new cultivar as a hybrid could be an efficient strategy to improve the Zoysiagrass cultivar. In fact, hybrid zoysiagrass shows mixed traits of both parents in morphology and heterosis in growth. However, inflorescence appearance and its rate are known to make a hybrid. Thus, the variety of inflorescence appearance timing and production rate were investigated among 549 genetic resources. As a result, only 5.38% of the variety among survived zoysiagrass after transplanting showed more than 30% inflorescence appearance within the given period. During that, some varieties showed a reduction of total inflorescence. Hence, we report the diversity of inflorescence appearance timing and production rate that could be useful for breeders and researchers breeding new Zoysiagrass cultivars.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47574296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7444
S. Dam, H. Van
In this review, the chemical compositions and bioactivities of the essential oils isolated from Arisaema and Homalomena species, two large genera belonging to the Araceae family, have been reported for the first time. Accordingly, the essential oils isolated from the plants of two genera consisted of some chemical groups, including monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, etc. In addition, the essential oils and their major compounds isolated from Arisaema and Homalomena plants possessed biological activities, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, nematicidal, antiproliferative, larvicidal and anthelmintic activities. This review mainly provides information on the Arisaema and Homalomena oils which are able to use as a guide for the collection of the species with the best chemical composition and biological activities.
{"title":"Chemical profiles and biological activities of essential oils of Arisaema and Homalomena species (Araceae) – A review","authors":"S. Dam, H. Van","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7444","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, the chemical compositions and bioactivities of the essential oils isolated from Arisaema and Homalomena species, two large genera belonging to the Araceae family, have been reported for the first time. Accordingly, the essential oils isolated from the plants of two genera consisted of some chemical groups, including monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, etc. In addition, the essential oils and their major compounds isolated from Arisaema and Homalomena plants possessed biological activities, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, nematicidal, antiproliferative, larvicidal and anthelmintic activities. This review mainly provides information on the Arisaema and Homalomena oils which are able to use as a guide for the collection of the species with the best chemical composition and biological activities.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48618752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7593
W. Park, Yeon-Bok Kim, R. Sathasivam, H. Kim, S. Park
Polygonum multiflorum is a flowering plant that belongs to the family Polygonaceae and it is commonly used for medicinal and ornamental purposes. Few studies have been studied about the regeneration of this species. Therefore, we aimed to develop a suitable protocol for regeneration and subsequent growth of shoots by comparing the silver nitrate (AgNO3) (ethylene inhibitor) and the putrescine (polyamine). Internode explants were cultured on shoot regeneration media (Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 2 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine). To analysis, the effect of AgNO3 and putrescine on shoot regeneration and length, different concentrations (mg L-1) of AgNO3 (0, 1, 5, 7, 10, and 20) and putrescine (0, 10, 30, 50, 100, and 200) were added to the MS media. The result showed that at highest concentration (20 mg L-1) of AgNO3 treatment decrease number of shoots (NOS) (1.4 ± 0.2 mm) and shoot length (9.7 ± 1.6 mm) was observed. Putrescine considerably increased the regeneration efficiency, NOS per explant, and shoot length in all the concentrations when compared to AgNO3 treatment. Among the different concentrations, the highest NOS (2.52 ± 0.2 mm) was obtained in cultures supplemented with 30 mg L-1 putrescine, whereas the further increase in putrescine concentration reduced shoot regeneration. The longest shoots (20.5 ± 1.7 mm) were achieved in cultures supplemented with 200 mg L-1 putrescine. The findings of this study indicate that the addition of putrescine to the media could be suitable for P. multiflorum micropropagation and plant transformation.
{"title":"Effect of silver nitrate and putrescine on in vitro shoot organogenesis of Polygonum multiflorum","authors":"W. Park, Yeon-Bok Kim, R. Sathasivam, H. Kim, S. Park","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7593","url":null,"abstract":"Polygonum multiflorum is a flowering plant that belongs to the family Polygonaceae and it is commonly used for medicinal and ornamental purposes. Few studies have been studied about the regeneration of this species. Therefore, we aimed to develop a suitable protocol for regeneration and subsequent growth of shoots by comparing the silver nitrate (AgNO3) (ethylene inhibitor) and the putrescine (polyamine). Internode explants were cultured on shoot regeneration media (Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 2 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine). To analysis, the effect of AgNO3 and putrescine on shoot regeneration and length, different concentrations (mg L-1) of AgNO3 (0, 1, 5, 7, 10, and 20) and putrescine (0, 10, 30, 50, 100, and 200) were added to the MS media. The result showed that at highest concentration (20 mg L-1) of AgNO3 treatment decrease number of shoots (NOS) (1.4 ± 0.2 mm) and shoot length (9.7 ± 1.6 mm) was observed. Putrescine considerably increased the regeneration efficiency, NOS per explant, and shoot length in all the concentrations when compared to AgNO3 treatment. Among the different concentrations, the highest NOS (2.52 ± 0.2 mm) was obtained in cultures supplemented with 30 mg L-1 putrescine, whereas the further increase in putrescine concentration reduced shoot regeneration. The longest shoots (20.5 ± 1.7 mm) were achieved in cultures supplemented with 200 mg L-1 putrescine. The findings of this study indicate that the addition of putrescine to the media could be suitable for P. multiflorum micropropagation and plant transformation.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43601756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7184
Herry Palangka Jaya, Y. Ludang, Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo
Most of the total peatland area in Kalimantan Island and particularly in Central Kalimantan Province is suitable for agricultural development. This condition provides a great opportunity for the development of peatlands for the cultivation of traditional medicinal plants. The local society in their daily lives could not be separated from the inherent elements of tradition even though the development of science and technology is currently very fast. One of the traditional elements that are inherent at this time is the use of medicinal plants as a solution in treating various diseases. The research was conducted in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan Province by conducting interviews to determine the type of selected medicinal plants and carrying out experiments for examining their ability to absorb carbon dioxide and to grow in peatland conditions. The results of the study of four types of traditional medicinal plants show that there is great potential for two types of plants, namely Semar Bags and Karamunting, whose implementation fulfills biodiversity in an agricultural land ecosystem.
{"title":"Development of traditional medicinal plants on Peatland conditions in Central Kalimantan","authors":"Herry Palangka Jaya, Y. Ludang, Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7184","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the total peatland area in Kalimantan Island and particularly in Central Kalimantan Province is suitable for agricultural development. This condition provides a great opportunity for the development of peatlands for the cultivation of traditional medicinal plants. The local society in their daily lives could not be separated from the inherent elements of tradition even though the development of science and technology is currently very fast. One of the traditional elements that are inherent at this time is the use of medicinal plants as a solution in treating various diseases. The research was conducted in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan Province by conducting interviews to determine the type of selected medicinal plants and carrying out experiments for examining their ability to absorb carbon dioxide and to grow in peatland conditions. The results of the study of four types of traditional medicinal plants show that there is great potential for two types of plants, namely Semar Bags and Karamunting, whose implementation fulfills biodiversity in an agricultural land ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44465652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7211
P. Lalremruata, R. Lalmuanpuii, V. Ralte, Zothanmawia, P. Lalthanpuii, K. Lalchhandama, R. Lalfakzuala
Lichens are an important source of biologically active substances, primarily phenols, which are well known for their antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluated phytochemical constituents (flavonoids and phenols), and the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of the selected lichens species viz. Usnea baileyi, Hypotrachyna cirrhata and Lobaria pulmonaria collected from Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary, Mizoram, India. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid of the various extracts varied from 31.11 to 67.84 mg of Gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight (GAE/g DW) and from 27.43 to 37.06 mg of Quercetin equivalent per gram dry weight (QE/g DW) respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the methanol extract of tested samples showed a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value ranges from 133.6 µg/ml in L. pulmonaria to 243.9 µg/ml in U. baileyi. A comparison between lichens extract and positive control (BHT) showed a strong antioxidant capacity (IC50=10.81 μg/ml) of positive control than the lichens methanolic extract. A high negative and significant negative correlation (P<0.05) was observed between total phenol content and antioxidant activity IC50 of DPPH assay. Moreover, a positively high significant correlation was also obtained between total flavonoid and phenol content (P<0.01). The present study showed that bioactive compounds present in the lichen thallus may be used as good sources of natural antioxidants and a potential candidate for curing several ailments.
{"title":"Antioxidant and Phytochemical analysis of selected lichen species from Mizoram, India","authors":"P. Lalremruata, R. Lalmuanpuii, V. Ralte, Zothanmawia, P. Lalthanpuii, K. Lalchhandama, R. Lalfakzuala","doi":"10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2022.v14.7211","url":null,"abstract":"Lichens are an important source of biologically active substances, primarily phenols, which are well known for their antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluated phytochemical constituents (flavonoids and phenols), and the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of the selected lichens species viz. Usnea baileyi, Hypotrachyna cirrhata and Lobaria pulmonaria collected from Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary, Mizoram, India. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid of the various extracts varied from 31.11 to 67.84 mg of Gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight (GAE/g DW) and from 27.43 to 37.06 mg of Quercetin equivalent per gram dry weight (QE/g DW) respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the methanol extract of tested samples showed a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value ranges from 133.6 µg/ml in L. pulmonaria to 243.9 µg/ml in U. baileyi. A comparison between lichens extract and positive control (BHT) showed a strong antioxidant capacity (IC50=10.81 μg/ml) of positive control than the lichens methanolic extract. A high negative and significant negative correlation (P<0.05) was observed between total phenol content and antioxidant activity IC50 of DPPH assay. Moreover, a positively high significant correlation was also obtained between total flavonoid and phenol content (P<0.01). The present study showed that bioactive compounds present in the lichen thallus may be used as good sources of natural antioxidants and a potential candidate for curing several ailments. ","PeriodicalId":16777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45430050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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