Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231180567
J. Jeong, T. Gim
While there has been increasing support for the theory that symbolic inequalities can influence urban crime, empirical evidence has been scarce. We examine how territorial stigma, the territorial accumulation of symbolic inequalities such as perceptions and prejudices, affects neighborhood-level urban crime using residents’ awareness and media reports. The analysis confirms that both indices considered subjective and objective evidence for territorial stigma had a significant relationship with urban crime. We suggest that it is necessary to examine symbolic inequality as one of the causes of urban crime, considering the process of forming the territorial stigma of crime.
{"title":"The Effect of Territorial Stigma on Urban Crime: A Neighborhood Analysis in Seoul, Korea","authors":"J. Jeong, T. Gim","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231180567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231180567","url":null,"abstract":"While there has been increasing support for the theory that symbolic inequalities can influence urban crime, empirical evidence has been scarce. We examine how territorial stigma, the territorial accumulation of symbolic inequalities such as perceptions and prejudices, affects neighborhood-level urban crime using residents’ awareness and media reports. The analysis confirms that both indices considered subjective and objective evidence for territorial stigma had a significant relationship with urban crime. We suggest that it is necessary to examine symbolic inequality as one of the causes of urban crime, considering the process of forming the territorial stigma of crime.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47791805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231177436
Katrin B. Anacker
The evolution of urban planning education in the United States has undergone four eras: First, from the early to mid-twentieth century, professionals from select disciplines and fields collaborated and institutionalized planning education. Second, during the mid-twentieth century, there were tensions between design/physical planning and policy/social sciences, as well as generalist and specialist education. Third, from the mid- to the late-twentieth century, there was institutionalization through recognition and accreditation. Fourth, since the late-twentieth century, planning education has transitioned to studio instruction and internationalization. In an evolving fifth era, triggered by sustainability, planning education is transitioning from interdisciplinarity to transdisciplinarity.
{"title":"The Evolution of the Four Eras of Urban Planning Education in the United States","authors":"Katrin B. Anacker","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231177436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231177436","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of urban planning education in the United States has undergone four eras: First, from the early to mid-twentieth century, professionals from select disciplines and fields collaborated and institutionalized planning education. Second, during the mid-twentieth century, there were tensions between design/physical planning and policy/social sciences, as well as generalist and specialist education. Third, from the mid- to the late-twentieth century, there was institutionalization through recognition and accreditation. Fourth, since the late-twentieth century, planning education has transitioned to studio instruction and internationalization. In an evolving fifth era, triggered by sustainability, planning education is transitioning from interdisciplinarity to transdisciplinarity.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41299213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231176072
Brian Y. An
The emergence of institutional single-family rental investors in local housing markets is increasingly concerning to policymakers and planners. This study examines how their rising presence in the single-family housing market has impacted homeownership. Leveraging both granular spatial and temporal variations in large investment firms’ transaction activities over 800 neighborhoods in the Atlanta metropolitan area between 2007 and 2016, I find that their concentrated investment in single-family rentals weakened local homeownership, mainly for Black. In contrast, evidence does not support the claim that smaller scale corporate investors dampened homeownership. The institutional scale matters in explaining a significantly diminished homeownership during this period.
{"title":"The Influence of Institutional Single-Family Rental Investors on Homeownership: Who Gets Targeted and Pushed Out of the Local Market?","authors":"Brian Y. An","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231176072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231176072","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of institutional single-family rental investors in local housing markets is increasingly concerning to policymakers and planners. This study examines how their rising presence in the single-family housing market has impacted homeownership. Leveraging both granular spatial and temporal variations in large investment firms’ transaction activities over 800 neighborhoods in the Atlanta metropolitan area between 2007 and 2016, I find that their concentrated investment in single-family rentals weakened local homeownership, mainly for Black. In contrast, evidence does not support the claim that smaller scale corporate investors dampened homeownership. The institutional scale matters in explaining a significantly diminished homeownership during this period.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46349067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Across urban and metropolitan regions worldwide, developing a new transit system is often considered an effective way to address traffic congestion. The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), the first subway system in Indonesia, aims to achieve that goal. Using a before-after, treatment-control evaluation design, we estimate the impact of the MRT Jakarta on corridor-level congestion using data derived from Google Maps and accessed through its application program interface. Results from difference-in-differences regressions indicate a considerably modest and largely localized short-term congestion reduction impact where improved roadway performance was observed mainly along the city’s central business district corridor.
{"title":"Impact of the MRT Jakarta on Congestion: Evidence from a Before-After, Treatment-Control Evaluation","authors":"Alyas Widita, Timothy Welch, Deden Rukmana, Andyan Diwangkari","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231174136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231174136","url":null,"abstract":"Across urban and metropolitan regions worldwide, developing a new transit system is often considered an effective way to address traffic congestion. The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), the first subway system in Indonesia, aims to achieve that goal. Using a before-after, treatment-control evaluation design, we estimate the impact of the MRT Jakarta on corridor-level congestion using data derived from Google Maps and accessed through its application program interface. Results from difference-in-differences regressions indicate a considerably modest and largely localized short-term congestion reduction impact where improved roadway performance was observed mainly along the city’s central business district corridor.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135643008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231175595
Timothy Ross, R. Buliung, T. Titchkosky, Paul Hess
In this commentary, we suggest that disability in planning practice is widely under-theorized. Planners must respond to normalized inattention to disability in the planning field and can begin doing so by engaging disability theory in practice. Five disability perspectives are discussed with a view to providing planners with a disability theory toolkit: (1) the medical, (2) social, and (3) biopsychosocial models; (4) a neoliberal viewpoint; and (5) a critical ableist studies lens. We encourage planners to embrace disability theory and the complexity of disability experiences, and to work toward unsettling the normalcy of disabled people’s exclusion in planned environments.
{"title":"Engaging Disability Theory in Planning Practice","authors":"Timothy Ross, R. Buliung, T. Titchkosky, Paul Hess","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231175595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231175595","url":null,"abstract":"In this commentary, we suggest that disability in planning practice is widely under-theorized. Planners must respond to normalized inattention to disability in the planning field and can begin doing so by engaging disability theory in practice. Five disability perspectives are discussed with a view to providing planners with a disability theory toolkit: (1) the medical, (2) social, and (3) biopsychosocial models; (4) a neoliberal viewpoint; and (5) a critical ableist studies lens. We encourage planners to embrace disability theory and the complexity of disability experiences, and to work toward unsettling the normalcy of disabled people’s exclusion in planned environments.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46868526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231173326
Yunlei Qi
Studies noticed that the United States new high-quality transit might trigger or accelerate neighborhood upgrading (transit-induced upgrading [TIU]), especially gentrification in less-affluent neighborhoods (transit-induced gentrification [TIG]), but current evidence was not conclusive. With a quasi-experimental design, this study confirms that TIG is likely but not inevitable and that TIU in affluent neighborhoods is less likely. Results also show that rail is more likely to induce gentrification than Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and that TIG is more evident over long term than over short term for rail-served neighborhoods. These findings thus imply that the BRT could help sustain the transit service to the most vulnerable.
{"title":"Transit-Induced Gentrification and Neighborhood Upgrading in the United States","authors":"Yunlei Qi","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231173326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231173326","url":null,"abstract":"Studies noticed that the United States new high-quality transit might trigger or accelerate neighborhood upgrading (transit-induced upgrading [TIU]), especially gentrification in less-affluent neighborhoods (transit-induced gentrification [TIG]), but current evidence was not conclusive. With a quasi-experimental design, this study confirms that TIG is likely but not inevitable and that TIU in affluent neighborhoods is less likely. Results also show that rail is more likely to induce gentrification than Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and that TIG is more evident over long term than over short term for rail-served neighborhoods. These findings thus imply that the BRT could help sustain the transit service to the most vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65203206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231175593
Rebecca J. Walter, Marie Skubak Tillyer, Alex Ramiller, Arthur Acolin
The neighborhood has been the dominant spatial unit in urban planning since the early 20th century. Criticisms of the neighborhood unit include disagreements about defining boundaries, methodological challenges in capturing neighborhood effects, and negative impacts on communities. With advancements in data management, and public data available at smaller units (street block or property), quantitative analyses are possible at the micro-scale. This commentary draws on crime research and prevention to illustrate the benefits of micro-scale approaches to quantitative analyses in the field of urban planning, arguing that the devolution to smaller scales may be a vehicle for efficient resource allocation.
{"title":"Scaling Down from the Neighborhood in Urban Planning Research and Practice: The Potential Benefits of a Micro-Scale Focus","authors":"Rebecca J. Walter, Marie Skubak Tillyer, Alex Ramiller, Arthur Acolin","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231175593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231175593","url":null,"abstract":"The neighborhood has been the dominant spatial unit in urban planning since the early 20th century. Criticisms of the neighborhood unit include disagreements about defining boundaries, methodological challenges in capturing neighborhood effects, and negative impacts on communities. With advancements in data management, and public data available at smaller units (street block or property), quantitative analyses are possible at the micro-scale. This commentary draws on crime research and prevention to illustrate the benefits of micro-scale approaches to quantitative analyses in the field of urban planning, arguing that the devolution to smaller scales may be a vehicle for efficient resource allocation.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45628475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231171098
Irene Gómez-Varo, Xavier Delclòs-Alió, C. Miralles-Guasch, Oriol Marquet
Promoting urban vitality has become an increasingly important focus among urban planners in the last decade. However, most definitions about what urban vitality consists of are based on quantitative methods, while the meaning and implications of vitality also need to be understood qualitatively. We conducted a study based on the PhotoVoice method in a low-income district in Barcelona, Spain, to explore how vitality is constructed among young people, a traditionally underrepresented group within the urban discussion and decision-making. The method, based on photography and group discussion, has proven effective to incorporate subjective perceptions and everyday life experiences on the understanding of the elements that contribute to urban vitality.
{"title":"Youth Perception of Urban Vitality: A PhotoVoice Study on the Everyday Experiences of Public Space","authors":"Irene Gómez-Varo, Xavier Delclòs-Alió, C. Miralles-Guasch, Oriol Marquet","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231171098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231171098","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting urban vitality has become an increasingly important focus among urban planners in the last decade. However, most definitions about what urban vitality consists of are based on quantitative methods, while the meaning and implications of vitality also need to be understood qualitatively. We conducted a study based on the PhotoVoice method in a low-income district in Barcelona, Spain, to explore how vitality is constructed among young people, a traditionally underrepresented group within the urban discussion and decision-making. The method, based on photography and group discussion, has proven effective to incorporate subjective perceptions and everyday life experiences on the understanding of the elements that contribute to urban vitality.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41284797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1177/0739456x231171100
A. Hurlimann, P. Cobbinah, J. Bush, Eric Gaisie
Despite the critical need for urban planners to address climate change, there is a limited understanding of planning professionals’ perceptions of their climate change competency. This paper reports results from a survey of Australian urban planning professionals, identifying their perceived climate change knowledge, skills, competencies, and everyday practice. The urban planning professionals surveyed had high levels of perceived climate change knowledge, but only a small number incorporate climate change impacts into their professional work. They had limited access to information and tools needed for climate change planning in their practice. Areas for further competency development through continuing education are identified.
{"title":"Continuing Education for Climate Change: A Study of Australian Urban Planners’ Current Practices and Developing Competence","authors":"A. Hurlimann, P. Cobbinah, J. Bush, Eric Gaisie","doi":"10.1177/0739456x231171100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x231171100","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the critical need for urban planners to address climate change, there is a limited understanding of planning professionals’ perceptions of their climate change competency. This paper reports results from a survey of Australian urban planning professionals, identifying their perceived climate change knowledge, skills, competencies, and everyday practice. The urban planning professionals surveyed had high levels of perceived climate change knowledge, but only a small number incorporate climate change impacts into their professional work. They had limited access to information and tools needed for climate change planning in their practice. Areas for further competency development through continuing education are identified.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44967420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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