Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.163175.1095
Moustafa Elshamy, Mona E. Mohamed
Ten stem rust monogenic lines and 14 commercial wheat cultivars were estimated under natural infection of stem rust disease for adult plant resistance (APR) during the 2019 – 2021 growing seasons at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, ARC. Obtained results showed that Sr 46, Sr 47, and Sr 51 were completely resistant along the three seasons, however, Sr 50 showed zero to trace % resistance. The rest of the Srs tended to have a susceptibility ranging between 20% and 80%. The genes Sr 54 and Sr 45 had the highest mean values of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and rate of disease increases (r-value) followed by Sr 49, Sr 52, Sr 48, and Sr 53, respectively. Local wheat cultivars Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10, Gemmeiza-11, Gemmeiza-12, Giza-171, Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Sids-14, and Shandweel-1 showed different resistance values ranging from (immune) zero to 10 moderately resistance (MR). While, Giza-168, Sids-12, Misr-3, Misr-2, and Misr-1 cultivars respectively displayed susceptibility ranging between moderately susceptible Tr-MS to susceptible 60S. Six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to stem rust resistance genes i.e. Sr 45, Sr 46, Sr 47, Sr 49, Sr 50, and Sr 52, respectively were selected to test their presence/absence in fourteen Egyptian wheat cultivars. The SSR results indicated the presence of Sr 45, Sr 46, and Sr 49 in the tested Egyptian cultivars. Sr 47 was positive in all cultivars except in Misr-2, while Sr 50 was present only in Gemmeiza-12, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-11, Gemmeiza-10, Shandweel-1, and Sakha-94 cultivars. However, Sr 52 is present in all tested cultivars except Gemmeiza-11. Sr 49, Sr 50, and Sr 52 displayed high levels of polymorphism (75, 100, and 100%, respectively) as analyzed the iMEC software.
{"title":"Identification of some Monogenic Lines Resistant to Stem Rust Disease Using Molecular Markers","authors":"Moustafa Elshamy, Mona E. Mohamed","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.163175.1095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.163175.1095","url":null,"abstract":"Ten stem rust monogenic lines and 14 commercial wheat cultivars were estimated under natural infection of stem rust disease for adult plant resistance (APR) during the 2019 – 2021 growing seasons at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, ARC. Obtained results showed that Sr 46, Sr 47, and Sr 51 were completely resistant along the three seasons, however, Sr 50 showed zero to trace % resistance. The rest of the Srs tended to have a susceptibility ranging between 20% and 80%. The genes Sr 54 and Sr 45 had the highest mean values of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and rate of disease increases (r-value) followed by Sr 49, Sr 52, Sr 48, and Sr 53, respectively. Local wheat cultivars Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10, Gemmeiza-11, Gemmeiza-12, Giza-171, Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Sids-14, and Shandweel-1 showed different resistance values ranging from (immune) zero to 10 moderately resistance (MR). While, Giza-168, Sids-12, Misr-3, Misr-2, and Misr-1 cultivars respectively displayed susceptibility ranging between moderately susceptible Tr-MS to susceptible 60S. Six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to stem rust resistance genes i.e. Sr 45, Sr 46, Sr 47, Sr 49, Sr 50, and Sr 52, respectively were selected to test their presence/absence in fourteen Egyptian wheat cultivars. The SSR results indicated the presence of Sr 45, Sr 46, and Sr 49 in the tested Egyptian cultivars. Sr 47 was positive in all cultivars except in Misr-2, while Sr 50 was present only in Gemmeiza-12, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-11, Gemmeiza-10, Shandweel-1, and Sakha-94 cultivars. However, Sr 52 is present in all tested cultivars except Gemmeiza-11. Sr 49, Sr 50, and Sr 52 displayed high levels of polymorphism (75, 100, and 100%, respectively) as analyzed the iMEC software.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82433090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.159202.1092
H. Rashed, M. Khalil, K. Khalwy, I. El-Ghbawy
Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae) is an insect pest that attacks many crops around the world and causing large reductions in the crop yield, including Graminaceous crops, especially maize. This pest introduced Egypt from Sudan, was recorded for the first time in Egypt in 2019 at Aswan Governorate on corn plants, and recently recorded in Assiut Governorate in 2021. In this study, the presence of S. frugiperda was detected in the Nile Delta of the northern part of Egypt, since it was transferred from the Upper Egypt governorates. Identification was made by observing the symptoms of infection on the investigated corn plants and the morphological characteristics of insect stages, such as holes on leaves and stems with larval feces, and presence of a white Y-shape on the head and 4 crescent-shaped black spots on all abdominal segments, except for the eighth segment, where they are square shaped. Further, the pupa has a pair of straight thorns at the end, while the adult insect has a row of small scales near the apical margin of the wing and the color of the wing changes from grayish brown to rusty brown. This study proves the presence S. frugiperda in northern part of Egypt, and because this pest has been detected, identified and its dispersal and crop destruction has been confirmed in many governorates of Egypt, it is necessary to update the geographical maps of its local distribution, to apply the recommended control approaches as a way to minimize its impacts on the agricultural crops. Further studies on its biology, host range, and food preference have to be taken in account.
{"title":"Appearance of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda as A New Invasive Insect Pest on Maize Plants in the Nile Delta, Egypt","authors":"H. Rashed, M. Khalil, K. Khalwy, I. El-Ghbawy","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.159202.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.159202.1092","url":null,"abstract":"Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae) is an insect pest that attacks many crops around the world and causing large reductions in the crop yield, including Graminaceous crops, especially maize. This pest introduced Egypt from Sudan, was recorded for the first time in Egypt in 2019 at Aswan Governorate on corn plants, and recently recorded in Assiut Governorate in 2021. In this study, the presence of S. frugiperda was detected in the Nile Delta of the northern part of Egypt, since it was transferred from the Upper Egypt governorates. Identification was made by observing the symptoms of infection on the investigated corn plants and the morphological characteristics of insect stages, such as holes on leaves and stems with larval feces, and presence of a white Y-shape on the head and 4 crescent-shaped black spots on all abdominal segments, except for the eighth segment, where they are square shaped. Further, the pupa has a pair of straight thorns at the end, while the adult insect has a row of small scales near the apical margin of the wing and the color of the wing changes from grayish brown to rusty brown. This study proves the presence S. frugiperda in northern part of Egypt, and because this pest has been detected, identified and its dispersal and crop destruction has been confirmed in many governorates of Egypt, it is necessary to update the geographical maps of its local distribution, to apply the recommended control approaches as a way to minimize its impacts on the agricultural crops. Further studies on its biology, host range, and food preference have to be taken in account.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79170398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.166931.1103
Nagwan Hamdy
The structure of the female bodies of several Diaspididae species was examined using leica-microsystems. Several types of michanical sensilla for nine species were described . they were Parlatoria zizyphii , Parlatori aoleae, Abgrallaspis mendax , Dynaspidiotus britannicus , Hemiperlesia cyanophlli , Lepidosaphes ficus , Lepidosaphes beckii, Aulacaspis tubercularis and Diaspidiotus pronorum . The structures of antennae of the different species and antennommers of the antennae were described in P. zizyphii, A. mendax, D. britannicus,H. cyanophlli, L. ficus and A. tubercularis . By tracing the tactial hairs on the studied insect species in P.oleae, L. beckii , A. mendax, D.pronorum and D.britannicus it was found that they exist in several places and differ from one species to another, and they may be found single or double. Also, another mechanoreceptors one campaniforrn sensillum in P. zizyphii , L. beckii and L. ficus some trichodea sensilla as mechanoreceptive setae were found in the prosoma and postsoma in L. beckii, L. ficus and D. pronorum . According to these comparative studies it is hypothesized that the general organization of the sensilla is common to Diaspididae. Four sensillary patterns were recognized, with an attempt to use these data at the systematic level.
{"title":"Morphology and Distribution of Mechanoreceptors of Diaspididae Females (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha)","authors":"Nagwan Hamdy","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.166931.1103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.166931.1103","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of the female bodies of several Diaspididae species was examined using leica-microsystems. Several types of michanical sensilla for nine species were described . they were Parlatoria zizyphii , Parlatori aoleae, Abgrallaspis mendax , Dynaspidiotus britannicus , Hemiperlesia cyanophlli , Lepidosaphes ficus , Lepidosaphes beckii, Aulacaspis tubercularis and Diaspidiotus pronorum . The structures of antennae of the different species and antennommers of the antennae were described in P. zizyphii, A. mendax, D. britannicus,H. cyanophlli, L. ficus and A. tubercularis . By tracing the tactial hairs on the studied insect species in P.oleae, L. beckii , A. mendax, D.pronorum and D.britannicus it was found that they exist in several places and differ from one species to another, and they may be found single or double. Also, another mechanoreceptors one campaniforrn sensillum in P. zizyphii , L. beckii and L. ficus some trichodea sensilla as mechanoreceptive setae were found in the prosoma and postsoma in L. beckii, L. ficus and D. pronorum . According to these comparative studies it is hypothesized that the general organization of the sensilla is common to Diaspididae. Four sensillary patterns were recognized, with an attempt to use these data at the systematic level.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87491655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.153798.1090
A. Marouf, F. Harras
In Egypt, tomato crop is the second most important vegetable crop and Tuta absoluta comes among the most serious lepidopterous insects that attaching the tomato crop. Due to the dangers of chemical pesticides, nano-emulsions have recently been in pest control programs. The present study looked into the larvicidal activity of the three plant oil extracts and their nano-emulsions against the second instar larvae of T. absoluta. Spraying method was used for application on the leaves infested with T. absoluta larvae. Results showed that nano-emulsions of essential oils were more effective than traditional essential oils against larvae. The highest mortality proportion caused by the high concentrations of Nano emulsion of essential oils (250 ppm) and essential oils (10000 ppm) under laboratory conditions . But the highest reduction percentage in larvae population was caused by essential oil nano-emulsions under field conditions . As a conclusion, nanoparticles of essential oil have to be used as bio-pesticides in IPM programs of T. absoluta .
{"title":"Efficacy of Three Plant Oil Extracts and their Nano-Emulsions on the Leaf Miner, Tuta absoluta Larvae (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)","authors":"A. Marouf, F. Harras","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.153798.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.153798.1090","url":null,"abstract":"In Egypt, tomato crop is the second most important vegetable crop and Tuta absoluta comes among the most serious lepidopterous insects that attaching the tomato crop. Due to the dangers of chemical pesticides, nano-emulsions have recently been in pest control programs. The present study looked into the larvicidal activity of the three plant oil extracts and their nano-emulsions against the second instar larvae of T. absoluta. Spraying method was used for application on the leaves infested with T. absoluta larvae. Results showed that nano-emulsions of essential oils were more effective than traditional essential oils against larvae. The highest mortality proportion caused by the high concentrations of Nano emulsion of essential oils (250 ppm) and essential oils (10000 ppm) under laboratory conditions . But the highest reduction percentage in larvae population was caused by essential oil nano-emulsions under field conditions . As a conclusion, nanoparticles of essential oil have to be used as bio-pesticides in IPM programs of T. absoluta .","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78133055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.162115.1094
S. Hamed, H. Anber, A. Hamid, H. Nasseem, R. Baz
Field experiments were carried out at Sidi-Salem district, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during seasons 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of nine chemical compounds viz ., thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, flonicamid, emamectin benzoate, methomyl, alpha-cypermethrin, profenofos, Kz-oil, and detergent soap against the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley. The side effects of the tested compounds on the associated predators were studied as well. The obtained results revealed that profenofos and thiamethoxam were the most affective against cotton mealybug recording 82 and 79.4 % reduction respectively as mean of effect during 10 days experiment period in 2017. In 2018, thiamethoxam was the most potent followed by flonicamid and profenofos causing mean of reduction percentage in mealybug population by 78, 76 and 74, respectively. Whereas, emamectin benzoate, Kz-oil, and detergent soap had the lowest activity against mealybug in both seasons of study. The other tested compounds indicated a moderate toxicity. Concerning the side effects on the associated predators, profenofos, alpha-cypermethrin, thiamethoxam and flonicamid were the most harmful to Chrysoperla carnea Steph., and Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus, recording more than 50 % mean of reduction. On the other hand, emamectin benzoate, Kz-oil, and detergent proved to be the most harmless to both predators having less than 25 % mean of reduction in the predators population.
{"title":"Comparative Efficiency of some Chemicals against Cotton Mealybug and their Side Effects on Associated Predators under Field Condition","authors":"S. Hamed, H. Anber, A. Hamid, H. Nasseem, R. Baz","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.162115.1094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.162115.1094","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were carried out at Sidi-Salem district, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during seasons 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of nine chemical compounds viz ., thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, flonicamid, emamectin benzoate, methomyl, alpha-cypermethrin, profenofos, Kz-oil, and detergent soap against the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley. The side effects of the tested compounds on the associated predators were studied as well. The obtained results revealed that profenofos and thiamethoxam were the most affective against cotton mealybug recording 82 and 79.4 % reduction respectively as mean of effect during 10 days experiment period in 2017. In 2018, thiamethoxam was the most potent followed by flonicamid and profenofos causing mean of reduction percentage in mealybug population by 78, 76 and 74, respectively. Whereas, emamectin benzoate, Kz-oil, and detergent soap had the lowest activity against mealybug in both seasons of study. The other tested compounds indicated a moderate toxicity. Concerning the side effects on the associated predators, profenofos, alpha-cypermethrin, thiamethoxam and flonicamid were the most harmful to Chrysoperla carnea Steph., and Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus, recording more than 50 % mean of reduction. On the other hand, emamectin benzoate, Kz-oil, and detergent proved to be the most harmless to both predators having less than 25 % mean of reduction in the predators population.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85897665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2022.158275.1162
Duaa M H Rezk, A. Mostafa, M. K. Hamz, N. Sukar
Studies on the floral morphology of seven species and two cultivars belonging to five genera of Cucurbitaceae were carried out to determine the relationship between these taxa. The study was carried out on the flowers' morphological, Micro-morphological, and anatomical feature. The results showed that the flowers were either solitary as in Cucumis sativus or in raceme inflorescence as in male flower of Luffa aegyptiaca only. Anther shapes winding as in Cucumis melo cv. flexuosus , oblong as in C. moschata or crescent shaped as in L. aegyptiaca . Pollen grains were spherical in most of the studied taxa except C. melo cv. flexuosus which has an oblate shape. Epidermal cell walls in sepals and petals are straight or sinuate. Hairs unicellular as in C. sativus or multicellular as in C. pepo ; branched as in C. moschata or un-branched e.g. L. siceraria . The anatomical flower pedicel showed that the pedicel in the cross-section is angled as in the male flower of L. siceraria , and rounded as in C. lanatus cv. colocynthis , polygonal circular e.g. C. lanatus , polygonal oval as in C. pepo , or oblique circular as in female flower of L. aegyptiaca . The number of vascular bundles in petiole varies from seven as in male flower petiole of L. siceraria to 42 vascular bundles as in male flower petiole of C. pepo .
{"title":"Floral Structural Characteristics of Some Economic Cucurbits in Egypt","authors":"Duaa M H Rezk, A. Mostafa, M. K. Hamz, N. Sukar","doi":"10.21608/jpp.2022.158275.1162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2022.158275.1162","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the floral morphology of seven species and two cultivars belonging to five genera of Cucurbitaceae were carried out to determine the relationship between these taxa. The study was carried out on the flowers' morphological, Micro-morphological, and anatomical feature. The results showed that the flowers were either solitary as in Cucumis sativus or in raceme inflorescence as in male flower of Luffa aegyptiaca only. Anther shapes winding as in Cucumis melo cv. flexuosus , oblong as in C. moschata or crescent shaped as in L. aegyptiaca . Pollen grains were spherical in most of the studied taxa except C. melo cv. flexuosus which has an oblate shape. Epidermal cell walls in sepals and petals are straight or sinuate. Hairs unicellular as in C. sativus or multicellular as in C. pepo ; branched as in C. moschata or un-branched e.g. L. siceraria . The anatomical flower pedicel showed that the pedicel in the cross-section is angled as in the male flower of L. siceraria , and rounded as in C. lanatus cv. colocynthis , polygonal circular e.g. C. lanatus , polygonal oval as in C. pepo , or oblique circular as in female flower of L. aegyptiaca . The number of vascular bundles in petiole varies from seven as in male flower petiole of L. siceraria to 42 vascular bundles as in male flower petiole of C. pepo .","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84059473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.144024.1081
Mohammad M. Mansour, Marian M. Habeb, A. Aly, A. Ashour, E. Hussein
Twenty-two essential oils were tested over three years to examine how effective they were in controlling powdery mildew of flax when they were used as foliar sprays in an outdoor pot experiment. Certain oils exhibited an inconsistency trend across years with some were effective in controlling the disease and others were not. None of the tested oils failed in controlling the disease in all tested years. The cluster analysis grouping of the oils was unrelated to the taxonomic position of their plant sources. Onion, caraway, celery, and black cumin oils were promising for commercialization due to two reasons; firstly, they significantly reduced incidence and severity of disease each year, and secondly, they had no negative effects on seed and straw production.
{"title":"The Efficiency of some Essential Oils for Controlling Powdery Mildew on Flax Plants","authors":"Mohammad M. Mansour, Marian M. Habeb, A. Aly, A. Ashour, E. Hussein","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.144024.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.144024.1081","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-two essential oils were tested over three years to examine how effective they were in controlling powdery mildew of flax when they were used as foliar sprays in an outdoor pot experiment. Certain oils exhibited an inconsistency trend across years with some were effective in controlling the disease and others were not. None of the tested oils failed in controlling the disease in all tested years. The cluster analysis grouping of the oils was unrelated to the taxonomic position of their plant sources. Onion, caraway, celery, and black cumin oils were promising for commercialization due to two reasons; firstly, they significantly reduced incidence and severity of disease each year, and secondly, they had no negative effects on seed and straw production.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90468446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.161968.1093
Y. Shabana, Allam Ahmed, M. Sobhy
Egypt is considered one of the main strawberry producer's countries. Grey mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea , is a destructive disease resulting in significant losses in strawberry production worldwide. Fruits might be infected in the field, storage and transport. Management Approaches for the pathogen in strawberry depends mainly on using protective fungicides. Boscalid is a new broad-spectrum fungicide used to control B. cinerea in strawberry. Recently, lack of efficiency of the fungicide reported in many countries. The current study aims to detect Botrytis cinerea resistant isolates to boscalid in the main strawberry production governorates in Egypt (Beheira, Ismailia and Qalyubie) between 2019 and 2021. 269 isolates were collected and tested to distinguish resistant isolates. Sensitivity of a set of resistant and sensitive isolates was measured by determining the effective concentration that inhibits 50 % of mycelial growth. The results showed that, 225 (83.6%) isolates were resistant to boscalid while, only 47 (16.4%) isolates were sensitive. Monitoring of resistance frequency revealed that there were remarkably increasing in resistance frequencies to boscalid in B. cinerea isolates during 2019 and 2021 seasons as it was 84.03% in 2019 while it reached to 98.87% in 2021. 17 Bos S sensitive isolates randomly selected were used to determine the EC 50 for boscalid using mycelial growth inhibition assay and the EC 50 values ranged from 0.0067 to 1.14 µg/ml with a mean of 0.29 µg/ml. While, the EC 50 values for17 Bos R resistant isolates randomly selected ranged from 2.1 to 16.2 µg/ml with a mean of 7.3 µg/ml.
{"title":"Sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea Isolates Collected from Strawberry to SDHI Fungicide Boscalid","authors":"Y. Shabana, Allam Ahmed, M. Sobhy","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.161968.1093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.161968.1093","url":null,"abstract":"Egypt is considered one of the main strawberry producer's countries. Grey mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea , is a destructive disease resulting in significant losses in strawberry production worldwide. Fruits might be infected in the field, storage and transport. Management Approaches for the pathogen in strawberry depends mainly on using protective fungicides. Boscalid is a new broad-spectrum fungicide used to control B. cinerea in strawberry. Recently, lack of efficiency of the fungicide reported in many countries. The current study aims to detect Botrytis cinerea resistant isolates to boscalid in the main strawberry production governorates in Egypt (Beheira, Ismailia and Qalyubie) between 2019 and 2021. 269 isolates were collected and tested to distinguish resistant isolates. Sensitivity of a set of resistant and sensitive isolates was measured by determining the effective concentration that inhibits 50 % of mycelial growth. The results showed that, 225 (83.6%) isolates were resistant to boscalid while, only 47 (16.4%) isolates were sensitive. Monitoring of resistance frequency revealed that there were remarkably increasing in resistance frequencies to boscalid in B. cinerea isolates during 2019 and 2021 seasons as it was 84.03% in 2019 while it reached to 98.87% in 2021. 17 Bos S sensitive isolates randomly selected were used to determine the EC 50 for boscalid using mycelial growth inhibition assay and the EC 50 values ranged from 0.0067 to 1.14 µg/ml with a mean of 0.29 µg/ml. While, the EC 50 values for17 Bos R resistant isolates randomly selected ranged from 2.1 to 16.2 µg/ml with a mean of 7.3 µg/ml.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83204817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.153541.1089
Y. Fergani, Yasmin El Sayed, E. Refaei
The sugar beet productions are generally threatened by the sugar beet moth Scrobipalpa ocellatella causing enormous yield loss. The current study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of one of the traditional insecticides (Chlorpyrifos) and the fungal-based bio-pesticides (Biossiana®) against the sugar beet moth during the two successive growing seasons (2020-2021) and to investigate their safety in the associated arthropod predators in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. The dose recommended by the Egyptian agricultural ministry was used to apply the tested pesticides. Results showed that the tested Chlorpyrifos induced a high reduction percentage in the size population of S. ocellatella as well as for the arthropod predators associated with the pest through the two seasons of investigation while the tested bio pesticides product based on entomopathogenic B. basssiana (Biossiana®) Caused maximum reduction percentage for S. ocellatella that reaches 92.9 % in both seasons. When compared to untreated areas, Tac® was effective against the S. ocellatella larvae population after the initial treatment and three days later, causing 77.03 and 83.05% respectively. The obtained results showed that the tested Biossiana® lower reduction percentage for the arthropod predators associated with the pest compared to the untreated area in addition to the ability of the arthropod predators to compensate for their effect. Therefore, it is considered that farmers in Egypt can effectively utilize Tac® and Biossiana® as a part of integrated pest management. Programs. Biossiana® might be an excellent alternative that could be used in IPM control programs with no considerable hazards to associated arthropod predators.
{"title":"Field Evaluation of Organophosphorus Insecticides, Chlorpyrifos and Fungal Bio-Pesticides, Beauveria bassiana Towards the Sugar Beet Moth Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Studying their Effect on the Population Size of the Associated Arthropod Predators in the Egyptian Sugar Be","authors":"Y. Fergani, Yasmin El Sayed, E. Refaei","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.153541.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.153541.1089","url":null,"abstract":"The sugar beet productions are generally threatened by the sugar beet moth Scrobipalpa ocellatella causing enormous yield loss. The current study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of one of the traditional insecticides (Chlorpyrifos) and the fungal-based bio-pesticides (Biossiana®) against the sugar beet moth during the two successive growing seasons (2020-2021) and to investigate their safety in the associated arthropod predators in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. The dose recommended by the Egyptian agricultural ministry was used to apply the tested pesticides. Results showed that the tested Chlorpyrifos induced a high reduction percentage in the size population of S. ocellatella as well as for the arthropod predators associated with the pest through the two seasons of investigation while the tested bio pesticides product based on entomopathogenic B. basssiana (Biossiana®) Caused maximum reduction percentage for S. ocellatella that reaches 92.9 % in both seasons. When compared to untreated areas, Tac® was effective against the S. ocellatella larvae population after the initial treatment and three days later, causing 77.03 and 83.05% respectively. The obtained results showed that the tested Biossiana® lower reduction percentage for the arthropod predators associated with the pest compared to the untreated area in addition to the ability of the arthropod predators to compensate for their effect. Therefore, it is considered that farmers in Egypt can effectively utilize Tac® and Biossiana® as a part of integrated pest management. Programs. Biossiana® might be an excellent alternative that could be used in IPM control programs with no considerable hazards to associated arthropod predators.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78972689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2022.154822.1091
W. E. El Shafei, L. Lewaa, S. El-Masry
The date palm is one of most important fruits in Middle East. Date fruits are exposed to infestation by many insect pests like Ephestia cautella (Walker) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) which decrease their quantity and quality. This study aimed to evaluate efficiency of two viruses (NPV and GV) on mentioned these insects. Seven concentrations of each virus were tested (1x10 1 to 1x10 7 ) against these two insects at various durations: 5, 7, and 10 days. Results showed that corrected larval mortality% of E. cautella and P. interpunctella increased by increasing viruses concentrations and exposed durations with highest percentages were 54.44 and 73.33% for E. cautella and P. interpunctella larvae respectively compared with control after treating with NPV virus 1x10 7 for 10 days. While these were 74.33 and 100% for E. cautella and P. interpunctella respectively in case of GV virus compared with control. Data obtained revealed that P. interpunctella larvae were more susceptible to tested viruses than E. cautella larvae. Further, the two insects were more susceptible to GV concentration than NPV concentrations. The corrected mortality percentages of E. and P. interpunctella larvae were increased to 95.56 and 98.89% respectively after using mixture of LC 50 s of two viruses compared to LC 50 of each virus separately. In addition, both viruses exhibited no-effect on tested chemical contents of date’s fruits. As a conclusion, combination of both viruses increased their efficacy against E. cautella and P. interpunctella and this has to be considered in biocontrol programs of both insect pests.
{"title":"Biological Control of Two Date Fruit Insect Pests Using Entomopathogenic Viruses","authors":"W. E. El Shafei, L. Lewaa, S. El-Masry","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2022.154822.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2022.154822.1091","url":null,"abstract":"The date palm is one of most important fruits in Middle East. Date fruits are exposed to infestation by many insect pests like Ephestia cautella (Walker) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) which decrease their quantity and quality. This study aimed to evaluate efficiency of two viruses (NPV and GV) on mentioned these insects. Seven concentrations of each virus were tested (1x10 1 to 1x10 7 ) against these two insects at various durations: 5, 7, and 10 days. Results showed that corrected larval mortality% of E. cautella and P. interpunctella increased by increasing viruses concentrations and exposed durations with highest percentages were 54.44 and 73.33% for E. cautella and P. interpunctella larvae respectively compared with control after treating with NPV virus 1x10 7 for 10 days. While these were 74.33 and 100% for E. cautella and P. interpunctella respectively in case of GV virus compared with control. Data obtained revealed that P. interpunctella larvae were more susceptible to tested viruses than E. cautella larvae. Further, the two insects were more susceptible to GV concentration than NPV concentrations. The corrected mortality percentages of E. and P. interpunctella larvae were increased to 95.56 and 98.89% respectively after using mixture of LC 50 s of two viruses compared to LC 50 of each virus separately. In addition, both viruses exhibited no-effect on tested chemical contents of date’s fruits. As a conclusion, combination of both viruses increased their efficacy against E. cautella and P. interpunctella and this has to be considered in biocontrol programs of both insect pests.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74492360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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