Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.025
Edgar D. Garcia DDS , Courtney S. Babb DMD , Mario F. Romero DDS
Mandibular complete dentures frequently present challenges related to retention and stability associated with anatomic and functional constraints. Traditional impression techniques often involve multiple steps and materials that can lead to dimensional inaccuracies and patient discomfort. This clinical report introduces a simplified dual-stage digital mandibular scanning technique using a soft liner for border molding combined with a digital workflow. By integrating digital scanning and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies, this method enhances the accuracy of denture base adaptation, reduces processing distortions, and improves overall patient satisfaction. The clinical application demonstrated significant improvements in retention, as evidenced by a retention force of 5.0 N measured with a dynamometer, highlighting the efficacy of this approach.
{"title":"Improving retention of mandibular complete dentures through soft liner border molding and digital fabrication","authors":"Edgar D. Garcia DDS , Courtney S. Babb DMD , Mario F. Romero DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Mandibular complete dentures frequently present challenges related to retention and stability associated with anatomic and functional constraints. Traditional impression techniques often involve multiple steps and materials that can lead to dimensional inaccuracies and patient discomfort. This clinical report introduces a simplified dual-stage digital mandibular scanning technique using a soft liner for border molding combined with a digital workflow. By integrating digital scanning and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies, this method enhances the accuracy of denture </span>base adaptation, reduces processing distortions, and improves overall patient satisfaction. The clinical application demonstrated significant improvements in retention, as evidenced by a retention force of 5.0 N measured with a dynamometer, highlighting the efficacy of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 588-592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.03.048
Chan Young Park DMD, MSD , Seoung-Jin Hong DMD, PhD , Kung-Rock Kwon DMD, PhD , Kwantae Noh DMD, PhD
Dental implants in the esthetic zone are always challenging because of high patient esthetic and functional expectations. However, the development of digital technology has improved diagnostic tools and simplified treatment procedures. This clinical report describes a fully digital workflow for esthetic implant-supported prostheses, including digital dentofacial analysis, restoration-driven implant surgery, soft tissue contouring, and cast-free definitive prosthesis delivery. The patient was recalled 1 year after the delivery of the definitive prosthesis. Without any pathologic or radiographic findings, the patient was satisfied with the esthetics and function.
{"title":"A digital workflow for implants in the esthetic zone: A clinical report from dentofacial diagnosis to cast-free prosthesis delivery with a 1-year follow up","authors":"Chan Young Park DMD, MSD , Seoung-Jin Hong DMD, PhD , Kung-Rock Kwon DMD, PhD , Kwantae Noh DMD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.03.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.03.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dental implants in the esthetic zone are always challenging because of high patient esthetic and functional expectations. However, the development of digital technology has improved diagnostic tools and simplified treatment procedures. This clinical report describes a fully digital workflow for esthetic implant-supported prostheses, including digital dentofacial analysis, restoration-driven implant surgery, soft tissue contouring, and cast-free definitive prosthesis delivery. The patient was recalled 1 year after the delivery of the definitive prosthesis. Without any pathologic or radiographic findings, the patient was satisfied with the esthetics and function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 442-447"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.048
Philippe Nuytens DDS, MSc, PhDs , Francesco Grande DDS, MSc, PhDs , Stefan Vandeweghe DDS, MSc, PhD , Luca Lepidi DDS, MSc
The integration of facial scanning into the complete arch pillar system to transfer a maxillary complete arch implant scan into a virtual articulator is described. This 2-step technique uses the pillar system to align intraoral and facial scans, creating a 3-dimensional virtual patient for the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing of a maxillary immediately loaded implant-supported fixed prosthesis.
{"title":"Integrating facial scanning into the complete arch pillar system to create a 3D virtual patient: A dental technique","authors":"Philippe Nuytens DDS, MSc, PhDs , Francesco Grande DDS, MSc, PhDs , Stefan Vandeweghe DDS, MSc, PhD , Luca Lepidi DDS, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of facial scanning into the complete arch pillar system to transfer a maxillary complete arch implant scan into a virtual articulator is described. This 2-step technique uses the pillar system to align intraoral and facial scans, creating a 3-dimensional virtual patient for the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing of a maxillary immediately loaded implant-supported fixed prosthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 467-476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.033
Silvana Palomeque DDS , Alessandro D. Loguercio DDS, MSc, PhD , Cesar Augusto Galvão Arrais DDS, MSc, PhD , Cristian Sánchez DDS, MSc , Camilo Pulido DDS, MSc, PhD
Statement of problem
Evidence regarding the effect of surface treatment on the bond strength and surface morphology of 3-dimensionally (3D) printed and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite materials is sparse. Enhancing the bond strength to these materials and their surface modifications is essential for ensuring clinical success.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of light-polymerized resin cement and the surface morphology of composite materials for definitive indirect restorations after different pretreatments.
Material and methods
Specimens (6×7×9 mm) from composite CAD-CAM materials were fabricated: 5 by 3D printing (Varseosmile Crown Plus - BEGO (VSC), Crowntec - Saremco Print (CWT), Biocrown - Prizma (BCN), Ceramic Crown - SprintRay (CCN), and Voxel Print – FGM (VXP) and 3 by milling: Cerasmart - GC (CSM), Brilliant Crios - Coltène (BCR), and Enamic - Vita (ENA). Thirteen specimens of each material were selected: 10 for μSBS and 3 for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two surface pretreatment protocols were applied: Airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide followed by silane (AL+S), and 5% hydrofluoric acid followed by silane (HF+S). For µSBS testing, transparent cylindrical matrices were filled with light-polymerized resin cement. After 24-hour storage, the specimens were subjected to shear testing (crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/minute). The data were analyzed by 2-way variance analysis and the Bonferroni post hoc test (α=.05).
Results
Within the HF+S groups, ENA exhibited the highest µSBS values (18.47 ±1.0 MPa), although no significant differences were found with VXP (16.12 ±1.4 MPa). The highest µSBS mean value was observed on the CCN surface after AL+S (19.49 ±2.8 MPa), followed by VSC (18.74 ±2.2 MPa) and CSM (18.45 ±1.1 MPa). The surface pattern with AL+S presented more evident irregularities on both printable and machinable materials.
Conclusions
Airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide was found to be appropriate for both milled and printed materials. Hydrofluoric acid etching was not recommended for all types of CAD-CAM resin ceramics, even when followed by silane application.
{"title":"Three-dimensionally printed and milled composite materials for definitive restorations. Part 2: Effect of surface treatment on the bond strength of light-polymerized resin cement and surface morphology","authors":"Silvana Palomeque DDS , Alessandro D. Loguercio DDS, MSc, PhD , Cesar Augusto Galvão Arrais DDS, MSc, PhD , Cristian Sánchez DDS, MSc , Camilo Pulido DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Evidence regarding the effect of surface treatment on the bond strength and surface morphology of 3-dimensionally (3D) printed and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite materials is sparse. Enhancing the bond strength to these materials and their surface modifications is essential for ensuring clinical success.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of light-polymerized resin cement and the surface morphology of composite materials for definitive indirect restorations after different pretreatments.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Specimens (6<strong>×</strong>7<strong>×</strong>9 mm) from composite CAD-CAM materials were fabricated: 5 by 3D printing (Varseosmile Crown Plus - BEGO (VSC), Crowntec - Saremco Print (CWT), Biocrown - Prizma (BCN), Ceramic Crown - SprintRay (CCN), and Voxel Print – FGM (VXP) and 3 by milling: Cerasmart - GC (CSM), Brilliant Crios - Coltène (BCR), and Enamic - Vita (ENA). Thirteen specimens of each material were selected: 10 for μSBS and 3 for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two surface pretreatment protocols were applied: Airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide followed by silane (AL+S), and 5% hydrofluoric acid followed by silane (HF+S). For µSBS testing, transparent cylindrical matrices were filled with light-polymerized resin cement. After 24-hour storage, the specimens were subjected to shear testing (crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/minute). The data were analyzed by 2-way variance analysis and the Bonferroni post hoc test (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Within the HF+S groups, ENA exhibited the highest µSBS values (18.47 ±1.0 MPa), although no significant differences were found with VXP (16.12 ±1.4 MPa). The highest µSBS mean value was observed on the CCN surface after AL+S (19.49 ±2.8 MPa), followed by VSC (18.74 ±2.2 MPa) and CSM (18.45 ±1.1 MPa). The surface pattern with AL+S presented more evident irregularities on both printable and machinable materials.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide was found to be appropriate for both milled and printed materials. Hydrofluoric acid etching was not recommended for all types of CAD-CAM resin ceramics, even when followed by silane application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 581.e1-581.e9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.044
Fangping Xu BDS, Huicong Zhang MDS
{"title":"Letter to the Editor regarding, “Impact of alveolar ridge preservation on soft tissue contour changes after extraction of a periodontally compromised molar: A prospective controlled clinical trial”","authors":"Fangping Xu BDS, Huicong Zhang MDS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 649-650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.10.036
Jinhao Chen MS , Jiangqiuchen Wu MS , Cunming Lv MS
Statement of problem
Edentulism, driven by aging populations and socioeconomic disparities, imposes significant global health burdens through prosthetic costs, productivity losses, and links to systemic diseases.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore regional, age, and sex-specific trends and evaluate how population growth, aging, and epidemiological shifts shape these patterns.
Material and methods
Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, edentulism incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries were analyzed in this observational study with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), driver decomposition (population growth, aging, and epidemiological change), and Social Development Index (SDI)-based frontier analysis.
Results
EAPC showed pronounced regional heterogeneity with sex-specific patterns indicating uneven progress. Decomposition identified population growth and aging as dominant drivers, with epidemiologic change modulating trends. SDI-frontier analysis revealed divergent trajectories—some countries moved closer to the frontier with SDI gains and burden declines, while others saw rising burdens despite SDI improvements.
Conclusions
Despite advances in high-income settings, the global edentulism burden has increased since 1990; persistent sex-related, socioeconomic, and aging-related inequities necessitate targeted prevention and equitable, context-specific care.
{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of edentulism, 1990–2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Jinhao Chen MS , Jiangqiuchen Wu MS , Cunming Lv MS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.10.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.10.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Edentulism, driven by aging populations and socioeconomic disparities, imposes significant global health burdens through prosthetic costs, productivity losses, and links to systemic diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to explore regional, age, and sex-specific trends and evaluate how population growth, aging, and epidemiological shifts shape these patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, edentulism incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries were analyzed in this observational study with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), driver decomposition (population growth, aging, and epidemiological change), and Social Development Index (SDI)-based frontier analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EAPC showed pronounced regional heterogeneity with sex-specific patterns indicating uneven progress. Decomposition identified population growth and aging as dominant drivers, with epidemiologic change modulating trends. SDI-frontier analysis revealed divergent trajectories—some countries moved closer to the frontier with SDI gains and burden declines, while others saw rising burdens despite SDI improvements.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite advances in high-income settings, the global edentulism burden has increased since 1990; persistent sex-related, socioeconomic, and aging-related inequities necessitate targeted prevention and equitable, context-specific care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 585.e1-585.e11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145431662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.11.049
Chenglu Ruan MS, MDSc
{"title":"Letter to the Editor regarding \"Evaluation of color matching accuracy using artificial intelligence applications and a spectrophotometer: A photometric analysis\"","authors":"Chenglu Ruan MS, MDSc","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.11.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.11.049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Page 643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-05-17DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.028
Ahmed N. Elsherbini DMD, DDS , Zeinab A. Elshereef DDS , Tasneem M. Soliman DDS
Statement of problem
Complete denture movement is inevitable and leads to mechanical irritation. Additional retention such as with adhesives can reduce mechanical irritation by reducing the denture movement but may be a chemical irritant. Whether these irritations can have an adverse effect on the salivary cells and oral infections is unclear.
Purpose
The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of complete denture retention, with or without a denture adhesive, on salivary cellular changes and Candida albicans activity
Material and methods
Forty healthy, nonanemic, completely edentulous, male and female participants, between 40 and 60 years old were enrolled and randomly allocated into 2 equal groups. In one group, participants received conventional complete dentures without an adhesive. In the other group, participants received conventional complete dentures with an adhesive (Corega Super; GlaxoSmithKline). Saliva samples were collected in sterile containers for both groups before denture insertion, 1 month after insertion, and 3 months after insertion. Exfoliated squamous cells were examined regarding nuclear size (nuclear/cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio), chromatin distribution, regularity of nuclear membrane, prominent nucleolus, nuclear bi- or multinucleation, and Candida albicans count.
Results
After 1 month and after 3 months in the group without an adhesive, no change was seen in the histological composition. However, in the group with an adhesive at 1 month after insertion, superficial and intermediate squamous cells were seen, with occasional reactive nuclear changes, showing enlarged nuclei and moderate inflammation polymorph nuclear leukocytes (PNLs). At 3 months after insertion, superficial and intermediate squamous cells were seen, with remarkable reactive nuclear changes, showing enlarged nuclei, binucleation, prominent nucleoli, and marked inflammation (PNLs).
Conclusions
Provision of a complete denture did not alter the salivary cells; however, the use of a denture adhesive can lead to inflammatory responses of the salivary cells.
{"title":"Influence of the use of a denture adhesive on salivary cells and candidal activity: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Ahmed N. Elsherbini DMD, DDS , Zeinab A. Elshereef DDS , Tasneem M. Soliman DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.04.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Complete denture movement is inevitable and leads to mechanical irritation. Additional retention such as with adhesives can reduce mechanical irritation by reducing the denture movement but may be a chemical irritant<span>. Whether these irritations can have an adverse effect on the salivary cells and oral infections is unclear.</span></div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div><span>The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of complete denture retention, with or without a denture adhesive, on salivary cellular changes and </span><span><em>Candida albicans</em></span> activity</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div><span><span>Forty healthy, nonanemic, completely edentulous, male and female participants, between 40 and 60 years old were enrolled and randomly allocated into 2 equal groups. In one group, participants received conventional complete dentures without an adhesive. In the other group, participants received conventional complete dentures with an adhesive (Corega Super; GlaxoSmithKline). Saliva samples were collected in sterile containers for both groups before denture insertion, 1 month after insertion, and 3 months after insertion. Exfoliated squamous cells were examined regarding nuclear size (nuclear/cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio), chromatin distribution, regularity of </span>nuclear membrane<span>, prominent nucleolus, nuclear bi- or multinucleation, and </span></span><em>Candida albicans</em> count.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 1 month and after 3 months in the group without an adhesive, no change was seen in the histological composition. However, in the group with an adhesive at 1 month after insertion, superficial and intermediate squamous cells were seen, with occasional reactive nuclear changes, showing enlarged nuclei and moderate inflammation polymorph nuclear leukocytes (PNLs). At 3 months after insertion, superficial and intermediate squamous cells were seen, with remarkable reactive nuclear changes, showing enlarged nuclei, binucleation, prominent nucleoli, and marked inflammation (PNLs).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Provision of a complete denture did not alter the salivary cells; however, the use of a denture adhesive can lead to inflammatory responses of the salivary cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 565-569"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.05.006
Ahmed Sameir Mohamed Ali BDS, MSc , Yuka I. Sumita DDS, PhD , Masako Akiyama B.Pharm , Islam E. Ali BDS, MDS, PhD , Natsuko Murakami DDS, PhD , Noriyuki Wakabayashi DDS, PhD
<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div><span>Maxillary obturators have been used to restore oral tissues, extending into the defective nose for sealing and retention. Although they markedly improve oral health-related quality of life, the effects of </span>maxillectomy and obturators on nasal function have not been thoroughly investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this computational study was to evaluate the effect of a maxillectomy procedure for cancer on the nasal function by considering variables related to nasal physiology and clinical symptoms, including relative humidity and temperature.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div><span>The effects of a maxillectomy on nasal function were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics simulation, both without an obturator and with various obturator designs. The </span>computed tomography data of 10 patients with a maxillectomy were used to create maxillectomy-without-obturator (MWO) airway models. Obturators were fabricated, and modified to align with copies of MWO models, creating maxillectomy-with-closed-bulb-obturator (MCO) and maxillectomy-with-open-bulb-obturator (MOO) models. Additionally, 10 models were created from 10 healthy individuals as a control. An inspiration cycle of 1.9 seconds was simulated. Statistical tests were used to evaluate the differences between groups (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span><span>On the normal sides, airflow exhibited laminar flow comparable with that of the control group, whereas the defect sides displayed vortices of various sizes, depending on the obturator design. A maxillectomy significantly affected air properties at the </span>nasopharynx, with a notable decrease in temperature (</span><em>P=</em>.007) and relative humidity (<em>P<</em><span>.001). The obturator groups exhibited a significant reduction in tidal volume (</span><em>P</em>=.007 for both groups) and airflow velocity (<em>P</em>=.009 for MCO and <em>P</em><span>=.007 for MOO). Additionally, inspired air temperature at the nasopharynx significantly increased (</span><em>P</em>=.005), and wall-shear stress contours were altered compared with the MWO group. However, no significant changes in relative humidity were observed (<em>P></em>.05). The obturator groups showed no significant differences from the control group, except for relative humidity (<em>P<</em>.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A maxillectomy was found to significantly alter nasal airflow<span> dynamics, leading to changes in temperature, relative humidity, and wall-shear stress. The use of obturators partially restored airflow characteristics, reducing velocity and tidal volume while increasing inspired air temperature. However, obturators did not fully normalize nasal humidity levels. These findings highlight the impact of maxillary defects and prosthetic interventions on nasal physiology, emphasizing the need to optimize obturator design to impro
{"title":"Nasal function in patients with maxillectomy using various obturator designs","authors":"Ahmed Sameir Mohamed Ali BDS, MSc , Yuka I. Sumita DDS, PhD , Masako Akiyama B.Pharm , Islam E. Ali BDS, MDS, PhD , Natsuko Murakami DDS, PhD , Noriyuki Wakabayashi DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div><span>Maxillary obturators have been used to restore oral tissues, extending into the defective nose for sealing and retention. Although they markedly improve oral health-related quality of life, the effects of </span>maxillectomy and obturators on nasal function have not been thoroughly investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this computational study was to evaluate the effect of a maxillectomy procedure for cancer on the nasal function by considering variables related to nasal physiology and clinical symptoms, including relative humidity and temperature.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div><span>The effects of a maxillectomy on nasal function were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics simulation, both without an obturator and with various obturator designs. The </span>computed tomography data of 10 patients with a maxillectomy were used to create maxillectomy-without-obturator (MWO) airway models. Obturators were fabricated, and modified to align with copies of MWO models, creating maxillectomy-with-closed-bulb-obturator (MCO) and maxillectomy-with-open-bulb-obturator (MOO) models. Additionally, 10 models were created from 10 healthy individuals as a control. An inspiration cycle of 1.9 seconds was simulated. Statistical tests were used to evaluate the differences between groups (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span><span>On the normal sides, airflow exhibited laminar flow comparable with that of the control group, whereas the defect sides displayed vortices of various sizes, depending on the obturator design. A maxillectomy significantly affected air properties at the </span>nasopharynx, with a notable decrease in temperature (</span><em>P=</em>.007) and relative humidity (<em>P<</em><span>.001). The obturator groups exhibited a significant reduction in tidal volume (</span><em>P</em>=.007 for both groups) and airflow velocity (<em>P</em>=.009 for MCO and <em>P</em><span>=.007 for MOO). Additionally, inspired air temperature at the nasopharynx significantly increased (</span><em>P</em>=.005), and wall-shear stress contours were altered compared with the MWO group. However, no significant changes in relative humidity were observed (<em>P></em>.05). The obturator groups showed no significant differences from the control group, except for relative humidity (<em>P<</em>.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A maxillectomy was found to significantly alter nasal airflow<span> dynamics, leading to changes in temperature, relative humidity, and wall-shear stress. The use of obturators partially restored airflow characteristics, reducing velocity and tidal volume while increasing inspired air temperature. However, obturators did not fully normalize nasal humidity levels. These findings highlight the impact of maxillary defects and prosthetic interventions on nasal physiology, emphasizing the need to optimize obturator design to impro","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 615-624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-05-31DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.03.008
Yuli Gonzalez DDS , Tarek El-Kerdani DDS, MScD , Seok-Hwan Cho DDS, MS, MS
For implant-supported restorations, the contour of their emergence profile is influenced by the implant’s proximity to the neighboring bone and tooth roots. Long-term function and esthetics depend on the surrounding soft tissue having access to an adequate blood supply. A protocol involving immediate implant placement and interim restoration placement can provide a more functional emergence profile and more effectively meet patients’ esthetic expectations, with the restoration's emergence profile closely resembling that of a natural tooth. This article describes a method of creating the emergence profile by integrating artificial intelligence (AI) tooth segmentation and the mirror image feature of a computer-aided design (CAD) software program into the process.
{"title":"Ideal emergence profile made using artificial intelligence tooth segmentation technology and mirror image feature of CAD software programs for a maxillary anterior implant-supported single crown","authors":"Yuli Gonzalez DDS , Tarek El-Kerdani DDS, MScD , Seok-Hwan Cho DDS, MS, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>For implant-supported restorations, the contour of their emergence profile is influenced by the implant’s proximity to the neighboring bone and tooth roots. Long-term function and esthetics depend on the surrounding soft tissue having access to an adequate blood supply. A protocol involving immediate </span>implant placement<span> and interim restoration placement can provide a more functional emergence profile and more effectively meet patients’ esthetic expectations, with the restoration's emergence profile closely resembling that of a natural tooth. This article describes a method of creating the emergence profile by integrating artificial intelligence (AI) tooth segmentation and the mirror image feature of a computer-aided design (CAD) software program into the process.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 3","pages":"Pages 458-462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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