Pub Date : 2026-01-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102161
Benhanifia Kada , Mebarki Brahim , Ahmed Remlaoui , Keddar Mohammed , Syed M. Hussain , Hijaz Ahmad , Neissrien Alhubieshi , Assmaa Abd-Elmonem , Bandar M. Fadhl , Basim M. Makhdoum
This research presents a unique enclosure geometry, namely, a hexagonal finned cavity, for the analysis of Bingham–Papanastasiou fluid natural convection, which is examined numerically through COMSOL Multiphysics. The momentum and energy equations that govern the phenomena are solved via the Galerkin approach. The external walls have been assumed to be cold, while the inner wall has been taken as hot. A thorough investigation of the thermo-hydrodynamic flow is carried out considering the nominal value of the Rayleigh number (Ra), the range of plasticity Bn (1–50), and the obstacle lengths L (0.1, 0.4). The findings demonstrate that the rate of heat transfer (Nu) is positively correlated with the buoyancy parameter (Ra) while it is inversely related to the plasticity parameter (Bn), with larger values of the latter resulting in lesser heat transfer. This reduction seems to occur due to lame yield stress at a bigger Bn, damping the fluid flow inside the enclosure. The streamline patterns further confirm this trend, showing a significant weakening of circulation at high plasticity levels, particularly for Bn = 50. The effect of obstacle length can be seen on the streamline and isotherm contours, which may indicate the intermediate fin length (L = 0.2) for Rayleigh Number (Ra) as the best, as it increases vortex creation and supports good circulation in the cavity, thus enhancing the heat transfer performance.
{"title":"Exploring thermodynamic processes through CFD of free convection of Bingham fluids in innovative hexagonal enclosure (Papanastasiou model)","authors":"Benhanifia Kada , Mebarki Brahim , Ahmed Remlaoui , Keddar Mohammed , Syed M. Hussain , Hijaz Ahmad , Neissrien Alhubieshi , Assmaa Abd-Elmonem , Bandar M. Fadhl , Basim M. Makhdoum","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents a unique enclosure geometry, namely, a hexagonal finned cavity, for the analysis of Bingham–Papanastasiou fluid natural convection, which is examined numerically through COMSOL Multiphysics. The momentum and energy equations that govern the phenomena are solved via the Galerkin approach. The external walls have been assumed to be cold, while the inner wall has been taken as hot. A thorough investigation of the thermo-hydrodynamic flow is carried out considering the nominal value of the Rayleigh number (Ra), the range of plasticity Bn (1–50), and the obstacle lengths L (0.1, 0.4). The findings demonstrate that the rate of heat transfer (<em>Nu</em>) is positively correlated with the buoyancy parameter (Ra) while it is inversely related to the plasticity parameter (Bn), with larger values of the latter resulting in lesser heat transfer. This reduction seems to occur due to lame yield stress at a bigger Bn, damping the fluid flow inside the enclosure. The streamline patterns further confirm this trend, showing a significant weakening of circulation at high plasticity levels, particularly for Bn = 50. The effect of obstacle length can be seen on the streamline and isotherm contours, which may indicate the intermediate fin length (L = 0.2) for Rayleigh Number (Ra) as the best, as it increases vortex creation and supports good circulation in the cavity, thus enhancing the heat transfer performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102158
Shrooq T. Aldahery
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in MRI clinical practice: From historical innovation to emerging trends","authors":"Shrooq T. Aldahery","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102129
Xiaoyu He , Zhuo Li , Yao Liu , Junsheng Chen , Zihao Yuan , Lina Huang , Ting Wang
Objective
This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based signature using radiotherapy-responsive genes to characterize immune infiltration dynamics and evaluate drug sensitivity in esophageal cancer (EC) before and after radiotherapy.
Methods
Based on the GSE137867 dataset from GEO, which includes 4 pre-radiotherapy and 4 post-radiotherapy esophageal cancer samples, we identified significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through differential analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed based on the DEGs. Signature genes were screened using Lasso and SVM machine learning algorithms. These signature genes underwent CIBERSORT immune infiltration analysis, ssGSEA, ESTIMATE immune scoring, drug sensitivity analysis, and ceRNA network analysis. To validate the expression profiles of the target genes, we cultured the esophageal cancer OE19 cell line and performed Reverse Transcription Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR).
Results
After identifying 28 DEGs, GO and GSEA analysis revealed that these DEGs were enriched in regulation of memory/regulatory T cell differentiation, chemokine activity and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. Through Lasso and SVM, three signature genes were identified: ZDHHC11B, CD46, and PFKFB3. CIBERSORT analysis showed a marked elevation in CD8+ T cells after radiotherapy. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that CD46 was negatively correlated with cisplatin, positively correlated with sapitinib, while PFKFB3 showed a negative correlation with linsitinib. The ceRNA network included 21 miRNAs, 3 mRNAs, and 18 lncRNAs. Specifically, 21 miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs and 18 lncRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs were identified. RT-qPCR showed that compared with the control group, ZDHHC11B decreased significantly in the post-radiotherapy group, while CD46 and PFKFB3 increased significantly.
Conclusion
This study comprehensively investigated the immune landscape of EC pre- and post-radiotherapy and analyzed drug sensitivity of these signature genes, thereby elucidating alterations in the immune microenvironment of EC and nominating ZDHHC11, CD46, and PFKFB3 as potential biomarkers for predicting immune status and therapeutic sensitivity.
{"title":"A machine learning-based gene signature reveals radiotherapy-induced remodeling of the immune microenvironment in esophageal cancer","authors":"Xiaoyu He , Zhuo Li , Yao Liu , Junsheng Chen , Zihao Yuan , Lina Huang , Ting Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based signature using radiotherapy-responsive genes to characterize immune infiltration dynamics and evaluate drug sensitivity in esophageal cancer (EC) before and after radiotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on the GSE137867 dataset from GEO, which includes 4 pre-radiotherapy and 4 post-radiotherapy esophageal cancer samples, we identified significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through differential analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed based on the DEGs. Signature genes were screened using Lasso and SVM machine learning algorithms. These signature genes underwent CIBERSORT immune infiltration analysis, ssGSEA, ESTIMATE immune scoring, drug sensitivity analysis, and ceRNA network analysis. To validate the expression profiles of the target genes, we cultured the esophageal cancer OE19 cell line and performed Reverse Transcription Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After identifying 28 DEGs, GO and GSEA analysis revealed that these DEGs were enriched in regulation of memory/regulatory T cell differentiation, chemokine activity and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. Through Lasso and SVM, three signature genes were identified: ZDHHC11B, CD46, and PFKFB3. CIBERSORT analysis showed a marked elevation in CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells after radiotherapy. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that CD46 was negatively correlated with cisplatin, positively correlated with sapitinib, while PFKFB3 showed a negative correlation with linsitinib. The ceRNA network included 21 miRNAs, 3 mRNAs, and 18 lncRNAs. Specifically, 21 miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs and 18 lncRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs were identified. RT-qPCR showed that compared with the control group, ZDHHC11B decreased significantly in the post-radiotherapy group, while CD46 and PFKFB3 increased significantly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study comprehensively investigated the immune landscape of EC pre- and post-radiotherapy and analyzed drug sensitivity of these signature genes, thereby elucidating alterations in the immune microenvironment of EC and nominating ZDHHC11, CD46, and PFKFB3 as potential biomarkers for predicting immune status and therapeutic sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102132
Abdelmoneim Saleh , Zehra Üstün , Ümit Kara
This study introduces an integrated approach combining forced degradation analysis and Monte Carlo gamma modeling to assess the radiosterilization suitability of pharmaceutical compounds. Three imidazole antifungals were subjected to controlled UV (365 nm) and oxidative (3 % H2O2) stress conditions, and their degradation behavior was quantitatively assessed using validated reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), yielding percentage degradation, rate constants, and half-life values. UV degradation after 3h was highest for lanoconazole (70.97 %), followed by bifonazole (50.80 %) and butoconazole (15.44 %), confirming greater photostability for butoconazole. Under oxidative stress, bifonazole showed the highest resistance, while lanoconazole fully degraded within 12h. MCNPX Monte Carlo simulations revealed enhanced gamma attenuation and localized energy deposition for bifonazole, consistent with its experimental degradation resistance. Kerma and dose-rate analyses supported a balanced energy deposition profile for bifonazole, correlating with its experimental stability. The integration of chemical degradation profiling via RP-HPLC with physical interaction modeling via Monte Carlo simulations offers a predictive, quantitative framework for assessing radiosterilization tolerance. This approach reduces reliance on empirical irradiation trials, enables early identification of the most stable active pharmaceutical ingredients, and supports the optimization of sterilization protocols in pharmaceutical development. This framework enables early identification of radiation-stable APIs, minimizing empirical trials and supporting optimized sterilization strategies without compromising drug efficacy.
{"title":"Integrated RP-HPLC degradation profiling and Monte Carlo modeling for evaluating gamma-ray radiosterilization suitability of imidazole antifungals","authors":"Abdelmoneim Saleh , Zehra Üstün , Ümit Kara","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an integrated approach combining forced degradation analysis and Monte Carlo gamma modeling to assess the radiosterilization suitability of pharmaceutical compounds. Three imidazole antifungals were subjected to controlled UV (365 nm) and oxidative (3 % H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) stress conditions, and their degradation behavior was quantitatively assessed using validated reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), yielding percentage degradation, rate constants, and half-life values. UV degradation after 3h was highest for lanoconazole (70.97 %), followed by bifonazole (50.80 %) and butoconazole (15.44 %), confirming greater photostability for butoconazole. Under oxidative stress, bifonazole showed the highest resistance, while lanoconazole fully degraded within 12h. MCNPX Monte Carlo simulations revealed enhanced gamma attenuation and localized energy deposition for bifonazole, consistent with its experimental degradation resistance. Kerma and dose-rate analyses supported a balanced energy deposition profile for bifonazole, correlating with its experimental stability. The integration of chemical degradation profiling via RP-HPLC with physical interaction modeling via Monte Carlo simulations offers a predictive, quantitative framework for assessing radiosterilization tolerance. This approach reduces reliance on empirical irradiation trials, enables early identification of the most stable active pharmaceutical ingredients, and supports the optimization of sterilization protocols in pharmaceutical development. This framework enables early identification of radiation-stable APIs, minimizing empirical trials and supporting optimized sterilization strategies without compromising drug efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102147
Feng Chen , Yueping Chen , Xiaoyun Zhang
Background
Icariin (ICA) shows therapeutic potential for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), yet its mechanism in regulating osteoblast ferroptosis remains unclear. We combined network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro validation to elucidate ICA-mediated anti-ferroptotic effects in PMO.
Methods
Potential ICA targets were obtained from PubChem, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, SwissTargetPrediction, and the Similarity Ensemble Approach, while PMO-associated genes were identified through GeneCards, OMIM, DrugBank, and the Therapeutic Target Database. Ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from FerrDb. Intersecting targets were used to construct drug–target and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, and key nodes were identified by topological analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to perform functional enrichment. Molecular docking assessed ICA affinity toward candidate proteins, and molecular dynamics simulations evaluated complex stability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and the expression of markers linked to ferroptosis, antioxidants, and osteogenesis were measured using osteoblasts in vitro using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting.
Results
Eight key targets were identified through PPI network analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses highlighted pathways associated with redox regulation and ferroptosis. Docking studies revealed the strongest binding affinity between ICA and Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2–Related Factor 2), further confirmed by stable interactions in molecular dynamics simulations. Experimentally, ICA promoted osteoblast proliferation, reduced intracellular ROS levels and apoptosis, and upregulated antioxidant, osteogenic, and ferroptosis-related proteins, including Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), while suppressing caspase-3 activation.
Conclusion
ICA activates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to suppress ferroptosis and oxidative stress, reduce apoptosis, and promote osteogenic activity, thereby alleviating PMO-related osteoblast dysfunction. These findings provide mechanistic support for ICA as a multi-target candidate for PMO management.
{"title":"Network pharmacology, molecular dynamics simulation, and experiments uncover icariin's role in ferroptosis during postmenopausal osteoporosis","authors":"Feng Chen , Yueping Chen , Xiaoyun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Icariin (ICA) shows therapeutic potential for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), yet its mechanism in regulating osteoblast ferroptosis remains unclear. We combined network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro validation to elucidate ICA-mediated anti-ferroptotic effects in PMO.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Potential ICA targets were obtained from PubChem, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, SwissTargetPrediction, and the Similarity Ensemble Approach, while PMO-associated genes were identified through GeneCards, OMIM, DrugBank, and the Therapeutic Target Database. Ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from FerrDb. Intersecting targets were used to construct drug–target and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, and key nodes were identified by topological analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to perform functional enrichment. Molecular docking assessed ICA affinity toward candidate proteins, and molecular dynamics simulations evaluated complex stability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and the expression of markers linked to ferroptosis, antioxidants, and osteogenesis were measured using osteoblasts in vitro using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight key targets were identified through PPI network analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses highlighted pathways associated with redox regulation and ferroptosis. Docking studies revealed the strongest binding affinity between ICA and Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2–Related Factor 2), further confirmed by stable interactions in molecular dynamics simulations. Experimentally, ICA promoted osteoblast proliferation, reduced intracellular ROS levels and apoptosis, and upregulated antioxidant, osteogenic, and ferroptosis-related proteins, including Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), while suppressing caspase-3 activation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ICA activates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to suppress ferroptosis and oxidative stress, reduce apoptosis, and promote osteogenic activity, thereby alleviating PMO-related osteoblast dysfunction. These findings provide mechanistic support for ICA as a multi-target candidate for PMO management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102157
Yongjian Tian , Wenfeng Zhang , Xue Li , Shunshun Cui , Hao Wu , Pengjuan Liu , Wei Wang
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) exhibits uncontrolled proliferation and metabolic reprogramming. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) drives the G2/M transition, while fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) catalyzes α1,2-fucosylation, which broadly influences receptor signaling and stress responses. The mechanism by which these two proteins interact to shape LUAD metabolism remains unclear.
Methods
We employed structural modeling, transcriptomics, functional assays, and untargeted metabolomics to elucidate the roles of CDK1 and FUT2 in LUAD. A549 cells, a well-characterized lung adenocarcinoma model commonly used for studies of proliferation and metabolic rewiring, were selected for functional assays and untargeted metabolomics.
Results
Overexpressing CDK1 or FUT2 in A549 cells significantly altered cell viability and induced distinct metabolic shifts. CDK1 overexpression was associated with enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation and AMPK signaling pathways, thereby elevating key metabolites such as NAD+ and taurocholic acid. FUT2 overexpression perturbed tryptophan metabolism and Wnt signaling, resulting in increased levels of L-kynurenine, pyridoxine, and xanthurenic acid. Functionally, CDK1 inhibition using RO-3306 suppressed A549 cell proliferation and disrupted energy metabolism, whereas FUT2 promoted proliferation, potentially through antioxidant defense and lipid biosynthesis pathways.
Conclusions
CDK1 and FUT2 regulate complementary metabolic programs in LUAD, linking cell-cycle control and glycosylation to metabolic adaptation. These results provide a rationale for combined targeting of CDK1- and FUT2-linked pathways and support further preclinical evaluation of combination regimens.
{"title":"Integrated functional and metabolomic profiling reveals coordinated roles of CDK1 and FUT2 in lung adenocarcinoma progression","authors":"Yongjian Tian , Wenfeng Zhang , Xue Li , Shunshun Cui , Hao Wu , Pengjuan Liu , Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) exhibits uncontrolled proliferation and metabolic reprogramming. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) drives the G2/M transition, while fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) catalyzes α1,2-fucosylation, which broadly influences receptor signaling and stress responses. The mechanism by which these two proteins interact to shape LUAD metabolism remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We employed structural modeling, transcriptomics, functional assays, and untargeted metabolomics to elucidate the roles of CDK1 and FUT2 in LUAD. A549 cells, a well-characterized lung adenocarcinoma model commonly used for studies of proliferation and metabolic rewiring, were selected for functional assays and untargeted metabolomics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overexpressing CDK1 or FUT2 in A549 cells significantly altered cell viability and induced distinct metabolic shifts. CDK1 overexpression was associated with enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation and AMPK signaling pathways, thereby elevating key metabolites such as NAD<sup>+</sup> and taurocholic acid. FUT2 overexpression perturbed tryptophan metabolism and Wnt signaling, resulting in increased levels of L-kynurenine, pyridoxine, and xanthurenic acid. Functionally, CDK1 inhibition using RO-3306 suppressed A549 cell proliferation and disrupted energy metabolism, whereas FUT2 promoted proliferation, potentially through antioxidant defense and lipid biosynthesis pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CDK1 and FUT2 regulate complementary metabolic programs in LUAD, linking cell-cycle control and glycosylation to metabolic adaptation. These results provide a rationale for combined targeting of CDK1- and FUT2-linked pathways and support further preclinical evaluation of combination regimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102144
Yanyan Liu , Haifeng Jia , Wanpeng Wang , Junxiang Liu , Fuyang Xie , Xin Xu , Juan Pu
Background/objective
Interferon-γ-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) has been implicated in tumour progression and resistance to ionizing radiation; nevertheless, its functional relevance and mechanistic underpinnings in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) radioresistance remain inadequately characterised. Here, we interrogated the contribution of IFI6 to the radiosensitivity of TNBC cells and dissected the associated regulatory circuitry.
Materials and methods
An isogenic radioresistant MDA-MB-231 sub-line (MDA-MB-231/IR) was generated by fractionated irradiation, and IFI6 expression was quantified by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblot analyses, revealing pronounced up-regulation in radioresistant cells. Loss-of-function studies employing lentiviral short-hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated silencing were conducted to investigate the functional role of IFI6 and underlying molecular mechanisms.
Results
It was demonstrated that IFI6 depletion markedly sensitized MDA-MB-231/IR cells to irradiation, as evidenced by enhanced apoptotic index and induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Mechanistically, IFI6 knock-down triggered endoplasmic-reticulum stress (ERS) and consequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby amplifying the cytotoxic effects of radiation. Rescue experiments with the ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) corroborated this causal axis: 4-PBA attenuated ROS generation and partially reversed the radiosensitising effect elicited by IFI6 silencing.
Conclusion
Collectively, our data establish IFI6 as a critical molecular determinant of TNBC radioresistance and unveil that its targeted suppression can overcome radioresistance by converting a sub-lethal stress into a potent ERS-dependent ICD pathway.
{"title":"Silencing IFI6 enhances radiation sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer via ER stress-driven immunogenic cell death","authors":"Yanyan Liu , Haifeng Jia , Wanpeng Wang , Junxiang Liu , Fuyang Xie , Xin Xu , Juan Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Interferon-γ-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) has been implicated in tumour progression and resistance to ionizing radiation; nevertheless, its functional relevance and mechanistic underpinnings in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) radioresistance remain inadequately characterised. Here, we interrogated the contribution of IFI6 to the radiosensitivity of TNBC cells and dissected the associated regulatory circuitry.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>An isogenic radioresistant MDA-MB-231 sub-line (MDA-MB-231/IR) was generated by fractionated irradiation, and IFI6 expression was quantified by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblot analyses, revealing pronounced up-regulation in radioresistant cells. Loss-of-function studies employing lentiviral short-hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated silencing were conducted to investigate the functional role of IFI6 and underlying molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was demonstrated that IFI6 depletion markedly sensitized MDA-MB-231/IR cells to irradiation, as evidenced by enhanced apoptotic index and induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Mechanistically, IFI6 knock-down triggered endoplasmic-reticulum stress (ERS) and consequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby amplifying the cytotoxic effects of radiation. Rescue experiments with the ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) corroborated this causal axis: 4-PBA attenuated ROS generation and partially reversed the radiosensitising effect elicited by IFI6 silencing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Collectively, our data establish IFI6 as a critical molecular determinant of TNBC radioresistance and unveil that its targeted suppression can overcome radioresistance by converting a sub-lethal stress into a potent ERS-dependent ICD pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102150
Adel Fisli , Asron Ferdian Falaah , Deni Mustika , Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo , Sairun , Nadya Nurdini , Saeful Yusuf , Th. Rina Mulyaningsih , Agus Salim Afrozi , Auring Rachminisari , Agus Taufiq , Agus Sunardi , Syukri Arief , Henry Prastanto , Mohamad Irfan Fathurrohman , Ridwan
Ionizing radiation is widely applied in medicine, industry, and agriculture; however, it presents health risks to workers. This study aimed to develop lead-free, flexible gamma-ray shielding composites by incorporating lanthanum hydroxide [La(OH)3] into natural rubber (NR). Composites with varying La(OH)3 contents (0–250 phr) were prepared using an open two-roll mill and compression molding. Microstructure, mechanical properties, and gamma attenuation were characterized, and the results were compared with XCOM simulations. Gamma shielding was tested at 81–1332 keV using Ba-133, Cs-137, and Co-60 sources. SEM/EDS confirmed uniform La(OH)3 dispersion in the NR matrix. Density increased from 0.975 g/cm3 (NR) to 2.156 g/cm3 (La250/NR), and hardness increased from 27 % to 53 %. Tensile strength decreased from 13.1 MPa to 5.8 MPa, while elongation at break declined from 440 % to 320 %. At 81 keV, the mass attenuation coefficient increased from 0.161 to 2.029 cm2/g, and the half-value layer was reduced from 4.41 cm to 0.16 cm (∼96 % reduction). Compared to pure Pb, the HVL ratio of LaOH-natural rubber composite at 81 keV is 5.3, meaning the composite needs about five times greater thickness for equivalent shielding; at 1332 keV, the ratio is 6.04. Experimental results agreed with XCOM within 20 %. The developed LaOH-natural rubber composites demonstrate strong, flexible, and environmentally friendly alternatives for gamma shielding, especially in applications requiring lightweight and wearable protection.
{"title":"Flexible lead-free gamma-ray radiation shielding using La(OH)3-enhanced natural rubber composites","authors":"Adel Fisli , Asron Ferdian Falaah , Deni Mustika , Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo , Sairun , Nadya Nurdini , Saeful Yusuf , Th. Rina Mulyaningsih , Agus Salim Afrozi , Auring Rachminisari , Agus Taufiq , Agus Sunardi , Syukri Arief , Henry Prastanto , Mohamad Irfan Fathurrohman , Ridwan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionizing radiation is widely applied in medicine, industry, and agriculture; however, it presents health risks to workers. This study aimed to develop lead-free, flexible gamma-ray shielding composites by incorporating lanthanum hydroxide [La(OH)<sub>3</sub>] into natural rubber (NR). Composites with varying La(OH)<sub>3</sub> contents (0–250 phr) were prepared using an open two-roll mill and compression molding. Microstructure, mechanical properties, and gamma attenuation were characterized, and the results were compared with XCOM simulations. Gamma shielding was tested at 81–1332 keV using Ba-133, Cs-137, and Co-60 sources. SEM/EDS confirmed uniform La(OH)<sub>3</sub> dispersion in the NR matrix. Density increased from 0.975 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (NR) to 2.156 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (La250/NR), and hardness increased from 27 % to 53 %. Tensile strength decreased from 13.1 MPa to 5.8 MPa, while elongation at break declined from 440 % to 320 %. At 81 keV, the mass attenuation coefficient increased from 0.161 to 2.029 cm<sup>2</sup>/g, and the half-value layer was reduced from 4.41 cm to 0.16 cm (∼96 % reduction). Compared to pure Pb, the HVL ratio of LaOH-natural rubber composite at 81 keV is 5.3, meaning the composite needs about five times greater thickness for equivalent shielding; at 1332 keV, the ratio is 6.04. Experimental results agreed with XCOM within 20 %. The developed LaOH-natural rubber composites demonstrate strong, flexible, and environmentally friendly alternatives for gamma shielding, especially in applications requiring lightweight and wearable protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102149
Ming Jiang , Zun Lv , Jiajia Chen , Yue Pan , Ying Yu , Kanchao Yu , Lijuan Xia , Jicheng Liu , Hui Li , Keyong Zhang
Objectives
This study aimed to systematically investigate the dose-dependent effects of 60Co-γ radiation on the entire growth cycle of Astragalus membranaceus, using a dose gradient ranging from 50 to 400 Gy. The specific objectives were to evaluate its impacts on seed germination, seedling physiology, agronomic traits of one-year-old plants, and the accumulation of medicinal components.
Methods
A radiation dose gradient of 50–400 Gy was applied to Astragalus membranaceus seeds. Assessments included seed germination and seedling emergence rates, physiological and biochemical markers (e.g., antioxidant enzyme activities and secondary metabolites), agronomic traits, and medicinal compound accumulation. The median lethal dose (LD50) was calculated, and a multi-trait weighted index (I) was used to screen superior germplasm lines.
Results
Low-dose radiation (50–100 Gy) significantly improved seed germination and emergence rates, while high doses (≥200 Gy) were inhibitory, with an LD50 of 201.95 Gy. At 50 Gy, antioxidant defense mechanisms were activated, indicated by increased CAT and APX activities, and flavonoid content rose by 48.2 %. Doses≥300 Gy caused severe damage, including a 57.8 % reduction in thylakoid density. In one-year-old plants, 50 Gy synergistically improved biomass and active compound content. Doses of 100–300 Gy induced transgressive segregation: one line (300 Gy-2) showed a root dry weight 4.63 times that of the control. Using a multi-trait index, seven superior lines were selected. Line 100 Gy-8 exhibited a 1.54-fold increase in total flavonoids (93.03 mg/g), while line 400 Gy-12 showed a threefold enhancement.
Conclusion
The results indicate that 50 Gy is an optimal dose for simultaneously improving yield and quality in Astragalus membranaceus, whereas the 100–300 Gy range serves as a promising mutagenic window for generating high-flavonoid or high-biomass variants. This study provides theoretical support and core germplasm resources for targeted breeding strategies.
{"title":"Dose-effect analysis of 60Co-γ radiation on Astragalus membranaceus across life cycle and creation of high-flavonoid/super-biomass germplasm","authors":"Ming Jiang , Zun Lv , Jiajia Chen , Yue Pan , Ying Yu , Kanchao Yu , Lijuan Xia , Jicheng Liu , Hui Li , Keyong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to systematically investigate the dose-dependent effects of <sup>60</sup>Co-γ radiation on the entire growth cycle of <em>Astragalus membranaceus</em>, using a dose gradient ranging from 50 to 400 Gy. The specific objectives were to evaluate its impacts on seed germination, seedling physiology, agronomic traits of one-year-old plants, and the accumulation of medicinal components.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A radiation dose gradient of 50–400 Gy was applied to <em>Astragalus membranaceus</em> seeds. Assessments included seed germination and seedling emergence rates, physiological and biochemical markers (e.g., antioxidant enzyme activities and secondary metabolites), agronomic traits, and medicinal compound accumulation. The median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) was calculated, and a multi-trait weighted index (I) was used to screen superior germplasm lines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Low-dose radiation (50–100 Gy) significantly improved seed germination and emergence rates, while high doses (≥200 Gy) were inhibitory, with an LD<sub>50</sub> of 201.95 Gy. At 50 Gy, antioxidant defense mechanisms were activated, indicated by increased CAT and APX activities, and flavonoid content rose by 48.2 %. Doses≥300 Gy caused severe damage, including a 57.8 % reduction in thylakoid density. In one-year-old plants, 50 Gy synergistically improved biomass and active compound content. Doses of 100–300 Gy induced transgressive segregation: one line (300 Gy-2) showed a root dry weight 4.63 times that of the control. Using a multi-trait index, seven superior lines were selected. Line 100 Gy-8 exhibited a 1.54-fold increase in total flavonoids (93.03 mg/g), while line 400 Gy-12 showed a threefold enhancement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results indicate that 50 Gy is an optimal dose for simultaneously improving yield and quality in <em>Astragalus membranaceus</em>, whereas the 100–300 Gy range serves as a promising mutagenic window for generating high-flavonoid or high-biomass variants. This study provides theoretical support and core germplasm resources for targeted breeding strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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